Benzothiepine-, benzothiopyrane- and benzothiophenyle derivatives, their preparation and use as medicine.

0001The present invention relates to new heterocyclic compounds of the formula<chemistry id="chem0001" num="0001"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0001.tif" /></chemistry> in the X -S-, -SO- or -SO₂-;<dl id="dl0001"><dt>R¹</dt><dd>C₇₋₁₀ Aklyl or C₇₋₁₀ alkoxy;</dd><dt>R²</dt><dd>a rest of the formulas<chemistry id="chem0002" num="0002"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0002.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>R³</dt><dd>Carboxy or lower alkoxycarbonyl; and n represents 1, 2 or 3; and</dd></dl> Salts of carboxylic acids of formula I.

0002The invention further relates to pharmaceutical preparations based on compounds of the formula I or their salts and a process for the preparation of the compounds I.

0003The term "lower" used here denotes groups with up to 6 carbon atoms. Preferred lower groups contain 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or 2-methylpropyl.

0004The term C₇₋₁₀ alkyl and C₇₋₁₀ alkoxy denotes alkyl and alkoxy groups with 7-10 carbon atoms, such as heptyl, octyl, nonyl and decyl.

0005A preferred group of compounds of formula I are those in which R1 is heptyl, octyl, heptyloxy or octyloxy; R³ is carboxyl and X = SO₂.

0006The compounds of formula I can be obtained by<ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li>a) a compound of the formula<chemistry id="chem0003" num="0003"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0003.tif" /></chemistry> with a connection of the formulas<chemistry id="chem0004" num="0004"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0004.tif" /></chemistry> converts, wherein R is lower alkyl and either A is Triphenylphosphoniumethyl group<chemistry id="chem0005" num="0005"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0005.tif" /></chemistry> or dialkoxyphosphinylethyl group<chemistry id="chem0006" num="0006"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0006.tif" /></chemistry> and B is formyl; or A acetyl and B a triphenylmethylphosphonium group -CH₂₋ P [Q]<maths id="math0001"><math display="inline"><mrow><mfrac linethickness="0"><mrow><mtext>+</mtext></mrow><mrow><mtext>3</mtext></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math><img file="EP0568898A1_D0007.tif" /></maths>Y⁻ or a dialkoxyphosphinylmethyl group is -CH₂-PO (OR) ₂; where Q is phenyl; or that one</li><li>b) a compound of the formula<chemistry id="chem0007" num="0007"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0008.tif" /></chemistry> with a compound of the formula<chemistry id="chem0008" num="0008"><img file="EP0568898A1_D0009.tif" /></chemistry> + wherein either A 'is a triphenylmethylphosphonium group -CH₂₋P [Q] ₃Y⁻ or a dialkoxyphosphinylmethyl group -CH₂-PO (OR) ₂ and B' is formyl; or A 'formyl and B' is a triphenylmethylphosphonium group + -CH₂₋P [Q] ₃Y⁻ or a dialkoxyphosphinylmethyl group -CH₂PO (OR₂), and where n, Q and R have the meaning given above, to give a compound of the formula I, in the R³ -COOR is reacted and, if desired, the ester group -COOR is saponified and the carboxylic acid obtained is isolated as such or as a salt; and / or a resulting compound of formula I in which X is -S- is oxidized to a compound of formula I in which X is -SO- or -SO₂-.</li></ul>

0007The reaction of the compound II with the compounds III or IV and the reaction of the compound V with the compound VI can be carried out according to methods known per se of the Wittig or Horner reaction.

0008The reaction of compounds with triphenylphosphonium groups (Wittig reaction) can be carried out in the presence of an acid-binding agent, for example a strong base, such as butyllithium, sodium hydride or the sodium salt of dimethyl sulfoxide, but primarily in the presence of an ethylene oxide which may be substituted by lower alkyl, such as 1,2- Butylene oxide, optionally in a solvent, e.g. in an ether, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, or in an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as benzene, in a temperature range between room temperature and the boiling point of the reaction mixture.

0009Examples of anions Y⁻ in the Wittig reagent are Cl⁻, Br⁻, HSO₄⁻ and tosylate.

0010The reaction of compounds with dialkoxyphosphinyl groups (Horner reaction) can in the presence of a base and, preferably, in the presence of an inert organic solvent, for example in the presence of sodium hydride in benzene, toluene, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or 1,2-dimethoxyalkane, or sodium alcoholate in an alkanol, for example sodium methylate in methanol, can also be carried out in a temperature range between 0 ° and the boiling point of the reaction mixture.

0011A carboxylic acid ester of the formula I thus obtained can be hydrolyzed in a manner known per se, for example by treatment with alkalis, in particular by treatment with aqueous alcoholic sodium or potassium hydroxide solution, in a temperature range between room temperature and the boiling point of the reaction mixture.

0012The carboxylic acid of the formula I obtained in this way can be isolated as such in a manner known per se or isolated as a salt, for example as an alkali salt, in particular as a sodium or potassium salt.

0013A compound of formula I in which X is -S- can be oxidized using known methods to give a compound of formula I in which X is -SO or -SO₂-. The oxidation can be carried out with oxidizing agents such as periodates, for example NaJO₄ or with organic peracids, such as m-chloroperbenzoic acid. In the oxidation with organic peracids, about one equivalent of peracid is used to obtain a sulfoxide compound (X = SO), whereas the use of two equivalents of peracid leads to sulfones (X = SO₂).

