Recreation room and method for controlling the atmosphere in the room

p0001The invention relates to a method for adjusting a room air in a room in which the room air is supplemented continuously or in recurring time intervals by nitrogen or a nitrogen-containing, low-carbon gas mixture such that the oxygen content of the room air is less than 20.9%. The ore finding also relates to a living space for humans or animals, in particular a sports exercise room, which is filled with room air which has a lower oxygen partial pressure than an external atmosphere surrounding the holding space. Finally, the invention relates to a space air installation for such a space.

p0002In this case, space is understood as a space in which humans or animals can be located. In particular, a sports room is also understood as a recreational area.

p0003Sports training rooms, the room air of which has an oxygen partial pressure which is reduced compared to an outer atmosphere surrounding the sports training area, are fundamentally known. Likewise, methods are known for adjusting such a reduced oxygen partial pressure in the living space.

p0004In the simplest case, the total air pressure in the accommodation space is lowered compared to the outside atmosphere. In this way, you will find yourself in the room. Similar pressure ratios are also present, as they also prevail in higher altitudes. However, in order to lower the total air pressure in the living space, the space must be sealed in a hermetically sealed manner. This is very complex. In the case of a sports exercise area, the necessary air exchange is only possible with considerable effort.

p0005Therefore, for example, <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="EP0959862A"><text>EP 0 959 862</text></patcit> and the <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="EP0789546A"><text>EP 0 789 546</text></patcit> It is proposed not to lower the total pressure in the holding space but to lower the oxygen partial pressure in the holding space by increasing the partial pressure of nitrogen. It has been found that the proposed methods all involve a high operational effort and a costly operation.

p0006Starting from this state of the art, the present invention is based on the object of providing a method as well as a stay space and a room air system of the initially mentioned kind which permit a cost-effective operation of a living space whose room air has a reduced oxygen content.

p0007According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method of the type initially mentioned, in which at least a slight overpressure is set in the accommodation space against an outer atmosphere surrounding the holding space. The carbon dioxide content of the room air is initially set to a concentration below 0.04% by volume and then to a CO2 concentration below fixed limits, but not more than 1 to 0.65% by volume. The desired oxygen content of the room air and the desired carbon dioxide content are adjusted by regularly supplementing the room air, preferably in the circulating air mode of the room air.

p0008The invention is based on the fact that only a slight overpressure of, for example, 10 to 100 Pa requires a very moderately sealed space and that residual leakages of the living space result in a constant exchange of the room air in the living space by the fact that space air flows through the Leaks, and replaced ambient air, which is supplied by the air, from the outside atmosphere.

p0009According to the invention, the room air is conducted in recirculation mode and supplemented by the nitrogen-containing, low-carbon gas mixture in recirculation mode. The air exchange of the room air in the living space caused by the circulating air operation is preferably adjusted in such a way that a homogeneous atmosphere prevails in the holding space.

p0010A nitrogen-containing, low-carbon gas mixture is understood to be a gas mixture which has a larger proportion of nitrogen compared to an external or ambient air.

p0011The carbon dioxide content of the room air is preferably adjusted by replacing a portion of the room air in the circulating air mode with low-carbon air from the outside atmosphere. The air of the outer atmosphere has a normal oxygen content. The proportion of room air that has been exchanged in the recirculation mode is set so that the room air has a carbon dioxide concentration of initially less than 0.04 vol.% And then a CO2 concentration below fixed limits, but at most 1 to 0.65 vol.%.

p0012Alternatively, it is possible to reduce the carbon dioxide content of the air by chemical means, in particular with the aid of special lime.

p0013Preferably, the air in the recirculation mode is treated by controlled ionization in such a way that the room air maintains a high air quality over several recirculation cycles with a reduced oxygen content and a low carbon dioxide content compared to the outer atmosphere. The controlled ionization in particular reduces the amount of hydrocarbons in the room air. In this sense, the content of hydrocarbons and germs is regarded as an essential criterion of the air quality of the room air. The mixing of the gas mixture for the supplementation of the room air preferably takes place at excess or reduced pressure.

