Cleaning device for a combine

0001The inventions relates to a method and an apparatus for depositing at least one crop material on conveying and cleaning members of a Combine harvester according to the preambles of claims 1 and 10. FIG.

0002DE 101 11 531 an oscillating sieve for a combine is known become. The screen consists of two relative to the direction of forward travel of the Combine harvester laterally arranged side by side in a plane part sieves. Each Sieve element is of a frame and mounted therein, adjustable slats educated. Each component screen is a separate adjustment associated with the Lamellae of sieve elements separated from each other can be adjusted so that the Hang in driving the combine in uneven layer height to the part seven subsidized crop is perfectly cleaned. In each case one below each sieve element arranged sensor detects the separation of grain and non-grain components on the component screen. In addition, an inclination sensor is arranged on the combine. The from the sensors generated signals are of a suitable control or fed control, which controls the adjustment of each sieve element separated that for each component screen to optimize the separation and purity is achieved.

0003A disadvantage of this device is that the screen of a large number side by side disposed portion Seven must exist in order for each portion of the screen surface optimal adjustment. Come a plurality of sub screens for Use it, according to a lot of screen surface by the frame of the sieve elements lost, Moreover, at the same time increases with the number of sub-screens, the number of required Actuators. The construction is thus correspondingly more complex the more Component screens are provided.

0004The invention is therefore based on the object, a method and apparatus create, the efficient cleaning of a crop flow even in an inclined position allows the handling and cleaning elements with low losses.

0005This object is achieved according to the characterizing features of Claims 1 and 10 is released. Other beneficial effects of The subject invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

0006The fact that the lateral vibration of the conveying and cleaning member in Depending on the cross-deposition of the crop material flow is changeable, the Direction of movement of the crop material flow on the conveyor and cleaning members and so that the distribution of material of the harvested crop on the handling and cleaning member be taken into account when setting the transverse vibration, which ultimately leads to a more efficient cleaning of the crop leads.

0007The cross-deposition is advantageously at one or more of the seven Conveying and cleaning organ by determined one or more sensors, wherein the sensors transverse to the crop flow of the crop along the working width of the Conveying and cleaning member are arranged so that the cross-deposition for each screening plane can be determined separately.

0008Characterized in that the transverse vibration in dependence on the cross-deposition is regulated, the transverse vibration of the conveying and cleaning member directly dependent on the result of the carried out cross-deposition of the crop.

0009A particularly advantageous embodiment of the inventive method results when the lateral vibration in function of the inclination of the combine harvester pre-regulated and then fine-tuned depending on the lateral separation becomes. This method proves to be, for example, when harvesting on slopes and at the turning end of the field to be advantageous since the inclinations of the slope Combine with a return trip nearly equal and opposite are and the tendency to short during the turn of the combine within Time changes constantly.

0010A particularly simple embodiment of the inventive method arises, if the sensors grains currents in the screens of the incentive and detect cleaning organ, since this is representative of the Abscheideffektivität the conveying and the cleaning member are provided.

0011By the grains currents are measured in a range of screens in which the Material distribution of the crop over the width of the screens has already taken place, may in this area of ​​the screen, the result of the completed distribution of material be determined.

0012A simple embodiment of the inventive method results when the Grains streams a Abscheidekurve is assigned to the cross-deposition equivalent.

0013In a first embodiment of the inventive process takes place Adjusting the lateral vibration of the conveying and cleaning member automatically, that the operator is not additionally loaded.

0014In a second embodiment of the inventive method a message is to if the operator of the combine to change the lateral oscillation, so that it is at the discretion of the operator, the Note accordingly to control lateral vibration.

0015A particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention results when the combine at least a grain flow measuring device for Determining the lateral deposition of the crop material flow and a control unit for Controlling the lateral vibration comprises, control the transverse oscillation in Depending on the cross-regulates deposition.

0016Advantageously, the grain flow measuring means comprises a plurality Pulse density sensors, so that only the grains contained in the crop stream can be detected without the grains previously by the non-grain components separate.

0017Because these are the pulse density pinantennas, the crop stream is in the combine is not disturbed and the pulse density reached for further Processing utilizable measure.

0018Thus, the grain flows can be measured continuously, generate Pinantennas grain flow signals substantially proportional to the Grains streams are.