0014The compounds of formula I can exist as double bond isomers. Most of them are produced in the trans or alltrans form during manufacture. Any cis isomers obtained can, if desired, be separated off in a manner known per se.

0015The starting materials of the formulas II-VI are known or can be prepared analogously to known methods or methods described in the examples below.

0016The compounds of formula I are inhibitors of the retinoic acid α receptor (RARα receptor). The compounds of Formula I have been found to suppress retinoid-induced fetal malformations. The compounds of the formula I can therefore be used to prevent teratogenic effects which can occur during the therapeutic use of retinoids.

0017The compounds of the formula I can furthermore be used for the treatment and prevention of disease states which can be caused by overregulation of the RARα receptor. Autoimmune diseases or other diseases with a strongly immunological component such as psoriasis or other dermatological affections come into consideration here.

0018The compounds of formula I and their salts can be used in the form of pharmaceutical preparations.

0019The preparations used for systemic use can be prepared, for example, by adding a compound of the formula I or a salt thereof as an active component of non-toxic, inert solid or liquid carriers which are customary in such preparations.

0020The agents can be administered enterally, parenterally or topically. Agents in the form of tablets, capsules, dragées, syrups, suspensions, solutions and suppositories are suitable for enteral application. Agents in the form of infusion or injection solutions are suitable for parenteral administration.

0021For enteral and parenteral administration, the compounds of formula I can be administered to adults in amounts of approximately 1-100 mg, preferably 5-30 mg / day.

0022For topical use, the active ingredients are expediently used in the form of ointments, tinctures, creams, solutions, lotions, sprays, suspensions and the like. Ointments and creams and solutions are preferred. These preparations intended for topical use can be produced by admixing the process products as an effective component of non-toxic, inert, solid or liquid carriers which are customary in such preparations and are suitable for topical treatment.

0023For topical use, approximately 0.1-5%, preferably 0.3-2%, and approximately 0.1-5%, preferably approximately 0.3-2%, ointments or are suitable Suitable for creams.

0024An antioxidant, for example tocopherol, N-methyl-γ-tocopheramine and butylated hydroxyanisole or butylated hydroxytoluene can optionally be added to the preparations.

0025The following abbreviations are used in the following examples, which further illustrate the invention:<dl id="dl0002"><dt>DMF</dt><dd>Dimethylformamide</dd><dt>DMSO</dt><dd>Dimethyl sulfoxide</dd><dt>THF</dt><dd>Tetrahydrofuran</dd><dt>RT</dt><dd>Room temperature</dd><dt>Mp</dt><dd>Melting point</dd><dt>iV</dt><dd>in a vacuum</dd><dt>EtOEt</dt><dd>Diethyl ether</dd><dt>tBuOH</dt><dd>tert-butanol</dd><dt>AcOEt</dt><dd>Ethyl acetate</dd></dl>