p0014According to the invention, the mixing is carried out in a mixing chamber to which the components of the gas mixture to be mixed are supplied with super- or negative pressure as a function of the desired composition of the gas mixture of the mixing chamber. If the mixing of the gas mixture takes place at an overpressure, the components with different overpressure are fed to the mixing chamber. If a negative pressure prevails in the mixing chamber, the components of the gas mixture are fed to the mixing chamber with different negative pressure. Preferably, the components of the gas mixture are on the one hand air from the external atmosphere and on the other hand nitrogen.

p0015Preference is given to a process in which the nitrogen-containing gas mixture is produced by air separation by means of a separation installation to which the room air is added in the circulating air operation and in which ambient air or nitrogen or a nitrogen-containing gas mixture is admixed in an amount equivalent to one equivalent of the Of the air separation with increased oxygen content. Such a method makes it possible to produce a room air with a reduced oxygen partial pressure using a separation system.

p0016When determining the equivalent of the exhaust air obtained with the air separation with increased oxygen content, it must be taken into account that the exhaust air volume flow with increased oxygen content removed from the separation system is not the only exhaust air volume flow. Rather, a multiple of the exhaust air volume flow of the circulating air discharged from the separation system must be fed to fresh ambient air (fresh air volume flow) or also to nitrogen enriched gas mixture so that at least a second exhaust air volume flow results which is to be branched off from the circulating air volume flow together with that from the separation installation And the leakage volume flow ensures a balanced volume balance.

p0017Preference is also given to a process in which the nitrogen-containing gas mixture is produced by air separation from ambient air. For this purpose, the aforementioned separation system can be used.

p0018In the context of the last-mentioned method, an oxygen-enriched gas mixture obtained in the air separation with an oxygen content of more than 21% by volume is added to a second space. In this second space there is thus an atmosphere with an increased oxygen content, which is desired for certain purposes, for example therapeutic treatment.

p0019The room air with increased oxygen content in the second space is preferably treated in the same way as the room air in the room with reduced oxygen content.

p0020Preferably at least one of the properties of the circulating air, such as atmospheric pressure, air temperature or the like, is measured and regulated.

p0021According to the invention, the above-mentioned object is also achieved by a stay of the type mentioned at the outset, in particular a sports practice, which is designed such that it can hold at least a slight overpressure against a surrounding atmosphere surrounding the holding space for at least a short period of time. The accommodation space is connected via an air inlet and via an air outlet opening to a room air installation which is designed to adjust the room air in the living space in such a way that its oxygen partial pressure is smaller than the oxygen partial pressure of the external atmosphere.

p0022For the purposes of this invention, a subsurface which is sufficiently dense during operation to ensure a leakage rate which is less than 10 ° is understood as meaning a subsurface which can hold at least a slight overpressure against a surrounding atmosphere surrounding the holding space for at least a short period of time % And preferably below 5%. Here, the leak rate is the ratio of a leakage volume flow to a total volume flow supplied to the holding space during operation. The total volume flow emerging from the holding space also comprises, in addition to the leakage volume flow already mentioned, a circulating air volume flow. This is the proportion of the room air that is deliberately removed from the living space in order to be reconditioned by the recirculated air process.

p0023Sensors for detecting the oxygen concentration or the oxygen partial pressure, the co-dioxide dioxide concentration or the carbon dioxide partial pressure and the humidity, air quality, ozone and the air temperature are preferably provided in the accommodation space.

p0024A room air installation for achieving the above-mentioned object comprises a circulating air duct and at least one pump or a blower for moving the circulating air in the circulating air duct. The recirculating air duct is to be connected to the upper inlet and outlet openings with a holding space of the aforementioned type. A mixing chamber, which has, on the one hand, an air inlet and an air outlet for the circulating air, and, on the other hand, an inlet for fresh air from the outer atmosphere and a nitrogen inlet for the supply of nitrogen into the mixing chamber, is connected to the circulating air channel.

