Hand grenade for generating smoke quickly

The invention relates to a new grenade in the form of a quick smoke grenade.

Hand grenades are military melee weapons and are used to combat concealed targets that lie in casting distance. Usually, hand grenades from an envelope, a Sprengstoffüllung and an igniter. Optionally, the shell of the hand-grenade to be formed so that they strongly fragmented. In any case, the Sprengstoffüllung is detonated by ignition.

Furthermore, it is known to produce for camouflage or to confuse the enemy by means of a smoke grenade body a cloud of mist. A smoke are known in various embodiments. For example, from DE-B 11 85 510 and DE-B 14 28 657 smoke grenade known whose in-a union agent container smoke composition can be brought through a contact head for effect. From EP-A 0 046 230, a smoke grenade is known whose smoke composition comprises indicates, in a longitudinal breaking points sleeve layered stacked compacts with central recess in which an ignition charge is disposed. Given the fog agent to be granulated and compressed into compacts. The disadvantage of such a molding compound, however, is that ignites the pellets immediately and then responds quickly, so that the fog effect is not very long holds. In addition, the granules falls quickly to the ground, so that no longer standing cloud can be developed. Although with compacts, prolonged operational period are achieved, however, make such a projectile due to its mass, especially in the case of decomposition of a smoke grenade, a hazard potential.

From DE-A 28 11 016 are finally throwing body with an electrically operable contact head and a thereto arranged with a lid sealed box-shaped projection means containers are known which are launched from a firing cup to lure missile by infrared radiation and deceive.

The previously known mist generating devices were all associated with disadvantages. Either were highly toxic compounds, used as white phosphorus, to produce the mist or the forming nebula did not last long. Other fog substances are used in the hand grenade only Punktnebler and have the disadvantage of a longer-lasting fog build-up time.

It is an object of the invention to provide a smoke-generating body in the form of a quick smoke grenade in which the fog agent very quickly forms a long-area persistent fog that scored next to the visual range in the infrared effect, and its ingredients are less toxic than known fog agents. At the same time is of the remaining in the decomposition of such grenade heavier components no risk of injury for these grenade launchers operated out. The same also applies to the smoke-producing substance.

This object is achieved by a quick smoke grenade with<ul><li>(I) a manually operable ignitor arranged from a central bore having headpiece with a one at the side of the head piece pivotally actuated by a tension spring and a firing pin having impact piece and arranged pivotally with one on the opposite other side of the head piece and a securing element secure safety catch, which holds clamped or secured the hammer over the spring,</li><li>(II) an active mass body of a drawn aluminum can with a head piece of the igniter head associated and reinforced construction ground, one arranged in the aluminum can to form an the interior of the can centrally penetrating channel fog agent in the form of with fog drug based on red phosphorus coated combustible discoid or disc sector-shaped thin leaves (flares) low mass and the aluminum can on her headboard firmly closing lid, and</li><li>(III) a Anzündzerlegereinheit of a headpiece of the igniter head to the bottom of the aluminum can of the active mass body connected respectively via screw thread insert and from a fixed to a central bore of the insert drawn thin-walled aluminum capsule, which virtually traverses the freed from the mist center channel to the bottom of the aluminum can and in a Ansündzerlegerladung firing up the fog and means for decomposing the aluminum can by means of an optional central ignition core is arranged, wherein the pyrotechnic active chain is formed by the firing pin of igniter-destructor of a disposed in the central holes of the head piece and the insert Primer followed Anzündverzögerungselement, the safety catch on a first connecting element is securely attached to the head of the igniter head and the aluminum can lid closing securely over an second connecting element is connected to the reinforced base of the aluminum box.</li></ul>

With the fast smoke grenade invention can be constructed in a very short time a very stable mist cloud that serves to disguise or confuse the enemy either. With the fast smoke grenade invention, it is possible to build a fog cloud with a diameter of up to 10 m within 1 to 2 seconds, up to 2 minutes are then remains in the air. The ingredients and the mist formed therefrom are ecotoxicologically nontoxic. The Abbrandstoffe are at most low toxicity, so that only a low impact on the environment is achieved. Furthermore, the individual parts of the massive fast smoke grenade are interconnected so that the thrower of which can not be violated. The distributed mist particles that are so easy that their storage in a radius of 10 m extending to the cutting point and thus occurs no danger to the thrower.

In the present active mass body can be used instead of an aluminum can, preferably of a drawn aluminum can, a box from another customary for this purpose metal such as sheet metal, or even of a suitable plastic can be used, being used in particular for environmental reasons, then especially degradable plastics.