example 1

0026<ul id="ul0002" list-style="none"><li>a) 14.9 g of NaH, 50% in paraffin oil, were washed twice with pentane, dried in a water jet vacuum and suspended in 60 ml of DMF. A solution of 64.8 g of 3-heptyloxyphenol in 320 ml of DMF was added dropwise with ice cooling. After stirring at 0 ° C. for 45 minutes, a solution of 42.3 g of dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride in 100 ml of DMF was slowly added dropwise to this reaction mixture and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was then poured onto ice water, acidified with 6N hydrochloric acid and extracted with AcOEt. The organic phase was washed with water, saturated NaHCO₃ solution and H₂O, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated. After filtration of the crude product on a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 4: 1), 86.7 g of O- (3-heptyloxyphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate were obtained as a pale yellow oil.</li><li>b) 80 g of O- (3-heptyloxyphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate were heated in 20 g portions in a metal bath at 260 ° C. for 8 hours. The S- (3-heptyloxyphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate thus obtained was used in the next step without further purification.</li><li>c) 10 g of LiAlH₄ were suspended in 200 ml of THF and a solution of 77 g of S- (3-heptyloxyphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate in 200 ml of THF was added dropwise at 0 ° C. After stirring for 1 hour at room temperature, a solution of 46.5 g of 3,3-dimethylallyl bromide in 200 ml of THF was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred for a further 45 minutes. The reaction mixture was then poured onto an ice water / 6N hydrochloric acid mixture and extracted with EtOEt. After washing, drying and evaporation, a dark, oily crude product was obtained which, after filtration over a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOet = 9: 1), 64 g of heptyl m - [(3-methyl-2-butenyl) thio] phenyl ether as a yellow one Oil revealed.</li><li>d) 76.9 g of heptyl m - [(3-methyl-2-butenyl) thio] phenyl ether were dissolved in 1.51 toluene, mixed with 55 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid and heated on a water separator for 20 hours. The cooled reaction mixture was diluted with AcOEt, washed twice with dilute sodium bicarbonate solution and water, dried and evaporated. A yellow oil was obtained, 3 parts of 7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran and 1 part of 5- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro -4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran existed. Column chromatography (silica gel, eluent hexane / 1% AcOEt) gave 48.6 g of pure 7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran as a pale yellow oil.</li><li>e) 4.8 ml of acetyl chloride were dissolved in 80 ml of methylene chloride, and 9.1 g of aluminum chloride were added in portions at 0 ° C. After stirring for 30 minutes at 0 ° C., a solution of 20 g of 7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran in 70 ml of methylene chloride was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 0 for 2 hours ° C, poured onto ice water and extracted with ether. After washing with water, drying and evaporation, the crude product was recrystallized from hexane and 15.5 g of 6-acetyl-7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran were obtained in colorless crystals. Mp 69-71 ° C.</li><li>f) 14 g of 6-acetyl-7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran were dissolved in 200 ml of chloroform and added dropwise at 0 ° C. with a solution of 8.5 g of m -Chlorperbenzoic acid (85%) in 120 ml chloroform. After stirring for 2 hours at 0 ° C., a further 8.5 g of m-chloroperbenzoic acid in 120 ml of chloroform were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. overnight, poured onto ice water / dilute sodium chloride solution and extracted with methylene chloride. The organic phase was washed twice with water, dried and evaporated. After filtration of the crude product on a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 4: 1) and recrystallization from AcOEt, 12.5 g of 7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6 were obtained -yl-methylketone-1,1-dioxide in colorless crystals, mp 92-93 ° C.</li><li>g) 3 g of sodium hydride (50% in mineral oil) were washed twice with pentane, dried in a water jet vacuum and in 50 ml abs. DMSO suspended. A solution of 19.3 g of diethyl (4-carbäthoxybenzyl) phosphonate in 100 ml of abs was slowly added dropwise at room temperature. DMSO added. After stirring for 2 hours at room temperature, a solution of 10.5 g of 7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl-methylketone-1,1- was added dropwise. dioxide in 50 ml abs. DMSO and stirred for a further 2 hours at 40 ° C. After cooling, the reaction mixture was poured onto ice water, acidified with 2N hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated. The oily, dark orange residue was filtered through a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 2: 1) and gave 13.5 g of ethyl p - [(E, Z) -2- [3 ', 4'-dihydro-4', 4 ' -dimethyl-7 '- (heptyloxy) -2'H-1-benzothiopyran-6'-yl] propenyl] benzoate-1'1'-dioxide as a yellow oil (E / Z ratio approx. 1: 1).</li></ul>

Example 2

002713.5 g of ethyl p - [(E, Z) -2- [3 ', 4'-dihydro-4', 4'-dimethyl-7 '- (heptyloxy) -2'H-1-benzothiopyran-6'-yl ] propenyl] benzoate-1 ', 1'-dioxide were dissolved in 250 ml of ethanol and a solution of 14.6 g of potassium hydroxide in 100 ml of water was added. After stirring for 3 hours at 50 ° C., the reaction mixture was poured onto ice water, acidified with 3N hydrochloric acid and extracted with AcOEt. The organic phase was washed with water, dried and evaporated. The residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate / hexane and gave 10.2 g of an E / Z mixture of the corresponding acids. Preparative HPLC (reverse phase, eluent hexane / THF = 9: 1 + 0.1% acetic acid) gave 4.1 g of p - [(E) -2- [3 ', 4'-dihydro-4' after recrystallization from AcOEt / hexane. , 4'-dimethyl-7 '- (heptyloxy) -2'H-1-benzothiopyran-6'-yl] propenyl] benzoic acid 1', 1'-dioxide in colorless crystals, mp 168-169 ° C, and 5.2 g of p - [(Z) -2- [3 ', 4'-dihydro-4', 4'-dimethyl-7 '- (heptyloxy) -2'H-1-benzothiopyran 6'-yl] propenyl] benzoic acid 1 ', 1'-dioxide, mp 176-178 ° C.

0028The Z compound can be converted into a 1: 1 mixture of the E / Z isomers by irradiation with an Hg high-pressure lamp in THF, from which further pure E compound can be obtained by preparative HPLC.

Example 3

0029<ul id="ul0003" list-style="none"><li>a) 13.6 g of 6-acetyl-7- (heptyloxy) -3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran were dissolved in 270 ml of THF. At -15 ° C, 164 ml of a 1 molar solution of vinyl magnesium bromide in THF was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was then poured onto ice-cold, saturated ammonium chloride solution, extracted with EtOEt, washed with water, dried and evaporated. A yellow-brown oil was obtained, which was immediately dissolved in 270 ml of acetonitrile and 16.3 g of triphenylphosphine hydrobromide was added in portions with stirring. After the reaction mixture had been stirred at 50 ° C. for 2.5 hours, the mixture was evaporated, the residue was dissolved in 500 ml of ethanol (80%) and extracted several times with hexane. The ethanolic solution was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in methylene chloride. After drying over sodium sulfate, the mixture was again evaporated and the foamy residue was stirred with hexane for several hours, the precipitate, which had meanwhile become crystalline, was filtered off, washed with hexane and dried at 50 ° C. under high vacuum. 26.6 g of 3 - [(E) - (7-heptyloxy-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl) -2-butenyl] triphenylphosphonium bromide, mp 88 ° C. ( Decomposition).</li><li>b) 25 g of the phosphonium salt obtained in a) were dissolved in 250 ml of THF and 25 ml of butyllithium, 1.6 molar in hexane, were added dropwise at -20 ° C. After 15 minutes, a solution of 6.3 g (E) -3-formyl-crotonic acid ethyl ester in 30 ml THF was added dropwise to the red-brown reaction mixture and the mixture was stirred for a further 45 minutes at room temperature. It was poured onto 500 ml of a methanol / water mixture (6: 4), extracted several times with hexane, the non-aqueous phase was washed 3 times with water, dried and evaporated. The yellow, oily residue was dissolved in 500 ml of acetonitrile and, after adding 560 mg of triphenylphosphine, 28 ml of a 0.125% solution of palladium (II) nitrate in acetonitrile were added. The mixture was heated to 50 ° C. for 5 hours, then evaporated and the crude product was filtered through a short silica gel acid (eluent hexane / 1% AcOEt). 13.7 g of a yellow oil were obtained, which consisted of a mixture of the corresponding (4Z, 6Z), (all-E) and (6Z) compound. The further separation was carried out by medium pressure chromatography with Lobar columns (Merck) (eluent hexane / 3% AcOEt) and gave 6.6 g (all-E) -7- [7-heptyloxy-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl -2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl] -3-methyl-octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester as a yellow oil.</li></ul>

