Process for operating a device traversed by a fluid and preparation system for a fluid

The invention relates to a method for operating one of a medium-flow component. It is aimed more flowing through a treatment system for a component Medium and to a steam power plant with such a Treatment system.

In a steam power plant usually is a steam turbine plant for generating electric power or for Driving a machine used. Here is an in an evaporator circuit of the steam turbine plant run Working medium, typically a water-steam mixture, in a Vaporizer vaporizes. relaxed The steam thus generated to perform work in the steam turbine and is then a capacitor supplied. The condensed in the condenser Working fluid is then passed through a feed water pump fed back to the evaporator. The steam power plant can Attending designed as a gas and steam turbine, in a designated as an evaporator heat recovery steam generator heated by expanded working medium from the gas turbine becomes.

Due to operational reasons it may be necessary that the water-steam cycle such a steam power plant circulating Working fluid or water or steam with chemical additives to provide. In this case, depending on the concept of the evaporator, for example for corrosion protection, an alkaline chemical base the working medium with a pH of more than 9.0 to be required. To adjust this alkaline base chemistry can the working medium, for example, ammonia (NH₃) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄admixed) be.

Such a working medium with alkaline-based chemicals can but - depending on the parts or components used the water-steam circuit of the steam power plant Materials - for increased corrosion at one of the working medium perfused component lead. When using a for Component aggressive working medium with alkaline-based chemicals Such a component thus has a only a limited life span on. In particular, an air-cooled condenser in aluminum, its use in a steam power plant desirable in view of special operating conditions, may be, in general, not for a working medium suitable alkaline base chemistry.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a method for operating one of a medium flowing through the component indicate with which even when using a for the component aggressive work or flow medium a particularly ensures long service life of the component. furthermore is a particularly suitable for performing the method Purification system for a medium flowing through a component be specified.

As for the method for operating a medium of a perfused component is the above object according to the invention solved by the flowing medium from the component a concentration of a wall material characterizing Characteristic value is determined, and by the function of determined characteristic value to the component flowing medium film-forming excipient is admixed.

The invention is based on the consideration that a particularly a long life of an aggressive medium is perfused component attainable by the to the medium kept particularly low attributable corrosion becomes. For a particularly low corrosion should those Components of the device, which in the medium close Contact come with a corrosion-inhibiting protective layer be coated. In a particularly simple manner, such a Protective layer using a film-forming auxiliary, preferably a film-forming surfactant, to the Medium exposed wall surfaces of the component be applied. Around even with longer service life of the component ablation the film-like protective layer on the medium exposed Wall surfaces of the component securely with particularly little effort to avoid, the protective layer should be renewed, if necessary, or boost. A need for renewal of the Protective layer is detected in a particularly simple manner, by the onset of corrosion of the medium exposed wall material is determined. For this purpose, the Operation of the component, the concentration of the wall material in the continuously monitored from the component flowing medium. For a demand-renewal or reinforcement of Protective layer, the film-forming auxiliaries to the component inflowing medium in dependence on the measured Concentration of the wall material admixed.

Suitably, the the component flowing medium as a film-forming excipient, a film forming surfactant, preferably Octadecylamine, admixed. Such a film-forming Surfactant typically comprises a mixture of long chain unbranched hydrocarbons having a terminal Amino group. The proportion of primary amines should preferably be about 99.9%.

The coming applying surfactant or fatty amine mixture can Registered as a main component, for example, octadecylamine (C18) in a combination 58-70% and / or C16 in a Concentration of 23 and 34% contained. How extensive trials revealed forms such a surfactant, a monomolecular, organic barrier layer on the material surface. Such barrier layer prevents direct contact exposed between the aggressive medium and this Wall surfaces of the component largely, so that the corrosion due to the aggressive medium is particularly low. The Barrier layer is preferably made of cationic and thus formed surfactant film-forming surfactants.

The method is particularly for operating a capacitor a steam power plant suitable. Conveniently, this the adjuvant in a water-steam drum of the steam power plant fed. To determine the characteristic value is in this case Preferably, the concentration of iron or aluminum concentration measured in the effluent from the condenser medium.

With respect to the treatment system for a component flowing through Medium is achieved the above object by at a controller input side a measuring system for determining a the concentration of a material in the wall of the component connected flowing medium characterizing characteristic value is the regulator output side to a the component medium side upstream mixing unit for a film-forming auxiliary is connected.

The treatment system is particularly suitable for use in a steam power plant with a in a water-steam cycle switched capacitor. The treatment system is the capacitor associated with the component.

Preferably, the mixing unit for the film-forming Excipient in a capacitor in the water-steam cycle connected upstream water-steam drum. The steam power plant can thus run with very little effort be

The advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular that by blending of film-forming excipient in which the component flowing medium depending on the concentration of the wall material in the out of the component flowing medium with particularly simple means demand Regenerating a protective layer for the medium ensures exposed wall surfaces of the component.

