Strut, especially floor supporting strut in building construction

The invention relates to a support, in particular Dekkenstütze for building, with two relatively telescopic Support elements via a pin / hole connection at least relative to a loading direction can be locked, wherein the hole friction of the holes at least one supporting element compared to an adjacent profile thickness of the respective Support element is widened. Furthermore applies the Invention features a method according to claim 4 and an apparatus this claim. 8

Such supports are usually made of a tubular inner support element and a tubular outer supporting element, in which the inner support member telescopically is. On the outer circumference of the outer supports element located at least locally, a thread and axially parallel to the thread two oppositely arranged oblong holes. On the thread is screwed a support ring for supporting a used by the two slots fitted through the studs. The internal supports member has a predetermined spacing holes through which the stud bolt can be passed. The fine adjustment of the total support is then accomplished by turning of the support ring. With such support play two factors a crucial role. On the one hand you want the supports as easy as possible to build, so they easy to handle are. On the other, in this context, the problem, that the greatest load on the bearing stress of the holes, in which the stud bolt is inserted, collected so possible is that no impermissible deformations occur. Around to take account of this, has already been described in DE-A-29 35 187 and DE-A-44 00 360 proposes the profile thickness in the range the holes of the inner support member over the entire to increase length so that the bearing stress of the holes widened is. This widening is generally obtained through the Selecting appropriate rolled sections or by welding a achieved gain. Although such a configuration already a great weight savings while maintaining sufficient strength of Bearing stress provides, one is nevertheless striving more make improvements.

It is the object of the present invention, a support of initially provide the type mentioned, an adequate Strength in the hole region with the lowest possible profile weight provides.

This object is achieved in that the widening the bearing stress by punching shapes one on the loading side formed of the hole arranged on one side support lug is whose support surface substantially form exactly one adapted corresponding Lochleibungsbereich the hole.

This means that by the invention a compression of artificially is generated in the load area of ​​the bearing stress, as when Use of restraints under too high bearing pressure or normal "aging phenomenon" would arise. Furthermore the invention has the enormous advantage that the widening the bearing stress occurs only on the side of the hole, where the Force is transmitted. With props for building with unilateral Loading direction which is typically the upper portion the hole because of this on the top load the studs imprints. In contrast to such damage, in which the hole with time assumes an oval shape and pin bolt therefore has game, has in the invention of the hole a dimensionally accurate dimension that receiving a permits with little play of the stud bolt. In contrast to the Reinforcing the hole portion of the support element over the entire Length, is in the inventive solution, no additional Cost of materials needed because the support lug of material is formed, which provided when punching the hole becomes. This can be a very serious weight savings achieve. In addition, there is the widening the bearing stress only at the required location.

As preferred form, the holes may have a circular shape and the Support lug having a matching sickle shape that production engineering easiest to implement, and for the Load type is best.

Particularly easily the support of metal, preferably Steel manufacture, because especially here there is a possibility the supporting element consists of a strip material by Stanzform- and produce bending or rolling operations.

In the following protection is for a method for producing a Hole for a duty in a predetermined direction of loading Pin / hole connection, particularly for a post of any the claims 1 to 3, protection is sought. This method is characterized by the following steps:<sl><li>a) cutting a hole with predetermined play between Form punch and die in the region of the subsequent loading side the bearing stress of the hole to form a predetermined burr;</li><li>b) post-forming of the ridge by a stamping process to form a support nose with a support surface which substantially dimensionally accurate to a corresponding Lochleibungsbereich the hole is adapted.</li></sl>

The process is distinguished by its simplicity. By deliberately choose a too large clearance between the die opening and the forming die in the field for forming the Support lug is obtained an intended burrs. This one-sided protruding burr can then in a subsequent stamping operation are pressed into the desired shape of the support lug. The very idea of ​​this invention is that it deliberately unfavorable at a location to be punched the hole generates punching conditions for the formation of an otherwise unwanted Grates lead.

Advantageously, the process steps a) and b), of the same shape temple are performed, whereby in one operation takes place the formation of the hole with the support tab.

To ensure the quality of the hole and dimensional accuracy of the support surface the support tab to increase, may in a variant in another Step calibration of the hole at least in the effected region of the loading side and the support surface.

A simplification of the procedure may be advantageously characterized be effected in that the steps a), b) and c) of the same Forming die are performed. Thus, in one operation carried out a hole with support nose with a very high dimensional stability.

Further protection is sought for a device for Performing the method according to any one of claims 4 to 7th

The apparatus comprises a die and an orifice in a the die retractable forming die for punching the hole from a workpiece, wherein between the opening and a Punching area of ​​the punch in the subsequent loading side the bearing stress of to be punched hole to form a predetermined burr provided a predetermined clearance is, and an embossing means for reshaping the ridge in a Support nose with a support surface which is substantially dimensionally accurate adapted to a corresponding Lochleibungsbereich the hole is. The otherwise an exact fit into the opening of the die insertable form temple has only a certain range an intentional play on. Characterized in that the major part of the circumference of the forming punch is guided in the opening, the punch can not dodge in that direction, whereby a well-defined Burr arises.