Example 4

0030500 mg of the (all-E) ethyl ester obtained in Example 3 were dissolved in 20 ml of ethanol and a solution of 560 mg of potassium hydroxide in 10 ml of water was added. After 3 hours at 50 ° C., the clear, yellow solution was poured onto ice water, acidified with cold 3N hydrochloric acid and extracted with AcOEt. After drying and evaporation, the crude product was recrystallized from AcOEt / hexane and 150 mg (all-E) -7- [7-heptyloxy-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6 were obtained -yl] -3-methyl-2,4,6-octatrienoic acid as yellow crystals, mp 158-160 ° C.

Example 5

0031Oxidation of the (all-E) -ethyl ester obtained in Example 3 with 1 equivalent of m-chloroperbenzoic acid at 0 ° C. in chloroform as solvent gave (all-E) -7- [7-heptyloxy-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro -4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl] -3-methyl-octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester as a yellow oil, which by hydrolysis in analogy to Example 4 in (all-E) - 7- [7-Heptyloxy-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl] -3-methyl-octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid was converted. Melting point 195-197 ° C (from AcOEt / Hexane).

Example 6

0032Oxidation of the (all-E) -ethyl ester obtained according to Example 3 with 2.2 equivalents of m-chloroperbenzoic acid at 0 ° C. in chloroform gave ethyl (all-E) -7- [7 '- (heptyloxy) 3', 4 after recrystallization from hexane '-dihydro4', 4'-dimethyl-2'H-1-benzothiopyran-6'-yl] -3-methyl-2,4,6-octatrienoate-1 ', 1'-dioxide, mp 105-107 ° C . Hydrolysis of this compound in analogy to Example 4 gave after recrystallization from AcOEt / hexane (all-E) -7- [7 '- (heptyloxy) -3', 4'-dihydro-4 ', 4'-dimethyl-2'H -1-benzothiopyran-6'-yl) -3-methyl-2,4,6-octatrienoic acid 1 ', 1'-dioxide, mp 140-141 ° C.

