Multilayer air bag material, method of making, air bag, passive passenger restraint system comprising air bag and gastight polyamid film
Abstract
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Term
Term ended
Expired 16 September 2023, 3 years ago.
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- Today
21 claims: 21 independent, 0 dependent
- 1Laminated material, particularly for an airbag, encompassing a polymer film, preferably a polyamide polymer film, which has been bonded to a backing layer, in particular to a woven or knitted fabric, where the polymer film has at least one first and one second layer, characterized in that the first layer is formed from a material whose glass transition temperature is below -10°C, and the second layer is formed from a material whose glass transition temperature is below 20°C. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, comprenant un film polymère, de préférence, un film polymère de polyamide, qui est lié à une couche de support, en particulier à un tissu ou à un tissu à mailles, le film polymère présentant au moins une première couche et une deuxième couche, caractérisé en ce que la première couche est formée d'un matériau ayant une température de transition vitreuse de moins de -10°C et en ce que la deuxième couche est formée d'un matériau ayant une température de transition vitreuse de moins de 20°C. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, umfassend einen Polymerfilm, vorzugsweise einen Polyamidpolymerfilm, der mit einer Trägerschicht, insbesondere einem Gewebe oder Gewirke, verbunden ist, wobei der Polymerfilm mindestens eine erste und eine zweite Schicht aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Schicht aus einem Material mit einer Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als -10°C und die zweite Schicht aus einem Material mit einer Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als 20°C gebildet wird.
- 2Laminated material particularly for an airbag, according to Claim 1, characterized in that the glass transition temperature of the material of the first layer is below -20°C, more preferably below -30°C, and the glass transition temperature of the material of the second layer is below 10°C, particularly preferably below 0°C. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la première couche présente une température de transition vitreuse de moins de -20°C, en outre, de préférence, de moins de -30°C et en ce que le matériau de la deuxième couche présente une température de transition vitreuse de moins de 10°C, en particulier, de préférence, de moins de 0°C . Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der ersten Schicht eine Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als -20°C, weiter bevorzugt von weniger als -30°C und das Material der zweiten Schicht eine Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als 10°C, besonders bevorzugt von weniger als 0°C aufweist.
- 3Laminated material particularly for an airbag, according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the second layer encompasses at least one copolyester, one copolyamide, or one polyamide elastomer, the melting point of the material being equal to or above 170°C. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la deuxième couche comprend au moins un copolyester, un copolyamide ou un élastomère de polyamide, le matériau présentant un point de fusion qui se situe à ou au-dessus de 170°C. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der zweiten Schicht mindestens einen Copolyester, ein Copolyamid oder ein Polyamidelastomer umfasst, wobei das Material einen Schmelzpunkt aufweist, der bei oder über 170°C. liegt.
- 4Laminated material particularly for an airbag, according to Claim 3, characterized in that the copolyester, the copolyamide, or the polyamide elastomer has a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6, nylon-6,6, nylon-11, nylon-12, or a mixture thereof with polymer blocks composed of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, or a mixture of these. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le copolyester, le copolyamide ou l'élastomère de polyamide présente une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-6, en polyamide-6,6, en polyamide-11, en polyamide-12 ou de mélanges de ces derniers avec des blocs polymères en polyéthylèneglycol, en polypropylèneglycol, en polytétrahydrofuranne ou avec des mélanges de ces derniers. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Copolyester, das Copolyamid oder das Polyamidelastomer eine Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-6, Polyamid-6,6, Polyamid-11, Polyamid-12 oder Mischungen davon mit Polymerblöcken aus Polyethylenglykol, Polypropylenglykol, Poly-Tetrahydrofuran oder Mischungen davon aufweist.
- 5Laminated material particularly for an airbag, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the second layer comprises a polyamide elastomer which has been selected from a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6,6 with polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, or from a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-12 with polytetrahydrofuran. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la deuxième couche contient un élastomère de polyamide, qui est sélectionné parmi une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-6,6 avec du polyéthylèneglycol ou du polypropylèneglycol ou parmi une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-12 avec du polytétrahydrofuranne. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der zweiten Schicht ein Polyamidelastomer enthält, das ausgewählt ist aus einer Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-6,6- mit Polyethylenglykol oder Polypropylenglykol oder aus einer Kombination von Polymerblökken aus Polyamid-12 mit Poly-Tetrahydrofuran.
- 6Laminated material particularly for an airbag, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the first and/or of the second layer comprises at least one flame retardant. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la première et/ou de la deuxième couche contient au moins un agent ignifuge. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der ersten und/oder der zweiten Schicht mindestens ein Flammschutzmittel enthält.
- 7Laminated material, particularly for an airbag, according to Claim 6, characterized in that the flame retardant has been selected from the group consisting of halogen-containing flame retardants, phosphate esters, aluminium oxide trihydrate, magnesium oxide dihydrate, red phosphorus, zinc borate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, zinc stannate, and zinc hydroxide stannate. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'agent ignifuge est sélectionné parmi le groupe comprenant des agents ignifuges contenant des halogènes, des esters de phosphate, le trihydrate d'oxyde d'aluminium, le dihydrate d'oxyde de magnésium, le phosphore rouge, le borate de zinc, le polyphosphate d'ammonium, le cyanurate de mélamine, le stannate de zinc et l'hydroxy stannate de zinc. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flammschutzmittel ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe umfassend halogenhaltige Flammschutzmittel, Phosphatester, Aluminiumoxid-Trihydrat, Magnesiumoxid-Dihydrat, roter Phosphor, Zinkborat, Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Melamincyanurat, Zinkstannat und Zinkhydroxidstannat.
