Formwork for producing concrete elements

p0001The invention relates to a formwork for the manufacture of precast concrete, with a base body carrying a formwork bottom, with side elements and a closure assembly for transferring at least one side member from an open position to a closed position.

p0002Such molds are used for example for the production of concrete tubbing. The formwork in this case has a formwork bottom and four side members which are respectively secured from an open position to a closed position pivoted to the base body. In the closed position, the side elements together with the formwork bottom and a laterally lower side closed formwork form, can be poured into the liquid concrete. After solidification of the precast concrete part, the side members from the closed position to be brought into the opening position in which the precast concrete of the formwork can be removed. The closure assembly of the formwork consists of screws which are rotated by the side members and into arranged in the base thread and in each case the side members toward the base body lead until the closing position is reached. The side member two or three fittings are usually provided.

p0003A disadvantage of such a formwork that the screws are strongly attracted often unevenly by the operating personnel. The geometry of the precast concrete part produced is influenced of how evenly the individual fittings are tightened. An inaccurate geometry example of a tubbing as precast concrete leads to greater mechanical stress of the tubbing, if it is integrated as a component into a tunnel lining. Moreover, the sealing properties of a mounted on or at the tubbing sealing by inaccurate geometry may be impaired. In addition, the cranking and subsequent loosening of the screwing of the formwork is time-consuming.

p0004The invention has the object of providing a formwork of the type mentioned, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are reduced.

p0005The invention solves this problem by a formwork of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the closure arrangement has at least one spring element, which comprises a side member is disposed at least kraftbeaufschlagend towards body in its closed position. By this configuration it is achieved that the at least one side member is not pressed in its closing position via a rigid element in the shuttering floor, but via a resilient spring element. The spring element forms a mechanical buffer, by the pressing force of a page element to the formwork bottom in the closed position is significantly less strongly increasing at least over a greater range of further actuation of the closure assembly, as would be the case without a spring element.

p0006The spring element is preferably formed by a plate spring, a spiral spring, a torsion spring or an air spring.

p0007In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the closure assembly on at least one actuator, which receives an inserted from outside the formwork force for release of at least one side member of the opening position to the closing position and indirectly further indicates the at least one side member. In this case, the spring element is preferably disposed between the actuating element and the at least one side member. Through these embodiments it is achieved that an introduced in the closure assembly force for release of at least one side member of the opening to the closing position always acts indirectly via the spring element on at least one side member.

p0008In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping device to a side member with a bolt hole through which the actuator is performed. The side member bolt is pivotally connected to the longitudinal axis of the at least one side member. In particular, the side member bolt is at least supported a sidewall itself in and such anchored that a shift in the longitudinal axis of the side member bolt on the one side member is prevented completely or at least up to a slightly remaining room to move relatively at least. Through these embodiments is a secure and stable force transmission from the actuator on at least one side member is achieved. By pivotable bearing of the side member bolt also ensures that the actuator during a transfer of at least one side member is not deformed from the open to the closed position.

p0009Preferably, the spring element is positioned directly or indirectly between the side member and a stop arranged on the actuator.

p0010Advantageously, the tensioning device on an adjusting screw with a screw head, a screw shank and a screw thread disposed thereon. In this case, the actuating element of the screw head and the actuator is formed by the screw shaft. The worm engages in a connected to the main body mating thread. By rotation of the screw head of the screw shaft is in the counter-thread unscrewed into or out of this, wherein the length of the non-located in the counter-thread screw shaft determines the position of the at least one side element. The screw head engages directly or indirectly at least one side item. The attack is particularly preferably also formed of the nut. This configuration can be produced inexpensively and yet ensures a reliable and low-maintenance design of the clamping device.

p0011The clamping device, in a preferred embodiment of the invention on a base body with a bolt hole in which the counter thread of the screw is located. In this case, the base body bolt is pivotally connected about its longitudinal axis to the base body. This ensures that the adjusting screw is not deformed when screwing or unscrewing in the counter-thread. Again, the base pin is preferably mounted in such a way in the body itself, that the position of the longitudinal axis of the base body bolt to the base body is always relatively stable or at least only a consequence of low movement play space for rotating the body bolt about its longitudinal axis is variable.

