Disposable, pre-sterilized fluid receptacle sampling device

Field

0001In general, the present invention is directed to a fluid sampling device, and in particular, to a fluid sampling device having a configuration amenable to "single-use disposability", while still enabling good aseptic sampling.

Background

0002When conducting complex and/or delicate fluid processes within a "closed" fluid receptacle, to monitor the progress of the process, it is often desirable to withdraw and analyze samples of the fluid without disturbing the process, such as may occur upon "opening" the receptacle. For example, in the study and/or manufacture of biochemical products (e.g., biopharmaceuticals), biochemical fluid is often contained in an aseptically "closed" fermenting tank, bioreactor, or like fluid receptacle, wherein the fluid is processed over comparatively long periods of time, under diverse and changing chemical and environmental conditions. By withdrawing and analyzing samples of the fluid intermittently in the course of the process, one can learn more about the progress of the process, and if called for, take prophylactic measures to change the outcome thereof.

0003Similar issues arise also in instances wherein fluid is conducted through a conduit, or a pipe, or other like fluid receptacle. Sampling of said fluid is often difficult because in many industrial systems, said receptacles are not easily opened or disassembled to allow one to withdraw fluid samples, especially in a sterile manner.

0004While several fluid sampling techniques are known, certain technical issues can be noted. For example, certain integrated fluid sampling fixtures comprise stainless steel valves and piping which, for biopharmaceutical applications, often require laborious steam sterilization and cleaning prior to use (See e.g., <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="US5948998A"><text>US 5,948,998 A, issued to L.D. Witte et al. on September 7, 1999</text></patcit>). Other fluid sampling devices are difficult to integrate into extant fluid processing systems, for example, by requiring the installation of custom-fitted ports onto a host fluid receptacle. (See e.g., <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="US6032543A"><text>US 6,032,543 A, issued to Nils Arthun et al. on March 7, 2000</text></patcit>). Still other devices, although adapted for use in standard industrial ports, are complex and costly instruments comprising valves, inlets, outlets, seals, needles, and other components, all precisely arranged, but capable of only a single aseptic sample per sterilization cycle (See e.g., <patcit id="pcit0003" dnum="US4669312A"><text>US 4,669,312 A, issued to Pio Meyer on June 2, 1987</text></patcit>). Finally, the majority of fluid sampling devices -- as is the case in many of those already mentioned -- require in their operation the piercing of a septum using a hypodermic needle. (See also, e.g., <patcit id="pcit0004" dnum="US4423641A"><text>US 4,423,641 A, issued to K. Ottung on January 1984</text></patcit>; and <patcit id="pcit0005" dnum="US2844964A"><text>US 2,844,964 A, issued to F.W. Guibert on July 29, 1958</text></patcit>) .

0005In light of the above, a need exists for a fluid sampling device that is sufficiently inexpensive in its construction to promote single-use disposability, capable of being used in standard industrial ports commonly found in fluid receptacles, and capable of several good sterile fluid sample withdrawals per sterilization cycle and/or prior to being exhausted.

0006<patcit id="pcit0006" dnum="US5375477A"><text>US 5375477 A</text></patcit> discloses a fluid sampling device where the sample gating means is located inside a main body. The device according is designed to be located intermediate of two bottle-like containers to selectively communicate the containers with each other.

0007<patcit id="pcit0007" dnum="US3633621A"><text>US 3633621 A</text></patcit> discloses a further fluid sampling device that is intended to redirect a flow of fluid from a central port to various peripheral ports by means of the U-shaped conduit means. The outlets of the sample conduits are disposed at the same end as the inlet.

0008<patcit id="pcit0008" dnum="EP0508749A"><text>EP 0508749 A</text></patcit> discloses a sampling valve where the sample gating means is located internal in the device in the form of a rotary element.

0009<patcit id="pcit0009" dnum="WO03090843A1"><text>WO 03/090843 A1</text></patcit> is a fluid sampling device in the form of a port insert. The device is a 1-to-1 sampling device and is therefore similar to a valve. The device has breaking-off means to prevent inadvertent opening of the device and to increase the opening force. The breaking-off means of some embodiments disclosed in the document are destroyed after opening to avoid multiple uses of the device.

