Blood treatment device

p0001The invention relates to an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of a human or animal body withdrawn blood according to the preamble of claim 1.

p0002Devices for the treatment of human or animal blood with "oxygen, activated oxygen, or with so-called singlet oxygen" are generally known. The oxygen-containing treatment media are hereinafter referred to by the term "gas treatment". In this treatment, the collected blood is subjected to a vacuum bottle or a plastic bag of gas treatment and then transfused back into the human or animal blood vessel. One such device is apparent from the DE-OS 4238884 and 4340730, and is used for oxygenation in the blood. A device for gas treatment of blood by means of the hematogenous oxidation therapy (HOT) is known from DE-OS 3521802 is known, the blood is pumped out during the removal in a collecting vessel, in which subsequently by exchanging a device is used for the HOT-treatment. By this disclosure it is known to foam the blood in the collecting vessel by the supply of oxygen, and to press with the aid of the positive pressure by the supply of oxygen through a quartz cuvette in a further collecting vessel, wherein the blood of a foamed UV irradiation is exposed. the blood is then transfused back from the further fall arrester.

p0003In DE-OS 4410411, a device for the extracorporeal treatment of blood has been proposed in which, instead of a vacuum bottle, a flexible blood bag is used, which enables a very easy handling of the HOT-treatment and a complete assembled Retransfusionsset provides that in its entirety may be sterile packaged in a relatively small package and deployed. As for venipuncture no vacuum is used, relatively much time is needed for blood collection.

p0004Therefore - as before - frequently resorted to using a vacuum bottle to accelerate the blood sample by means of vacuum.

p0005One problem with the gas treatment of the blood results from the fact that the gassing medium is fed from a standing under high pressure storage cylinder via a reducing. The reducers commonly used can only be set to a relatively high Abströmdruck usually, so that it is possible the construction of a positive pressure in the vacuum bottle or the blood bag is difficult to avoid in the gas treatment.

p0006The invention is therefore based on the object to provide measures with which the fumigation of the blood with the desired amount of gas in a simple manner is possible without an overpressure in the vacuum bottle or the blood bag is created.

p0007This object is achieved by the measures of claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

p0008By using a pressure compensation bag in the supply of gas medium can this before the gas medium is supplied to the blood, bloat with a predetermined amount of air which is sufficient for the fumigation of the blood without the construction of a significant overpressure in the vacuum bottle or the blood bag. When larger amounts of air are required, it is also possible to inflate the pressure equalizing bag several times.

p0009The measures of the invention, it is possible in a simple manner to prevent undesirable for Retransfundieren the blood pressure increase in the vacuum bottle or the blood bag.

p0010According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the elastic pressure compensation bag is folded.

p0011A special design of the plug tip, the supplied gas for the treatment gas medium can be introduced through a diffusion body in the blood.

p0012The advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing; show it:<dl id="dl0001"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>a Retransfusionsset according to the invention;</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>a further embodiment of Retransfusionssets;</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>a sight glass with a plug tip with diffuser body;</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>a plug tip.</dd></dl>

p0013In Fig. 1 a Retransfusionsset 1 is shown for the gas treatment of blood that is except for the vacuum bottle 2 as fully assembled cutlery in sterile sealed blister packs are available. The apparatus consists of a vacuum bottle 2, which can be hung by means of a suspension 3 to one hook 6th The rubber stopper 4 of the vacuum bottle, a plug tip 7 is pierced with a needle. 9 The cannula 9 is a blood filter 26 and a gas port 16 in communication, which flows through a gas valve 15 in the cannula. 9

p0014Behind the blood filter 26 performs in a conventional manner, a blood tubing 10 to a quartz cuvette 22 and from there via a coupling 12 to a butterfly needle 32. Between the Quarzgasküvette 22 and the blood filter 26 is mounted a roller clamp 14 on the blood tube 10, with which the blood tubing can be disconnected. The quartz cuvette 22 is located in the beam path of an ultraviolet light source 24th

p0015At the gas terminal 16 a gas hose 18 is connected to the also a roller clamp 14 is for squeezing the gas hose. The gas hose is at the opposite end of the sight glass 8 connected to a pressure compensation bag 28, which in turn is provided with a coupling 40 for connection to a gas source. This gas source consists in a conventional manner from a standing under high pressure storage tank from which the gas medium can be supplied via a reducing valve to equalize the pressure bag. In such reducers the minimum Abströmdruck usually is too high, so that a directly supplying the gas medium in the vacuum bottle in this builds up a high pressure, which can only be reduced by an additional pressure equalization valve before Retransfundieren of blood.

p0016By using the pressure compensation bag 28 this unwanted high pressure buildup in the vacuum bottle can be avoided.