- 8Laminated material particularly for an airbag, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the backing layer comprises polyamide filaments or polyester filaments or polyamide yarn or polyester yarn and has preferably been woven or knitted, or takes the form of a nonwoven or net. Matériau composite à couches, en particulier pour un coussin d'air, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support contient des filaments ou des fils de polyamide ou de polyester et est réalisée, de préférence, sous forme de tissu, de tricot, en tant que non tissé ou en tant que réseau. Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trägerschicht Polyamid- oder Polyesterfilamente oder -garn enthält und vorzugsweise gewebt, gestrickt, als Vlies oder als Netz ausgebildet ist.
- 9Process for the production of a laminated material for an airbag, according to any of Claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:- provision of a polymer film encompassing at least two layers,- bonding, in particular lamination of the polymer film to a backing layer, preferably to a woven or knitted fabric or net, the backing layer preferably comprising polyamide, where the first layer of the polymer film is composed of a material whose glass transition temperature is below -10°C, and the second layer of the polymer film is composed of a material whose glass transition material is below 20°C. Procédé en vue de la fabrication d'un matériau à couches composite pour coussin d'air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, contenant les étapes : - de mise à disposition d'un film polymère comprenant au moins deux couches,- de liaison, en particulier de laminage du film polymère à une couche de support, de préférence, à un tissu, à une maille ou à un réseau, la couche de support contenant, de préférence, un polyamide,et la première couche du film polymère étant formée à partir d'un matériau ayant une température de transition vitreuse de moins de - 10°C et la deuxième couche du film polymère étant formée à partir d'un matériau ayant une température de transition vitreuse de moins de 20°C. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Airbag-Verbundschichtmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, enthaltend die Schritte: - Bereitstellen eines Polymerfilms umfassend mindestens zwei Schichten,- Verbinden, insbesondere Laminieren des Polymerfilms mit einer Trägerschicht, vorzugsweise einem Gewebe, Gewirke oder Netz, wobei die Trägerschicht vorzugsweise Polyamid enthält, und wobei die erste Schicht des Polymerfilms aus einem Material mit einer Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als -10°C und die zweite Schicht des Polymerfilms aus einem Material mit einer Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als 20°C gebildet wird.
- 10Process according to Claim 9, characterized in that the material of the second layer encompasses at least one copolyester, one copolyamide, or one polyamide elastomer, the melting point of the material being above 170°C. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la deuxième couche comprend au moins un copolyester, un copolyamide ou un élastomère de polyamide, le matériau ayant un point de fusion de plus de 170°C. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der zweiten Schicht mindestens einen Copolyester, ein Copolyamid oder ein Polyamidelastomer umfasst, wobei das Material einen Schmelzpunkt von mehr als 170 °C aufweist.
- 11Process according to Claim 10, characterized in that the copolyester, the copolyamide, or the polyamide elastomer has a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6, nylon-6,6, nylon-11, nylon-12, or a mixture thereof with polymer blocks composed of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, or a mixture of these, in particular a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6,6 with polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, or a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-12 with polytetrahydrofuran. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le copolyester, le copolyamide et l'élastomère de polyamide présente une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-6, en polyamide-6,6, en polyamide-11, en polyamide-12 ou en mélanges de ces derniers avec des blocs polymères en polyéthylèneglycol, polypropylèneglycol, polytétrahydrofuranne ou en mélanges de ces derniers, en particulier une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-6,6 avec du polyéthylèneglycol ou du polypropylèneglycol, ou en une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-12 avec du polytétrahydrofuranne. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Copolyester, das Copolyamid oder das Polyamidelastomer eine Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-6, Polyamid-6,6, Polyamid-11, Polyamid-12 oder Mischungen davon mit Polymerblöcken aus Polyethylenglykol, Polypropylenglykol, poly-Tetrahydrofuran oder Mischungen davon, insbesondere eine Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-6,6 mit Polyethylenglykol oder Polypropylenglykol oder einer Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-12 mit poly-Tetrahydrofuran aufweist.
- 12Process according to any of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the material of the first and/or of the second layer comprises a flame retardant as additive. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la première et/ou de la deuxième couche contient en tant qu'additif un agent ignifuge. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der ersten und/oder der zweiten Schicht als Additiv ein Flammschutzmittel enthält.
- 13Process according to any of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the polymer film and/or the layers are produced via extrusion. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le film polymère et/ou les couches sont fabriqués par extrusion. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Polymerfilm und/oder die Schichten durch Extrusion hergestellt werden.
- 14Process according to Claim 13, characterized in that the extruded layers are laminated together to give a polymer film. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les couches extrudées sont laminées ensemble pour former un film polymère. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die extrudierten Schichten zu einem Polymerfilm zusammen laminiert werden.
- 16Passive restraint system, encompassing at least one airbag according to Claim 15. Passives Rückhaltesystem, umfassend mindestens einen Airbag nach Anspruch 15. Système passif d'appui, comprenant au moins un coussin d'air selon la revendication 15.