Conveniently, the embosser as above formed punched portion disposed on the forming die stamping area be that during the embossing process the ridge in the upper Edge of the opening in the female die disposed mold cavity for forming the props nose presses. This itself provides the Possibility by reducing the clearance between the opening Die and mold punch to perform the stamping operation. The ridge can then accordingly into the mold cavity that the exact appearance the props nose defined are pressed. The reduction the game may conveniently be carried out continuously.

To improve the dimensional stability, a calibrating device be provided in at least the hole in the workpiece calibrated range of the load side and the support surface.

In this context has been found to be advantageous if the calibration than in a further variant, above the embossing region on forming punch disposed Calibration is formed with Kalibrierschneide. In a such training, all three forming processes (stamping, Embossing and calibration) in a single operation by means of the same shape temple performed.

Thus a clean embossing and calibrating with the corresponding done clean design of the supporting nose and support surface, can both the embossing region and the calibration region in substantially exact fit with little play in the opening of the die be introduced.

Since it is the holes mainly circular holes is, the mold cavity, seen in plan view, one at exhibit opening adapted sickle shape. This can be particularly easy to manufacture and guarantees a clean clinging the support lug on the hole.

In a further embodiment of the molding die is in a arranged above the die, sprung guide plate arranged. The guide plate guaranteed by the spring loading a clean pressing on the workpiece, even if having this slightly different thickness dimensions. at appropriate discharge of the springs, the workpiece, in particular Strip material, are advanced.

In the following, an embodiment of the present invention illustrated by a drawing. It shows:<dl tsize="6"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>a partial view of a cross section through an inventive Support,</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>A perspective detail of the inner Supporting element,</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>a cross-section of the section of Figure 2 along the line III-III cut,</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>a cross-section of the section of Figure 2 along the line IV-IV cut,</dd><dt>Fig. 5</dt><dd>an apparatus for producing a hole in accordance with of the present invention in a cross sectional view,</dd><dt>Fig. 6</dt><dd>rotated the device of Figure 5 in a 90 ° Cross-sectional view,</dd><dt>Fig. 7</dt><dd>the forming die of Figure 5,</dd><dt>Fig. 8</dt><dd>rotated the mold die of Figure 7 in a 90 ° View,</dd><dt>Fig. 9</dt><dd>the forming die of Figure 7 in a view from below,</dd><dt>Fig. 10</dt><dd>the die of Figure 5 in a cross-sectional view,</dd><dt>Fig. 11</dt><dd>a section of the die of Figure 10 in a Top view,</dd><dt>Fig. 12</dt><dd>the punching of the hole according to the present Invention,</dd><dt>Fig. 13</dt><dd>the embossing process and</dd><dt>Fig. 14</dt><dd>the calibration process.</dd></dl>

The cross-sectional area shown in Figure 1 of a support, as it in for use for supporting Cladding Building is used, showing essential for containing substances. The Support comprises a tubular outer support element 1, which with his foot, not shown, rests on the ground and at its upper end a threaded portion 2 having, in this telescopic, tubular inner support member 3, from the upper end of the lower supporting element 1 protrudes and with a not-shown supporting head at its upper end with the corresponding element to be supported in Be brought into contact, and a transverse to the supporting elements 2, 3 by this hindurchsteckbaren studs 4. Go through Tekken the stud bolt 4 comprises the lower supporting element 1 in its threaded section 2 two arranged opposite Slots 5. The internal supports element 3 has a plurality of holes 6, which always two are opposite in alignment and wherein the spacing of the holes 6 to the next hole pair in the axial direction seen is less than the length of the threaded portion 2. Further, on the threaded portion 2, a support ring 7 screwed, against which the stud bolt 4 relative to lower supports element 1 is supported.

The holes 6 are only on the loading direction A predetermined load page 8 with the bearing stress the hole 6 widening support lug 9 provided. Figures 2 to 4 now show in detail the formation of a hole 6 in top support element 3. The supporting lip 9 is in the interior of the support element 3 and has projecting in plan view the hole 6 is matched to this sickle shape. In cross section, seen the supporting lip 9 is approximately triangular. By forming a support surface 10, the exact fit at the bearing stress is nestling the hole 6 on the loading side 8 increased. It is quite possible, through training the support surface 10 a doubling of the bearing stress Hole 6 to attain.

Hereinafter, the operation and function is the above-described explained embodiment example.