Summary

0010The present invention provides a fluid sampling device as defined in claim 1. Preferred embodiments are defined in dependent claims. The present invention also provides a fluid sampling kit as defined in claim 5 including such fluid sampling device.

0011It is another aspect of the present invention to provide a kit containing in sterilized packaging the assembled, partially assembled, or unassembled components of a fluid sampling device, wherein all contained components are sterilized.

0012These and other aspect of the present invention can be better understood in view of the detailed description herein, read in conjunction with the attached drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

0013<ul id="ul0001" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li><figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref> schematically illustrates a fluid sampling device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the fluid sampling device 100 comprising a port insert 10, a plurality of flexible conduits 120, and a plurality of sample containers 130.</li><li><figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref> schematically illustrates an example of a port insert 10 (not according to the invention as claimed but used to explain certain aspects of the invention) suitable for incorporation, for example, into the fluid sampling device 100 shown in <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>.</li><li><figref idref="f0003">Figures 3, 3A, and 3B</figref> schematically illustrate a particular embodiment of a port insert 10 suitable for incorporation, for example, into the fluid sampling device shown in <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>.</li></ul>

Detailed Description

0014As illustrated in <figref idref="f0001">Figure 1</figref>, the fluid sampling device 100 of the present invention comprises, in general, a port insert 10, a plurality of flexible conduits 120, and a plurality of sample containers 130. When the port insert 10 is "plugged" into a host fluid receptacle (such as a bioreactor vessel or pipe), samples of fluid can be removed sequentially from the host fluid receptacle, and collected in individual sample containers, without substantially disturbing, corrupting, or otherwise affecting any ongoing fluid processes occurring within the host. Upon completion of said fluid processes, the spent (or partially spent) fluid sampling device 100 is removed, allowing comparatively easy replacement with a fresh unit prior to conducting another of said fluid processes.

0015The port insert 10 includes a plurality of shafts, each providing an avenue through which fluid can flow from the host fluid receptacle into one of said sample container 130. The port insert 10 further comprises sample gating means for individually opening and closing said shafts to control the flow of fluid therethrough. The sample gating means comprise single or multiple members displaceable between "open" and "closed" positions such that fluid can flow through said body through one of said shafts in said "open" position, but not in said "closed" position. Each individual elongate member is connected to (or otherwise in fluid communication with) a flexible conduit, which in turn, is connected to (or otherwise in fluid communication with) a sample container.

0016In operation, prior to being charged with fluid, a host fluid receptacle is cleaned, sterilized, and otherwise prepared for processing. The pre-sterilized fluid sampling device is installed into an existing port provided in the host and steam "sterilized-in-place". The fluid receptacle is then charged with the fluid, and fluid processing commences.

0017During the processing of the fluid, when a sample is desired for analysis, the sample gating means is displaced into an "open" position, whereupon fluid flows out of the host receptacle, through the active shaft, then through the attached fluid conduit, and ultimately into the sample container. After the desired quantity of fluid is collected, sample gating means is displaced into a "closed" position. The flexible conduit is then clamped off at two points, then severed between the two clamps, so that the captured sample can be removed for analysis. Preferably, a heat knife, flame, or the like, is used to both sever and seal the conduit simultaneously.

0018As the fluid process continues, if further samples are desired, another of the remaining unused shaft can be activated. This continues until all shafts are spent, or the fluid process ends. At the end of the fluid process, the fluid sampling device is removed, and disposed off in accordance with appropriate industrial practice. When the host receptacle is again needed for another processing operation, a fresh fluid sampling device is installed.

0019The fluid sampling device 100 is preferably made as a "single use" item. In this regard, it is "single use" in the sense that at the completion of the desired (or predetermined) number of fluid sampling operations, the device 100 can either be disposed (e.g., as is sometimes required by law after sampling certain environmentally-regulated substances) or partially recycled (e.g., after dispensing non-regulated substances).

0020An example of the port insert not according to the invention as claimed but used to explain certain aspects of the invention is shown in <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>. The port insert 10 therein comprises a monolithic body 20 and a plurality of elongate members 30. The body 20 - - preferably made of a monolithic elastomeric material -- is provided with shafts 26 therethrough connecting first open ends 24 with second open ends 22. The body is shaped to fit substantially water-tight within the host receptacle's port 5 -- much like a cork or plug or stopper -- and such that the first open ends 24 are facing inside the fluid receptacle 3i, with the second open ends 22 facing outside the fluid receptacle 3o.