p0025The essential characteristics and advantages of the method according to the invention and the room air system according to the invention are summarized below:<ul><li>The oxygen concentration corresponding to a simulated level in training rooms and lounges is controlled and regulated in accordance with the task at a given level with a small tolerance.</li><li>Any changes in concentration can be carried out quickly and effectively;</li><li>The concentration of carbon dioxide in training rooms and lounges must be kept stable below specified limits, but at least below 0.65 vol%;</li><li>The gas mixture volume supplied can be flexibly adapted to the requirements;</li><li>The air quality is permanently maintained;</li><li>The hypoxic atmosphere in the room is generated by the supply of two components - nitrogen (nitrogen content greater than 78 vol.% Maximum 100 vol.%) And fresh air (oxygen content 20.9 vol.%) - produced separately or externally or partially Air is withdrawn itself and is supplied with volume flow control;</li><li>The nitrogen is selectively generated by an industrially used air separation plant (by means of different methods) in a variable quantity (air separation plant with connected buffer) or provided via tanks; The length of the nitrogen line between the air separation system and the mixing chamber can be varied in such a way that no additional sound loads occur in the region of the hypoxic space;</li><li>The required composition of the gas mixture is generated before it is introduced into the space in a mixing chamber upstream of this (see FIG <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref>);</li><li>The separate production of the individual components of nitrogen and fresh air as well as their controlled supply. The electronically controlled valves enable either a rapid increase in the equivalent height (reduction of the oxygen concentration in the room by the sole supply of nitrogen) by switching off one component while simultaneously increasing the volume flow of the other component, Or a rapid decrease in the equivalent height (increase of the oxygen concentration by the addition of fresh air alone); The period of time to produce the desired equivalent height can thereby be shortened to a fraction, in contrast to the supply of a constant gas mixture in the desired final concentration, and the costs for the production of the equivalent height also drop considerably. The equivalent amount i st the height above sea level, in which the breathing air having approximately the same oxygen partial pressure as in the lounge.</li><li>The variable controllability of the partial volume flows and thereby of the total volume flow of the hypoxic gas mixture supplied from the mixing chamber makes it possible to immediately increase the gas mixture volume flow in the case of an increase in the number of persons in the room or in an increase in the intensity of the physical load, and thus to prevent an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration;</li><li>Microelectronic control and regulation (eg DDC) makes it possible to regulate the partial volume flows in such a way that interfering variable influences are directly compensated and a constant oxygen concentration is ensured. The oxygen consumption of passive and active persons in the room is compensated by the corresponding addition of fresh air. Fresh air breaks, by entering and leaving the room are controlled by reducing the fresh air volume flow. With an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the space above the fixed limit value, the total volume flow is automatically increased by increasing the two partial component volume flows. The increased volume flow causes an increased air exchange in the room and thus a reduction in the carbon dioxide concentration; The volumetric flow is increased until the carbon dioxide concentration is again below the predetermined limit values.</li><li>The intended air exchange (size of the gas mixture volume flow) alone does not ensure the desired air quality. This is achieved by a circulating system installed additionally in the hypoxic space and the regulated ionization in the circulating air circuit. In this system, which directs the air in the hypoxic space via special filters and a controlled ioniser and returns it to the room, sweat and other pollutants (germs) are primarily eliminated. The air exchange through incoming gas mixture and outgoing gas mixture mainly serves to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration;</li></ul>

p0026The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawing shows in:<dl id="dl0001"><dt>FIG. 1:</dt><dd>A living space with an air-conditioning system connected thereto for generating and controlling a hyperbaric hypoxic atmosphere in the living space; and in</dd><dt>FIG. 2:</dt><dd>A schematic for the supply and discharge of the gas mixture into and from the space</dd><dt>FIG. 3:</dt><dd>A living space with an alternative room air system connected thereto, which cooperates with an air separation unit for producing a nitrogen-containing gas mixture; in</dd><dt>FIG. 4:</dt><dd>An arrangement of two lounges which are connected to a room air installation and a common separation unit such that a space of oxygen-reduced room air and the other space of oxygen-enriched room air are contained; in</dd><dt>FIG. 5:</dt><dd>Three coarse-chemical views of a room with a reduced oxygen content and a water basin; and in</dd><dt>FIG. 6:</dt><dd>A hypoxic space with an ice surface or snow pile, in fact <figref idrefs="f0006">6a</figref> A view of an elliptical ice rink and in <figref idrefs="f0006">FIG. 6b</figref> A cross-section through a tunnel for the elliptical ice rink.</dd></dl>

