Method of interpolating channel quality

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

0001The present invention relates to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to a method of interpolating channel quality in wireless communication systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

0002Publication "Delay on Control Information for DS-DSCH" (TSG-RAN Working Group 1 Meeting #17, 22.11.2000-24.11.2000, Stockholm, Sweden) discloses a method comprising the features of the preamble of claim 1, and relates in particular to a delay compensation mechanism using downlink transmission power control commands.

0003As to High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), user equipment (UE) reports the measured channel quality of High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-PDSCH) to the Media Access Control-high speed (MAC-hs) functional entity of node B. According to the reported channel quality, the MAC-hs functional entity selects the next data transmission format (e.g. the size of data blocks, modulation format, the number of HS-PDSCH channel codes, etc.) and performs the downlink channel power control.

0004The period the UE reporting the channel quality is determined by Radio Network Controller (RNC). In general, the period is 1-80 HSDPA Transmission Time Intervals (TTI), one HSDPA TTI is 2ms. However, due to transmitting and processing delay, the channel quality the MAC-hs receives is not the real reflection of the current downlink channel quality, seeing as the downlink channel often undergoes changes caused by fading, hindering, interfering and the like. In particular, when the period for reporting the channel quality is relatively long, if the MAC-hs directly employs the channel quality reported by the UE to perform user scheduling, data transmission format selecting and power controlling, then resources of the system cannot be utilized fully and effectively.

0005In order to enable the MAC-hs to track channel changes in real time to implement link adaptation better, it can be considered using Fast Power Control (TPC) information to interpolate channel quality, since the uplink Dedicated Control Channel (DPCCH) uploads the TPC information per time slot. Generally, the interval between time slots is 2/3ms, and the TPC information usually reflects the changing trend of adjacent time slots of downlink channel.

0006In some cases (for instance, the bad uplink Dedicated Control Channel quality results in TPC decoding errors; the fact that inner loop power control fails to keep the track when UE is moving at a high speed, leads to errors in TPC; and UE is in a soft-handoff state), however, the TPC information is not correlated with the change trends of the downlink channel HS-PDSCH. If the interpolating using TPC information is still employed to obtain channel quality, then negative effects will be produced, let alone benefits.

0007The document "TSG R1#17(00)1378" disclosed during the meeting "TSG-RAN Working Group 1 meeting #17, Stockholm, Sweden, November 21-24, 2000" proposed a method of obtaining real-time channel quality by interpolating using fast power control information TPC and downlink channel signal noise rate SNR reported by UE.

0008However, the document "TSG R1 # 19(01)0231" disclosed during the meeting "TSG-RAN Working Group 1 meeting #19, Las Vegas, NV, USA, February 27-March 2, 2001" pointed out that the aforesaid method of obtaining real-time channel quality by interpolating using fast power control information TPC and downlink channel SNR reported by UE cannot achieve good results during soft handoff and hence, suggested stopping interpolating at that time. Since only RNC knows whether the UE is in the soft-handoff state, whether or not to interpolate channel quality rests upon the RNC's notification. This leads to signaling overhead between node B and RNC, and needs to modify the existing protocols.

0009Therefore there is a need for a method capable of carrying out reliable channel quality interpolating.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

0010In order to address the above-mentioned problem, the present invention proposes a method of claim 1.

0011The preferred embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.

0012According to the present invention, the node B can acquire reliable downlink channel quality information at real time, and thus schedule the users within the cell more reasonably, select the data transport format and control the power more accurately. Thus, the quality of service of the users and the utilization efficiency of the system resources are improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON THE DRAWINGS

0013<ul id="ul0001" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li><figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication network according to the present invention;</li><li><figref idref="f0001">Fig. 2</figref> shows a schematic diagram of node B according to the present invention; and</li><li><figref idref="f0002">Fig. 3</figref> shows a flow chart of an embodiment according to the present invention.</li></ul>

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

0014Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

0015For the purpose of convenience, here, description is made by taking HSDPA for example. However, the present invention is not limited to HSDPA, like systems that adopt channel quality reports and fast power control can also implement the present invention.

0016<figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication network according to the present invention. It comprises user equipments 111, 112, ..., 11N, a node B 12 and a RNC 13. Said user equipments 111, 112, ..., 11N communicates via an air interface 14 with said node B 12, and said node B 12 communicates via a line 15 with said RNC 13.

