Device for controlling or regulating apparatus powered by batteries.

State of the art

p0001The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

p0002Devices or electronic switches that serve the control of powered by batteries or rechargeable batteries electrical appliances, especially the connection of electric motors to them with power supplied batteries, are known in a variety of embodiments, specifically in connection with electric hand tools such as drills, electric screwdriver o . the like., in which the control case of a battery the driving motor of the electric hand-held device current supplied through a power semiconductor flows, which is ultimately affected in its conductivity by the position of a lever handle so, that a power control operation of the electric motor is possible.

p0003Corresponding battery switch as u, for example, from companies such as CAPAX. like. manufactured and sold, are typically constructed so that at least the power transistor must be disposed as a single block together with a required cooling body externally to the electronic switch housing, at a location within the machine whose to be controlled or regulated motor. In this way you can the power semiconductor as sufficiently cool, for example by mounting a housing o. The like. That damage during controlled operation are largely excluded.

p0004Here, the known structure, for example, the CAPAX electronic switch is further made that a real, closed housing is not provided; It is realized from three clearly distinguishable housing part components formed by mating housing, in addition to the single module of the power transistor. So is on the known housing snapped a separate right / left switch, which itself is connected via two outer along the housing run lead connections to the housing, in addition to three other leads that are out of the housing for single block of the power transistor have to.

p0005All inasmuch internal or external continuing electrical connections, so the battery or to the motor terminals are formed as direct connections that make it necessary to introduce tinned wire ends through slots in which they are then locked in place by locking tabs.

p0006This is costly, not necessarily reliable, since such plug connections can certainly solve again, cumbersome and, moreover, not dustproof, as in any event also contamination inside the housing can enter through the entry holes for the connecting wires, but which is also in any case not designed it especially dustproof ,

p0007The assembly of such known battery control switch on an electronic basis is therefore also complicated, expensive and, although not always performed sufficiently foolproof only because of the number of external electrical interconnections, so that errors can occur when untrained personnel. Furthermore arising within the supplied with such electronic switch device, a plurality of electric wire connections that can be run outside of the approximately box-shaped housing form of the electronic switch and therefore also subject to interference.

p0008The invention generally depend on such an electronic switch to control motors, for example, in electric hand devices that are powered by batteries or rechargeable batteries. However, it should be understood that this is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and a use even in other battery-powered devices and systems is possible. The description of the invention and also in the preceding of the known prior art only relates to a specific field of application, on which the article of the invention can also be used with particular advantage.

p0009The invention has for its object, a supply circuit for supplied by Battery Operation consumers in such a way that one can operate with a minimum number of interconnect lines for the various circuit components and the individual circuit components clean and arranged in suitable electrical and mechanical positioning to each other, by and are stored.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

p0010The invention solves this object with the characterizing features of the main claim and has the advantage that it is possible, despite pressing narrowness of the individual circuit components, all of which are housed within a common sealed housing, to achieve a successful and safe operation, and that is because the invention just exploits the density and specific circuit components double functions attributed that can be electrically / mechanical nature mechanical / mechanical nature or preferred. This closely adjacent position of various circuit components is exploited by forming individual elements of these components at the same time elements of adjacent circuit components. In the illustrated embodiment, on the circuit board, which is preferably a ceramic substrate and hereinafter also so without limiting the invention to this particular solution will be referred to, necessarily supply lead and -abführungselemente attached, in the form of contact angles in the rest for IC guided and carried away by this flow over the entire surface with a leg on the ceramic surface and a surface contact formed there and secured.

p0011The other leg of this angle of contact is perpendicular of the ceramic substrate from, passes through a possibly provided encapsulant within a Vergußrahmens and directly forms a fixed contact for a adjacent to the ceramic substrate disposed switch, which will in turn from an overlying gate guide, actuated by the trigger handle, controlled via tappets ,

p0012This thus results in a meaningful juxtaposition and superposition of individual circuit components with their individual elements arranged so sorted and useful run inside the sealed housing of the control device that can be done without any special wire connections inside the housing, yet by an outward facing heatsinks power semiconductor and circuit are arranged well chilled in the housing.

p0013There are contact angle and contact sheets of metallic strip material of predetermined thickness, extending from and between the individual circuit components, connect them together electrically and mechanically to ensure the cohesion of the elements and also with particular preference the above main circuit part, however, within the common housing arranged right / include links switcher in this internal networking with. Therefore, it is emanating from the individual electrical contact paths, accordingly formed by bending and cutting blades, flags and legs that make up the required fixed contacts for the right / left switch, likewise for a brake switch, which is also still located within the housing and the releasing the lever handle short-circuit the motor terminals.

