Telescopic sight

The invention relates to a telescopic sight for particular hand-held firearms.

This can be brought in particular after assembly of the telescopic sight on the gun, the target point with the meeting in agreement with the known riflescopes the reticle generally in the focal plane of the lens and the eyepiece is arranged movably with respect to the main tube of the scope and with two adjusting spindles adjustable perpendicularly arranged (see FIG. DE 32 08 814 C2).

Also of adjusted riflescope fall due to the trajectory of the projectile to the target point and meeting place but only in the distance together, the rifle is zeroed. With a shorter distance than the Einschußentfernung the meeting point on the other hand is above the target point and a larger lower.

Although the hunter or other user knows mostly in a sufficient for practical measure the ballistic performance of the weapon and the projectile used, and thus the amount of deviation between a meeting point and destination point, depending on the size of the deviation of the actual shot distance from Einschießentfernung. However, it often presents considerable difficulties to estimate the actual distance to the target with sufficient precision, particularly in foreign, unfamiliar terrain. Estimation error by more than twice are not uncommon.

For precise distance measurement therefore Laserentfernungsmeßgeräte be for hunting already used (company brochure: Laser Rangefinder RF1, Swarovski Optik KG). Laser rangefinders based on the principle of transit time measurement of a laser pulse and a laser pulse sequence that is emitted from the laser transmitter. The laser pulse or pulse train is reflected by the intended target. A portion of this reflected light hits the laser receiver. The resulting received signal ends the time of flight measurement. Half of this time, divided by the constant speed of light, results in the removal of the targeted objective.

The same disadvantages has in a housing arranged outside the riflescope laser distance measuring device according to DE 42 18 118 A1.

The Laserentfernungsmeßgeräte used today have for the laser transmitter and the laser receiver separate beam paths with separate lenses. Therefore, they are bulky and heavy. It is also impractical to have to aim at the target before the shot twice, once nämich with the target of the laser distance measuring device to determine the shooting distance, and then by the reticle of the riflescope.

The object of the invention is therefore, already observed a riflescope with an integrated laser rangefinder.

This is inventively achieved in that the sighting telescope lens simultaneously forms by introducing the beam path of the laser transmitter and the beam path of the laser receiver into the visual telescopic sight beam path the lens for the laser transmitter and the laser receiver, and that the device for adjusting the reticle to the meeting point with respect to the weapon having movable optical part between the reticle and the light entrance side of the telescopic sight.

According to the invention, the beam path of the laser transmitter and the beam path of the laser receiver in the visual beam path of the scope is introduced. This turns the riflescope lens while the lens for the laser transmitter and the laser receiver. In order for a compact, weight-saving integration of the laser rangefinder in the riflescope realized.

The line of sight of the telescopic sight and the optical axis of its integrated laser rangefinder must coincide exactly, so that the laser rangefinder measures the distance to the targeted by the reticle of the riflescope target and not to adjacent the target object. On the other hand takes place the introduction of the beam path of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver in the beam path of the telescopic sight between the objective and target of the telescopic sight. Ie., When the adjusting the reticle to the meeting point at zeroing the rifle would be done by moving the target, as in the known telescopic sights, characterized only the line of sight would be adjusted to the target point, but not the optical axis of the laser rangefinder, so that the laser rangefinder would not measure the distance to the intended target but to an adjacent to the subject.

To prevent this, has according to the invention, the device for adjusting the reticle on the meeting point opposite the weapon movable optical member which is disposed between the reticle and the light entrance side of the telescopic sight.

This compared to the weapon movable optical part of Jusitereinrichtung is preferably formed by at least a part of the objective lens, of course, can also be the entire lens. For moving the lens portion or the entire lens two, to each other in the vertical angle adjusting spindles arranged can be provided.

It is also possible to form the opposite of the weapon part from movable lens disk having an angle to each other extending base surfaces to the optical axis of the lens is rotated and cooperates with a complementary disc.

When adjusting the reticle to the meeting point at aligning the weapon so that the visual beam path of the telescopic sight and the beam path of the laser rangefinder are adjusted together by moving the lens or lens part.

In the scope of the invention, the target is therefore preferably more rigid than the outer tube, ie gun firmly positioned in contrast to most conventional riflescopes.

For introducing the beam path of the laser transmitter and the beam path of the laser receiver into the visual telescopic sight beam path each is arranged, the laser light selectively reflecting reflection surface in the visual telescopic sight beam path. The reflective surface may be formed by a mirror or a prism.

For laser-light selective reflection, the reflection surface may have a coating which reflects long-wave laser light having a wavelength of, for. Example, about 0.9 microns, but the visible light transmits.

The beam path of the laser transmitter and the beam path of the laser receiver can be incorporated into the visual telescopic sight beam path coaxially. The two reflection surfaces for the laser transmitter and laser receiver are then disposed on the optical axis of the lens hinterinander. When the reflection surface for the laser transmitter then the objective side and the reflection surface for the laser receiver is arranged reticle side, the laser receiver forms a coaxial to the optical axis of the lens cone of rays is arranged in the coaxial beam cone of the laser receiver.