Example 7

0033<ul id="ul0004" list-style="none"><li>a) A solution of 10 g of m-hydroxybenzaldehyde in 100 ml of DMF was added dropwise to a suspension of 4 g of sodium hydride (50% in mineral oil) in 50 ml of DMF. The mixture was stirred for a further hour at 0 ° C. and then a solution of 11.1 g of dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride in 150 ml of DMF was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, poured onto ice water, acidified with 6N hydrochloric acid and extracted with AcOEt. After drying the organic phase, evaporation and filtration of the crude product over a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 3: 1), 10.2 g of O- (3-formylphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate were obtained as a yellowish oil. This product was heated to 230 ° C. under argon in a metal bath for 8 hours and, after filtration through a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 4: 1, then 1: 1) and recrystallization from EtOEt at -78 ° C., gave 7.3 g of S- (3-Formylphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate in golden yellow crystals, mp 76-77 ° C.</li><li>b) 13.2 g of n-heptyltriphenylphosphonium bromide were suspended in 200 ml of THF and 30 ml of n-butyllithium, 1.6 molar in hexane, were added dropwise at -10 ° C. After stirring for 1 hour at 0 ° C., a clear, red solution was obtained, to which a solution of 6 g of S- (3-formylphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate in 100 ml of THF was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, poured onto a methanol / water mixture (6: 4) and extracted with hexane. The non-aqueous phase was washed several times with water, dried and evaporated. After filtration through a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 9: 1), 6.5 g of S- (3- (1-octenylphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate as colorless oil (E / Z ratio approx. 1: 2). 3 g of this product were obtained were dissolved in 250 ml of glacial acetic acid and, after the addition of 6 g of platinum coal (5%), hydrogenated at 80 ° C./10 bar After 1 hour the hydrogenation was stopped, the catalyst was filtered off and evaporated. After filtration through a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 9: 1), 2.4 g of S- (3-octylphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate were obtained as a colorless oil.</li><li>c) 0.4 g of lithium aluminum hydride was suspended in 25 ml of THF. A solution of 2.4 g of S- (3-octylphenyl) dimethylthiocarbamate in 30 ml of THF was added dropwise at 0 ° C. and the mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for 2 hours. A solution of 1.2 g of 3,3-dimethylallyl bromide in 10 ml of THF was then added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for a further 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured onto ice water, acidified with 6N hydrochloric acid, extracted with EtOEt, dried and evaporated. After filtration through a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 4: 1), 2.3 g of 3-octylphenyl (3-methyl-2-butenyl) thioether were obtained as a colorless oil. This product was dissolved in 100 ml of toluene and, after adding 2 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid, heated to reflux for 20 hours on a water separator. After cooling, the reaction mixture was neutralized by adding aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with AcOEt. Filtration through a silica gel column (eluent hexane / AcOEt = 9: 1) gave 2.1 g of 7-octyl-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran as a pale yellowish oil.</li><li>d) 0.6 g of acetyl chloride were dissolved in 50 ml of methylene chloride and 1 g of aluminum chloride was added in portions at 0 ° C. After 15 minutes, a solution of 2.1 g of 7-octyl-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran in 50 ml of methylene chloride was added dropwise. The mixture was left to stir at 0 ° C. for 2 hours, poured from ice water and extracted with methylene chloride. The crude product was purified by chromatography on a Lobar finished column (Merck) (eluent hexane / AcOEt 1%). 1.3 g of 6-acetyl-7-octyl-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran were obtained as a slightly yellowish oil.</li><li>e) 1.3 g of 6-acetyl-7-octyl-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran were dissolved in 100 ml of chloroform. At 0 ° C., 1 equivalent (0.74 g) of 85% m-chloroperbenzoic acid dissolved in 50 ml of chloroform was first added dropwise, and another equivalent of m-chloroperbenzoic acid was added after 2 hours. The mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. overnight, poured onto ice water / sodium carbonate and extracted with methylene chloride. After recrystallization of the crude product from AcOEt / hexane, 1 g of 6-acetyl-7-octyl-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-1,1-dioxide was obtained in colorless crystals, mp 77 -78 ° C.</li><li>f) Analogously to Example 1 g), 0.95 g of 6-acetyl-7-octyl-3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-1,1-dioxide was reacted with 1.8 g of diethyl (4-carbäthoxybenzyl) phosphonate after deprotonation with sodium hydride in dimethyl sulfoxide and flash chromatography of the crude product on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 1: 1) 1.3 g of ethyl 4- [2- (4,4-dimethyl-7-octyl-1,1- dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl) propenyl] benzoate isolated as a pale yellow oil with an E / Z ratio of approx. 4: 9. By irradiating the crude product with an Hg high-pressure lamp in THF for 5 hours, the E / Z ratio can be shifted in favor of the E isomer (E / Z ∼ 1: 1). Preparative HPLC (diisopropyl ether / hexane = 55:45) of 0.9 g of E / Z mixture gave 300 mg of the E isomer and 430 mg of the Z isomer as pale yellowish oils.</li></ul>

Example 8

0034300 mg of ethyl (E) -4- [2- (4,4-dimethyl-7-octyl-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl) propenyl] benzoate dissolved in 30 ml of ethanol. After adding a solution of 330 mg of potassium hydroxide in 10 ml of water, the mixture was heated to 40 ° C. for 3 hours. The clear reaction mixture was poured onto ice water, acidified with 3N hydrochloric acid and extracted several times with AcOEt. After recrystallization of the crude product from AcOEt / hexane, 210 mg of (E) -4- [2- (4,4-dimethyl-7-octyl-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzothiopyran 6-yl) -propenyl] -benzoic acid in white crystals, mp 176-178 ° C.

Example 9

00351.84 g of 1- (1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol were placed in 20 ml of acetonitrile and mixed with 1.84 g of triphenylphosphine hydrobromide are added. The mixture was heated under reflux for 65 hours, cooled and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was taken up in CH₂Cl₂, dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated again. Stirring in 100 ml EtOEt / Hexane (1: 1) finally gave 2.82 g phosphonium salt as white crystals, which were reacted as follows:    It was dissolved in 25 ml of abs under argon. THF and deprotonated at 0 ° C by dropping 3.9 ml of 1.55M nBuLi (hexane). After 15 minutes, 814 mg of 4-formylbenzoic acid ethyl ester were added to the red ylide solution and the mixture was left to react for 1 hour at 0 ° C. and 1 hour at room temperature. Extraction with AcOEt, washing with water, drying, evaporation, flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 85/15) and recrystallization three times from hexane / AcOEt finally gave 702 mg (E) -4- [2- (8-octyloxy -5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid methyl ester as white crystals, mp 79-80 ° C.