p0014The measures specified in the dependent claims, advantageous refinements and improvements of the main claim are possible device. Also particularly advantageous is the direct connection of the circuit board as a ceramic substrate vertically upstanding second leg of the contact angle with internal contact tracks in the form of web-type metallic strip material, which extend in the housing and thereby also provide for relative positioning of the individual circuit components in the housing.

drawing

p0015Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in the following description. Show it:<dl id="dl0001"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>in a side view an embodiment of an electronic switch according to the invention (start and accelerator switch) for cordless tools with all working components in a common housing (A case principle);</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>a view of the electronic switch of FIG. 1 from above;</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>in more detail the electronic switch according to the invention of one of the side view of Figure 1 opposite side with the housing cover.</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>a section along the line IV-IV of Figure 3, wherein details are provided above and is omitted in the region of the lever handle for a better understanding.</dd><dt>Fig. 5</dt><dd>a side view from the direction V of Figure 4 with part-sectional view in the upper left-right switch.</dd><dt>Fig. 6</dt><dd>schematically shows a side view from the left side of Figure 3 according to the arrow VI, with cut-away wall parts for illustration of the form of contact web guidance in this area along the narrow lateral side of the electronic switch housing.</dd><dt>Fig. 7</dt><dd>a section along the line VII, simplistic and omitting other items from which can be seen the mounting of contact track angles of a hybrid electronic circuitry at the contact web guides; </dd><dt>Fig. 8</dt><dd>shows a section along the line VIII-VIII of Figure 3, also with parts broken away to illustrate a switch piece guide in the region of the pusher and the Potentiometerschleifers on the hybrid block.</dd><dt>Fig. 9</dt><dd>shows a section along the line IX-IX of Figure 4, from which the details of the integrated electronics in the switch housing right-left switch to be visible.</dd><dt>Fig. 10</dt><dd>shows in partial cross section, again with parts omitted, a separate insert body for the right-left switch, generally along the line XX of Figure 9, but with the inner Umschaltwippe omitted.</dd><dt>Fig. 11</dt><dd>shows a side view of a first, continuous, moved within the electronic switch housing contact web guidance with simultaneous contact to the outside, the hybrid module, in the area of ​​the right-left switch and a motor short circuit;</dd><dt>Fig. 12</dt><dd>shows the contact web guide of Figure 11 in a side view.</dd><dt>Fig. 13</dt><dd>shows the contact web guide of Figures 11 and 12 in a view from above.</dd><dt>Fig. 14</dt><dd>shows a second, moved within the electronic switch housing shortened contact web guidance that leads from the port of the hybrid module to the right-left switch and Motorkurzschlußkontaktierung;</dd><dt>FIG. 15a, 15b, 15c</dt><dd>show in plan view and two side views of one possible embodiment of the arrangement of circuit components as well as contact angle on the ceramic substrate of the hybrid device; </dd><dt>Fig. 16</dt><dd>finally shows the electrical circuit diagram of the electronic switch.</dd></dl>

Description of Embodiments

p0016The illustration of FIG. 1 shows that all are arranged for the controlled (or possibly regulated) power supply to battery devices, for example, to their speed control, necessary structural components in a single, closed housing, also and specifically the electronic high-power semiconductor switches and the most envisaged possibility for the right-left direction reversal of driven battery device.

p0017This means that the electronic switches in contrast to the previously known embodiments has only and preferably greater than four leading to the outside main contact terminals, namely via the two with the battery to be connected to terminals 11a and 11b, which protrude from the bottom of the device in the illustrated embodiment, and two laterally above outbound further contact terminals 12a, 12b, which constitute the motor terminals and originating from the area of ​​the right-left switch.

p0018For all connecting contacts is plug-in connections, which have the shape of the walls of equipment penetrating metallic reeds, known in the such as from car technology, further counter-contact terminals can be plugged. In this way it is possible to get the electronic switch housing substantially dustproof; the lead-through openings in the housing can be tolerated tightly or it is alternatively possible to overmold the respective lead-out contact paths from the housing material.

p0019If desired some more additional ports can be routed to the outside, for example, both in the representation of Figure 1 with 13a, 13b designated narrower contact connectors for LED displays (an LED color for display of battery undervoltage -. A more LEDs color for overtemperature display, which simultaneously an automatic down-regulation of the power output corresponds to, is then further down yet been received).

p0020The special design of the outer contact terminals in the form of tabs and a great adaptability to different room conditions is possible, since the tabs can be bent as desired, as the two motor terminals 12a, 12b show in Fig. 2.

