Tool for simultaneous processing several surface areas of a workpiece

The invention relates to a tool for the surface machining of workpieces with a drive for the actuation of a connected to the drive spindle to which the tool spindle on the spindle is detachably fixed.

principle In the production by separating with geometrically undefined cutting with a rotating tool, there are two main applications, namely, the axial and radial application. There are a number of tools, in particular cutting tools for these applications. These differ in the shapes, the shape and grits. The editing tools are designed on the basis of boundary conditions for the respective machining purpose in terms of size, to be processed material and processing speed.

As main components of axially acting Zerspanwerkzeuges typically a shaft, preferably made of steel, a core or base body and individual sanding sheets are provided. The wave in this case has a standardized diameter and is clamped in a suitable tool holder. The core serves to fix and support the individual sanding sheets. The number, grain or shape of the sanding sheets depends on the intended use. The individual abrasive sheets are arranged axially on the core, that is, its working surface is oriented in the axial direction. The selection of the grain size of the individual abrasive sheets is substantially determined by the material to be machined, according to the required removal of material as well as on the required quality of the generating surface of the workpiece.

By a spindle drive a rotatory movement is generated that drives the so-called axial cutting tool. The speed required is dependent on various factors such as the diameter of the tool, to be processed on the material or on the desired surface quality.

When axial clamping tool, the machining surface is on the underside of Zerspanwerkzeuges, that is, the grinding tool axis is perpendicular to the surface to be machined.

A radially acting upon cutting tool also consists of a shaft, preferably made of steel, and a Zerspankörper which is provided as a rotationally symmetrical body, for example in cylindrical form, with peripherally arranged projections chip-making. Instead, it can also be formed from single centrally interconnected radially projecting sanding sheets. The shaft with her also standardized diameter is clamped in a suitable tool holder. The chip-making the projections on Zerspankörper can either be from the same material as Zerspankörper or of a specific substance, for example, consist of cemented carbide or corundum (A1203) or diamond.

In the case of chip production by removing by grinding the grain provided for this purpose the individual sanding sheets or abrasive is essentially based on the material to be processed, according to the required quantity of material and on the required surface quality of the respective workpiece.

Again, the rotary movement of the so-called radial-Zerspanwerkzeuges is generated by a spindle drive. The speed required is dependent on various factors such as the diameter of the tool, the material to be processed or the desired surface quality.

When radial-clamping tool the machining surface is on the circumference of the tool, that is, the grinding tool and the surface to be machined are arranged parallel to each other.

Starting from this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a tool of the type mentioned, which provides the easiest way possible, the ability to process more than a surface area of ​​the workpiece at the same time with a single tool.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Accordingly, the tool having at least two working surfaces is provided, which are provided for the simultaneous treatment of the relevant workpiece, namely at least one each effective in the axial direction and in the radial direction workspace.

The connection to the tool according to the invention provided with the spindle shaft is preferably formed of metal. For certain applications it may be advantageous to provide the shaft of non-metallic material, for example plastics or ceramics, optionally fiber-reinforced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the inventive tool, the tool is used for machining or cutting machining of the respective workpiece. It proves to be advantageous that the tool comprises radially and / or axially from the spindle axis projecting work surfaces.

According to a further advantageous embodiment variant, the inventive tool may comprise at least one at an angle <90 ° inclined to the spindle axis working area, which is either provided in addition to one of the above work surfaces or together with the two aforementioned working surfaces.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be achieved in that the tool has at least two surface regions which are inclined differently to the spindle axis.

Another aspect of the invention relates to the driving of the tool. This may be full-rotary and put the it acted tool in rotation or part-rotatory, that is, the inventive tool is set in an oscillatory rotation in which the rotation changes according to the oscillation frequency alternately in an opposite direction of rotation.

The fully rotational drive is common and known, for example, by drilling ago. The called part-rotary drive is also known, although not as common as the fully-rotary drive. In particular, tools that are provided for a part-rotary drive must be tuned to the opposite machining direction, thus molding and dimensional accuracy are ensured.

Generally speaking, for the tools of the invention that the defined work surfaces from the outer contour of the tool is rotationally symmetrical.

Accordingly there is provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention that the tool is a rotationally symmetrical milling body or saw body. Among saw body case a disk-shaped cutter body is meant having a small thickness.

The action direction of such a milling body is preferably the radial direction, but they may be provided in special cases, in the axial direction.

Milling tool according to an embodiment of the invention has at least one cutting edge, but preferably three or more cutting edges whose orientation extends in a plane extending parallel and / or perpendicular to the spindle axis. Alternatively, the orientation of the cutting edges in one can proceed to the spindle at an angle of <90 ° inclined plane.

Further milling body of the invention may be provided with straight or curved edges, the latter may preferably have a helical course.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the tool of centrally managed, radially and / or axially acting abrasives is formed, the abrasive preferably from centrally managed, radially and / or axially acting sanding sheets are formed.

In development of the invention it is provided that the provided with sanding sheets tool having a shank, a mind-rotatably arranged base body and a mind interchangeably mounted sanding sheet, wherein the shaft with the spindle comes into operative connection and has an account the proposed sanding sheets provided outside diameter.