Instead of a coaxial arrangement of the visual beam path, the beam path of the laser transmitter and the beam path of the laser receiver, it is also possible einzuspiegeln the beam path of the laser transmitter z. B. a, so for example, the lower half of the visual telescopic sight beam path and the beam path of the laser receiver in the other, so for example, upper half of the visual telescopic sight beam path.

The scope of the invention preferably further includes a digital display of the temperature measured by the laser rangefinder range of the target, which is reflected in the visual telescopic sight beam path. Given a reflective surface in the visual telescopic sight beam path is angeordent, preferably between the reticle on one hand and the two reflection surfaces for the laser transmitter-receiver on the other.

In order for the digital or other optical distance display the view through the scope as little affected, the visual indicator light in the long wavelength range of visible light, eg. As more than 0.65 microns can emit and the reflection surface in the visual telescopic sight beam path for reflecting the optical display having a coating that reflects a light wave of this length, ie 0.65 micron and more, visible light with an underlying length shaft, ie a shaft length of less than 0.65 .mu.m but lets through. Instead, the optical distance indicator can be reflected into the visual telescopic sight beam path with a partially transmissive for sichbares light reflecting surface, wherein the visual display then a light having a wavelength of the entire visible range, ie z. B., white light can emit, which however can cause a slight loss of brightness.

To simplify the assembly of the scope of the invention, a component carrier is preferably provided, which is inserted into the outer tube of the telescopic sight. Apart from the lens and the adjusting device can virtually all other components of the telescopic tube to be fastened to the component carrier, ie, for. Example, the laser transmitter and the laser receiver with the entire optical system for reflecting the laser transmitter and the laser receiver into the visual Zielfernrohstrahlengang, the entire control and evaluation electronics of the laser rangefinder, the optical distance display with the optics for reflecting the optical distance display in the visual beam path of the scope, and the reticle and the eyepiece of the scope. This has the great advantage that all the adjustment and inspection operations can be made before the assembly of the lens takes place.

preferably boards are provided for the control and evaluation electronics of the laser rangefinder, which are arranged around the component carrier. For this purpose, preferably, the component carrier has a rectangular, in particular square cross-section or other prismatic cross-section, for example a hexagonal cross-section, wherein the circuit boards are arranged on the outer surfaces of the prismatic component carrier.

For holding the reticle, the inverting system and the eyepiece of the scope of the component carrier preferably has a coaxial inner bore or channel.

To bring the meeting point with the target point as a function of the measured with the rangefinder target range in accordance, it is known to adjust the reticle on ballistic with a servomotor. In the embodiment according to claim 7, therefore, may for example, each of the two mutually perpendicular adjusting spindles are operated with such an actuator. In order to control the adjustment device by the or the servomotors undergo ballistics of the weapon and the ammunition, a using this information storable, electronic memory is provided, further comprising a computer which combines the signals of the evaluation electronics of the laser rangefinder with the stored data.

An embodiment of the scope of the invention is illustrated by the drawing. Therein:<ul><li>Figure 1 is a perpektivische view of the scope; </li><li>Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the telescopic sight of Figure 1;</li><li>2a shows a variant of the device for adjusting the reticle;</li><li>3 shows a cross section along the line III - III in Figure 2 with the mounted externally on the outer tube parts are omitted; and</li><li>Figure 4 is a representation of the visual telescopic sight beam path in transmission direction from the target and the beam path of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver the laser rangefinder and the beam path of the optical distance indicator.</li></ul>

According to Figures 2 and 3 has the scope to an outer tube 1, in which a component carrier 2 is arranged. In component support 2 a coaxial channel 3 is provided with trained as a crosshair reticle. 4 In the channel 3, the reversal system of the telescopic sight is also arranged.

The target 4 and the reversing system are preferably arranged in an inner tube 5 which is inserted into the channel 3rd At the inner tube 5, the eyepiece 6 connects. The reversal system can be designed for a constant or variable magnification.

The target 4 is arranged in the focal plane of the objective 7. 8 (4) The optical axis of the visual telescopic sight beam path is indicated by 10. Between the radial plane by the reticle 4 and the objective 8 of the telescopic sight in the visual telescopic sight beam path, so the beam 9 of the objective 8, one behind the other three each designed as prisms beam splitters 11 to 13 are provided in through-viewing direction, each having a reflecting surface 14 to 16. The beam splitters 11 to 13 can also be formed by mirrors.

The beam splitter 13 with the reflecting surface 16 serves for reflecting the beam path 17 of the laser transmitter 18 in the visual telescopic sight beam path 9 8 towards the lens Transmitter 18 is to on one, ie the lower side in the drawing, the component carrier 2 goal mark each of the reflecting surface 16 attached, wherein the optical axis of the transmitter 18 is parallel to the optical axis 10 of the telescopic sight. Through a mirror 19, a prism or the like optical deflection or auxiliary equipment of the station sends 18 laser beam to the reflecting surface 16 of the beam splitter 13 is reflected. The transmitter 18 is constituted by a transmitter diode.