p0027The hypoxic system according to <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> Includes a buffer chamber 2, a mixing chamber 3, a humidity processing unit 32, a temperature processing unit 33, a controlled ionizer 4, A particulate filter 5, a first pump 61, a second pump 62, electronically or otherwise controllable flow valves (MFC or others) 71 to 79, an inlet for used air 81, an inlet 82 for nitrogen, a first inlet 83 for fresh air, a second An outlet 91 for fresh air, an outlet 88 for used air, a mixing chamber outlet 89, a connecting line 90, a fresh air mixing manifold 91, a spent air ventilator 92, a second connecting line 93, a chemical scrubber 12 Elimination of carbon dioxide, a 100 central unit for electronic control and regulation (DDC or others) and sensors 110 for oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, temperature, air pressure, air quality and ozone.

p0028The terms "room air" and "atmosphere" are treated as synonyms in the following and concern the air in space 1 and the corresponding room air system. The ambient atmosphere surrounding the space 1, which is formed by fresh air, is to be distinguished.

p0029Operation of the hypoxic system according to <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> (&lt;20.9% by volume) and a low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;0.04% by volume) in a closed or nearly closed space 1 and / or the regulation of an oxygen-reduced (&lt;20, 9%) and a low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;defined limit) in a closed or almost enclosed room 1 when staying with or without physical activity of humans and / or animals.

p0030The production of an oxygen-reduced atmosphere described below is referred to as passive operation.

p0031The production of an oxygen-reduced (<20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (<0.04% by volume) in the closed or nearly closed chamber 1 takes place in a passive operation as follows: By opening the valves 77, 79 and 72 Nitrogen (vol% N₂ > 78; O₂ <20.9; CO₂ <0.04; H₂O against 0) via the inlet 82 by means of the pump 61 or by the internal pressure of the nitrogen as it is discharged from a pressure vessel via the connection 90 and special ventilation channels 91 which ensure uniform mixing of the nitrogen with the atmosphere in each case Is guided into the closed or nearly closed chamber 1. By means of the pump 62 or with the aid of increased pressure in the chamber 1, only a large amount of space atmosphere is discharged through the outlet 88 into the ambient atmosphere by controlled opening of the valve 74 with the valve 75 closed. The ventilation channels 92, which ensure uniform evacuation of the newly mixed room atmosphere, In that an overpressure is maintained in the room. This process is maintained until the desired oxygen-reduced (<20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (<0.65% by volume) is present in space 1. The process is repeated until the desired temperature is reached.

p0032The alternative or supplementary regulation of an oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1 vol.% Or 0.65 vol.%) In a closed or almost closed room 1 during the stay and / Or physical activity of humans or animals occurs in an active operation either in a partially enclosed recirculation system or in a closed recirculation system.

p0033First, the active operation - the control of the atmosphere - is described in a partially enclosed recirculation system.