- 17Film polymère en polyamide contenant au moins deux couches, caractérisé en ce que la première couche présente une température de transition vitreuse de moins de -10°C et la deuxième couche présente une température de transition vitreuse de moins de 20°C et en ce que la deuxième couche comprend au moins un copolyester, un copolyamide ou un élastomère de polyamide, le matériau présentant un point de fusion de plus de 170°C, et en ce que le matériau de la première et/ou de la deuxième couche contient au moins un agent ignifuge, qui est sélectionné parmi le groupe comprenant des agents ignifuges contenant des halogènes, des esters de phosphate, le trihydrate de l'oxyde d'aluminium, le dihydrate de l'oxyde de magnésium, le phosphore rouge, le borate de zinc, le polyphosphate d'ammonium, le cyanurate de mélamine, le stannate de zinc et l'hydroxy stannate de zinc. Polyamide polymer film comprising at least two layers, characterized in that the glass transition temperature of the first layer is below -10°C and the glass transition temperature of the second layer is below 20°C, and in that the second layer encompasses at least one copolyester, one copolyamide, or one polyamide elastomer, the melting point of the material being above 170°C, characterized in that the material of the first and/or second layer comprises at least one flame retardant selected from the group consisting of halogen-containing flame retardants, phosphate esters, aluminium oxide trihydrate, magnesium oxide dihydrate, red phosphorus, zinc borate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, zinc stannate, and zinc hydroxide stannate. Polyamidpolymerfilm enthaltend mindestens zwei Schichten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Schicht eine Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als -10°C und die zweite Schicht eine Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als 20°C aufweist, und dass die zweite Schicht mindestens einen Copolyester, ein Copolyamid oder ein Polyamidelastomer umfasst, wobei das Material einen Schmelzpunkt von mehr als 170 °C aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der ersten und/oder zweiten Schicht mindestens ein Flammschutzmittel enthält, welches ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe umfassendhalogenhaltige Flammschutzmittel, Phosphatester, Aluminiumoxid-Trihydrat, Magnesiumoxid-Dihydrat, roter Phosphor, Zinkborat, Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Melamincyanurat, Zinkstannat und Zinkhydroxidstannat.
- 18Film polymère en polyamide selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la première couche présente une température de transition vitreuse de moins de -20°C, en outre, de préférence, de moins de -30°C et en ce que le matériau de la deuxième couche présente une température de transition vitreuse de moins de 10°C, en particulier, de préférence, de moins de 0°C. Polyamide polymer film according to Claim 17, characterized in that the glass transition temperature of the material of the first layer is below -20°C, more preferably below -30°C, and the glass transition temperature of the material of the second layer is below 10°C, particularly preferably below 0°C. Polyamidpolymerfilm nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der ersten Schicht eine Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als -20°C, weiter bevorzugt von weniger als -30°C und das Material der zweiten Schicht eine Glasübergangstemperatur von weniger als 10°C, besonders bevorzugt von weniger als 0°C aufweist.
- 19Film polymère selon la revendication 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que le copolyester, le copolyamide ou l'élastomère de polyamide présente une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-6, en polyamide-6,6, en polyamide-11, en polyamide-12 ou en mélanges de ces derniers avec des blocs polymères en polyéthylèneglycol, en polypropylèneglycol, en polytétrahydrofuranne ou en mélange des ces derniers. Polyamide polymer film according to Claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the copolyester, the copolyamide, or the polyamide elastomer has a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6, nylon-6,6, nylon-11, nylon-12, or a mixture of these with polymer blocks composed of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, or a mixture of these. Polyamidpolymerfilm nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Copolyester, das Copolyamid oder das Polyamidelastomer eine Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-6, Polyamid-6,6, Polyamid-11, Polyamid-12 oder Mischungen davon mit Polymerblöcken aus Polyethylenglykol, Po-lypropylenglykol, Poly-Tetrahydrofuran oder Mischungen davon aufweist.
- 20Film polymère en polyamide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le matériau d'une couche, de préférence, de la deuxième couche, est un élastomère de polyamide, sélectionné parmi une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-6,6 avec du polyéthylèneglycol ou du polypropylèneglycol ou parmi une combinaison de blocs polymères en polyamide-12 avec le polytétrahydrofuranne. Polyamide polymer film according to any of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the material of one layer, preferably of the second layer, is a polyamide elastomer selected from a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6,6 with polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, or from a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-12 with polytetrahydrofuran. Polyamidpolymerfilm nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material einer Schicht, vorzugsweise der zweiten Schicht ein Polyamidelastomer ist, ausgewählt aus einer Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-6,6 mit Polyethylenglykol oder Polypropylenglykol oder einer Kombination von Polymerblöcken aus Polyamid-12 mit Poly-Tetrahydrofuran.
- 21Use of a polyamide polymer film according to any of Claims 17 to 20 for the gas-tight coating of a backing material, in particular of a woven or knitted fabric, of a nonwoven, or of a net or gauze. Utilisation d'un film polymère de polyamide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 20, en vue du revêtement étanche aux gaz d'un matériau de support, en particulier d'un tissu, d'un tissu à mailles, d'un non-tissé ou d'un réseau ou d'une treillis. Verwendung eines Polyamidpolymerfilms nach Anspruch 17 bis 20 zur gasdichten Beschichtung eines Trägermaterials, insbesondere eines Gewebes, Gewirkes, eines Vlieses oder eines Netzes oder Gitters.
Independent claims21
43 paragraphs, as filed
The invention relates to a composite layer material, particularly for an air bag, an air bag produced using such a composite sheet material, a passive restraint system with such an air bag, a method of manufacturing the airbag composite sheet material as well as a gas-tight polyamide polymer film.
Airbags are standard installed in vehicles to protect the vehicle occupants in collisions from injury. Airbags typically have a multilayer structure. A backing layer, such as a woven, knitted or other fabric is provided with plastic layers. The woven or knitted fabric ensures the desired strength and the plastic layer keeps the gas in the airbag.
Such a composite sheet material for front airbags is described for example in EP 0966352 B1. A polyamide polymer film comprises layers of films having a melting point of less than 220 ° C, wherein the polyamide of the polymer film must meet certain requirements in terms of the polymer backbone, in particular the alkyl branch. The polyamide polymer film is bonded to a fabric made of polyamide or polyester.