0017<figref idref="f0001">Fig. 2</figref> shows a schematic diagram of node B according to the present invention. As shown in <figref idref="f0001">figure 2</figref>, said node B comprises: receiving means 21, for receiving corresponding information from said user equipments 111, 112, ..., 11N; processing means 22, for interpolating the channel quality; storage means 23, for storing the corresponding information used for interpolating the channel quality; and accumulating counters 241, 242, ..., 24N, in which said accumulating counter 241 corresponds to the first user equipment 111, said accumulating counter 242 corresponds to the second user equipment 112, ..., and said accumulating counter 24N corresponds to the Nth user equipment 11N.

0018As described above, said RNC 13 determines the period said user equipments 111, 112, ..., 11N report the channel quality and notifies the period to said user equipments 111, 112, ..., 11N and said node B. In general, the period is 1-80 HSDPA TTIs, one HSDPA TTI is 2ms. Hereinafter, the channel quality is represented as CQI with a view of convenience. During the reporting period of each CQI, said receiving means 21 of said node B receives from each of said user equipments 111, 112, ..., 11N a new CQI respectively, which is represented as CQI_report for the purpose of convenience. During one CQI reporting period, the CQI can be reported for 1-4 times. After said receiving means 21 of said node B 12 receives the CQI, the CQI is stored on said storage means 23 via said processing means 22.

0019According to one embodiment of the present invention, during the corresponding CQI period, after a user equipment reports the first CQI to said node B, said receiving means 21 of said node B sends the received corresponding TPC to the accumulating counter corresponding to said user equipment for recording all the TPC. For the purpose of convenience, all the TPC information is represented as TPC_Count. Then, said processing means 22 stores the TPC_Count on said storage means 23.

0020According to one embodiment of the present invention, the TPC is recorded once per time slot. When a new CQI period starts, said processing means 22 resets the accumulating counter. Each accumulating counter can be increasing and decreasing, when TPC=1, the accumulating counter is increased by one, and when TPC = 0, the accumulating counter is decreased by one.

0021<figref idref="f0002">Fig. 3</figref> shows a flow chart of an embodiment according to the present invention.

0022First, in step 31, said processing means 22 computes an estimated CQI, or CQI', based on the CQI_report and the TPC_Count stored on said storage means 23: <maths id="math0001" num=""><math display="block"><mtable columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><msup><mrow><mspace width="2em" /><mi>CQI</mi></mrow><mo>′</mo></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mi>CQI_report</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mfenced separators=""><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mfenced><mo>+</mo><mi>Power_Control_stepsize</mi><mo>×</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>TPC_Count</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mfenced separators=""><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mfenced></mtd></mtr></mtable></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0001.tif" /></maths>

0023Here, n represents the nth period of CQI; CQI_report(n-1) represents the CQI of the (n-1)th period reported by a user equipment; Power_Control_stepsize represents the power control step size, i.e. the maximum range of each power adjustment, which is determined by the RNC and notified to said node B; and TPC_Count(n-1) represents the accumulation of all the TPCs within the (n-1)th CQI period.

0024Upon receipt of the new CQI reported by a user equipment, the flow goes to step 32.

0025In step 32, said processing means 22 computes the difference Δ(n) between the estimated CQI using the above expression and the reported CQI: <maths id="math0002" num=""><math display="block"><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mi>CQI_report</mi><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>CQI</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0002.tif" /></maths> wherein, Δ (n) represents the difference between the reported CQI and the estimated CQI, and CQI_report(n) represents the CQI of the nth period reported by a user equipment.

0026Moreover, said processing means 22 stores the difference on said storage means 23.

0027Next, the flow goes to step 33. In step 33, said processing means 22 performs weight processing on Δ(n) by using the differences Δ(n-1), Δ(n-2), Δ(n-3), ... between the CQIs reported and the CQI estimated of the (n-1) th, (n-2) th, (n-3)th, ... periods, stored on said storage means 23, to obtain the weighted △(n), namely △'(n).Where △(n-1)=CQI_report(n-1)-CQI' (n-1), △(n-2)=CQI_report(n-2)-CQI'(n-2), and the rest is reasoned out by analogy.

0028The weight processing on △(n) serves the purpose of abating the effect of bad results of certain periods on the results of interpolating of subsequent periods as much as possible through processing the differences between CQI_report and the estimated CQI of several CQI periods.

0029According to one embodiment of the present invention, <maths id="math0003" num=""><math display="block"><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mi>sqrt</mi><mfenced open="{" close="}" separators=""><mfenced separators=""><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi></mfenced><mo>⁢</mo><mfenced open="[" close="]" separators=""><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>+</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>⁢</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>⁢</mo><mfenced separators=""><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mfenced><mo>+</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>⁢</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>⁢</mo><mfenced separators=""><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></mfenced><mo>+</mo><mn>...</mn></mfenced></mfenced></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0003.tif" /></maths> wherein sqrt represents extraction of square root on { (1-b) [Δ² (n)+b²Δ²(n-1) +b³Δ² (n-2) +...]}, and b can be any value between 0 and 1.