0021In respect of materials and methods, the body 20 of the port insert 10 will generally be formed monolithically (i.e.,as a single, homogenous, unitary, unassembled piece) from polymeric material, for example, by well-known injection molding or like processes.

0022Examples of suitable polymeric material include, but are not limited to, polycarbonates, polyesters, nylons, PTFE resins and other fluoropolymers, acrylic and methacrylic resins and copolymers, polysulphones, polyethersulphones, polyaryl-sulphones, polystryenes, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, ABS and its alloys and blends, polyurethanes, thermoset polymers, polyolefins (e.g., low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and copolymers thereof), polypropylene and copolymers thereof, and metallocene generated polyolefins.

0023The body 20 should be formed in consideration of conditions likely to be encountered in the course of in situ steam sterilization. The temperature and pressure of such sterilization is typically about 121°C and 1 bar above atmospheric pressure. The use of temperatures and pressures up to and in excess of 142°C and 3 bars is not too uncommon.

0024To accommodate easy installation of the fluid sampling device into the host receptacles, the port insert should be substantially cylindrical in shape and have an external diameter of about.985 inch (2.5 cm.) In the biopharmaceutical field, such configuration will allow the fluid sampling device 10 to be installed, without further custom engineering, into several commercially-available types of bioreactors, that already contain ports (e.g., so-called "Ingold Ports") of such dimensions, and which are currently used for probes and other sensors.

0025Each of the elongate members 30 are monolithic and rigid, and has a front 30A and a back 30B. They are shaped to fit substantially water-tight within said shaft 26 such that the front thereof 30Ais proximate the first open end 24 and the back thereof 30Bis proximate the second open end 22. Each elongate member 30 is movable within said shaft 26 from a closed position P1to an open position P2, such that the release of fluid out of said fluid receptacle through said port insert 10 is frustrated when the elongate member 30 occupies the closed position P1and enabled when the elongate member 30 occupies the open position P2.

0026In a desirable variant, four elongate members, each having a length equal to or slightly greater than 1.600 inch (4.064 cm), are provided on the port insert 10. As shown in <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>, each elongate member 30 is preferably configured as a hollow tube with a fluid passage way running substantially the entire length front 30A to back 30B, culminating in openings 34 and 32 on both ends of the member. The opening(s) 34 on the front end 30A are "uncovered" or otherwise made accessible to fluid only when the elongate member is moved into its "open" position P2.

0027Although port insert 10 is structured to fit snugly within host port, to prevent it from being popped into or out of the port during use, additional mechanical restraints are highly desirable. As shown in <figref idref="f0002">Fig. 2</figref>, this is accomplished by means of a threaded collar 40 that engages with and holds an annular lip 45 provided on the port insert when said collar 40 is screwed into port 5. Other mechanical restraints - such as clamps, screws, bolts, or mated interlocking parts -- are known in the art. The mechanical restraints are preferably temporary mechanical devices that allow easy removal and disposal of spent devices.

0028As an alternative to a sample gating means comprising multiple elongate members, the present invention concerns a port insert comprising a single displaceable member that, by itself, functions to selectively and individually "open" and "close" each shaft provided in the port insert. A representative embodiment of such sample gating means is presented in <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>.

0029In <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>, the alternative port 10 comprises (a) a body 20 having a plurality of shafts 26 therethrough and (b) a rotatably displaceable member 36. Rotatably displaceable member 36 is provided with a passage 38 which can be selectively rotated into alignment with any of the shaft openings 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d disposed on body 20. When the passage 38 and an opening are aligned, fluid sample can flow through the port insert 10 through the respectively selected shaft.

0030In practice -- in contrast to the schematic nature of <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 3</figref> -- both the passage 38 and member 36 should be structurally configured to optimize fluid flow, for example, by streamlining these parts to minimize so-called "dead spaces". Such configurations will vary among different applications. Regardless, suitable flow optimizing strategies are well known in the art.