Unlike front airbags changing demands on side airbags. As in the case of a lateral collision there is the risk of an impact of the passenger on the panel of the inner space over a long period, the air bag for a period of 20 to 40 seconds has fully unfolded, ie be effective.
Still other requirements as provided on airbags for motorcyclists, are integrated into a jacket, for example. Even so-called avalanche airbags, which can be integrated into a backpack, have different requirements. The airbag to remain inflated to prevent lowering of the avalanche victim under the snowpack. Depending on the application, the composite sheet material defined strength on the one hand and predeterminable reduction in air resistance must therefore permit the other. This is not satisfactorily possible with the known airbags. In order to achieve the required tightness, considerably thicker layers of the materials used hitherto are necessary. This brings disadvantages such as increased manufacturing costs and poor performance characteristics with it. In addition, problems with the subsequent disposal of the laminated material arise because most different materials.
It is therefore an object of the invention to avoid the disadvantages of the known, and in particular a laminated material provide particularly for air bags and similar applications, the definable tear resistance, most extensive gas tightness and optionally defined rice point for draining the gases having. Further, it is an object of the invention, a polymer film, preferably provide based on polyamides, which is largely gas-tight.
According to the invention the object is achieved by an airbag composite sheet material, a manufacturing method of the airbag composite sheet material, an air bag passive restraint system, and a polyamide polymer film according to the features of the independent claims.
The inventive composite sheet material, particularly for an airbag, including a portion bound to a carrier material polymer film, preferably a polyamide polymer film, the polymer film comprises at least a first and a second layer. The composite sheet material is characterized in that the first layer of a material having a glass transition temperature of less than -10 ° C and the second layer is formed from a material having a glass transition temperature of less than 20 ° C. Preferably, the material of the first layer is characterized by a glass transition temperature of less than -20 ° C and the material of the second layer by a glass transition temperature of less than 10 ° C. Particularly preferably, the material of the first layer has a glass transition temperature of less than -30 ° C and the material of the second layer has a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C.
The material of the first layer, which is also the adhesive layer of the polymer film, to a lowest possible glass transition temperature T<sub>G</sub> have, since the layer must be as soft and flexible; in particular, it needs to be sufficiently flexible at -30 ° C. This flexibility ensures that the adhesive layer can ensure adequate binding of the polymer film with the tissue also at low temperatures. The adhesive layer also has a melting range niederigeren than the material of the second layer serving as a covering layer of the polymer film. This material must meet a number of requirements: The material must have a high melting temperature; adhesion of the top layer with another, it lying topcoat must be prevented wherever possible, when stored at a temperature of about 125 ° C. Then, a sufficient flexibility of the material of the covering layer also necessary at a temperature of -30 ° C. (The temperature of -30 ° C represents a standard temperature for testing the durability of an air bag material at low temperatures). With such a low temperature the coating layer must remain intact in order to maintain the tightness of the polymer film during the deployment of the airbag can.
Preferably, the adhesive layer of low-melting, soft polymers having a Tg of, especially preferred are lower than -20 ° C and able to enter into a good connection to the used polyamide fabric. Materials may preferably be polyurethane having a melting range of 100-160 ° C and a Shore A hardness less than 95. (corresponding products are eg the company Huntsman, Huntsman Polyurethanes, 2190 Executive Hills Boulevard, Auburn Hills, MI 48326, USA;. Bayer Polymers, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany or Merquinsa, Gran Vial 17, 08160 Montmeló, Barcelona, Spain forth.)
The above-mentioned bonding of the top layer must not occur when folded, built airbag. Also in accordance with the invention intended use for sailing (sailing boats, surfers, etc.) there shall be no sticking in the compressed state. Preferably, the material of the second layer comprises a copolyester, a copolyamide or a polyamide elastomer. The material here has a melting point of over 170 ° C. Such materials can meet the requirements, ie they have a deep sliding friction, a good low temperature impact strength, good abrasion resistance, are very flexible and soft.
Further preferred are copolyester, copolyamide or polyamide elastomeric materials or a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6, polyamide-6,6, polyamide-11, polyamide-12 or mixtures thereof with polymer blocks composed of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, poly-tetrahydrofuran mixtures thereof exhibit. Particularly advantageous polyamide elastomers have been found with a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-6,6 with polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol or a combination of polymer blocks composed of nylon-12 with polytetrahydrofuran. Such polyamide elastomers are among others by the company. Degussa (vestamide E series) or from the company. Atofina (PEBAX series) sold.
A significant advantage of the use of these polymeric materials with polyamide blocks of the composite sheet material is based on a simpler disposal, since substantially identical or at least similar classes of compounds are used for the construction of this layer material. The above-described materials can be used (alone or in combination or mixture with other plastics).
There are also additional layers in the composite structure is conceivable.
The copolyester, the copolyamide, or the polyamide elastomer may optionally contain additives such as antioxidants, lubricants (for example fatty acid amides) or antiblocking agents (for example silica), which improve the properties of these materials, such as stability or workability.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the airbag composite sheet material, the material of the first and / or second layer comprises at least one flame retardant. These flame retardants can be based on halogen-containing or halogen-free components. The halogen-containing flame batches contain as Deca-bromo-cyclohexane, octa-bromo-diphenyl ether, etc., etc., or antimony (Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) In a carrier polymer which is usually LDPE. It is also halogen-free flame retardants are used, such as phosphate esters, alumina trihydrate, magnesium oxide dihydrate, red phosphorus, zinc borate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, zinc stannate or Zinkhydroxidstannat.