0036The 1- (1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol used as the starting material can be prepared as follows:<ul id="ul0005" list-style="none"><li>a) 16.9 g of methoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium chloride in 100 ml of abs. Submitted THF and slowly added 30 ml of 1.55M nBuLi under argon at -5 ° C. After 15 minutes, a solution of 8.26 g of 8-bromo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-5-one in 50 ml of THF was slowly added dropwise and the mixture was left to react for 2 hours. Then the reaction mixture was partitioned between hexane and [EtOH / water = 8/2], the lighter phase was dried and evaporated in vacuo. This gave 9.1 g of crude enol ether mixture, which was hydrolyzed in 70 ml of THF under argon with 70 ml of 35% HClO₄. After 2 hours at room temperature it was poured onto ice, washed with water, dried and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 95/5) gave 6.86 g of 8-bromo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-5-carbaldehyde as a colorless oil (91.5% pure by GC).</li><li>b) 6.86 g of the aldehyde obtained in a) were in argon in 70 ml abs. submitted tBuOH and mixed with 5.76 g of K-tert-butoxide. The mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of about 15 ° C. and 4.3 ml of methyl iodide were slowly added dropwise. The mixture was stirred for a further 2 hours, poured onto ice, extracted with EtOEt, washed with water and NaCl solution, dried and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 96/4) gave 3.24 g of α-methylated aldehyde as a colorless oil.</li><li>c) These 3.24 g of 8-bromo-5-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-5-carbaldehyde were placed in 45 ml of diethylene glycol and treated with 1.38 ml of hydrazine hydrate and 3.23 g of KOH biscuits. The mixture was first heated to 100 ° C. for 1 hour and then to 180 ° C. for 3 hours. After cooling, it was poured onto ice, extracted with EtOEt, washed with water, dried and evaporated in vacuo. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane) gave 2.58 g of 8-bromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin as colorless crystals, mp 81-82 ° C.</li><li>d) 2.54 g of the above bromide were in argon in 30 ml abs. THF submitted and converted at -78 ° C by dropping 6.3 ml of 1.5M nBuLi into the corresponding Li compound. After 30 minutes, 2.9 ml of anhydrous nitrobenzene were added at -78 ° C. After 1 hour, the mixture was poured onto ice, extracted with EtOEt, washed with water, dried and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt, 95: 5) gave 1.08 g of 5,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-8-ol as a brownish oil.</li><li>e) Under argon, put in 10 ml of abs. DMF 340 mg NaH (approx. 50%). At 0 ° C., 1.08 g of 5,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-8-ol was added dropwise, dissolved in 10 ml of abs. DMF, and stirred for 30 minutes. Then 1.36 g of 1-octyl bromide were added and the mixture was left to react at room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture was poured onto ice, extracted with EtOEt, washed with water, dried and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 99/1) gave 1.60 g of 5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin as a colorless oil.</li><li>f) Under argon, 0.86 ml of AcCl and 1.24 g of AlCl₃ were placed in 17 ml of CH₂Cl₂. At -20 ° C, 1.60 g of 5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin, dissolved in 15 ml of CH₂Cl₂, was added dropwise. After 15 minutes, the mixture was poured onto ice, extracted with EtOEt, washed with bicarbonate and NaCl solution, dried and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 95/5) gave 1.97 g of 1- (5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7 yl) ethanol as colorless oil.</li><li>g) 1.93 g of 1- (5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol were placed in 40 ml of CH₂Cl₂ and at -25 ° C with 3.81 g of m-chloroperbenzoic acid (approx. 85%) are added. The mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for 2.5 hours, poured onto ice, extracted with AcOEt, washed successively with pyrosulfite solution, 2N NaOH, water and NaCl solution, dried and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 8/2) gave 1.77 g of 1- (1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin- 7-yl) ethanol as a colorless oil.</li><li>h) 1.77 g of 1- (1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol were dissolved in 15 ml of EtOH and treated with 168 mg NaBH₄. After 2 hours, the mixture was poured onto ice, extracted with AcOEt, washed with water, dried and evaporated. This gave 1.84 g of DC-uniform 1- (1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl-8-octyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol as a colorless oil .</li></ul>

Example 10

0037The following were prepared in analogy to Example 9:    (E) -4- [2- (8-Hexyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid - methyl ester as white crystals, mp 107.5-108-5 ° C;    (E) -4- [2- (8-heptyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid - methyl ester as white crystals, mp 92-93 ° C.

Example 11

0038193 mg (E) -4- [2- (8-heptyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid methyl ester was placed in 2 ml of THF / EtOH (1/1) and treated with 0.37 ml of 3N NaOH. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, poured onto ice, extracted with AcOEt, washed with a little water, dried and evaporated in vacuo. Crystallization from AcOEt yielded 152 mg of (E) -4- [2- (8-heptyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -propenyl] -benzoic acid as white crystals, mp 153-154 ° C.

Example 12

0039The following were prepared in analogy to Example 11:    (E) -4- [2- (8-Hexyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid as white crystals, mp 157-158 ° C; and    (E) -4- [2- (8-Octyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid as white crystals, mp 168-169 ° C.

Example 13

00403.58 g of 1- (5,5-dimethyl-8-octyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol were placed in 20 ml of acetonitrile and mixed with 3.34 g of triphenylphosphine hydrobromide are added. The mixture was heated under reflux for 70 hours, cooled and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was taken up in CH₂Cl₂, dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated again. Stirring in 200 ml EtOEt / Hexane (1: 1) finally gave 5.67 g phosphonium salt as white crystals. This phosphonium salt was abs. Argon in 80 ml. THF dissolved and deprotonated at 0 ° C by dropwise addition of 7.45 ml of 1.55M nBuLi. After 15 minutes, 1.60 g of methyl 4-formylbenzoate were added and the mixture was left to react for 1 hour at room temperature. Extraction with AcOEt, washing with water, drying, evaporation, flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 80/20) and recrystallization twice from hexane / AcOEt finally gave 1.41 g of (E) -4- [2- (5.5 -Dimethyl-8-octyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -propenyl] -benzoic acid methyl ester as white crystals, mp 85-86 ° C.