The user of the support provides these at an appropriate place on the lower foot, not shown, and removed by Holding the upper support element 3 the stud bolt 4. By Telescoping of the support elements 1, 3 relative to each other a rough pre achieved. For this purpose, a suitable Hole pair 6 selected. Then the studs 4 is the slot 5 and the holes 6 for locking the supporting elements 1, 3 pass through it. The remaining route to the facility not head to the element to be supported is shown covered by turning the support ring. 7 This operation is similar to the familiar props, so the presentation throughout the rest could be dispensed with.

It now takes a load on the support in the direction of loading A, so that the force on the load side of the hole 8 6 on the pin bolt 4 and from there via the support ring 7 the lower supporting element 1 is transmitted. This particular the upper support element 3 lightweight relatively thin can be carried out, the load side of the hole 8 6 been strengthened by the support tab. 9 The size of the support surface 10 is selected so that the enlarged bearing stress the can withstand the highest pressures at this point. This is done no "aging" of the hole 6, whereby its precisely fitting circular shape is maintained. The game between studs 4 and hole 6 is therefore, even with frequent use, approximately consistently. Lift out of this design, that the cost of materials for producing the supporting lip 9 relative is low, so that the weight used over previously Support can be significantly reduced.

Reference to the Figures 5 to 14 will be described below an embodiment an apparatus and by a method, for preparing a hole 6 explained with a support tab. 9

The embodiment of the device comprises essentially a Die 11 a supported with an opening 12 by compression springs 13 Guide plate 14 and a in a guide opening 15 of the guide plate 14 slidably guided form Temple 16th Characterized in that the guide plate 14 can be lifted from the die 11 is can be positioned strip material 17 between these two and advancing. The strip material 17, which preferably consists of Sheet steel, is then in a further operation in the form of the corresponding element supports 1, 3 rolled. Of the Forming die 16 has at its lower end a bevelled Punching area 18, an arranged directly above stamping area 19 and above this a calibration 20 on. The punching section 18 has a side somewhat upset Cross-section, but otherwise the form exactly the top diameter D_M the opening 12 of the die 11 is adapted. The Width a of the punching region 18 thus has a clearance S = D_M-a to the opening 12. At the upper edge of the opening 12 is a crescent Mold trough 21, which is substantially the Shape of the nose forming supports 9 corresponds.

In embossing region 19 is again a continuous lifting upsetting to the forming die 16 has a diameter D achieved which is substantially the diameter D_M the opening 12 equivalent. The game S therefore shrink substantially on only the establishing of the punch 16 in the opening 12 minimum required.

In Calibration 20 a recess 22 is located, the would also be referred to as a flute. This is a Kalibrierschneide 23 is formed, which is also the substantially Diameter D is adjusted.

On guide portion 24 of the punch 16 are two opposite Sliding surfaces 25 is provided, which accordingly in the shaped opening 15 of the guide plate 14, the exact angular position establish.

In the following reference to the figures 12 to 14 an embodiment the method based on the above embodiment, the Device explained in more detail.

can be seen in Figure 12, that the punch section 18 of the forming die 16 penetrates into the strip material 17 and already partially the material to obtain the hole 6 out dancing. simultaneously is by the play S between punching region 18 and the diameter D_M the opening 12, a burr 26 formed of the partially is pressed into the mold cavity 21st On the opposite Page is done by only minor game between punching region 18 and the opening 12 a clean punching without significant burrs.

Does the forming die 16 is now further into the opening 12, as seen in Figure 13, the embossed region 19 comes with the Ridge in contact and by reducing the Game S is the Ridge 26 substantially form exactly in the mold cavity 21 to form the supporting lip 9 is pressed. The material section 27 at this time is already completely from the strip material 27 separated.

Then slide through another driving down the Forming die 16 of the gage 20 with its Kalibrierschneide 23 on the already to support lug 9 shaped ridge 26 by for a dimensionally accurate as possible support surface 10 is formed is that a form fit snugly against the rest hole. 6 By Kalibrierschneide 23 takes place, as for calibration usual, a small chip removal.

After forming the supporting lip 9 of the casting die 16 moves again in its raised position, so that it completely out of the range the strip material 17 moves out. At the same time the relieves pressure springs 13, so that the guide plate 14 also is raised. The strip material 17 can now accordingly for forming a further hole 6 with support lug 9 advanced and then by the guide plate 14 the compression springs 13 are clamped again.

This process allows the production of a corresponding Hole 6 with support lug 9 in a single operation, thereby the production time of the hole forming the invention over the production time of a hole previously known Support elements no different. The strip material 17 is then rolled into the shape of the support element the third It should emphasized once again at this point, however, that the weight saving, which is achieved by this design, very high is.

This invention is applicable not only for props, but principle for all metallic components which have a connect pin / hole connection with another component are.