p0034The regulation of an oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1 vol% or 0.65 vol%) in a closed or almost closed room 1 during the stay and / or physical activity of humans or animals , Is carried out as follows in the active mode in a partially enclosed recirculation system: The circulating air circuit is completely started. The valve 75 is opened so that the sucked-in atmosphere from the space 1 passes through the inlet 81 into the mixing chamber 3 through a particle filter 5 and a controlled ionizer 4, which removes all harmful substances on the basis of hydrocarbons from the atmosphere. Optionally, a scrabber 12, which eliminates carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by chemical bonds, can be interposed in the air stream. Nitrogen and air are passed into the mixing chamber via the inlet 82, the ambient air, hereinafter referred to as fresh air, which passes through a particle filter 5, in a volume ratio which corresponds to the desired reduced oxygen concentration in the space 1. Via the inlet 84, a further quantity of fresh air is directed into the mixing chamber via a particle filter 5. This quantity of fresh air compensates for the oxygen consumption of humans or animals located in room 1. It is in a certain proportion to the movement intensity of the humans or animals located in space 1 and is determined by the dynamics of the oxygen consumption in space 1 and automatically regulated. The amount of oxygen contained in the fresh air quantity must be greater than the amount of oxygen consumed. The volume of nitrogen (inlet 82) and fresh air (inlets 83 and 84) corresponds to the sum of the volume of consumed atmosphere, which was previously discharged via the outlet 85 into the ambient atmosphere, and the volume of the amount of consumed atmosphere caused by existing leaks Or escapes into the surrounding atmosphere through disturbances, such as the entry and discharge of persons or animals into and out of the space 1, from the circuit. The volume volume, which is derived from the ambient atmosphere or newly produced by mixing nitrogen and fresh air, is determined by the dynamics of the carbon dioxide concentration and the established limiting concentrations of carbon dioxide in space 1 and is automatically regulated in such a way that a steady state is present Or set limit values ​​are not exceeded. The oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and the low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1% by volume or 0.65% by volume) from recycled used atmosphere and new proportions of nitrogen and fresh air are made in the mixing chamber before the mixing chamber 3 So that the desired temperature and humidity in the space 1 is stable. In addition, a further climatic treatment of the atmosphere can be carried out in room 1. From the mixing chamber, the conditioned atmosphere is passed through the outlet 89 and the valve 72 with the aid of the pump 62 or by the internal pressure of the conditioned atmosphere either via a buffer vessel 2 which can store the conditioned atmosphere or directly via the connection line 90 and special ventilation channels 91 , Which ensure uniform mixing of the nitrogen with the atmosphere in each case, into the closed or almost closed space. By means of the controlled opening of the valves 74 and 75, as much room atmosphere is discharged through the outlet 88 into the ambient atmosphere by means of the pump 62 or the present increased pressure in the space via special ventilation ducts 92 which ensure a uniform forwarding of the used room atmosphere Of the predetermined limit values ​​for the carbon dioxide concentration in the space 1 and the maintenance of an overpressure in the space. The used room atmosphere, which is reduced by the volume discharged to the ambient atmosphere through the outlet 88, is directed into the mixing chamber via the particle filter 5 and the controlled ionizer 4 for renewed processing. Optionally, the remaining used room atmosphere can be passed via a Scrabber 12 to the additional elimination of carbon dioxide. The mixing process in the mixing chamber 3 can be carried out under slight overpressure, high overpressure or reduced pressure. When mixing oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1% by volume or 0.65% by volume), the components used are used atmosphere, nitrogen and fresh air at a pressure above the Pressure of the atmosphere in the space 1 is introduced into the mixing chamber and the pressure of the newly manufactured atmosphere is reduced via the valve 79 and the feed lines 90 and 91 such that the pressure prevailing in the space 1 remains constant. In the case of mixing with reduced pressure, oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1% by volume or 0.65% by volume) is produced discontinuously and passed continuously into the space 1 via the buffer. The pump 61 withdraws the atmosphere produced by the valve 79 via the valve 79, while the valves 75, 76, 77 and 78 are closed. Through subsequent controlled opening of these valves, the components used atmosphere, nitrogen and fresh air are fed into the mixing chamber in a controlled manner and are quantitatively differentiated and processed into a new atmosphere. When the valves 75, 76, 77 and 78 are closed, this process is repeated. The pump 61 conveys the produced atmosphere into the buffer tank, which ensures a controlled continuous delivery of this manufactured atmosphere by way of the special ventilation channels 91. During high-pressure mixing, oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1% by volume or 0.65% by volume) is produced discontinuously and passed continuously into the space 1 above the buffer. The components of the atmosphere, nitrogen and fresh air used are fed into the mixing chamber in a timely and quantitatively differentiated manner via the inlets 81, 82, 83 and 84, while the valve 79 is closed. After closing the valves 75, 76, 77 and 78, the valve 79 is opened. When the valve 79 is closed, this process is repeated. The pump 61 conveys the produced atmosphere into the buffer tank, via which a controlled continuous delivery of this manufactured atmosphere takes place by means of the special ventilation channels 91. The type of mixing - with a slight overpressure, high overpressure or negative pressure - influences the quality of the produced atmosphere and is determined as a function of the desired composition of the atmosphere in space 1, the required volume flow and the present disturbances.

p0035The active operation for a closed recirculation system is now described.