The addition of a flame retardant increases the stability of the polymer film of the airbag composite sheet material against the thermal load by the hot combustion gases, which are released during the deployment of the airbag. A melt-through, or a light-off of the polymer film and thus a malfunction of the airbag is thus avoided.
Conceivable is also a coloring at least one of the layers of the polymer film. This allows easy distinction between the adhesive layer and the cover layer.
Advantageously, the composite sheet material, particularly for an airbag, a backing layer, which made of polyamide or polyester filaments or yarn can be woven eg. The backing layer may be formed non-woven or knitted or crocheted, or as a network (grid). Carrier material and film layer must be connected. This can be achieved in particular by gluing or laminating. In this example, one of the layers or the carrier material to softening temperature can be connected to the or the other layers by pressing or on a laminating line. The bonding or laminating of substrate and film layer may be carried out sequentially or in a single operation. It is important that the composite sheet material comprising a layer for reinforcement and adjustment of the strength of the air bag and to ensure the gas tightness. Of course also carries the carrier layer slightly to the strength and the support layer can influence the gas tightness. The backing layer may also be pre-treated or pre-coated.
Another aspect of the invention is a process for the preparation of the inventive composite layer material. The method comprises the steps of providing a polymer film, which comprises at least two layers, and the lamination of the polymer film with a support layer, preferably a woven or knitted fabric, preferably a polyamide fabric on. The polymer film or the materials of the first and the second layer have identical properties as already mentioned above for the composite layer material.
The polymer film or its first and second layers can be produced by extrusion. A suitable extrusion process is a blow-extrusion, wherein extrusion of other types, which are used for the production of films, especially coextrusion is also very well suited. Important in these types of extrusion, however, is that blank sheets or films produced in the desired thickness. The preferred extrusion process is a blow coextrusion or a flat film coextrusion. Such extrusion processes are known in the art.
In one embodiment of the method, the first and second layer prepared by separate extrusion, as is done in a further step, the laminating these layers to form a polymer film. This additional step, it is possible also polymer films; which consist of different materials to use for the manufacture of the airbag composite sheet material.
Also an aspect of the invention is an airbag, which is made of a composite sheet material according to the invention. For such Airbag appropriate blanks from the laminated material are produced and these together to the airbag.
One aspect of the invention is also a passive restraint system which comprises at least one airbag according to the invention.
The invention is also a polyamide polymer film, which comprises at least two layers. This polyamide polymer film is characterized in that the first layer has a glass transition temperature of less than -10 ° C and the second layer has a glass transition temperature of less than 20 ° C, and that the second layer comprises at least one copolyester, one copolyamide, or one polyamide elastomer, wherein the polyamide elastomer has a melting point of over 170 ° C. Preferably, the material of the first layer has a glass transition temperature of less than -20 ° C, more preferably of less than -30 ° C and the material of the second layer has a glass transition temperature of less than 10 ° C, more preferably of less than 0 ° C to ,
The polyamide polymer film advantageously has identical features and components as have already been described above in the explanation for the airbag composite sheet material.
The inventive polyamide polymeric film is largely impermeable to gas and therefore can be preferably used as a gas-tight coating of a fabric. The use for the production of airbags or sailing offers a variety of surprising advantages and provides great flexibility in design.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to examples.
Examples 1 to 3
By blowing extrusion are films from vestamide E40 S3 (Example 1), vestamide E62 S3 (Ex. 2) and vestamide EX 9200 (Ex. 3) (manufacturer. Degussa) with basis weights of 20, 35 and 45 g / m<sup>2</sup> produced. From the same raw materials and flame-retardant films by adding 0% were (1-0, 2-0, 3-0) 5% (1-5, 2-5, 3-5), 10% (1-10, 2 -10, 3-10) or 20% (1-20, 2-20, 3-20) of a commercial, incorporated in polyethylene flame retardant (LUVOGARD PE 81, Fa. Lehmann & Voss) made (the designations first enter the example compound and second the proportion of flame retardant again). The blown-film extruders used is a plant of the company Collins (type 25x30D, equipped with a standard 5-zone screw, which is suitable for extrusion of different polymers. He has a corresponding Blasfolienababzug (Type 180/400) on.
The extrusion of the films was carried out under the conditions indicated in Table 1 below. <tables id="tabl0001" num="0001"><table frame="all"><title>Table 1: extrusion conditions for Examples 1-3</title><tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="37mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="22mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="37mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="34mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="37mm" colsep="1" /><thead><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">raw material</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">Collection in ° C</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="left" valign="top">Heating zone 1-5 rising in ° C</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="left" valign="top">Head temperature in ° C</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="left" valign="top">Remarks</entry></row></thead><tbody><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">1-0, 1-5, 1-10 or 1-20</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">155</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">170-200</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">200</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="left" valign="top">All films are very soft, with no specks with very good mechanical properties</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">2-0, 2-5, 2-10 or 2-20</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">155</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">170-200</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">200</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="left" valign="top">As for Ex. 1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">3-0, 3-5, 3-10 or 3-20</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">170</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">190-230</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">230</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="left" valign="top">As for Ex. 1</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
The individual films were laminated together to form 2-layer films in a Meyer Doppelbandflachkaschieranlage (type KFK-S 400 700). Flachbandkaschieranlage: 2 endless belts carry the product through the system. A band runs around the upper Teiil the laminating and the other band the lower part. Both belts are driven by the same motor, so that the belts always run synchronously. The speed of the belts can be adjusted continuously. The distance between the upper and lower part of the plant (height) can be varied in order to ensure adaptation to the product thickness. After heating many products require a compaction pressure. Two press rolls press with a preselected force to the product. The downward movement of the upper press roll is limited by an adjustable stop. This attack is called level. Thus, the press roller presses with the preselected force in the product, but not as it allows the level stop. After passing through the press rolls, the laminate is guided through the belts through the cooling region and can be wound up at the end of the plant. As the adhesive layer, or low melting gentler layer, a film of 35 or 45g / m<sup>2</sup> Grammage of vestamide E40 S3 with 0% (1-0), 5% (1-5) or 10% (1-10) of the flame retardant-PE mixture used. As outer layer, or high-melting layer, a film of 18 g / m<sup>2</sup> Vestamide E 62S or 20g / m<sup>2</sup> Vestamide EX 9200 with 0% (2-0, 3-0), 10% (2-10, 3-10) or 20% (2-20, 3-20) of the same flame retardant-PE mixture used.