p0017In FIG. 2, an embodiment of the invention is shown, in which the blood filter 26 and the piercing tip are combined to form a unit configured as a sight glass 8.

p0018A blood treatment using the Retransfusionssets can usually run as follows:

p0019At the beginning of treatment, the one-piece, consisting of several component Retransfusionsset a sterile package is removed and the cannula 9 of the plug tip 7 pierced through the rubber stopper 4 of the vacuum bottle. 2 Further, the clutch 40 at the pressure outlet connected to a bag 28 is under higher pressure gas source, which may be an oxygen bottle with reducing valve, for example. Such reducing valves can be set to a minimum Abströmdruck in the order of about 5 bar, a pressure which is too high for easy handling of the Retransfusionssets.

p0020To remove the blood, a blood vessel is punctured with the butterfly needle 32, and sucked the blood through the blood tubing 10, the open roller clamp 14 and the blood filter 26 in the vacuum bottle. 2

p0021For treatment with the gas medium, the roller clamp 14 is closed at the blood tubing 10 and the roller clamp 14 is opened to the gas hose 18th Thus, the predetermined in the pressure compensating bag 28 and over the normal atmospheric pressure slightly positively pressurized air flow through the gas port 16 and the gas valve 15 and the cannula 9 to flow into the vacuum bottle, wherein the blood is foamed and the vacuum degrades in the vacuum bottle. When present in the pressure equalizing bag 28 air quantity corresponding approximately to the amount which is required for the vacuum removal, is obtained during the gas treatment of the blood pressure build-up to normal pressure, so that the blood in the vacuum bottle is now available for the Retransfundieren almost no pressure available. For Retransfundieren the roller clamp 14 is opened at the blood tubing 10th Simultaneously, the roller clamp 14 remains open at the gas hose 18, so that via the pressure equalization bag 28 a pressure equalization takes the Retransfundieren. The purpose of either an amount of residual gas in the surge bag or via the open coupler 40 incoming air. When Retransfundieren flowing back through the quartz cuvette 22 through the butterfly needle into the vessel and foamed oxygenated blood is irradiated by means of UV source 24th Instead of a UV source can also find a broadband light source using.

p0022for Retransfundieren If the vacuum bottle is 2 suspended from a hook 6, can be set into the blood vessel against the existing in the vascular blood pressure by adjusting the height of the suspension of the return flow of blood. The device offers the possibility to carry out the ultraviolet irradiation of the blood both in the decrease of the blood and the Retransfundieren. Thus, the time required for hematogenous oxidation therapy can be decreased.

p0023A particularly advantageous embodiment of the sight glass 118 is shown in Fig. 3. This sight glass is different from a conventional sight glass in that the gas connection is 16 performed in the plug tip 107 with a separate line 116 to the top of the sight glass. In this point of the sight glass, a diffusion body is behind a cast-steel tip 120. 122 and further the area of ​​the wall is of the steel-tipped mandrel like a sieve with small holes 124 provided, so that the supplied via the gas hose 18 Gas medium in suspension in the vacuum bottle 2 is initiated. This little finely divided gas bubbles increase the efficiency of the gas treatment substantially.

p0024To ensure that the insertion of the mandrel into the rubber stopper 4, the outlet and inlet opening for the blood on the needle 109 comes to lie safely inside the vacuum bottle 2, a bead on the mandrel 126 mounted of when plugging on the surface of the rubber stopper to come to rest.

p0025Finally, in the gas line 16, a bacteria filter 17 is preferably in the region before the gas valve 15 is provided.

p0026In FIG. 4 a top plug 207 is shown, the 3 does not significantly differ from the embodiment according to Fig. In structure, but is not integrally formed with an inspection glass. Such a plug-in tip is particularly suitable for the embodiment of the invention of FIG. 1.

p0027By integrating the diffusion body in the spine of the sight glass 8 and 108, resulting in a much more convenient embodiment of Retransfusionssets, at the same time the costs compared to conventional diffusion devices can be reduced.

p0028The essential advantage of the invention is seen in the fact that the occurrence of an excessive pressure is avoided by the selective and controlled pressure build-up at the supply of gas medium for the foaming of the blood with great certainty in the vacuum bottle. The surge bag makes the metered feeding of the gas medium in a predetermined amount of light possible, as in the pressure compensating bag sufficient for fumigation of the blood supply of gas can be created, which in the vacuum bottle gives rise to no excessive pressure during foaming of the blood. In this area can be via the pressure equalization bag a residual vacuum readily degrade after blood collection and the need for foaming gas medium in the desired amount out finely distributed without excessive pressure build-up occurs in the vacuum bottle.