Crane

The present invention relates to a crane with an upright about an axis slewing, luffing a revolving frame about a horizontal axis articulated arm, a tilting mechanism for luffing up and down of the boom, and a the moment of the boom counteracting operating ballast.

During lifting of very long booms, the problem is that at the bottom lying boom own and accordingly a very large lever arm inducing a large torque. To compensate for this, must accordingly heavy counter ballast are attached to the crane and the boom can ever erected. On the other hand, in the crane operation often so large ballast not required, since in certain applications the boom is always driven in relatively steep luffing position. To the boom yet to a relatively smaller operating ballast raise, has already been proposed, one arranged upstream of the upper carriage of the crane provide additional support that when raising the boom a Nachvomekippen the crane prevented. Such additional supports, however, require regular the provision of appropriate foundations.

The present invention is therefore the object of an improved to provide crane of the type mentioned, the disadvantages of the prior Technique avoids and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner. Preferably is to be achieved the erection of even very long boom combinations without having to provide superfluous ballast for operation.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a crane according to claim. 1 Preferred embodiments of the invention are subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the crane is characterized therefore by the fact that an auxiliary erecting is provided by at the upper carriage and / or the operating ballast Rear cantilever fastened and with erecting the erecting is the boom connected. The erecting frame can so at the mounted rear the superstructure or the attached operating ballast be that it from the back side opposite to the boom of the upper carriage protrudes rearward and has a prolonged lever arm on which the can be fixed erecting. The erecting is specifically fixed for raising the boom to the erecting and for the Crane operation removed. By erecting it has a very large Lever arm a Nachvornekippen the crane when raising also long boom prevented.

In development of the invention can be applied to erecting a preferably mobile auxiliary crane to be attached, the assembling of the crane use place. The erecting frame has this suitable suspension means, at the auxiliary crane can be attached as erecting. The Usage the mobile support crane, which actually the building of the crane is used when additional ballast has the advantage that additional low loader can be saved, which otherwise additional rotary platform ballast transported to the site would be.

It is understood, however, that if necessary, otherwise existing additional ballast as Erecting can be hung on the erecting frame.

In a further aspect of erecting the crane operation is made its cantilevered rearward position in another crane operating position brought in which the auxiliary erecting substantially within the superstructure or the attached operating ballast defined pivot range lies. For crane operation of projecting rearward Aufrichterahmen would be disruptive, so it advantageously from its projecting rearward erection position can be removed.

In particular, the Aufrichterahmen can be pivoted on the superstructure and / or the hinged operating ballast and by a pivoting device between the after pivoted rear projecting erection position and a crane operating position will. The pivot axis about which the Aufrichterahmen can be pivoted, advantageously extends substantially horizontally in the area of The superstructure so that the Aufrichterahmen after the pivoting device can be swung up into said crane operating position. The Swivel device can generally have different designs. After a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one hydraulic lift provided to pivot upwards erecting frame.

Advantageously, the Aufrichterahmen releasably with releasable fastening means secured and dismantled. This allows the Aufrichterahmen after Raising the boom to be dismantled entirely, so that the crane operation no disturbing effect of Aufrichterahmens is given. On the other hand, the above-described embodiment, after the Aufrichterahmen in an upward pivoted crane operating position can be brought, the advantage that the Aufrichterahmen can be used as additional ballast.

The suspension means of the auxiliary erecting frame, in which the auxiliary erecting can be hung, to further development of the invention two longitudinally the auxiliary erecting spaced fasteners have whose distance from one another is adjustable. The adjustable distance between the Suspension enables different sized mobile auxiliary cranes as erecting to use. In particular, the auxiliary cranes can at their floor supports be suspended. Inasmuch as vary their spacing depending on the mobile crane can, allows the distance variable training of the fasteners to the erecting frame, miscellaneous trained auxiliary cranes to the erecting attach. Optionally, however, the fastening elements can in defining a fixed, unchanged distance to the erecting be arranged if there is sufficient with only a certain additional ballast or mobile auxiliary crane to work.

In the invention, the fastening elements of crossbeams can be formed, of which at least one in the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary erecting changeable, preferably displaceably arranged on the auxiliary erecting is. The transverse support collars transverse to the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary erecting beyond this. They can at their ends hooks or other suitable attachment means own, where suspension ropes or the like for attaching the Aufrichtehilfsballasts can be fixed.

In development of the invention possess the means of attachment of the auxiliary erecting a height adjuster to level differences between the crane balance and its attached auxiliary erecting and erecting can, eg. as if the ground behind the crane tilted slightly runs. The height adjustment device may be designed differently. Preferably is the height adjustment device in such a way that each breakpoint the suspension means is separately adjustable in height. It can in training each associated with the invention, each fastener is a threaded spindle be, by means of which the attachment point is adjustable in height.

To easily build the Aufrichterahmen principle could a guying be provided for erecting, with this at the guying of the boom is attached. In development of the invention, the However, fixed Aufrichterahmen also devoid of bracing on the superstructure be. In this way, the mounting is facilitated. need guy wires or rods not to be mounted.