The lamination of the described films on the two layer films was carried out under the following conditions:<tables id="tabl0002" num="0002"><table frame="none"><tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="75mm" colsep="0" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="16mm" colsep="0" /><tbody><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">laminating</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">170 ° C.</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">layer thickness</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">0.1 mm</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">Level (height adjustment of the upper press roll)</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">0mm</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">Executed pressure</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">1 N</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">Laminating speed</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">6 m / min</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
In another method of manufacture a 2-layer film was composed of 20 g / m<sup>2</sup> Vestamide EX 9200 with 10% of the flame retardant-PE mixture (3-10) and VESTAMID E40 S3 with 5% of the flame retardant-PE mixture (1-5) on a 3-layer blown film co-extrusion, as they now stand art and are manufactured and sold by companies such as Reifenhäuser, Alpine or Windmöller Holscher-prepared. The Schichtdikkenverteilung was 22.5 g / m<sup>2</sup> 1-5 of the component (extruder 1), 22.5 g / m<sup>2</sup> 1-5 of the component (extruder 2), and 20 g / m<sup>2</sup> Component 3-10 (extruder 3).
The thus produced 2-layer films or coextruded 2-layer film may be laminated on the Doppelbandkaschieranlage of Meyer on a polyamide fabric of high tenacity yarn (Type OPW, Berger Safety Textiles). Such composite layer materials as mentioned, preferably used as airbag fabric seals.
The process conditions for the lamination of the multilayer films to the fabric would be as follows:<tables id="tabl0003" num="0003"><table frame="none"><tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="75mm" colsep="0" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="16mm" colsep="0" /><tbody><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">laminating</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">170 ° C.</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">layer thickness</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">0.1 mm</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">Level (height adjustment of the upper press roll)</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">0.5 mm</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">Executed pressure</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">18 N</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left" valign="top">Laminating speed</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="left" valign="top">1 m / min</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
Examples 4 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2
The above-described two-layer film composite airbag fabric layers were tested for the solubility of the outer layer of another coating layer, which is in intimate contact with the former, tested. For this purpose the top layer of a test piece of 10 x 10 cm size to the outer layer of another specimen of also 10 x 10 cm size was placed. This stack was loaded with a weight of 10 kg and left in a hot-air oven for 14 days at 125 ° C. The various pieces of tissue were removed after this period from the oven and stored at room temperature for 1h. After cooling, the release behavior of Gewebstükke was determined by measurements. The results are shown in Table 2 below. The information on the adhesive layer or top layer refer to the indicated in the examples 1 to 3 compounds, including the respective added amounts of flame retardant-PE mixture and the basis weight of the films, designated as 1-0 / 35, for example, a film of vestamide E40 S3 without flame retardant additive having a basis weight of 35 g / m<sup>2</sup>, The comparative examples are representative examples of various material combinations of extrudable, thermoplastic polyesters, polyether-polyurethanes or polyester polyurethanes. PU1 corresponds to thermoplastic polyester-polyurethane having a melting range of 110-130 ° C and a Shore A hardness of 85. Such products are for example by the company Huntsman, Huntsman Polyurethanes, 2190 Executive Hills Boulevard, Auburn Hills, MI 48326, USA; Bayer Polymers, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany or Merquinsa, Gran Vial 17, 08160 Montmeló, Barcelona, Spain produced and distributed. PU2 is a high-melting polyester polyurethane having a melting range of 160- 170 ° C and a Shore A hardness of 85-90. Such products are manufactured and sold by the company Bayer Polymers, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany or Merquinsa, Gran Vial 17, 08160 Montmeló, Barcelona, Spain. PES is a high-melting polyester having a melting range of 210-220 ° C and a Shore A hardness of Shore D 57. Such products are, among others, from DSM, DSM Engineering Plastics, Poststraat 1, N-6130 AA Sittard or Eastman Eastman Chemical Company, 100 North Eastman Road, POBox 511, Kingsport, TN 37662-5075 manufactured and marketed<tables id="tabl0004" num="0004"><table frame="all"><title>Table 2: Separation experiments of Examples 4 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG.</title><tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="47mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="23mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="23mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="35mm" colsep="1" /><thead><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">example</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">adhesive layer</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">topcoat</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">Separation behavior *</entry></row></thead><tbody><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">4</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-0 / 35</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-5 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">5</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-0 / 35</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-10 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">6</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-0 / 35</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-20 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">7</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-5 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-5 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">8th</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-5 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-10 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">9</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-5 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-20 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">10</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-10 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-5 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">11</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-10 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-10 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">12</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-10 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">2-20 / 18</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">13</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-0 / 35</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-0 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">14</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-0 / 35</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-10 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">15</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-5 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-0 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">16</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-5 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-10 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">17</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-10 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-0 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">18</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-10 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-10 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">19</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">1-5 / 45 **</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">3-10 / 20 **</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">1</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">V1</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">PU1 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">PES / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">3</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">V2</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">PU1 / 45</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">PU2 / 20</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center" valign="top">4</entry></row></tbody></tgroup><tgroup cols="4" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="47mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="23mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="23mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="35mm" /><tbody><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col4" align="justify" valign="top">*: 1 = Both layers can be separated without effort, 2 = Both layers can be easily separated, 3 = Both layers can be separated, 4 = Both layers can not be separated without damaging the surface (tearing of the adhesive).</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col4" align="justify" valign="top">**: Coextruded film</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
In another series of tests the adhesion of the adhesive layer with the tissue or the covering layer were examined. These laminates were prepared using the following sequence of layers: PA fabric - adhesive layer - top layer - adhesive layer - top layer - Adhesive - PA fabric. These laminates had a size of 5 x 20 cm.