0031The rotatably displaceable member 36 can be rotated by means of an integrated handle (partially shown in <figref idref="f0003">Figure 3</figref>) that extends through and past the body 20. Where appropriate, the handle should extend sufficiently far from the body 20 to provide sufficient clearance for conduits to be connected to barbs 70, and thereby discourage potential restriction to flow resultant of pinching and/or extreme bending of the conduits.

0032As an alternative to an integrated handle, one can also employ a separate tool (e.g., an Allen wrench or screwdriver) to turn the rotatably displaceable member 36. For such instance, the rotatably displaceable member is configured with an appropriate tool engaging structure (e.g., slots, nuts, bolts, etc.).

0033Preferably, the rotatably displaceable member 36 should be capable of rotation in a single direction only, i.e., either clockwise or counter-clockwise, and such that alignment in any of the achievable "closed" or "open" positions, respective of said shafts, are definitively and discretely defined. Means should also be provided to prevent the member 36 from being rotated back into alignment with any spent shafts.

0034As shown schematically, in <figref idref="f0003">Figures 3A and 3B</figref>, discrete positions can be defined by using corresponding interlocking structures 62 and P1/P2 provided respectively on rotatably displaceable member 36 and monolithic body 20. When structure 62 (e.g., a tab) is engaged with structure P1 (e.g., a slot), passage 38 is aligned definitively with opening 24a. Thus, the shaft 26 corresponding to opening 24a is "open" and "active", and the shafts corresponding to openings 24b, 24c, and 24d are "closed" and "inactive". After the desired volume of sample fluid has flown through the "active" shaft, it is then closed by rotating the member 36 such that structure 62 engages with structure P2 (e.g., another slot). In this position, passage 38 is not aligned with any of openings 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d, and thus, all shafts correspondent therewith are "closed" and "inactive". When desired, the remaining unused shafts can be "opened" and "closed" sequentially in the same manner. Those skilled in the art will know of suitable configurations of a ratchet-like configuration that can render member 36 rotatable in one direction only, as well as prevent it from being rotated more than one time around (e.g., a brake or other physical obstruction).

0035To further assist manual rotation and alignment, graphical, textual, or otherwise informative indicia or structures (e.g., a pointer in combination with symbolic icons) can be integrated into or otherwise provided on, for example, the handle, the body 20, or both, to inform a user of the current position of rotatably displaceable member 36. Likewise, the interlocking structures (e.g., 38, P1, and P2) can also be configured to provide an audible (e.g., clicking) or frictional (e.g., variable resistance) clue to a user during rotation indicative of the displacement and/or position of the rotatably displaceable member 36.

0036As mentioned, the sample containers used for the present invention are preferably flexible bags, particularly so when the fluid sampling device is intended for use in biopharmaceutical applications or like applications that have comparatively high aseptic requirements. Unlike many conventional sampling devices, the fluid sampling device 100 of the present invention does not rely on valves, pumps, and like extrinsic mechanisms to promote, urge, facilitate, or otherwise affect the flow of sample liquid out of the host fluid receptacle 5 into an available sample container 130. Rather, fluid flows through the aseptically-isolated flow path of the device 100 by a combination of ambient gravitational forces and the extant pressurization of the host fluid receptacle. Initially provided in a collapsed or partially-collapsed state, the flexible bag (or functionally-equivalent expansible fluid container) expands, decompresses, or otherwise "fills-out" as withdrawn sample fluid flows thereinto.

0037Although the use of a flexible, bag-like sample container 130 is preferred, a rigid sample container can also be used without departing from objectives of the present invention. For example, the sample container can be configured as a spacious, rigid box, bulb, vial, or bottle. A vent -- preferably of modest construction can be provided to permit the displacement of contained gas as sample fluid flows thereinto.

0038One type of vent (not shown) that can be implemented with little cost, yet still provide good aseptic functionality, is constructed by "patching" and opening the rigid container (i.e., above the expected fluid fill level thereof) with a gas permeable sheet of fluoropolymer membrane (e.g., "Gore-Tex"-brand membrane available from W.L. Gore and Associates of Wilmington, Delaware) or a substantially gas permeable sheet of polyethylene fiber (e.g., "Tyvek"-brand material available from E.I. du Pont de Nemours, Inc. of Wilmington, Delaware).

0039As an alternative to complete rigidity, it is envisioned that a sample container comprise rigid side walls that bend and flex along folds or creases or crumple zones, and the like, such that the sample container is capable of collapsing or otherwise diminishing its volume. Examples of collapsible rigid configurations include accordion-like configurations, bellows-like configurations, and other configurations having pleated side walls.

0040The mechanisms underlying the operation of the fluid sampling device 100 call for a certain rigidity in the configuration of elongate members 30. Aside from durability, the rigidity allows the members to be pushed through the shaft into their open positions with sufficient and appropriate force to overcome the frictional forces that create the liquid tight seal, without the elongate member flexing, bending, crumpling, or otherwise deforming, such circumstances potentially leading to sampling failures, and/or more catastrophically, breach of extant sterile conditions.

0041Because several rigid members 30 are provided through the port insert 10, physical space immediately outside the insert will likely be cramped, and may not accommodate sample containers large enough to collect the volumes of fluid desired. Hence, the sample containers are placed further geographically downstream of the elongate members 130, with lengths of flexible conduit material 120 provided therebetween.

0042Although a flexible conduit and a flexible bag-like sample container can be formed as one component, in all likelihood, the conduits 120 and elongate members 30 -- owing to their differing preferred material composition -- are formed separately and later assembled. For example, in one embodiment, conduits 120 are made of flexible elastomeric material, whereas elongate members 30 are made of high-impact, rigid polymeric material. In such and like instances, the back end 30Bof each rigid elongate member 30 can be provided with means for securely attaching the flexible conduit, such as the barbed end 70 shown in <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref>.

0043In the preferred configuration, means should be provided to prevent the elongate means from being prematurely moved into its open position, as well as prevent it from being moved too far past its open and/or closed positions. While such means will vary depending on the ultimate configuration of the fluid sampling device, the example represented in <figref idref="f0002">Figure 2</figref> illustrates certain examples thereof. For example, anchor 50 is provided to prevent the elongate member 30 from being pushed into its open position P2prematurely. When sampling is commenced, the anchor 50 can be moved into a position in which it no longer impedes the transit of the member 30 through the shaft. When pushed in, block 60 prevents the member from being pushed in too far. A cap 24 can also be provided on the front 30A of member 30 to -- in addition to creating a liquid tight seal -- prevent the member 30 from being pulled out.

0044For applications having comparatively strict sterility requirements (e.g., biopharmaceutical applications), the present invention is preferably embodied in kit form, comprising, enclosed within sterile packaging, the following principal kit contents: (a) a pre-sterilized port insert constructed in accordance with any embodiment described and/or otherwise enabled herein; (b) a supply of pre-sterilized flexible tubing, preferably "pre-cut to length", connected or connectable to the elongate members of said port insert; and (c) a supply of pre-sterilized sample containers connected or connectable to said flexible tubing, the pre-sterilized sample containers also constructed in accordance with any embodiment described and/or otherwise enabled herein. It is preferred that the kit be pre-assembled and then sterilized in its bag or container, using well known means such as gamma radiation, ethylene oxide gas, and the like.

0045The provision of the present invention in kit form advances certain objectives either not possible or difficult to accomplish otherwise. Foremost, the kit assures that all its contents are pre-sterilized, and essentially remain so until use. Further, ease of installation, assembly, and operation are improved since all kit contents are preselected, pre-sized, and pre-matched to assure proper fit and assembly. And, along similar lines, a kit-based approach promotes standardization of the kit's contents, as well as their manufacture and packaging, leading to reduced product costs, fostering the product's "disposability", and broadening the accessibility of the technology to the public.

0046Optionally, the kit may also contain, for example, means for locking the port insert within the port provided on a host fluid receptacle (e.g., collar 40); accessories and other means used for assembling the fluid sampling device (e.g., clamps, connectors, junctions, manifolds, and the like); means for mounting, fixing, and/or positioning the assembled fluid sampling device relative to the host receptacle (e.g., adhesive strips, fasteners, brackets, and the like); and a disposal bag for disposing a spent fluid sampling device. These and other optional kit contents, if included, are all sterilized in their packaging. Both the principal and optional kit contents can be provided, if desired, individually or collectively wrapped (i.e., in groups) within said sterile packaging, thus providing additional sterile barriers.