The Aufrichterahmen can vary in length. The above operation Ballast backwards addition cantilevered cantilevered length of Aufrichterahmens is preferably so adapted to the length of the boom righted that a suitable Erecting sufficient. According to one embodiment of the invention the Erecting a over the operating ballast projecting rearward own cantilever length which is at least the distance of the operating ballast center of gravity corresponds to the upper carriage rotation axis.

The invention is described with reference to a preferred embodiment and associated drawings explained. In the drawings:<dl tsize="7"><dt>Fig. 1:</dt><dd>a schematic side view of a crawler crane with revolving Superstructure on which a hinged lying still on the ground boom is that it is erect, one at the rear of the rotating stage Erecting frame with attached thereto mobile auxiliary crane as erecting is attached, and</dd><dt>Fig. 2:</dt><dd>a schematic side view of the crane of Fig. 1, wherein at the Erecting frame instead of the auxiliary crane, a conventional plate Ballast is appended as erecting.</dd></dl>

The crane shown in the figures has a lower chassis 1 having a chassis 2, which is embodied in the illustrated embodiment as a tracked undercarriage and includes two spaced left and right crawlers. On the undercarriage 1 is about an upright axis of rotation 3, a revolving stage and a rotatable upper carriage 4 stored. The upper carriage 4 carries a boom 5, the horizontal to a rocking axis 6 is hinged to the upper carriage 4 and in the usual se a hoisting cable can run on its tip.

On the back side opposite the pivot point of the boom 5 of the Superstructure 4 transmits this operation ballast 7, of the cantilever 5 or a hanging thereon load induced breakdown torque counteracts.

The boom 5 can open and luffed a bracing 8 to the rocking axis 6 and are raised from the position shown in the drawings. The guying 8 is guided via a supporting arm 9 to the guying 8 to give a better lever arm. The outrigger 9 is a rocking axis for 6 axis parallel pivotable. The bracing is known in itself Way on several occasions been cared luffing 10 in the area of ​​operating ballast 7 out of the superstructure.

To the raising of the possibly very long boom 5 of the illustrated in the figures stored at the bottom position with only limited operating ballast, the it would actually be too low to allow, is at the rear of the superstructure 4 a Aufrichtehilfsausleger 11 angebolzt with locking bolts. The erecting frame 11 preferably consists of two parallel longitudinal beams, which by a plurality of cross profiles are welded together. It is understood that the auxiliary erecting be 11 but formed as a truss or otherwise could. The erecting frame 11 extends in a flat uprising of the crane substantially horizontally to the rear, essentially in the height of the top the superstructure 4. In any case, the erecting frame 11 is arranged so high that a mobile auxiliary crane, which is used to build the crane under is it mobile.

On top of the auxiliary erecting frame 11 cross member 12 are attached, the laterally beyond the collar over erecting 11 and in this longitudinally the erecting frame 11 are arranged positionally variable. The crossbeam 12 For example, for longitudinal displacement on the erecting 11 be and be fixed in various positions stored. At the ends of Crossmember 12 are vertically effective screws provided 13, the fasteners wear for example in the form of hooks on which steel cables can be attached to mount the Aufrichtehilfsballasts. With the help of Threaded spindles 13, the breakpoint of the fasteners 14 height adjusted be to level differences between the auxiliary erecting 11 and to compensate for floor below.

As Figure 1 shows, the cross member 12 advantageously such from each other spaced apart that their distance to the distance from the ground supports of the auxiliary crane equivalent. The laterally extended from the auxiliary crane ground supports attached by means of steel cables 15 to the crossbeams 12, so that the auxiliary crane an erecting 16 forms.

It is understood that instead of the mobile auxiliary crane, a separate Zuatzballast can be attached, as shown in FIG. 2

The erecting frame 11 can basically rigidly bolted to the superstructure 4 , so that it occupies the position shown in the figures erection position. For the operation of the crane, the auxiliary erecting frame is then removed and abgebolzt. Operation Ballast 7 alone is sufficient for operating the crane in particular when it is operated only with steeply erect boom.

In altemative embodiments of the invention, the auxiliary erecting frame 11 at the Superstructure 4 also be mounted pivotally, namely advantageously a the rocking axis 6 axis parallel. The erecting frame 11 can a associated pivot drive 17, for example in the form of a hydraulic power lift be by means of which the auxiliary erecting frame 11 from the substantially horizontally projecting rearward erection position to an operative position can be pivoted upward, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2 In the in the raised operating position is erecting at least 11 insofar pivoted upwards that it stands above the ground obstacles away pivots. Preferably, the auxiliary erecting 11 may extent to be swung up, that he within the from the rear edge of the superstructure 4 defined pivot circle comes to rest. would Compared to Figure 2 of erecting a little further to pivot upward. In order not to collide with the Verstellverseilung 10, the auxiliary erecting frame may range its articulation have a U-shaped profile, so that the stranding between can pass the two legs.