For laminating two pre Fabric 2-layer film composites were laminated with an adhesive layer of the composition vestamide E40 S3 with 45% of the flame retardant-PE mixture (1-45) against each other. There are working as before, moreover, the same conditions as for the production of tissue-2-layer film composite.
Were prepared each 6 corresponding laminates of any combination. The 2 laminates (Type 1120.25 Fa. Zwick, August-Nagel-Strasse 11 D-89079 Ulm, Germany) clamped and the peel strength measured at room temperature storage after production in a tensile testing machine. A peel strength of> 0.6 N / mm is generally considered good. Two of the laminates were stored for one hour in boiling water. After drying at room temperature for 6 hours again, the peel resistance was measured. The peel value should not be less than 70% of baseline. The boiling test is intended to simulate the occurring in the car hot and humid climate conditions. From the measured values of Table 3 shows that the thicker adhesive film of 45g / m<sup>2</sup> tend to the better results are obtained.
According to DIN 53375 a sliding friction coefficient is determined. A lowest possible coefficient means that the surfaces slide on each other well, which is especially important during the opening of the airbag, as this can lead to difficulties such as an uneven development otherwise. A coefficient of <0.6 is considered sufficient. For the same reason, the storage test of the previously described surfaces, ie the cover layers to each other carried out at 125 ° C.
As a further test, a horizontal flame test was carried out analogously to standard UL 94 HB. A horizontally clamped strip was exposed to a flame and ignited with a Bunsen burner in the middle for 20 seconds. It was examined whether the strip blowing to the end. If he does not blow, it is classified as being in order. The polyamide elastomers are inherently flame retardant. By contrast, burning the strip by using polyurethane and polyester topcoat. A very good flame retardancy is achieved by the addition of 10% of a flame retardant PE mixture in the top layer and of 5% of the mixture in the adhesive layer. Table 3 summarizes the results of the test experiments described together.<tables id="tabl0005" num="0005"><table frame="all"><title>Table 3: Properties of different combinations of adhesive and topcoat.</title><tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="32mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="35mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="34mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="34mm" colsep="1" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="33mm" colsep="1" /><thead><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" morerows="1" rowsep="1" align="center" valign="top">example</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col3" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="center" valign="top">peel resistance</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" morerows="1" rowsep="1" align="center" valign="top">Friction (slip.) If 0:25 μ</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" morerows="1" rowsep="1" align="center" valign="top">Self-extinguishing in% of fire tests</entry></row><row><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center" valign="top">at RT storage (target> 1 N / mm)</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center" valign="top">After boiling test 100 ° C / 1 h in N / mm</entry></row></thead><tbody><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">4</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.91</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.73</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:38</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">50</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">5</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.79</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:50</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:44</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">25</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">6</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.92</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:59</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:41</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">40</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">7</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.70</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.66</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:47</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">8th</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.94</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.74</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:38</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">84</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">9</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">1:02</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.96</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:46</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">10</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.68</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.64</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:38</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">11</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.62</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:54</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:46</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">12</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.68</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:52</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:40</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">13</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.64</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:44</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:42</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">14</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.78</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:46</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:44</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">15</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.75</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.7</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">16</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.79</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.72</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">17</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.63</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:48</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">18</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.73</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">12:57</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">19</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.8</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.73</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.4</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">V1</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.6</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">0</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="center" valign="top">V2</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40" /><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" valign="top" align="char" char="." charoff="40">0.8</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center" valign="top">0</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