The ignitor of the quick smoke grenade invention is constructed in a conventional manner, whereby its securing bracket especially distinguished in that it prevented by its special shape and in particular its extended bow fork unintentional disengagement from the arranged on the head piece fuse element. Further, an unwanted separation of the circlip after operation of the igniter head and thus extending therefrom for the bowler danger According to the invention prevents the retaining clamp is connected via a connection element securely connected to the head piece of the fuse head, connecting to which this connecting element preferably consists of a at the respectively to Share securely fixed steel wire, steel wire or steel bar exists. The head of the igniter head can be made of any material customary for this purpose. It consists in particular of aluminum and is preferably made by die casting. The arranged in the central bore of the head piece firing cap is a common in the technology component, the active component is initiated in a manner upon impact of the strike piece about the arranged thereon firing pin intended for direct ignition of the thus operatively connected and arranged in the insert of Anzündzerlegereinheit Anzündverzögerungselements leads. This striking piece is constructed including its individual elements also in a conventional manner.

The preferred aluminum can of the active mass body is preferably made by thermoforming, extrusion or die casting. This allows easy production of a compact and provided with a reinforced floor box, which is required both for reasons of strength as well as for safe assembly and installation of the to be arranged in the bottom to be anchored or around other components of the quick smoke hand grenade according to the invention. The aluminum can is provided by the arrangement Anzündzerlegereinheit in the central bore of their enhanced soil, which is preferably via a screw thread, from its open bottom at the to be placed therein elements. These include, inter alia, the preferably provided, resting on the ground and by a spring, in particular a snap ring, is acted upon shim. Furthermore, this includes the known connecting element is preferably also provided that this is to be arranged in the annular gap between the thin-walled aluminum sleeve and the Anzündzerlegereinheit arranged therearound mist means extending within the aluminum can. Of course, this connecting element can first be fixed in such a case, the bottom of the aluminum can. Then the form of combustible disc-shaped or disc sector-shaped thin plates (flares) low mass is introduced present fog agent in the aluminum can. After completely filling the aluminum can with the fog means forming flares this can is tightly closed with a lid, which can be done using per se conventional means, and preferably done by arranging an adhesive between the inner surface of the lid and the associated therewith outer jacket of the aluminum can. After assembly of the cover on the aluminum can also existing in a preferred embodiment, in the annular gap connecting member under application of measures must be attached at the bottom of the cover, which provide a secure connection of the reinforced base of the aluminum box with its lid.

This connection element may for example consist of a securely fixed steel wire, steel wire or steel bar, is preferably provided by a certain excess length to it that can be fixed before the laboring of the active mass body already on the cover this element before it is finally placed. Instead, such a connection member may also be a so-called strainer pipe, as per se is usual for fixedly connecting of the bottom of such cans with the respective cover. For this purpose, the Respective sleeve Anzündzerlegereinheit around, namely in a released channel, simply a perforated tube (to the trouble-free passage of the combustion gases) and in an appropriate manner, as fixed by screwing, to the parts to be joined.

The in a preferred embodiment between the reinforced soil and adjacent to the top layer of fog agent also known arrangement of a holding a pen, preferably a snap ring, acted shim serves to compensate fine tolerances and especially to allow the fog agent thereby in the form of a compact the body is fixed in the aluminum can.

In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum can of the active mass body in its sheath radial or better longitudinal breaking points on, which are expediently is arranged in the shell of aluminum can longitudinal grooves that can be imprinted equal in the production of aluminum can. This predetermined breaking points a decomposition of the aluminum can is facilitated and at the same time allows a clean round redistribution contained in the aluminum can mist agent with the result that the desired large and clean fog cloud is formed, which is relatively long in limbo and is nachgenährt the burning fog agent.

As support for the fog means forming thin plates are suitable different plastics and uncoated or coated paper. The latter is preferred, since the former normally always contains some water, so that premature reaction could result with the red phosphorus representing the base of the fog agent. The applied to the carrier pyrotechnic active mass contains for generating the mist as the main active ingredient of red phosphorus. It preferably consists of about 70 wt .-% to 80 wt .-% pyrotechnic mass comprising red phosphorus and from about 20 wt .-% to 30 wt .-% of a binder which is a polyvinyl chloride paste is preferably. This pyrotechnic composition may also contain other conventional additives, for example, a proportion of magnesium, to further accelerate the misting.