p0036The regulation of an oxygen-reduced (&lt;20.9% by volume) and low-carbon atmosphere (&lt;fixed limit value, eg 1 vol% or 0.65 vol%) in a closed or almost closed room 1 during the stay and / or physical activity of humans or animals , Is carried out in active operation in a closed circulating system as follows: The circulating air circuit is set in motion with the aid of pumps 61 and 62. The valve 74 is closed and the valve 75 is opened so that the sucked-in atmosphere from the space 1 through a particle filter 5 and a controlled ionizer 4 which removes all pollutants on the hydrocarbon side from the atmosphere into the mixing chamber 3, The connecting line 90 and the special ventilation ducts 91 back into the space 1. Optionally, a scrabber 12, which eliminates carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by chemical bonds, can be interposed in the air stream. The closed system can be operated as long as limit values ​​of the carbon dioxide concentration are not exceeded and the oxygen concentration does not leave its normal ranges. These conditions are given for very large volume volumes. Once the limits have been reached, either the atmosphere can be completely replaced or the process can be switched over to the operation of a partially enclosed recirculation system.

p0037For all operating modes, all hardware components are controlled via a central microelectronic control unit in the form of a DDC system and are used with sensors for the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and pollutant concentration as well as the atmosphere, nitrogen, fresh air and atmosphere produced Temperature in room 1 is controlled to the desired setpoints.

p0038<figref idrefs="f0002">FIG</figref> Shows the ventilation and airing of the room 1. Of the reference numerals,<ul><li>1 - a gas mixture feed line with a variable volume flow and obliquely directed from the directed outflow openings</li><li>2 - a suction system close to the ground</li><li>3 - a pollutant elimination system in the recirculation system</li><li>4 - Outflow openings for the purified and carbon dioxide enriched gas mixture</li><li>5 - a suction line with controllable variable cross-section</li><li>6 - the training or stay under hypoxia</li></ul>

p0039For the supply and discharge of the gas mixture, forcing is provided. The gas mixture quantity, which varies according to the requirements, is carried out with a slight overpressure from the ceiling obliquely downwards (<figref idrefs="f0002">FIG</figref>). After passing through the trainers, it is sucked in by a ground-level recirculation system, which cleans the resulting mixed atmosphere of pollutants, and blown back into the space from the front and side walls for further use in such a way that a rearward air movement occurs. At the rear of the room, the same amount of air is actively aspirated with a slight vacuum, which corresponds to the positive pressure during blowing. The roll-shaped air movement through the space ensures a better removal of the carbon dioxide-contaminated gas mixture than in the diffuse outlet through differently defined openings. Flexible extraction openings (cross-section) for the consumed gas mixture, which flexibly adapt to the inflowing gas mixture, allow the operation to be carried out continuously with varying and changing number of persons.

p0040In the <figref idrefs="f0003">FIG</figref> Is different from the one shown in FIG <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> Air conditioning system. Common components are an air supply 312 and an air exhaust 314 in the accommodation space 300. The room air discharged from the accommodation space 300 is supplied via a pump 316, an ionizer 318 and filter 320, a scraper 322, a mixing chamber 330 and a second pump 332 in the recirculation mode Air supply 312 is fed back into the holding space 300. As far as and also with respect to the valves, which are not shown here, etc., the circulating air system differs<figref idrefs="f0003">FIG</figref> Not from the one <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref>. There is also a commonality with regard to the fact that the mixing channel 330 is supplied with fresh air and nitrogen-containing gas mixture or nitrogen. The same applies to a buffer container 334 for the possibly required pressure equalization. All valves are equipped with a<figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> , Which is also connected to sensors in the space 300.

p0041In the <figref idrefs="f0003">FIG</figref> Illustrated in FIG. 3, differs from the arrangement shown in FIG <figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> Is substantially different in that an air separation unit 340 is provided for producing the nitrogen or the nitrogen-containing gas mixture which is supplied to the mixing chamber 330. This air separation unit 340 is connected on the inlet side to the accommodation space 300 via a line 342 in such a way that the separation unit 340 receives room air from the accommodation space 300, separates this air into a nitrogen-enriched portion and an oxygen- and carbon dioxide-enriched portion and supplies the nitrogen-enriched gas portion to the mixing chamber 330. The nitrogen-enriched gas fraction produced by the air separation unit 340 can also be approximately pure nitrogen, which was obtained from the space 300 by air separation of the room air. The nitrogen-enriched gas fraction supplied to the mixing chamber 330 by the air separation unit 340 is mixed in the mixing chamber 330 in the same manner with fresh air as in the room air installation according to FIG<figref idrefs="f0001">FIG</figref> the case is.