Every citation, both ways
| Document | Relation | Office | Cited during |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8182906B2 | Cited by | United States of America | Applicant |
| US8007902B2 | Cited by | United States of America | Applicant |
13 members in 9 offices
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03020933 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A | |
| EP20030020933 | – | – | – |
Members13
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP1518761A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| CA2539036A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2005035323A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| MXPA06002954A | Mexico | A | |
| EP1518761B1This record | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| AT334852T | Austria | T | |
| PL379290A1 | Poland | A1 | |
| DE50304487D1 | Germany | D1 | |
| ES2268242T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| US2007065614A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| CA2539036C | Canada | C | |
| US8377833B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| PL216371B1 | Poland | B1 |
93 legal events, as 8 offices reported them to INPADOC
Over the term
Point at a mark for the eventEvents
| Event | Code | Office | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Announcement of lapse in spainLapsedFD2A | FD2A | ES | |
| Expiry of rightR071 | R071 | DE | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal feeCeasedGBPC | GBPC | EP | |
| Ep patent has lapsedLapsedEUG | EUG | SE | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Fee paymentPLFP | PLFP | FR | |
| Fee paymentPLFP | PLFP | FR | |
| Transfer of patentPC2A | PC2A | ES | |
| Transmission of propertyTP | TP | FR | |
| Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)REGISTERED BETWEEN 20161124 AND 20161130732E | 732E | GB | |
| Change of applicant/patenteeR081 | R081 | DE | |
| Change of representativeR082 | R082 | DE | |
| Change of representativeR082 | R082 | DE | |
| Change of representativeR082 | R082 | DE | |
| Fee paymentPLFP | PLFP | FR | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Patent ceasedCeasedPL | PL | CH | |
| Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]GrantedPGFP | PGFP | EP | |
| Transfer of patentPC2A | PC2A | ES | |
| Change of applicant/patenteeR081 | R081 | DE | |
| Change of applicant/patenteeR081 | R081 | DE | |
| Transmission of propertyTP | TP | FR | |
| Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)REGISTERED BETWEEN 20110210 AND 20110216732E | 732E | GB | |
| New agentNV | NV | CH | |
| AssignmentPUE | PUE | CH | |
| Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modifiedOppositionORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPOPLAB | PLAB | EP | |
| Opposition proceedings terminatedOpposition27C | 27C | EP | |
| Termination of opposition procedure: date of legal effect publishedOppositionORIGINAL CODE: 0009276PLBM | PLBM | EP | |
| Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patentGrantedSTATUS: OPPOSITION PROCEDURE CLOSEDSTAA | STAA | EP | |
| Termination of opposition procedure: decision despatchedOppositionORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOPC1PLBD | PLBD | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition receivedOppositionORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS3PLBB | PLBB | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Opposition withdrawnWithdrawnORIGINAL CODE: 0009264PLBP | PLBP | EP | |
| Be: lapsedLapsedBERE | BERE | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Information modified related to communication of a notice of opposition and request to file observations + time limitOppositionORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCOBS2PLAF | PLAF | EP | |
| Opposition filedOpposition26 | 26 | EP | |
| Notice of opposition and request to file observation + time limit sentOppositionORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS2PLAX | PLAX | EP | |
| Opposition filedOppositionORIGINAL CODE: 0009260PLBI | PLBI | EP | |
| European patents designating ireland treated as always having been voidFD4D | FD4D | IE | |
| Definitive protectionFG2A | FG2A | ES | |
| Fr: translation filedET | ET | EP | |
| Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extensionLTIE | LTIE | EP | |
| Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents actLapsedNLV1 | NLV1 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Translation of granted ep patentGrantedTRGR | TRGR | SE | |
| Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)GBT | GBT | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| New agentNV | NV | CH | |
| Corresponds to:REF | REF | EP | |
| European patents granted designating irelandGrantedLANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMANFG4D | FG4D | IE | |
| European patent takes effect as a national patent in ch/liEP | EP | CH | |
| Designated contracting statesAK | AK | EP | |
| Request for extension of the european patentAX | AX | EP | |
| European patent grantedGrantedNOT ENGLISHFG4D | FG4D | GB | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]LapsedPG25 | PG25 | EP | |
| (expected) grantORIGINAL CODE: 0009210GRAA | GRAA | EP | |
| Grant fee paidORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3GRAS | GRAS | EP | |
| Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patentORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1GRAP | GRAP | EP | |
| Designation fees paidAKX | AKX | EP | |
| Extension fees paidAXX | AXX | EP | |
| Extension fees paidAXX | AXX | EP | |
| Extension fees paidAXX | AXX | EP | |
| Extension fees paidAXX | AXX | EP | |
| Request for examination filed17P | 17P | EP | |
| Designated contracting statesAK | AK | EP | |
| Request for extension of the european patentAX | AX | EP | |
| Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phaseORIGINAL CODE: 0009012PUAI | PUAI | EP |
Numbers
- Publication
- 1518761
- Publication, DOCDB
- 1518761
- Publication, EPODOC
- EP1518761
- Application
- 3020933
- Application, DOCDB
- 03020933
- Application, EPODOC
- EP20030020933
Titles3
- German
- Verbundschichtmaterial insbesondere für einen Airbag, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, Airbag, Passivrückhaltesysteme mit Airbag, sowie gasdichter Polyamidpolymerfilm
- English
- Multilayer air bag material, method of making, air bag, passive passenger restraint system comprising air bag and gastight polyamid film
- French
- Matériau multicouche pour sacs gonflables, méthode de fabrication, système de retenue passive comprenant un sac gonflable et film polyamide étanche aux gaz
Classification
- CPC, 15
- B32B27/34
- B32B27/12
- B60R2021/23514
- B60R2021/23523
- Y10T156/1028
- Y10T428/1362
- Y10T442/2041
- Y10T442/3894
- Y10T442/2025
- Y10T442/2139
- Y10T442/20
- Y10T442/3854
- B32B5/022
- B32B5/024
- B32B5/026
- IPC, 4
- B60R21 16
- B32B27 34
- B32B27 12
- B60R21 235
Designated states31
- Contracting states, 27
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Switzerland
- Cyprus
- Czechia
- Germany
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Spain
- Finland
- France
- United Kingdom
- Greece
- Hungary
- Ireland
- Italy
- Liechtenstein
- Luxembourg
- Monaco
- Netherlands (Kingdom of the)
- Portugal
- Romania
- Sweden
and 3 moreShow fewer
- Slovenia
- Slovakia
- Türkiye
- Extension states, 4
- Albania
- Lithuania
- Latvia
- North Macedonia