Corrosion of the medium exposed surfaces of walls of Component due to the medium is thus largely avoided, so that the component has a particularly long life. In a steam power plant is thus without limiting the Lifetime use of an air cooled condenser in Aluminium design possible, even if due to other operational requirements an operation of the steam power plant with a Working medium required with alkaline-based chemicals should be. Such a capacitor is thus particularly flexible.

An embodiment of the invention is based on a Drawing explained. In it, the figure shows schematically a steam power plant.

The steam power plant 1 according to the figure comprises a steam turbine 2, the shaft 4 via a turbine with a generator 6 connected is. The steam turbine 2 whose output is over a steam line 10 connected to a capacitor 12, the designed as air-cooled condenser in aluminum is. In this case, in particular those wall surfaces the capacitor 12, to assist it in its operation with the by flowing working medium A come into contact, in aluminum executed. In other words, the capacitor 12 is as a wall material for the flowing in the water-steam cycle 34 Working medium aluminum provided.

The capacitor 12 is connected via a line 14, in which a condensate pump connected 16, a feedwater tank 18. The feedwater tank 18 has an outlet side via a feed line 20, in which a feedwater pump 22 is connected, is connected to a steam drum 24th to Preheating of the steam drum 24 to be fed feedwater S can in the line 20 a number not shown Vorwärmeheizflächen be connected or economizer.

The steam drum 24 is water vapor output side and input side with, disposed in a steam generator 26 Evaporator 28 connected. In the exemplary embodiment is the Steam generator 26 is formed as a waste heat, the by the exhaust gas of a gas turbine, not shown is heatable. Alternatively, however, a fossil-fired or nuclear be provided steam generator. At the steam drum 24 is still a Nutzdampfausgang 30 arranged, of a disposed in the steam generator 26 superheater 32 is connected to the steam turbine, the second

The steam turbine 2 may include one or more pressure stages. Depending on the number of pressure stages and depending on the design of Water-steam circuit 34 of the steam turbine 2 can additionally to the heating surfaces shown in the figure 28 and 32 be provided additional heating surfaces.

In the 12 to the capacitor on the output side connected Line 14 is connected in a measuring system 40th The measurement system 40 is to determine the concentration of aluminum in the working medium provided. The measurement system 40 comprises not in detail illustrated manner a sensor for measuring the aluminum concentration in conducted in line 14 working medium. The measuring system 40 is connected via a data line 42 a controller 44 connected. The controller 44 in turn has its output via a data line 46 to a mixing unit 48 for a film-forming surfactant, namely octadecylamine, respectively.

The mixing unit 48 comprises a reservoir 50, which via an admixing line 52 to the water-steam drum 24. is connected to the steam power plant. 1 About the water-steam cycle 34 is the mixing unit 48 the capacitor 12 thus upstream working medium side.

To set a feed rate of the surfactant in the water-steam cycle 34 is a via in the admixing line 34 the data line 46 controllable valve 54 is switched.

The steam power plant 1 is also when using a air-cooled condenser 12 in aluminum for the Operating an im- water-steam circuit 34 circulating working medium A designed with alkaline-based chemicals. This is made possible in that the working medium A suspended Wall surfaces of the connected into the water-steam cycle 34 Components, in particular of the capacitor 12, with a Protective layer are provided. The protective layer is as an approximately monomolecular organic barrier and prepared by the use of a film-forming surfactant. The protective layer prevents direct contact in particular between the data processed in the capacitor 12 Aluminum and the circulating water-steam cycle 34, Aluminium for aggressive working medium A.

To even after prolonged operation of the steam power plant 1 a partial or complete removal of the wall surfaces of the capacitor 12 is applied, and a protective layer thereof To prevent corrosion resulting sure the Steam power plant 1 for a required, the regeneration Protective coating designed. The need for regeneration of the at to the working medium A wall exposed surfaces of the capacitor 12 provided protective layer is based onset Corrosion of these panels found. On a onset of corrosion of these panels is made of a rise the aluminum concentration in the condenser 12 flowing working medium A closed. For this purpose, the operation the steam power plant 1, the aluminum concentration in the continuously from the condenser 12 flowing working medium A measured. Generated Based on the measured value gained the measurement system 40 characterizing an aluminum concentration Characteristic value K, which in via data line 42 the controller is transmitted 44th

In response to the so determined characteristic value K generated by the Controller 44 a control command for the valve 54, via the Data line is transmitted 46th At an aluminum concentration below a predeterminable limit value, the valve 54 kept closed. When the predetermined crossing Limit, however, the valve 54 depending open from characteristic K. takes place through the opening of the valve 54 thus, if necessary, admixing of the reservoir 50 mounted film forming surfactant octadecylamine in the Water-steam circuit 34 of the steam turbine 1. The admixed so film-forming surfactant passes through the water-steam cycle 34 into the condenser 12 and condenses there under Supplement or replacement of existing there protective layer on the working medium A wall exposed surfaces low. Thus, a need-based regeneration of Protective layer guarantees.