p0012In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamping device on a arranged in the screw shank limit barrier whose positioning capped a screwing of the screw shaft into the base pin. The positioning of the limit barrier determines the maximum force acting on the at least one side element spring force in the closed position of the side wall. The limit barrier is arranged preferably between the side member and bolt the base bolts.

p0013Advantageously, the tensioning device to lock an opening, which is arranged on the screw head opposite end of the screw shaft and defining an unscrewing of the screw shank of the base body bolts.

p0014The positioning of the opening lock defines the maximum opening position of at least one side member.

p0015In a preferred embodiment of the invention the limit barrier and / or the Offnungssperre are each formed by a nut and the associated locknut. This is a structurally simple and robust adjustment of the position of the limit barrier and / or the opening lock is achieved by the determined maximum in the closed position to the at least one sidewall acting spring force or the maximum opening position of at least one side member.

p0016In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the tensioning device to a tension element which is arranged between the actuator and actuating element. In this way, an incorporated in the actuator force is transmitted at least indirectly on the tension element to the actuator, so that the actuating element and the actuator can be arranged arbitrarily positioned relative to each other. The operation of the operating member is facilitated.

p0017If the tension element is also designed to be rigid, this serves not only for pulling the actuator in one direction, but at the same time for pressing the actuator in the other direction. For example, the at least one side member by pulling on the actuator on the tension member from the opening position is moved toward the closed position, this can be rigidly constructed traction element also press the at least one sidewall again from the closed position to the open position. The tension works simultaneously as a pressure element. For this purpose, the actuator preferably has a pressure stop on which acts directly on the tension element to the side element bolts or the side member.

p0018Advantageously, the closure assembly includes a plurality of tensioning device, which tension elements are connected to a common power actuator. Particularly preferred end all tension members in a common actuator. This configuration is achieved in each case that fewer actuators for movement of the at least one side member of the opening position to the closing position or must be operated inversely. Specifically, when the shuttering comprises a plurality of side elements, which can be converted in each case from an opening position into a closing position, is saved by this refinement considerably time. At the same time it is ensured by this configuration that all bracing the shutter array are involved in the transfer of at least one side member of the opening in the closed position and vice versa.

p0019The spring element can be arranged with advantage as an alternative to or in addition thereto described positioning between the actuating element and one or more traction elements, depending on the use and environment of the form. This makes it possible urge said plurality of tension elements and above actuators with only one spring element. The maintenance of the formwork is thereby simplified.

p0020In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one side element comprises a shuttering wall and a mounting this bearing wall, wherein the wall formwork is connected to the wall bracket to pivot about a pivot axis with the main body. Advantageously, the closure assembly outside a regionally limited by the shuttering wall and the bottom formwork shuttering form is arranged here. In particular, the side member bolt is connected to the wall bracket. This configuration ensures that the closure assembly does not undesirably affect the shape of the formwork.

p0021Further details and advantages of the invention are in the dependent claims and the exemplary embodiments illustrated schematically described below can be removed; show it:<dl id="dl0001"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>a formwork according to the invention in partial cross section,</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>an enlargement of the article from <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref>, A bracing showing</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>another formwork invention with side elements in the open position and</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>the object from <figref idrefs="f0003">Fig. 3</figref> with side elements in the closed position.</dd></dl>

p0022Below equivalent elements with a single reference number will be provided.

p0023<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0002">2</figref> describe a first and <figref idrefs="f0003">FIGS. 3 and 4</figref> a further embodiment of a formwork according to the invention 2. The shuttering 2 in each case has a basic body 4, which carries a bottom formwork. 6 Side elements 8 are pivotally connected about a pivot axis 10 to the base body. 4

p0024In the figures, only two side members 8 are shown for clarity. The offset therefrom by 90 degrees is arranged further two side elements 8 are not shown in the figures. In<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> is shown in a closed position 14, the left side member 8 in an open position 12 and right side members. 8 In the closed position 14 of the side members 8, these, together with the formwork bottom 6 a laterally and at the bottom closed shuttering mold 16, can be poured into the liquid concrete. After setting of the concrete side elements 8 are placed in your opening position 12, so that the precast produced can be easily removed from the mold. 2