0019By the slope of the combine on at least one is detected slope sensor, which generates a bank signal in is substantially proportional to the inclination of the conveying and cleaning device, the influence of the inclination determined in the cross-deposition and at the Control of lateral vibration are considered.

0020A particularly simple control of the lateral vibration is carried out on the nature and Manner that the control unit in dependence on the cross-deposition, a Command signal generated by the transverse vibration of the conveyor and Cleaning member controlled so that the cross-deposition is constant.

0021An advantageous control of the lateral vibration is obtained when the control unit depending on the slope of the combine on a Transverse vibration setpoint preset and then at approximately constant slope as a function of cross-depositing a Command signal generated by the transverse vibration of the conveyor and is cleaning organ finely adjusted so that the cross-deposition is constant.

0022Thus overloading the cleaning device on slopes ride on steep slopes can be ruled out, the conveying and cleaning device of a will Top wire and a bottom wire formed with adjustable screen openings are provided, wherein the screen openings as a function of the cross-deposition be set via actuators.

0023If the grain flow measuring device in a tailings area of ​​upper sieve is arranged below the upper sieve, the grains can with current measuring device in addition to the cross-deposition also passed through the top wire Grains amount of material passing to determine which part of the Threshing again supplied Überkehrerntegutmenge is.

0024If the grain flow measuring device at the end of upper sieve below the Upper sieve is arranged in addition to the grain flow measuring device for Cross deposition also emerging from the cleaning device in essentially of grains existing sieving loss are measured, the in the rear region of the combine is ejected.

0025If the grain flow measuring device at the end of the lower sieve below the Bottom wire is arranged in addition to the grain flow measuring device for Cross deposition also an amount of grain in a Überkehrerntegutmenge be determined which is fed to the threshing again.

0026Further advantageous embodiments are subject matter of further dependent claims and are of an exemplary embodiment illustrated in several figures described.

0027Show it:<dl tsize="5"><dt>Fig.1</dt><dd>a side view of a combine;</dd><dt>Fig.2</dt><dd>a schematic section of a rear view of a combine with the inventive device in a first embodiment;</dd><dt>Fig.3</dt><dd>a schematic section of a rear view of a combine with the inventive device in a second embodiment.</dd></dl>

0028In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1 is to be a self-propelled combine 1 with a so-called. 5 and a tangential a downstream straw walker 19. Below the tray-type shaker 19 There is a cleaning device 13. However, the invention is expressly not limited to such running of combine harvesters. The operation of such a combine harvester 1 is described below. The Crop 3 is first received by a header 2, the crop, the 3 an inclined conveyor 4 feeds. The inclined conveyor 4 passes the crop 3 in its rear region to the threshing 6, 7, 8 of the Tangentialdreschwerks. 5

0029At the entrance of Tangentialdreschwerks 5 is a Preacceleration 6, the crop flow in a threshing 7 is followed. Down side, the pre-acceleration 6 and Threshing drum 7 at least partially encased in a concave. 8

0030The light emerging from the inclined conveyor 3 by the crop 4 Preacceleration 6 recorded and of the threshing drum 7 by the formed between the threshing cylinder and concave 8 7 9 threshing drawn. The threshing edited 7 the crop 3 mechanically in that has resulted in grain-chaff mixture 11 is deposited on concave 8 and over a swinging driven grain pan 12 of the cleaning device 13 is supplied to the grains of the non-grain components, ie by Halm - and chaff parts to separate. From threshing mechanism 5 reaches the substantially of threshed stalks existing product flow 17 on the counter-clockwise rotating Turning drum 18 to the straw walkers 19, of the stream of material 17 into the promotes the rear region of the combine. 1 Here, the still Stream of material 17 contained grains 14 and any short straw 15 and chaff 16 separated by passing through the straw walker 19 to a Return pan 21 falls. The return pan 21 transports grains 14, short straw 15 and chaff 16 to prepare the ground 12. The grains 14, short straw 15 and the Chaff 16 ultimately reach also on the grain pan 12 in the Cleaning device. 13 The cleaning device 13 consists of a blower 23 and a as Screen box 24 running conveyor and cleaning member 20. The cleaning shoe 24 is of a top wire 25, a bottom wire 26 and the grains return pan 27 educated. The screen box 24 is connected by four links 28, at their ends Ball joints 29 are arranged approximately horizontally in all directions movably mounted in the combine. 1 schematically illustrated than two from the DE 199 08 696 known and therefore explained here in detail with each other coupled vibratory drives 30, the screen box 24 according to the Figures 1 and 2 simultaneously excited to longitudinal vibration L and a transverse oscillation Q.