p0042The fact that the air supplied to the air separation unit 340 is the room air from the space 300 has the advantage that this room air already has an increased nitrogen attack and that in the air separation in the air separation unit 340 also at least a part of the carbon dioxide which is removed from the room air in the space 300 Is separated off and guided to the outside.

p0043In the <figref idrefs="f0004">FIG</figref> , A first space 400 with oxygen-reduced room air and a second space 410 with oxygen-enriched room air can be described with respect to many details with respect to the recirculating air system of the air conditioning system associated with a respective accommodation space 400 or 410 <figref idrefs="f0003">FIG</figref> Shown. A mixing chamber 404 or 414 is a substantial component of a circulating air circuit 402 for the accommodation space 400 and a second circulating air circuit 412 for the accommodation space 410. Both mixing chambers 404 and 414 are fed from an air separation unit 420. This air separation unit 420 is not connected on the inlet side to one of the accommodation spaces, but is supplied with fresh air (inlet 422). The nitrogen-enriched gas mixture obtained during the air separation is fed via a line 424 to the mixing chamber 404 for the first space 400 with oxygen-reduced room air. The oxygen-enriched gas mixture which also arises during the air separation is fed via a line 426 to the second mixing chamber 414 for the circulating air circuit 412 of the second chamber 410 with oxygen-enriched room air.

p0044The design of the room air installation for the first room 400 with oxygen - reduced room air can be exactly the same as in the <figref idrefs="f0001">FIGS</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0003">3</figref> Air conditioning system.

p0045With respect to the room air installation for the second room 410 with oxygen-enriched room air, there is a difference with regard to the mixing chamber 414, which consists in that the mixing chamber instead of a single inlet for oxygen-enriched gas mixture which is the reason for nitrogen-enriched gas mixture in the <figref idrefs="f0001">FIGS</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0003">3</figref> A further inlet 428 for oxygen or oxygen-enriched gas mixture is provided.

p0046In <figref idrefs="f0005">FIG</figref> A particular variant of a resident space 500 with an oxygen-reduced or oxygen-enriched atmosphere is shown. The special feature of the living space 500 is that it has a partition wall 504 which extends into a water basin 502 and terminates below a water level 506 and allows the water basin to also extend outside the living space 500, for example in an adjacent room or also outdoors. The sufficient sealing of the space 500 against the environment is provided by the water basin 502 and the partition 504 projecting into the water basin 502. This allows swimmers to dive into and out of the pool through the water basin.

p0047As already stated with regard to the rooms in the <figref idrefs="f0001">FIGS</figref> and <figref idrefs="f0003">3</figref> , A supply line 508 and a discharge line 510 are provided for the supply of oxygen-enriched or oxygen-reduced room air and the discharge of the room air.

p0048An inlet sluice 512 permits the dry access to the accommodation space 500 without greater air exchange between the room air in the living space 500 and the ambient air.

p0049In <figref idrefs="f0006">FIG</figref> A space 600 with an ice surface or snow piste 602 is shown. For example, the ice or snow piste 602 is shown as an elliptical path, over which the space 600 is limited with oxygen-reduced or oxygen-enriched room air by corresponding space walls 604 and a ceiling 606. A particular feature of the living space 600 is that the supply of oxygen-reduced or oxygen-enriched gas mixture near the ground near the ice or snow pavement 602 is provided by feed lines 610 extending along the ice or snow piste 602. The gas mixture fed through the feed lines 610 can thereby be cooled and thus advantageously support the maintenance of the ice or snow piste.

p0050The gas mixture is preferably guided away via a drain 612 extending in the region of the ceiling 606 of the living space 600 along the ice or snow piste 602.