p0025To convert the page elements 8 from the opening position 12 in the closed position 14 has the form 2 a closure assembly 18 which comprises two spring elements 20 in the present case. The spring elements 20 are disposed such that they 8 kraftbeaufschlagen the side members in the closed position 14 in the direction of the base body. 4 The energy stored in the spring elements 20 spring force is greater than in its open position 12 in the closed position 14 of the side elements eighth

p0026The closure assembly 18 has in this case two actuators 22, operate the respective bracing 24 of the closure assembly 18th The clamping device 24 comprises a respective actuator 26 at the end of a stopper 28 is positioned and connected to the actuator 26th

p0027The clamping device 24 also has a respective side member pin 30 with a bore 32 through which the actuator is guided 26th Here, the side member bolt 30 is pivotally connected to the longitudinal axis 34 to the side member. 8 During a transfer of the side elements 8 of the closed position 14 in its open position 12 of the side element bolt is pivoted about the longitudinal axis 34, as indicated by the change in the positioning of the longitudinal axes 36a, 36b of the actuators 26 in<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> is illustrated.

p0028In which, in <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0002">2</figref> Illustrated embodiment, the clamping device 24 each have a screw 38, said the bracing associated actuator 22 and the stop 28 assigned by the screw head and the bracing 24 actuator 26 is formed by the screw shank. To the screw shaft 26, a screw thread 40 is arranged, which engages in an associated with the base 4 mating thread 42nd Each clamping device 24 thereby comprises a base body 44 with a bolt hole 46 in which the counter-thread 42 of the adjusting screw 38 is arranged.

p0029The base pin 44 is pivotally connected to the longitudinal axis 48 to the base body. 4

p0030The clamping device 24 comprises in each case one is arranged on the screw shank 26 limit barrier 50, the positioning 26 defines a screwing of the screw shank in the base body bolt 44th The limiting barrier 50 is formed by a turned on the screw thread 40 and the nut 50a associated therewith locknut 50b. In the closed position 14 the limit barrier 50 strikes the base body bolt 44 and thus prevents a further screwing of the screw shank 26 in the basic body bolts 44th

p0031The clamping device 24 also has a respective opening lock 52, which is arranged on the screw head 22 the opposite end of the screw shank 26 and is also formed in the embodiment of a cranked onto the screw thread 40 nut 52a as well as associated therewith lock nut 52b. The opening lock 52 limits a further unscrewing of the screw shaft 26 of the counter-thread 42, in which the opening 52 barrier strikes the body bolts 44 in the course of unscrewing.

p0032<figref idrefs="f0003">FIGS. 3 and 4</figref> show another formwork invention 2, which basically corresponds to the embodiment described above, the fastener assembly 18 but modified. The clamping devices 24 each have a traction element 54 which is disposed between the actuator 26 and the operating member 22nd The traction elements 54 of the clamping devices 24 of two opposing side portions 8 of the form 2 terminate at a common actuator 22 and are connected to power this respectively.<figref idrefs="f0003">Fig. 3</figref> shows the casing 2 with side elements 8 in the open position 12. By operation of the operating element 22 in the form of a rotation about its rotation axis 56, the side members 8 indirectly via the tension elements 54 and spring elements 20 to which the tension elements 54 each act, in their closed position 14 will be convicted in <figref idrefs="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> is shown. The tension elements 54 are rigid in the embodiment, so that this movement process can also be carried out vice versa and the side members 8 by operation of the actuating element 8 can be pushed into the opening position 12, 22 via the tension elements 54 of the closed position 14 of the side elements. For this purpose, a respective pressure stop 58 is arranged on the actuator 26, the 54 acts in a pushing movement of the tension element on the side member bolt 30th

p0033The side elements 8 shown in the figures each comprise a casing wall 60 and these form wall 60 retaining wall bracket 62. The formwork 16 is in this case the underside of the formwork bottom 6 and overleaf bounded by the shuttering 60 regions.