The fog means forming flammable discoid or disc sector-shaped thin plates (Kreissegmentteilchen, which are optionally interconnected by webs and as disc-shaped particles present) correspond in their outer circumference approximately to the inside diameter of the aluminum can and in its inner circumference about the inserted into the formed central channel thin-walled aluminum capsule of the Anzündzerlegereinheit. However, while a relatively narrow annular groove or at least one small channel is preferably recessed, where the preferably disposed between the bottom of the aluminum can and the lid of which connecting element can be accommodated. The particular shape of the fog agent has the advantage that the fog agents can arrange in a very economic and densely packed manner in the aluminum can, which leaves burn after their Igniting relatively slowly from the edge to the center. This will leave the leaves float relatively long in the air and holding her fog forming effect - as opposed to the burning of granular fog agent - also relatively long time. Of course, may be on one or preferably both sides with fog agent of the carrier of the fog agent.

The third essential component of the quick smoke hand grenade according to the invention is a Anzündzerlegereinheit, the insert piece is preferably arranged via a screw thread firmly and sealingly in the center bore of the reinforced base of the aluminum box. The head portion of this insert is suitable means, again preferably a screw, fixed to the head portion of the igniter head, the individual components are necessary, also played sealed gas-tight in a suitable manner. In the central bore of the insert a virtually extending through the entire active mass body thin aluminum sleeve is arranged. The insert of Anzündzerlegereinheit may in turn be comprised of any conventional material for this purpose, and is preferably made of aluminum. In the thin-walled aluminum capsule of the Anzündzerlegereinheit any customary per se igniter-destructor be included, but is the active ingredient of this charge is preferably a classical pop record based on Aluminiumkaliumperchlorat (Al / KClO₄), Because such a sentence is far less toxic than a set based on magnesium and barium nitrate (Mg / Ba (NO₃)₂). The chain of action and thus the ignition gap of arranged in the head piece of the igniter head Primer for igniter-destructor in the thin-walled aluminum capsule is formed over a disposed in the central bore of the insert of Anzündzerlegereinheit Anzündverzögerungselement. This ensures due to its predetermined delay to ensure that the fast smoke grenade invention can develop after even successful mechanical initiation after a desired time, and thus throw distance, under decomposition of the aluminum can and ignition and discharge of fog means its effect. At the same time Anzündverzögerungselement allows the shooter rolls a certain time for throwing the grenade and to be able to bring, if necessary, also in safety. For quicker ignition and better response by existing in the aluminum capsule igniter-destructor also an ignition core is arranged in the latter preferably. Instead of particles composed of more active material can be randomly distributed in the igniter-destructor where appropriate, which is necessary, turn provides for rapid ignition and by reaction of the actual igniter-destructor. The predetermined time period within which the responding by Anzündverzögerungselement and then lights the igniter-destructor, is only a few seconds and can for example be in the range of 3 to 8 seconds.

The use of aluminum as a building material for the essential components of the quick smoke grenade invention brings besides the advantage of ease of production of such items to further benefit than this, that this material has the desired in such devices corrosion resistance and compatibility with most pyrotechnic compositions, so that then can be dispensed with a special corrosion protection. Moreover, in such a case also formed during the decomposition of particles are so light that they can not fly far and will not cause injury.

Before throwing the quick smoke grenade invention is the Koshien comprises so that the safety catch is retained. With the other hand, the securing element is unlocked. Then the safety catch is held only by the throwing hand. If the grenade is now thrown, then the securing bracket can pushed away from the spring-loaded firing pin and so the firing pin strike the arranged in the head piece of the igniter head firing cap and thereby initiate the charge therein, and then bring the entire chain of action in motion. After the predetermined delay time existing in the Anzündzerlegereinheit igniter-destructor is ignited, decomposed the thin-walled aluminum capsule and thereby set the surrounding these fog agent in fire. Simultaneously, the sheath of aluminum can is broken down by the resulting pressure, and the burning fog forming discs are ejected to form a clean and floating cloud in the area. Here, the thrower of the grenade is especially thus protected against mechanical damage that the massive particles of quick smoke grenade invention connected by respective fuse elements and can not fly apart.

The invention will now be illustrated by a single figure, which is shown in a longitudinal section through a quick smoke grenade invention.

Specifically, the figure shows an igniter head A, which can be manually operated by means of a rope clip 11th The securing bracket 11 is secured with a securing element 13 on the headpiece 1 of the igniter head A. Further, the headpiece 1 and oppositely about the securing element 13 in. By means of the tension spring 7 and their attachment swivel arrangement, a firing pin 9 exhibiting firing pin 5 attached, which is held under spring pressure from the safety catch 11 or secured The head piece 1 has a central bore 3, in which the firing pin 5 associated upper end a firing cap 37 is arranged, which comprises a conventional and can be initiated on by shock ignition. The circlip 11 is (a steel wire in this case) is connected via a connecting element 41 integral with the headpiece 1 of the igniter head, in order to prevent in this way a separation and a separate flying off the circlip 11 from the head after throwing and the reaction of the present quick smoke grenade , In headpiece 1 a screw thread is also arranged 27, through which the ignitor can be connected to a Anzündzerlegereinheit C and the latter also fixed with an active mass body B.