According to another alternative of the invention is the tool <b>characterized in that</b> it is formed by a centrally managed, radially and / or axially acting grinding wheels, said each has a base body whose surface is covered with abrasive particles in each case.

The outer contour of the respective grinding wheel may advantageously be adapted to the workpiece to be generated contour.

According to an advantageous development of the invention that are on the surface of each base body abrasive particles to the base body in question are intimately connected.

Preferably, the present on the surface of each base body are provided in abrasive particles of different grain, that is, according to the invention separate for each abrasive grain are provided. The grain size of the abrasive particles is advantageously in each case matched to the material of which is the workpiece to be machined.

Alternatively, however, can also be provided that an abrasive body is provided with abrasive particles of different particle size and / or different material, for example, predominantly with abrasive particles of aluminum oxide (AI203) and a lower proportion of diamond particles.

Further, their density and the arrangement is relevant for the selection of the intended for equipping the abrasive bodies of the invention the abrasive material in addition to the type of grain.

As the support body material for the abrasive according to the invention preferably is a metallic material into consideration. For certain applications it may be advantageous to provide the support body of non-metallic material, for example plastic or ceramic, optionally fiber-reinforced.

As already mentioned above, an intimate connection of the abrasive particles is provided to the carrier body according to the invention. Such an intimate connection which is mechanically sufficiently stable, is preferably effected by means of adhesive, although such and for metallic materials or for non-metallic materials. Preferably, multi-component adhesives are used according to the invention for this purpose.

Another criterion for the effectiveness of the tool according to the invention is the field of application, ie the respective material of the workpiece to be machined, and the design of the tool, which is largely determined by diameter or thickness of the tool depends on whether it is a radial tool or a thrust tool is.

Further, the total length of the respective tool of influence on its stability as well as its application width.

Finally, the number of planned sanding sheets is in radial tools that work with sanding sheets, crucial.

These and other advantageous embodiments and improvements of the invention are subject of the claims.

The invention, advantageous refinements and improvements of the invention and particular advantages of the invention will be explained and described in more detail with reference to an illustrated in the accompanying drawings embodiment of the invention.

Show it:<ul><li><figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> an inventive tool in an oblique view from the side </li><li><figref idrefs="f0002">FIG. 2</figref>an example of a practical application for the tool according to <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> ,</li></ul>

In <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> is an inventive tool 10 is shown in an oblique view from the side, which has an attached to a shaft 12 Plate 14, which serves as the upper limit for a radial abrasive body 16 which is formed of a plurality of centrally managed, interconnected radially projecting sanding sheets 18th This in<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> reproduced tool is for the full-rotational use, that is for a rotary movement in a direction of rotation, is provided.

The sanding sheets 18 described above are inseparably connected according to the invention with the shaft 12 in an unspecified shown, provided for this shaft receiving a drive in turn is inserted and is rotatably fixed.

Below in <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> shown radial abrasive body 16 is a Axialschleifkörper 20 arranged, which is formed from a star shape emanating from the center grinding wedges 22, which, like the already explained sanding sheets 18 centrally rotatably connected to the shaft 12th

The sanding sheets 18 as well as the grinding wedges 22 are each covered with unspecified abrasive particles, which are preferably fixed by means of adhesive bonding thereto.

While such coated abrasive wedges 22 already have an abrasive effect due to their recognizable wavy or angular shape, rests the abrasive action of sanding sheets 18 on their flexibility, that is, on the flexibility of the peripheral areas of the sanding sheets 18th

Upon application of the respective workpiece each sanding sheet 18 is due to the imposed by the drive not shown rotation and the operations necessary for the pressing force elastically bent so that there is a substantially strip broad range of grinding blade surface is performed on the workpiece surface along. The arranged on the surface of each sanding sheet 18 abrasive particles cause this a material removal, which is determined by the processing time, contact pressure and tool surface.

In <figref idrefs="f0002">FIG. 2</figref> is an example of a practical application for the tool 10 in accordance with <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> reproduced. Here, a block-shaped workpiece 24 is to be provided with a peripheral indentation 26, which can be produced in one operation by means of the tool 10 of the invention.

In this case, the inventive tool 10 operates with a radial and an axial component force, which act on the so provided as tool 10 abrasive body that the latter 26 causes the indentation by material removal resulting therefrom.

The height or length as the diameter of the radially acting centrifugal grinding body 16 in this case are both on the available drive or on its driving performance tuned as well as on the material of which is the workpiece in question 24th

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

<dl id="dl0001" compact="compact"><dt>10</dt><dd>Tool</dd><dt>12</dt><dd>shaft</dd><dt>14</dt><dd>Plate</dd><dt>16</dt><dd>Radial grinding</dd><dt>18</dt><dd>sanding sheets</dd><dt>20</dt><dd>Axialschleifkörper</dd><dt>22</dt><dd>grinding wedges</dd><dt>24</dt><dd>workpiece</dd><dt>26</dt><dd>indentation</dd></dl>