0041The 1- (5,5-dimethyl-8-octyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol used as the starting material was prepared as follows:<ul id="ul0006" list-style="none"><li>a) 3.00 g of 8-bromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin and 340 mg of Mg chips were prepared in 30 ml of abs. THF under argon the corresponding Grignard compound. The mixture was cooled to -20 ° C. and 220 mg of purified cul were added, followed by 3.18 ml of 1-iodo-octane. The mixture was warmed to 0 ° C. and poured onto ice / NH₄Cl solution after 1.5 hours. Extraction with EtOEt, washing with water and NaCl solution, drying, evaporation and flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane) gave 2.56 g of 5,5-dimethyl-8-octyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin as a colorless oil.</li><li>b) This 5,5-dimethyl-8-octyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin was, as described under Example 9 f), g) and h), acetylated, oxidized to the sulfone and finally reduced with NaBH₄ to 1- (5,5-dimethyl-8-octyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) ethanol.</li></ul>

Example 14

0042The following was prepared in analogy to Example 11:    (E) -4- [2- (5,5-Dimethyl-8-octyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid as white crystals, mp 164-165 ° C.

Example 15

0043<ul id="ul0007" list-style="none"><li>a) 2.20 g of 1- (5,5-dimethyl-8-hexyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -ethanone, prepared in analogy to Example 9f), were in 20 ml Section. THF is introduced under argon and 9.9 ml of 1M vinyl magnesium bromide solution (THF) are added at -20 ° C. After the addition had ended (clearly exothermic), the mixture was left to react for 1 hour and then poured onto ice / NH₄Cl. Extraction with EtOEt, washing with saturated NaCl solution, drying and evaporation, followed by flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane (AcOEt = 95/5), gave 2.16 g of tertiary alcohol as a colorless oil.</li><li>b) This was dissolved in 15 ml of acetonitrile and mixed with 2.45 g of triphenylphosphine hydrobromide. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, the LM was removed in vacuo and the residue was taken up in CH₂Cl₂. Drying, evaporation and digesting in 200 ml EtOEt / hexane = 1/1 gave 4.14 g rearranged phosphonium salt as a pink solid.</li><li>c) These 4.14 g were placed in 20 ml of 1,2-butylene oxide and treated with 691 mg of (E) -3-formyl-crotonic acid ethyl ester. The mixture was heated under reflux for 1 hour, cooled, poured onto ice and extracted with EtOEt. Washing with water and saturated NaCl solution, drying, evaporation and flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 96/4) gave 2.58 g of trienester, which was largely isomerized to the all-trans compound as follows:</li><li>d) This 2.58 g was dissolved under argon in 25 ml of acetonitrile and 37 mg of Pd (II) nitrate, 134 mg of triphenylphosphine and 35 microliters of triethylamine were added. The mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 4 hours and worked up again. Another flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 96/4) gave 2.33 g of almost isomerically pure (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (8-hexyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro -1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl-octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester as a pale yellow oil, which was oxidized to the sulfone as follows.</li><li>e) The substance was placed in 75 ml of CH₂Cl₂ and the solution was mixed at -20 ° C. with 2.4 eq. m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The mixture was allowed to warm to 0 ° C. and the reaction was monitored by means of thin layer chromatography. After 2 hours, the mixture was poured onto ice, extracted with AcOEt, washed successively with Na pyrosulfite solution, 2N NaOH and NaCl solution, dried and evaporated. Medium pressure chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 85/15), followed by recrystallization from hexane / AcOEt, finally gave 760 mg (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (8-hexyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1- dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl-octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester as colorless crystals of melting point 116-120 ° C (dec.). In addition, 170 mg of the over-oxidized 6,7-epoxy derivative were obtained.</li></ul>

Example 16

0044The following was prepared in analogy to Example 15:    (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (8-heptyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl- Octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester as pale yellow crystals, mp 98-99 ° C.

Example 17

0045254 mg (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (8-hexyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl -octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester were placed in 2 ml EtOH / THF = 1/1 and mixed with 0.5 ml 3N NaOH. The mixture was stirred overnight, poured onto ice and acidified with HCl conc. on, extracted with AcOEt, washed with a little water, dried and evaporated in vacuo. Crystallization from AcOEt / hexane gave 139 mg (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (8-hexyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7 -yl) -3-methyl-octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid as colorless crystals, mp 164-165 ° C.

Example 18

0046The following was prepared in analogy to Example 17:    (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (8-heptyloxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl- Octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid as pale yellow crystals, mp 152-153 ° C.

Example 19

0047The following was prepared in analogy to Example 15:    (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-8-octyl-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl- Octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid ethyl ester as colorless crystals, mp 88-89 ° C.

Example 20

0048The following was prepared in analogy to Example 17:    (2E, 4E, 6E) -7- (5,5-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-8-octyl-1-benzothiepin-7-yl) -3-methyl- Octa-2,4,6-trienoic acid as pale yellow crystals, mp 104-105 ° C.