And further shows in detail an active mass body B with first a drawn aluminum canister 15. In the preferably a screw thread 29 having central bore of the reinforced bottom 17 of this box is to be described later in detail Anzündzerlegereinheit C gas tight sealing arranged. Inside the aluminum tin 15 a a preferred embodiment is arranged directly corresponding shim 47 in the region of its reinforced base 17 which is acted upon by a spring 49 which is a snap ring in the form illustrated, with pressure.

In the central bore of the insert 25 of Anzündzerlegereinheit C the thin-walled aluminum sleeve 31 is also arranged in a gas-tight closing form. The thin-walled aluminum sleeve 31 extends axially substantially through the entire aluminum can 15 and is overall filled with an igniter-destructor 35, which is based in the preferred embodiment on a classic pop record made of aluminum and potassium perchlorate, especially since this is much less toxic than the Anzündzerlegersätze other commonly used, based on a mixture of magnesium and barium, which is classified as toxic. In the central bore 33 of the insert 25 of the C Anzündzerlegereinheit Anzündverzögerungselement located 39 whose active mass gives each desired delay, for example, an initial delay of 3.5 ± 0.5 seconds. The aluminum can 15 is filled to form a channel 21, or even a recess for guiding a connecting element 43 with the total fog means 19 in the form of coated combustible disc-shaped and disc-sector-shaped in the preferred embodiment, leaflets (flares). These are coated in the preferred embodiment on both sides with a mist of active ingredient based on red phosphorus, wherein said coating preferably consists of about 70 wt .-% to 80 wt .-% pyrotechnic mass comprising red phosphorus and about 20 wt .-% to 30 wt .-% binder.

The aluminum can 15 of the active mass body B is connected at its originally open end fixed with a lid 23, said solid compound is in the preferred embodiment, an adhesive not shown, and disposed between the inner surface of the lid 23 and the associated portion of the aluminum can fifteenth The reinforced bottom 17 of the aluminum can 15 is fixed to the cover 23 via a connecting element 43, which is in the illustrated and preferred embodiment is a steel wire, which in a free held by Channel 21 annular groove between the thin-walled aluminum sleeve 31 and the mist means 19 or as an alternative, only one of which recessed longitudinal groove is performed. The is acted upon by the spring 49 balancing disc 47 serves, moreover, as previously mentioned, to compensate for the dimensions from tolerances, a possible remaining volume and virtually solid cohesion of the mist means 19 forming combustible disc-shaped or disc sector-shaped thin plates (flares).

The operation of the quick smoke grenade invention is known in the art per se and has already been briefly described. It is therefore unnecessary, then discussed further below. Of course, the invention is not limited to the aforementioned specific embodiments, but should also extend to lying within the skill of the art modifications, provided that this use is made of the essential elements of the invention.

<b>LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS</b>

<dl id="dl0001" compact="compact"><dt>A</dt><dd>= Ignitor</dd><dt>B</dt><dd>= Effective mass body</dd><dt>C</dt><dd>= Anzündzerlegereinheit</dd><dt>1</dt><dd>= Headpiece</dd><dt>3</dt><dd>= Central hole (in the headpiece 1)</dd><dt>5</dt><dd>= Strike piece</dd><dt>7</dt><dd>= Tension spring</dd><dt>9</dt><dd>= Striker</dd><dt>11</dt><dd>= Securing bracket</dd><dt>13</dt><dd>= Securing element</dd><dt>15</dt><dd>= Aluminum can</dd><dt>17</dt><dd>= Reinforced base (the aluminum can 15)</dd><dt>19</dt><dd>= Fog agents</dd><dt>21</dt><dd>= channel</dd><dt>23</dt><dd>= cover</dd><dt>25</dt><dd>= Insert</dd><dt>27</dt><dd>= Screw thread (at tip 1)</dd><dt>29</dt><dd>= Screw (on the insert 25)</dd><dt>31</dt><dd>= Thin-walled aluminum capsule</dd><dt>33</dt><dd>= Central hole (in the insert 25)</dd><dt>35</dt><dd>= igniter-destructor</dd><dt>37</dt><dd>= Primer</dd><dt>39</dt><dd>= Anzündverzögerungselement</dd><dt>41</dt><dd>= First link (the igniter head A)</dd><dt>43</dt><dd>= Second connecting element (the active mass body B)</dd><dt>47</dt><dd>= Shim</dd><dt>49</dt><dd>= spring</dd><dt>51</dt><dd>= ignition core</dd></dl>