0031The longitudinal vibration L accelerates the crop stream 14, 15, 16 opposed the direction of travel of the combine harvester 1 to him on the screens 25, 26 in the rear to promote the area of ​​the combine. 1 The transverse vibration Q (see Fig. 2) speeds up the flow of crop material 14, 15, 16 transverse to the direction of travel of the combine harvester 1, so that the slope in the drive of the combine 1 downslope geglittene will crop stream 14, 15, 16 uniformly distributed over the width of the sieves 25, 26th The longitudinal vibration and the transverse vibration Q L have different Resonant frequencies, a phase difference between the oscillation frequencies via a known per se and therefore explained here in detail is Phasenversatzverstelleinrichtung varied. In an integer ratio the resonant frequencies can be done by adjustment of the phase offset, the Transverse vibration Q be adjusted such that the direction of movement Crop material flow 14, 15, 16 changes on the sieves 25, 26th The deposition of the crop 14, 15, 16, that is, the separation of the grains 14 the short straw 15 and chaff 16 is done in such a way that through the screen openings 34, 35 in the top wire 25 and in the bottom wire 26 by the blower 23, an air flow is conveyed from bottom to top, in which the on the sieves 25, 26 loosens the rear of the combine harvester 1 out crop stream and for whereas the separation of the specifically lighter chaff and short-straw portions 15, 16 ensures, while the heavy crop grains 14 through the screen openings 34, 35 fall. The filters 25, 26 are partially superposed so that the Crop 14, 15, 16 is different finely sieved in two stages, the Screen openings 34, 35 of filters 25, 26 on actuators 57, 58 are adjustable. The Top wire 25 is generally carried out so that it, in its rear region the so-called tailings region 36, has a larger mesh size. Below the top wire 25 is in the tailings area 36 a in more detail later Grain flow measuring device 37 is arranged as described, the cross-deposition A (see FIG. 2) of through the screen openings 34 of the upper sieve 25 through fallen material passing 32 to determine. Below the first Grain flow measuring device 37, a second grain flow measuring device 38 be located at the end of lower sieve 26, which is a cross-deposition of a A on the bottom wire 26 supported screen overflow 40 and / or by the Screen openings 34 of the upper sieve 25 through fallen material passing 32 certainly. Furthermore, at the end of upper sieve 25, a third be arranged grain flow measuring device 39, with which the cross-deposition A determines a non through fallen through upper sieve 25 Siebverlusts 33 can be. The grain flow measuring devices 37, 38, 39 are each in a , 26 disposed area of ​​the screens 25, in which the distribution of the crop 14, 15, 16 to the entire width of the sieves 25, 26 by the transverse vibration of the Q Oscillating drive 30 is already done. In addition, on the combine harvester 1 is a transverse inclination sensor 41 is arranged on the at known manner, the bank of the combine 1 and thus the Bank of conveying and cleaning device 20 is sensed. The grain flow measuring devices 37, 38, 39 and the vibratory drive 30 are connected to a control unit 42, with which the transverse vibration of the Q Vibrating drive 30 described more fully below, depending on the manner in A cross-deposition is changeable. In the cab of the combine 1 a is connected to the Control unit 42 coupled with a display unit 43 and the control unit 42 coupled panel arranged.

00322 shows a section of a rear view of a combine harvester 1 in the Harvesting on slopes. Top and bottom wire 25, 26 are in the longitudinal direction of the Combine harvester 1 by boundaries 44, 45 in each case two Siebhälften 46, 47, 48, 49 split. Due to the inclined position of the combine 1 from slipping on the Seven 25, 26 subsidized crop 14, 15, 16 by gravity down the slope, leading to unequally distributed, shown schematically in the figure Gutverteilungen G of Crop 14, 15, 16 leads to the Siebhälften 46, 47, 48, 49th The uneven Distribution of material G caused in the high material layer thickness D low Separating effect on the crop 14, 15, 16 as compared to a region with low Material layer thickness E in which a high separation effect is achieved so that the Cleaning device 13 is not all work effectively. About the width of each Screen half 46, 47, 48, 49 this leads to a Imbalanced, in the figure 2 schematically illustrated cross deposition A, whose curve by Geometry of the associated distribution of material G is determined. goal of invention apparatus, it is, by the transverse vibration Q is a distributed evenly distribution of material G, that is, each a homogeneous material layer thickness across the width of screen half 46, 47, 48, 49 to reach the same size to a Separating effect leads, so that the cross-A deposition across the width of screen half 46, 47, 48, 49 is constant. Below the upper sieve 25 is a grain flow measuring device 37 is arranged, consisting of multiple pulse density sensors 50, wherein beneath each screen half 46, 47 of upper sieve 25, two pulse density sensors 50 transversely to the direction of travel of the combine harvester 1 are arranged. The pulse density sensors 50 is known per se and therefore here are not specified pinantennas 51, contained in the material passing 32 Grain flows 53, detect the 54th The probe sensors 51 produce by the Structure-borne sound upon impingement of the grains flows 53, 54 grain flow signals S1, S2, S3, S4, the proportional change to the grains streams 53, 54th The slope sensor 41 generates a tilt signal H, which is proportional to the Changing the inclination of the combine 1 changes on a slope. The grain flow signals produced by the bar sensors 51 S1, S2, S3, S4 and generated by the slope sensor 41 tilt signal H are at the Control unit 42 passed.

0033The control unit 42 assigns the grain flow signals S1, S2, a first in the Control unit 42 stored Abscheidekurve to q whose history Cross deposition A right screen half 47 of upper sieve 25 corresponds. Furthermore, the control unit assigns 42 the grain flow signals S3, S4, a second also in the control unit 42 stored Abscheidekurve to p, the course of which the cross deposition A left screen half 46 of upper sieve 25 corresponds. The Separating curves q, p, for example, by empirical test series have been determined, they give the grain throughput along the width of the Screen half at 46, 47th

0034In a first embodiment of the inventive method, the instantaneous Cross deposition A right screen half 47 of upper sieve 25 with the help of Abscheidekurve q displayed on the display unit 43rd The rising or falling Abscheidekurve q gives the operator an indication of a 52 Imbalanced Cross deposition A. The operator operates via the operating element the Phasenversatzverstelleinrichtung and adjusted with this the transverse vibration Q until on the display unit 43 a horizontal Abscheidekurve q appears that a constant cross deposition A represents.

0035In a second embodiment of the method regulates the Control unit 42, the transverse vibration Q instance automatically depending 25 of the cross-deposition A right screen half 47 of upper sieve The Control unit 42 generates a function of the cross-deposition A Control command signal M of the associated phase adjustment Oscillating drive 30 is passed. The phase adjuster adjusts the Transverse vibration Q of the conveying and cleaning member 20 depending on the Control command signal M, so that the transverse separation A is constant so.

0036In a third embodiment of the inventive method controls the Control unit 42, the transverse vibration Q of the conveying and cleaning member 20 automatically roughly before, depending on the inclination of the combine. 1 The Control unit 42 generates a function of the inclination signal H Command signal J with the transverse vibration Q of incentives and is the cleaning member 20 is preset to a transverse vibration setpoint 55, the is stored in a characteristic line 56 in the control unit 42nd Then regulates the Control unit 42 with an almost constant slope, the lateral vibration Q automatically depending on the cross-separation A of the right screen half 47 of upper sieve 25 after, said generated by the tilt signal H Command signal J is overridden. The overdrive is carried out automatically in Depending on at least one further parameter such as the Driving speed of the combine harvester 1. The control unit 42 generates in Depending on the cross-deposition A, a control command signal M with which the Transverse vibration Q of the conveyor and the cleaning member 20 is controlled so as that the cross-deposition A is constant. In a further embodiment of the method regulates the Control unit 42, the transverse vibration Q such that both the cross deposition A the right-hand screen half 47 of the upper sieve 25 and the transverse separation of the A left screen half 46 of upper sieve 25 are constant.

0037Fig. Figure 3 shows the rear view of a cleaning device 13 having a third Embodiment of the device according to the invention. In this device are among one another arranged Siebhälften 47, 49 of upper sieve 25 and the Lower sieve 26 in each case two bar sensors 51 is positioned so that the lateral distribution A right screen half 47 of upper sieve 25 and the transverse distribution of A including lying right screen half 49 of the lower sieve are determined 26th

0038When the screen openings 35 of the bottom wire 26 at a first setting Mesh sizes are, for example, wide open, the regulation of Transverse vibration Q is either a function of the transverse distribution A right Screen half 47 of upper sieve 25 or of the transverse distribution of A including lying right screen half 49 of the bottom wire 26 carried.

0039It is within the skill of an expert the described modify embodiments in a manner not shown, or in other use machine systems in order to achieve the effects described without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

0040<dl tsize="2" compact="compact"><dt>1</dt><dd>Harvester</dd><dt>2</dt><dd>Header</dd><dt>3</dt><dd>crop</dd><dt>4</dt><dd>feederhouse</dd><dt>5</dt><dd>a tangential</dd><dt>6</dt><dd>preacceleration</dd><dt>7</dt><dd>threshing</dd><dt>8th</dt><dd>concave</dd><dt>9</dt><dd>threshing</dd><dt>11</dt><dd>Grain chaff mixture</dd><dt>12</dt><dd>Teeing ground</dd><dt>13</dt><dd>cleaner</dd><dt>14</dt><dd>grains</dd><dt>15</dt><dd>handle sections</dd><dt>16</dt><dd>portions of chaff</dd><dt>17</dt><dd>material flow</dd><dt>18</dt><dd>beater</dd><dt>19</dt><dd>A straw walker</dd><dt>20</dt><dd>Conveying u. Cleaning member</dd><dt>21</dt><dd>Return pan</dd><dt>23</dt><dd>fan</dd><dt>24</dt><dd>screenbox</dd><dt>25</dt><dd>top wire</dd><dt>26</dt><dd>bottom wire</dd><dt>27</dt><dd>Grains return pan</dd><dt>28</dt><dd>handlebars</dd><dt>29</dt><dd>Ball joints</dd><dt>30</dt><dd>vibratory drive</dd><dt>32</dt><dd>Siebdürchgang</dd><dt>33</dt><dd>sieving loss</dd><dt>34</dt><dd>sieve opening</dd><dt>35</dt><dd>sieve opening</dd><dt>36</dt><dd>Tailings area</dd><dt>37</dt><dd>First grain flow measuring device</dd><dt>38</dt><dd>Second grain flow measuring device</dd><dt>39</dt><dd>Third grain flow measuring device</dd><dt>40</dt><dd>screen oversize</dd><dt>41</dt><dd>Slope sensor</dd><dt>42</dt><dd>control unit</dd><dt>43</dt><dd>display unit</dd><dt>44</dt><dd>limit</dd><dt>45</dt><dd>limit</dd><dt>46</dt><dd>screen half</dd><dt>47</dt><dd>screen half</dd><dt>48</dt><dd>screen half</dd><dt>49</dt><dd>screen half</dd><dt>50</dt><dd>Pulse density sensor</dd><dt>51</dt><dd>pinantennas</dd><dt>52</dt><dd>operator</dd><dt>53</dt><dd>grain flow</dd><dt>54</dt><dd>grain flow</dd><dt>55</dt><dd>Transverse vibration setpoint</dd><dt>56</dt><dd>characteristic</dd><dt>57</dt><dd>actuator</dd><dt>58</dt><dd>actuator</dd><dt>A</dt><dd>cross deposition</dd><dt>B</dt><dd>working width</dd><dt>D</dt><dd>high material layer thickness</dd><dt>e</dt><dd>small product layer thickness</dd><dt>G</dt><dd>distribution of material</dd><dt>H</dt><dd>Bank signal</dd><dt>J</dt><dd>Command signal </dd><dt>L</dt><dd>longitudinal vibration</dd><dt>M</dt><dd>Command signal</dd><dt>Q</dt><dd>lateral vibration</dd><dt>S1</dt><dd>Grain flow signal</dd><dt>S2</dt><dd>Grain flow signal</dd><dt>S3</dt><dd>Grain flow signal</dd><dt>S4</dt><dd>Grain flow signal</dd><dt>p</dt><dd>Abscheidekurve</dd><dt>q</dt><dd>Abscheidekurve</dd></dl>