0030Of course, those skilled in the art should understand that the above weight processing on Δ(n) is merely exemplary, and other embodiments can be employed to perform weight processing on Δ(n).

0031After the weight processing on △(n), the flow goes to step 34. In step 34, said processing means 22 maps Δ'(n) to obtain a confidence parameter a(n).

0032Theoretically, to enable the inner loop power control to keep track of the changes of channel power in a fade environment, suppose the duration of one frame is 10ms, each frame has 15 time slots each containing the TPC information and being capable of performing power control once, then the maximum range of channel power changes within one frame should not exceed: <maths id="math0004" num=""><math display="block"><mtable columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em" /><mi>Max_Power_Change</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>±</mo><mi>Power_Control_stepsize</mi><mo>×</mo><mn>1500</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>10</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0004.tif" /></maths> wherein Power_Control_stepsize represents the power control step size determined by RNC. When Power_Control_stepsize=0.5dB, according to above equation, then the maximum range of power changes the inner loop power control can keep track is 7.5dB.

0033If the TPC information is no longer correlated with channel changes because of interference, speedy movement of a user, soft handoff and other factors, then the inner loop power control process cannot correctly keep track of changes of channel power, and the error between them may possibly reach 7.5dB (when the adjustment direction the power control requests is totally opposite to the actual change direction of channel, it may amount to 15dB theoretically).

0034According to one embodiment of the present invention, the period of CQI is five HSDPA TTIs, i.e. 10ms, the adjustment range B of the inner loop power control equals 7.5dB, and mapping with respect to Δ' (n) is: <maths id="math0005" num=""><math display="block"><mi>Whe</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mspace width="1em" /><mrow><mo>|</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>|</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>7.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace width="1em" /><mi mathvariant="normal">λ</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>|</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>|</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>7.5</mn></mrow></mrow><mo>;</mo></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0005.tif" /></maths><maths id="math0006" num=""><math display="block"><mi>Whe</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mspace width="1em" /><mrow><mo>|</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mfenced><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mfenced><mo>|</mo><mo>≥</mo><mn>7.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace width="1em" /><mi mathvariant="normal">λ</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></mrow><mn>.</mn></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0006.tif" /></maths>

0035And the relationship between λ(n) and the confidence parameter a(n) is: a(n)=1-λ(n).

0036Of course, those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiment of mapping Δ' (n) is merely exemplary. The period of CQI may be either less or more than 10ms, and the adjustment range B of the inner loop power control is determined by the CQI period and the power control step size Power_Control_stepsize notified by RNC during link establishing. Mapping between Δ' (n) and λ (n) can be implemented by other embodiments.

0037After mapping, the flow goes to step 35, in which CQI is interpolated.

0038According to one embodiment of the present invention, CQI is interpolated in accordance with the following formula: <maths id="math0007" num=""><math display="block"><mtable columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em" /><mi>CQI_interpolated</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>CQI_report</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>Power_Control</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>_stepsize</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>TPC_Count</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>)</mo><mn>.</mn></mrow></mtd></mtr></mtable></math><img file="EP1633073B1_D0007.tif" /></maths>

0039Wherein, CQI_interpolated(n,m) represents the channel quality obtained after interpolating at the mth TTI within the nth period, CQI_report(n) represents the channel quality of the nth period reported by a user equipment, a(n) represents the confidence parameter of the nth period, Power_Control_stepsize represents the power control step size reported by RNC to node B, and TPC_Count(n,m) represents the accumulating of all the TPC information starting from the first TTI to the mth TTI during the nth channel quality reporting period.

0040a(n)=1 represents that the TPC information can track changes of the CQI reliably, and then the CQI can directly be modified using the power change value of the downlink dedicated channel; a(n)=0 represents that the TPC is completely irrelevant to the changes of the CQI, and then interpolating should be stopped, it should directly use the reported CQI; when a(n) is between 0 and 1, it represents that the TPC is correlated with the changes of CQI in a way.

0041According to this embodiment, the computation of Δ(n) is performed once per CQI period, n represents the nth period of CQI; interpolation is performed once per TTI, m represents the number of TTIs during one CQI period; and accumulation of TPC is performed once per time slot.

0042Of course, those skilled in the art should appreciate that the above embodiments of interpolating are merely exemplary, and other embodiments can be employed to perform CQI interpolating.