Example 21

0049The following was prepared in analogy to Example 9:    (E) -4- [2- (6-Heptyloxy-3,3-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-benzo [b] -thiophene-5-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid methyl ester as white crystals mp 95-96 ° C.

0050The 6-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo [b] thiophene used as the starting material was synthesized as follows:    17.08 g of 3-bromothiophenol were placed in 60 ml of acetone and 37.3 g of powdered K₂CO₃ were added at 0 ° C. Then 10.1 ml of ethyl bromoacetate 1 were slowly added dropwise and the mixture was left to react for 1 hour. Then poured onto ice, extracted with EtOEt, washed with water, dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. This gave 24.05 g of product (GC> 98%), which was processed as follows:    Under argon, 150 ml of abs were prepared by standard methods. EtOEt from 5.46 g Mg shavings and 14.5 ml MeI the corresponding Grignard compound. 22.8 g of the ester prepared above, dissolved in 70 ml of abs, were added dropwise at -10 ° C. EtOEt. After 1 hour, the mixture was poured onto ice / NH₄Cl, extracted with EtOEt, washed with sat. NaCl solution, dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane / AcOEt = 85/15) gave 11.94 g of tertiary alcohol, which was cyclized as follows:    Under argon, 21.7 g of AlCl₃ were placed in 80 ml of CS₂. With stirring, 11.94 g of the tertiary alcohol prepared above, dissolved in 10 ml of CS₂, were added dropwise at 0.degree. The mixture was heated under reflux for 3 hours, cooled, carefully poured onto ice and extracted with hexane. The organic phase was washed with water, dried over Na₂SO₄ and the solvent was removed in vacuo Flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane) gave 9.54 g of a mixture which, according to GC, contained 36.5% of the desired 6-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzo [b] thiophene and 60% of the Regioisomeric 4-bromo compound contained. The separation took place at the next stage, after conversion into the corresponding phenols, which was carried out as described under 9d).

Example 22

0051The following was prepared in analogy to Example 11:    (E) -4- [2- (6-Heptyloxy-3,3-dimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-benzo [b] -thiophene-5-yl) propenyl] benzoic acid as white crystals mp 151-152 ° C.

Example A

0052Hard gelatin capsules can be made as follows: <tables id="tabl0001" num="0001"><table frame="all"><tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="78.75mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="78.75mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Components</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center">mg / capsule</entry></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">1. spray-dried powder containing 75% of compound I.</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">20</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">2nd Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">0,2</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">3rd Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">4,8</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">4th microcrystalline cellulose</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">86,0</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">5. Talk</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">8,0</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">6. Magnesium stearate</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=","><u> 1.0</u></entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Total</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">120</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

0053The spray-dried powder, which is based on the active ingredient, gelatin and microcrystalline cellulose and has an average grain size of the active ingredient of &lt;1 μ (measured by means of autocorrelation spectroscopy), is moistened and kneaded with an aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate. The resulting mass is granulated, dried and sieved, and the granules obtained are mixed with microcrystalline cellulose, talc and magnesium stearate. The powder is filled into size 0 capsules.

Example B

0054Tablets can be made as follows: <tables id="tabl0002" num="0002"><table frame="all"><tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="78.75mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="78.75mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Components</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center">mg / tablet</entry></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">1. Compound I as a finely ground powder</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">20</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">2nd Milk sugar powder.</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">100</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">3rd Corn starch white</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">60</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">4th Povidone K30</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">8</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">5. Corn starch white</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">112</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">6. Talk</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right"><u>16</u></entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">7. Magnesium stearate</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">4</entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Total</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right"><maths id="math0002"><math display="inline"><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mtext>320</mtext></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math><img file="EP0568898A1_D0010.tif" /></maths></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

0055The finely ground substance is mixed with milk sugar and part of the corn starch. The mixture is moistened with an aqueous solution of Povidone K30 and kneaded, and the resulting mass is granulated, dried and sieved. The granulate is mixed with the remaining corn starch, talc and magnesium stearate and compressed into tablets of a suitable size.

Example C

0056Soft gelatin capsules can be made as follows: <tables id="tabl0003" num="0003"><table frame="all"><tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="78.75mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="78.75mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Components</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center">mg / capsule</entry></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">1. Compound I</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">5</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">2nd Triglyceride</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">450</entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Total</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right"><maths id="math0003"><math display="inline"><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mtext>455</mtext></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math><img file="EP0568898A1_D0011.tif" /></maths></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

005710th g of compound I are dissolved in 90 g of medium-chain triglyceride with stirring, inert gassing and light protection. This solution is processed as a capsule filling compound into soft gelatin capsules of 5 mg of active ingredient.

Example D

0058A lotion can be made as follows: <tables id="tabl0004" num="0004"><table frame="all"><tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="78.75mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="78.75mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Components</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" /></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">1. Compound I, finely ground</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">1.0 g</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">2nd Carbopol 934</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">0.6 g</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">3rd Sodium hydroxide</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">qs ad pH 6</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">4th Ethanol, 94%</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">50.0 g</entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">5. demineralized water</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=",">ad 100.0 g</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

0059The active ingredient is incorporated into the ethanol, 94% strength / water mixture under light protection. Carbopol 934 is stirred in until complete gelation and the pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide.