Locking device with a locking bar

0001The invention relates to a locking device with a locking bolt which by means of a Servo motor is actuated, and having a current sensor for measuring the current through the servo-motor on inserting the locking bolt. Garaging of the locking bar is below both the locking as well understood the unlocking of the locking device.

0002are locking means for locking of doors and windows in buildings, for Safes, used for drawers of furniture and similar applications. They generally have a locking bolt, which may be actuated mechanically or electrically via an actuator.

0003DE 298 03 845 U1 a generic locking device is known. It is a locking latch disclosed which is adjustable by means of two electric motors. Transfer the electric motors the force for locations by means of a transmission of the locking latch. Further disclosed is the current through the electric motors to measure for determining an end position of the locking bar when sites. Achieved the door latch at the end of the adjustment process, the end position and therefore is in full unlocked or fully locked state, the movement of the servo motor is blocked and comes to a dramatic increase in the current value. This is the end position of the locking bolt recognizable. If, however, the points of the locking bolt a fault, it can before reaching the end position lead to an increase in the current level. This leads to erroneous messages and on a breach of security, since, for example, false information connected monitoring systems can be transmitted. Alternatively, in the above-mentioned proposed document, the end position of the locking bar by means of an end stop with determine attached microswitch. The disadvantage here is that additional mechanical Components have to be integrated in the locking device and thus increases the space requirement and the production is made difficult.

0004Therefore, it is object of the present invention to provide a locking device of the initially to provide mentioned type that is of simple construction and in which the risk of error messages is reduced.

0005This object is achieved by the locking device according to Claim first Further advantageous Embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

0006According to a first aspect of the present invention includes the locking means a time measuring unit for measuring a set duration. Garaging period is below the amount of time understood, which is required until the Riegelweg for unlocking or for locking all the way back down is. The activation time is measured substantially from the beginning to the end of the setting operation. Preferably, measuring the activation time begins as soon as a current flows and ends by the servomotor, as soon as the power is off. Furthermore, it is preferred that the locking device is designed so is that as long as a current flows through the servo motor, the adjusting process of the locking bar runs becomes. The activation time can basically continuously or discretely, at intervals, for example, be measured. Preferred is a continuous measurement.

0007Furthermore, a control device provided in the reference waveforms for the current are the undisturbed spots of the locking bolt deposited and formed, by comparing the measured waveform with one of the reference waveforms, time-dependent manner the operating state of Locking device to detect. The control device can, together with the locking bar, and the servomotor is formed as a structural unit and with the actuator and the locking bolt in a be arranged housing. Also, a spatial separation of the control means of servomotor and Locking bar possible, which then communicates with the servomotor via a data line. Prefers is in the control means at least one reference waveform for the undisturbed unlocking and at least one reference waveform for the undisturbed locking operation deposited. Furthermore, can be stored for each adjusting process more reference waveforms. This is particularly advantageous if the control device is designed as an independent component and with various Servomotors to be usable. The reference waveforms can basically both continuously or be given discreetly, said continuous waveforms are preferred. The Reference waveforms are shown over time. The time period over which a reference signal course indicated, shall be governed by the actuating time of the actuator in undisturbed places for the respective reference waveform is critical. Basically, the reference waveform can with a linear course be about the time indicated. Preferably one or more ranges of values ​​are indicated, which run over the time. Each range of values ​​in this case has an upper and a lower limit on. The ranges are so indicated that they each with an operating condition the locking device be consistent. Is the means of the current sensor measured current at a particular time within a certain range of the reference waveform at the same time, the control device recognizes that the locking device is in the operating state corresponding to the value range into which the measured current falls. Exceeds or falls below the measured current in the further course the top and lower limit of this range of values, the control device detects that the operation state the locking means changes and adjusts itself a new operating mode. By means of Time measuring unit, the measured current signal respectively a specific time within the Set duration and are assigned to the signal value or the signal value range of the reference waveform comparing the same time point. Hereby it is ensured that at any time The current operating state of the locking device is recognizable and not hoaxes can come to surveillance systems. Thus, in the locking device according to the invention increased security guarantees. Furthermore, no additional mechanical components required, which are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the setting motor or locking bar Need to become.

0008Appropriately, the controller distinguishes between at least three operating states, namely the positioning of the locking bolt in an end position, the adjustment of the locking bolt and the presence of a fault. Other operating conditions, such as the division of Operating state "interference" in sub-categories are possible.

0009The current sensor and the time measuring unit are preferably integrally formed in the control device, whereby the locking device is compact designed and easy to assemble. Conveniently, the control means further on a processor of the Match measured waveforms with the reference waveforms performs. Further, the control device be formed, the servomotor of the locking device to control so that the servomotor rotates to lock in a first rotational direction and for unlocking in a second rotational direction. For this purpose, the control means preferably generates a voltage to the servomotor of the locking device to operate. On the polarity of the voltage, the first or the second rotational direction be specified.

0010In a preferred embodiment the control means comprises a storage medium, in said reference waveforms can be stored for the current. It is also possible that the measured to save current profiles with the corresponding measured parking durations in the storage medium. By storing the measured current waveforms, it is possible that information to a subsequent retrieve time, for example in order retroactively to determine time points at which occurred disorders are.

0011Basically it is possible to discretely the waveform of the current through the servomotor, for example, interval or intermittently to measure. Preferably, the waveform is by the current sensor continuously measured on the set duration. At the same place a continuing balance of the measured Signal with the reference signal instead. Characterized the control means detects a change the operating state with the least possible delay.

0012Conveniently, the control device is designed, a malfunction in the locking device to recognize when the measured waveform from the reference waveform prior to the expiration of the activation time differs. Selecting a range of values ​​for the reference waveform, a tolerance can be specified be, within which a deviation of the measured signal from the non-reference signal to Discovered a malfunction leads. This can prevent that only minor deviations from the reference signal, which is not a fault, but to other circumstances such as warming materials are due erroneously recognized by the control device as interference will. The deviations of time depending on the controller, that is, a given time is compared to a measured signal with a reference signal same time. case of a deviation the error from the controller is the preferred binding recognized the locking bar when the magnitude of the measured current is greater by the servomotor as the undisturbed spots and is smaller than a complete blocking of the servomotor. A complete Blocking of the servomotor is in trouble-free operation on reaching the end position of the locking bar a. Increases the amount of current before the activation time to a value, is reached upon full blocking of the servomotor, it is appropriate that the control device acknowledges the fault type an incomplete points of the locking bolt. This makes is possible that the controller distinguishes between different types of faults and thus differentiated information can offer, resulting in a simplification of the fault. Furthermore, the control device be designed to turn off the servomotor upon detection of a fault to a destruction To avoid the servomotor, to reduce power consumption or unwanted noise nuisance to prevent.

0013Preferably, the control means comprises an output unit to the operating state outputting of the locking device. If a malfunction of the locking device, it is advantageous when the output unit triggers an audible and / or visual alarm. Alternatively or additionally it can be formed the control means, the operating state of the locking device communicate via a data connection to a monitoring system. This communication can be carried out for example by means of a data bus or by means of a radio transmission. A monitoring system is, for example, a central building services management system or a Burglar alarm system.

0014Suitably, the controller is adapted, after the end of the parking duration and / or Measuring the corresponding signal normally for an end position of the locking bolt, the servomotor to switch. This servomotor is protected and reduced power consumption. It is appropriate, that the control device is adapted for detecting the end position of the locking bar and thus the zero-current of the servomotor to refer to both parameters, in order to avoid that, for example, in a binding of the locking bolt, the actuator motor after the set duration is turned off for normal operation without the safety catch the end position has reached.

0015In a further preferred embodiment, a locking device with a Locking latch is provided which has an internal thread. Furthermore, the locking device is a The threaded spindle, which is coupled to the actuator motor and into the female thread in the locking bar engages, so that, with a rotation of the servomotor rotates the threaded spindle and the Locking bar in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the threaded spindle for locking and unlocking is movable is. This has the advantage that the threaded spindle is moving in the internal thread of the locking bolt, implemented and so the rotation of the servomotor into a translatory adjusting movement of the locking bar is, the space required for this is largely minimized.

0016It is expedient that the servomotor is coupled to the threaded spindle via a transmission, to cause the torque necessary for shifting the locking bolt.

0017Preferably, the servo motor, the transmission, the threaded spindle and the locking bars are in the Substantially arranged in a row. In this way, the locking device can place build-saving and can be particularly easily mounted. In particular with a circular cross section the locking device can be used for the mounting of the locking device means produce a corresponding hole for example by drilling, in which the locking device in a simple Manner can be used.

0018Furthermore, it is expedient that the gear and / or the pitch of the turns of the threaded spindle are dimensioned to achieve a self-locking of the locking bar. In this way can the locking bolt when subjected to a force not be unlocked.

0019The transmission of the servo motor and the threaded spindle are accommodated in a housing, wherein the locking latch in an unlocked state at least partially in the housing and in a locked state of the housing can be moved at least partially. For ease of assembly the housing provided with a flange with which the locking device eg a door or be mounted in a door frame.

0020Preferred embodiments of the invention are appended below, using the Drawings explained in more detail. Schematically:<dl tsize="6"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>a locking device in the unlocked state;</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>the locking device of Figure 1 in the locked state.</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>a cross section through a locking device;</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>an exploded view of a locking device;</dd><dt>Fig. 5</dt><dd>a built-in a door locking mechanism;</dd><dt>Fig. 6</dt><dd>Waveforms of a voltage and a current measured by the control motor of a locking device in an undisturbed setting the course;</dd><dt>Fig. 7</dt><dd>the waveforms of voltage and current measured by the servomotor at a blockage of the servo motor;</dd><dt>Fig. 8</dt><dd>the waveforms of voltage and current measured by the servomotor at a binding of the locking bar; and</dd><dt>Fig. 9</dt><dd>the waveforms of voltage and current of a reference signal.</dd></dl>

0021In Figure 1, a locking device is shown in an unlocked state. The locking device has a locking bolt 1 which can be moved by a servomotor third The servomotor 3 is provided with a gear, which is located in the housing 5, is coupled so that a converted rotary motion of the servomotor 3 into a translatory actuating motion of the locking bolt 1 becomes. The locking bolt 3 is almost fully moved into the unlocked state into the housing fifth The housing 5 is provided at one end, at which the lock bolt 3 is arranged with a flange 10, the locking device eg a door frame, a window frame in a frame for a vault or to fix the like.

0022The servo motor 3, the gear and the locking bolt 1 is in the illustrated embodiment, arranged in a row, so that during assembly only a corresponding bore such as in the The door frame is required for using the locking means. For this purpose it is particularly advantageous when the housing 5 and the servomotor 3 have a round cross-section and the bore substantially corresponds to the diameter of the circular cross-section, so that the locking device can be inserted into the bore.

0023In figure 2 the locking device is shown in the locked state. It is evident that the locking bolt 1 during the locking of the housing 5 is moved, preferably by engagement engages in a corresponding recess in the door to be locked or the like and this keeps therefore closed.

0024In figure 3 a locking device is shown in cross-section. It is evident that in the housing 5, a gear 13 is located, with which the rotary motion of the servomotor 3 into a Rotation of a threaded spindle is implemented. 9 The lead screw 9 engages in a corresponding Internal thread 20 of the locking bolt 1, so that the locking bolt 3 at a rotational movement of the The threaded spindle 9 in translation, ie, is moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the internal thread 20. The gear 13 and the pitch of the turns of the threaded spindle 9 are chosen such that a Self-locking of the locking bolt 1 is achieved, ie that when pressure or train to the locking bolt 1 the threaded spindle 9 is not rotating.

0025The transmission 13 is preferably designed as a planetary gear, so that an axis of the rotor Servomotor 3 are disposed substantially in alignment with the axis of rotation of the threaded spindle 9 can. The gear 13 is fixedly connected to the housing 5 and the threaded spindle 9 in the transmission stored 13 so that the axis of rotation of the threaded spindle 9 is substantially parallel to the axis of cylindrical housing 5 passes.

0026In Figure 4, a locking device is shown in an exploded view. One notices, that the housing 5 is connected to the servomotor 3 by means of fixing screws 8, so that the servomotor 3 and the housing 5 form a substantially cylindrical body. The Transmission 13 is accommodated in the housing 5, wherein a pinion 12 which is consistent with the rotor axis Servo motor 3 is connected, engages in the koppelnd inserted into the housing 5 Transmission thirteenth

0027In the housing 5, a guide member 2 is inserted, which in for guiding the locking bolt 1 Longitudinally serves. The guide element 2 has a stop element 11, which as a stop for the unlocking position of the locking bolt 1 is used. To be held in the guide element 2, includes the locking bolt 1 has a guide portion 22 that the inner cross section of the guide element 2 corresponds, so that a guide of the locking bolt 1 possible by the guide member 2 becomes.

0028A stop plate 4 serves as a further stop for the locking bolt 1 in the locking Position. The stop plate 4 thereby blocking the locking bolt 1, in which the guide portion 22 the stop plate 4 rests.

0029There is provided a flange 10, of the means of screws 6 with the stop disc 4 and Housing 5 can be connected, so that the locking device is held together. Of the Flange has further screw holes 23 to the installing screws 7 during assembly Locking device in a corresponding recess in a door frame or the like to be mounted.

0030The items shown in the exploded view can partially run together will. Thus, for example, the flange 10, the stop plate 4, the guide member 2 and the housing 5 be formed as a single component, which would be advantageous for production reasons.

00315 shows a typical mounting arrangement for a locking device is shown. Of the Servomotor 3 and the locking bolt 1 of the locking means 14 are separated by a door frame 17 in attached to a wall and connected via connecting lines 16 to the control device 15th The used in Figure 5 shown locking means 14 for locking a door 18, the locking recess a 19 has to receive the locking bolt 1 in the locked state.

0032The control device 15 is performed separately from the servomotor 3, and only through the connecting cables 16 connected thereto. The control means 15 may in addition to the door 18 or be located away from. The controller 15 can devices for access control, are known from the prior art, have to allow only certain users access. Naturally, it is also possible that the controller 15 is a time closing means or the like having to grant access only at certain times. , It is essential that the control means controls the locking and unlocking of the locking device 14 controlled. The Control device 15 further includes the detection of the current flowing through the servomotor 3 is a Current sensor 24 on. Further, a storage medium 28 in the control unit 15 is present in the reference waveforms and measured waveforms of the current through the servo motor 3 storable are.

0033In the illustrated embodiment, the controller 3 15 controls the servomotor of the Locking device 14 via application of a voltage. The polarity of the applied voltage determines the direction of rotation of the servomotor and thus whether the locking bolt 1 in the locking position or is moved to the unlocking position. Of course, the servo motor 3 as be stepper motor or the like is formed.

0034The controller 15 continues to monitor by comparing measured current and Voltage curves with data stored in the storage medium 28 reference signals, if desired End position of the locking bolt 1 is reached, or whether a malfunction, for example by blocking of the bolt present during the adjustment or sluggishness of the locking bolt. 1 To the measured to assign current signals time points, the control device 15, a time measuring unit 26 for measuring the activation time at which, during the is adjusted, the locking bolt 1, the time measuring. The waveforms of the current through the servo motor 3 by means of the time measuring unit 26 and the Current sensor 24 continuously measured on the set duration. Soaks at a given time measured signal from the corresponding reference signal or reference signal value range, , the controller 15 detects a fault. Such interference can, for example, in an output unit 27 of the controller 15 are outputted, or alternatively, via a (not shown) Data link are communicated to a monitoring system.

0035In Figure 6, the waveforms of the voltage and the current upon driving of the servomotor shown. 3 6 shows the driving of the servo motor 3 with a constant voltage across the Set duration in an undisturbed setting procedure. The associated, measured current curve is below shown. The current waveform can be divided into three phases, an initial phase A, a middle phase B and a Final phase C, divide. In an initial stage A of the control motor requires a starting current three, the opposite the normal load current of the servomotor 3 is increased. After the initial phase the value of A is the current back to an intermediate value, as shown with respect to the center B phase. Reached the locking bolt the end stop, for example by abutment of the guide portion 22 of the locking bolt 1 on the stop plate 4, so the rotational movement of the servo motor is blocked and the current jumps to a very high value. This is shown in the final phase C of the current path. The controller detects when compared with the reference signal the end of the setting operation, and switches the voltage to the servomotor 3 from in order to avoid any destruction to limit the power consumption, avoid and like a noise of servomotor. 3

0036In Figure 7, the measured waveforms of voltage and current by the servomotor 3 shown in a blocking of the locking bolt 1 and the servomotor third It will be appreciated that upon application the voltage of the current assumes a very high value and will be no start up of the servomotor 3, which would be detectable by a fall in the current value. In a corresponding phase B recognizes the control section 15 and switches the blocking after a predetermined period of time after which could be reliably detected that the servomotor 3 does not start, the voltage. A disturbance is as reported by the output device 27 of the controller 15th

0037In Figure 8, the measured waveforms of voltage and current by the servomotor are at sluggishness of the servomotor 3 and the locking bolt 1 shown. During Phase A takes the servomotor and assumes an initially high value of A after the start-up phase drops to a mean value. In the phase B can be seen that variations occur in the current characteristic, indicating sluggishness of the locking bolt or the servomotor. 3 As long as the Value of the current does not reach a maximum value that may indicate a further movement of the servomotor 3 are closed, and the voltage is kept applied to the servomotor third Further, a Stiffness of the engine from the output unit 27 displays. then occurs, as shown in phase C, a blocking one, the current assumes a high value. Since the blocking before expiry a specific, required for the unlocking or locking, adjusting duration of the control device 15 is detected by comparison with the reference signal, the control device 15 that the End position of the locking bolt 1 has not been fully achieved, and the output unit 27 is a corresponding message. Further, the control unit 15 the power and to damage to of the servo motor 3 to be prevented.

0038In Figure 9, reference waveforms are voltage and current by the adjusting motor via a represented activation time, as stored in the memory unit 28th The reference waveform for the current is shown as a range of values ​​extending over the set duration. The range includes a upper limit G_O and a lower limit value G_U on. As long as the measured current signals during the set duration within the upper and lower limit value G_O, G_U lie, recognizes the Control unit 15 that the adjusting process proceeds undisturbed. Is located at a given time a measured Current signal out of range, recognizes the controller 15 a fault. Reached the measured signal strength a value in the range of values ​​for a block of the servomotor 3 is, as specified in the reference signal in phase C, and this signal is, for example, in the Phase measured B, detects the controller 15 that it is the fault to an incomplete Ask the locking bar is.