The beam splitter 12 to the reflecting surface 15 serves for reflecting the beam path 20 of the targeted, not shown targeted reflected received via the objective 8 radiation to the laser receiver 21. The receiver 21 is perpendicular thereto aligned with the optical axis 10 and on the transmitter 18 opposite, ie , attached in the drawing upper side on the component carrier. 2 The receiver 21 is formed by a photodiode.

The reflection surfaces 15 and 16 of the beam splitter 12 and 13 are arranged so that the beam paths 17 and 20 of the transmitter 18 and the receiver 21 extend coaxially with the optical axis 10 of the telescopic sight. The lens 8 forms thus also the lens for the laser transmitter 18 and the laser receiver 21st

The arrangement of the reflecting surface 16 of the laser receiver 18 in a review of the direction of the telescopic sight in front of the reflecting surface 15 of the laser receiver 21, the beam path 17 of the transmitter 18 forms with the optical axis 10 coaxial cone of rays is surrounded by the coaxial beam cone envelope of the beam path 20 of the laser receiver 21st

Thus, the reflecting surfaces 15 and 16 of the beam splitter 12 and 13 the laser rangefinder does not shade the riflescope in this area, they are provided with a dichroic coating, which results in that only the long-wavelength laser light from z. B. about 0.9 microns with a reflectance R is reflected by approximately 100%, while the reflection surfaces 15 and 16 are transparent to visible light, so preferably have a transmittance T of about 100% for visible light.

The beam splitter 11 with the reflective surface 14 is used for reflecting a preferably designed as a digital display distance indicator 22 in the visual telescopic sight beam path toward the eyepiece. 6

As shown particularly in Figure 4 can be seen, the display mirrored beam path 23 of the optical display 22 is parallel to the optical display 10 of the telescopic sight with an offset in the drawing down, so that the optical display 22 does not impair the view of the central region of the target 4 ,

The optical distance display 22 is mounted on the component carrier 2 on the side to which the beam 23 is displaced, that is, after the drawing at the lower side.

By a mirror 24 or the like optical reverse or auxiliary device, the light emitted from the distance indicator 22 light to the reflecting surface 14 is deflected, wherein between the distance indicator 22 and the mirror 24 as well as between the mirror 24 and the reflection surface 14 is an imaged lens 25 and 26 as other optical auxiliary means are arranged.

The optical distance display 22 emits light in the long wavelength range of visible light, ie a wavelength z. B. more than 0.65 microns from. The reflection surface 14 is formed by a dichroic coating, therefore, so that the long-wave light of the distance indicator 22 z. B. having a reflectance of, for example partially reflected 50%, and visible light having a wavelength of less than 0.65 micron has a transmittance of about . 100% by weight.

The image plane of the beam path 23 of the distance indicator 22 is in the plane of the reticle 4, so the image plane of the lens 7. 8

As shown in Figure 3 can be seen, the component carrier 2 has a square cross-section. On the outer faces of the component carrier 2 boards are 27 to 30 attached. To connect the circuit boards 27 to 30 connectors are provided 31 to 34.

The board 27 in this case represents the base board. The board 28 includes the control electronics for the laser transmitter 18 which board 29, the control electronics for the laser receiver 21 and the board 30 the evaluation electronics of the laser rangefinder.

The energy source is formed by batteries 35 or corresponding accumulators are arranged on the outer tube. 1 Furthermore, a mounting rail 36 is provided at the bottom of the outer tube 1, with which the telescopic sight is fixed to the gun, not shown.

After assembly of the telescopic sight on the gun has to be brought for the Einschießentfernung the meeting point with the target point in a match. For this purpose, an adjustment is provided by means of the reticle 4 or visor Line is adjustable to the meeting point. This adjustment device according to the invention comprises a movable relative to the gun, optical part between the reticle 4 and the light entrance side 38 of the telescopic sight.

According to Figure 2, this optical member is formed by the entire lens 8 which is disposed in an inner tube 37 which is mounted with a joint not shown in the drawing, the light entry side on the outer tube the first

At the inner tube 37 attack at a distance from the joint two mutually perpendicular angle arranged adjusting spindles with only one adjusting spindle 39 can be seen in FIG. 2 By z. B. two springs not shown, the inner tube 37 is spring-loaded against the adjusting spindles.

2a shows a variant of the adjusting device is shown. Here, a part of the objective lens 8 is arranged for example in an annular cage 40 in viewing direction before the rest of the objective lenses, which are in a fixed to the outer tube 1 Ring 41st The cage 40 is connected to the ring 41 via spring webs 42nd The adjusting spindle 39 and not illustrated, this vertical adjustment spindle attacking the cage 40th

According to figure 1, the outer housing 1, apart from the enlarged cylindrical portion receiving the lens 8, a rectangular configuration corresponding to the component carrier 2nd The power source is located under the cover 43. While the adjustment knob 44 for the threaded spindle 39 in FIG. 1 can be seen, the adjustment knob for the vertical adjustment spindle to be obscured. With the push button 45 which is preferably mounted on the left side of the outer tube 1, the laser rangefinder, 22 actuated by the shooter, for example, with the thumb of the left hand, including the optical distance display.