p0021the right-left switch-lever 2 Above STARTER or manual trigger handle 14, sitting on a guided in the housing handle axis 15, is 16, viewed as known per se and from FIG. seen about a fixed axis 17 in the double arrow a direction and is pivotably mounted in a slot 18 receives a switching pin 19 which actuates through a housing opening, a switching rocker 20 (Fig. 9). Between the pusher handle 14 and the left-right changeover switch lever 16, a mechanical connection is provided which is so formed that the left-right changeover switch lever 16 can be actuated only when the trigger handle 14 is in the off position. An essential idea of ​​the present invention can be seen from the diagram of Figure 1 in conjunction with Figures 3 and 4..; the allocation and accommodation of all, is partly very different working components for the electronic switch within a single, cup-shaped and enclosed by a cover housing so that the rectangular housing is divided in a plane parallel to its large cross-sectional area, so that first and in this package direction successively in the cup-shaped housing 21 (Fig. 4) is a large-scale hybrid module 22 is adjacent loaded on the housing bottom 21a of which in Fig. 4, only the ceramic substrate 22a can be seen essentially that in this way made available larger base in a position is to include all electrical and electronic structural components, mainly in the conventional thick film technology, as will be discussed further below. In the plane of FIG. 4 to the right joins the hybrid module 22 with Vergußrahmen 23, a switch section 24, which continues upwards into the region of the lever guide 25. Above the hybrid module 22 one hand, and the switch section 24 and the handle guide 25 on the other hand is, extending over the entire area, but within the single housing, the area 26 of the right-left switch, then logically the before-mentioned by the motor terminal tabs 12a, 12b out. Here, not 4 is a previously mentioned, indispensable for the accelerator function of the electronic switch potentiometer range 27 in the plane of Fig. Left of the area of ​​the handle guide 25, even on the ceramic substrate 22a of the hybrid module 22 and that of a fork-shaped, in a bearing in pusher axle 15 guided sander 28 contacted.

p0022The extent mentioned solution necessarily implies that what is the case in the present invention, in contrast to all previously known embodiments, also the continuously controllable and therefore acted upon under circumstances with high power dissipation semiconductor, through which the entire supply current for the battery pack connected device flows within the electronics switch housing and, in addition, in accordance with a preferred feature of the invention is arranged as an IC (for example in the form of a MOS-FET) on the plate of the ceramic substrate 22a.

p0023To solve the extent conflicting demands, namely to provide for such a design for a sufficient cooling, an adequately dimensioned cooling plate or heat sink 29 is on the other side of the ceramic substrate 22a, as shown in FIG. 4, arranged, namely, for example, with a thermally conductive adhesive glued onto the back of the ceramic substrate. In this heat sink 29 may be a thicker copper plate of the size of the ceramic substrate or the mitgebildeten of this hybrid module 22, wherein the heat sink 29 protrudes through a bottom opening 30 in the cup-shaped housing part 21 of the electronic switch housing to the outside.

p0024It is then possible, in a similar system to this heatsink 29 in bringing from the outside more coolant to the electronic switch housing and thus provide a completely adequate supply of waste heat mainly generated by the semiconductor, without it being as otherwise necessary, a plurality of lead compounds to arrange the circuit breaker elsewhere in the housing of the associated device with good heat dissipation, tighten around there. Since the heat dissipation via the generously dimensioned heat sinks, which takes up almost a side surface of the electronic switch housing (except for the overlying right-left switch region), is not critical and can be designed accordingly, it is possible with a single compact housing in this case, then only very low wiring costs for the remaining four main terminals via tabs all work component to accommodate in this one case, so that make a significant addition to assembly simplification at all construction, cost, space, universal adaptability of the electronic switch considerably cheaper.

p0025For all security is, as will be discussed further below in the discussion of the electronic circuit of the semiconductor switch (MOSFET) comprehensive IC designed so that it comes into action even at a given temperature is exceeded during exercise, so its output throttles so far, as is decisive for its performance. However Normally sets, as tests have confirmed such a down-regulation in practical operation not one, because in extremely heavy use, such as for those electronic switch in battery devices already common, the integrated circuit is bridged by a bypass switch, while on the other hand, in controlled operation due the interpretation adopted by-reaching outward heatsink 29 a sufficient cooling option is available so that the down-regulation does not need to respond.

p0026In another significant aspect in the present invention can also immediately in connection with the representation of FIG are received. 3 and 4; since the switch section 24 is located adjacent to the hybrid module 22, namely corresponding to FIG. 3 above this, are on the ceramic substrate 22a with the local terminals in a corresponding way electrically connected (this is below yet been received) mounted contact strip angle 32, usually soldered, such as This is best shown Fig. 4. This contact strip angle encounter then perpendicular to its contact surface on the ceramic substrate 22a by the located within the Vergußrahmens 32 encapsulant from the hybrid module 22 to the outside and serve with its projected surface immediately as a contact piece for each switch of the switch portion 24th

p0027To distinguish the essential, the construction of the electronic switch is provided for cordless tools Single switch better and fit into the overall design, it is useful first to consider briefly the electrical construction from the representation of FIG. 16.

p0028Accordingly, the heart of the hybrid module 22 (shown in phantom in FIG. 16, frame) formed by an IC, which also contains the semiconductor power switch HS, typically a MOS-FET. The internal structure of the IC is or may in any case be of conventional structure, for example, for a speed control of a DC motor M and is below where necessary explained.

p0029The DC supply voltage U_B the battery passes through the already mentioned contact tongues 11a, 11b (same name as in Figs. 1 and 2) to the electronic switch, wherein the contact terminal connected to the negative pole of the supply battery is 11b connected to negative ground rail L2 of the circuit; the positive lead is denoted by L1.

p0030A first on / off switch S1 is provided, which connects the positive input contact terminal at the contact tongue 11a with the hybrid module 22 and the circuit formed by this; an input terminal E1 and the output terminal A1 of the hybrid module bridging full load switch S2, the positive pole is connected by bypassing the control circuit directly to a motor terminal (corresponding to output terminal A1 of the control circuit).

p0031It is still a further switch S4 is provided which shorts the motor terminals corresponding output terminal A1 of the control circuit and ground terminal M; This switch will be referred to according to its action as a brake switch.

p0032A fourth switch S3 is finally the right-left switch of motor direction and has appropriate double contacts.

p0033From the above-mentioned switches the input switch S1, the full-load switch S2 and the brake switch S4 is switched by the actuation of the trigger, while the right-left switch S3 is operated separately by the pivot switch 16 above the hand lever handle fourteenth

p0034Correspondingly, input switch S1 and full-load switch S2 are in this order below the handle guide 25 arranged when one returns to the representation of FIG. 3 and 4, FIG. 3 shows the position of the lever handle for a released lever handle in the off-switch position.

p0035The lever axis 15, for example, can overrule the rotary axis, the intake opening 32, changes within the housing in shape, external dimensions and structure significantly in order to meet the various tasks.

p0036As the display 3, and Figure 8 shows in the Fig., The handle axis 15 is in a roughly rectangular-shaped, provided with bevels and cuts inner handle part 33 about. Below the handle portion 33 in the illustration of FIG. 3 are located, is inserted and held from the inner to the housing 21 integral Wandformern 35, the structures for the input switch S1 and the full-load switch S2, arranged side by side and each consisting of a switch plunger 35a, 35b, in each case upwardly in the illustration of Fig. 3 and 4 biased by a strong biasing spring 36a, 36b, a metallic contact bridge 37a, 37b superimposed.

p0037The switch plunger 35a, 35b each have upper sliding surfaces 38, the comprehensive cam track 39 is linked to a lower, an inclined surface on the inner handle portion in operative connection. . In the illustration of Figure 3, the inner punch member 33 is pressed by a separate, strong bias spring 40 to the off-switch position to the right stop position in which the two switch plungers 35a, 35b are moved against their own spring downward pressure; in this position, the upper sliding surfaces 38 of the switch plunger in the dash-dotted position 38 'or 38' '. The free displacement distance for the inner handle member 33 is characterized in Figure 3 by the distance B. is now moved by exerting pressure on the lever handle 14 through the handle shaft 15, the inner punch member 33 in the plane of FIG. 3 gradually to the left, then first passes the switch plunger 35a, the inclined path of the cam track 39 following with its upper sliding surface 38, upwards and this takes under the action of its own spring preload with the contact bridge 37a. This passes the first input switch S1 in its conductive closing position - the circuit of the hybrid module 22 is supplied with power and at the same time, as will be discussed further below, a slide potentiometer with further impressions of the trigger is actuated so that by the IC at the output A1 Output current for the motor M is provided depending on the lever position is available (Fig. 16).

p0038If the trigger switch is fully depressed, that is in the left-hand terminal position of FIG. 3 is displaced, then finally also includes the second full-load switch S2 and bridges the electrical circuit of Fig. 16 with IC, thereby the motor M is supplied with the full supply voltage of the battery (not continuous mode).

p0039The force acting on the trigger strong bias spring 40 is shown over a larger part of its length in the fully extended position as shown in Fig. 3 41 performed without tilting the inner pusher member 33 in a correspondingly shaped recess and is on the opposite side of a bowl-like preceding version 42 held.

p0040To better understand the current flow diagram and thus the distribution of the individual components within the switch housing is now first be explained in conjunction with the illustrations of FIGS. 15a, 15b and 15c, the contact path angle distribution on the ceramic substrate 22a of the hybrid module 22nd

p0041Fig. 3 shows that the (positive-voltage from the battery leading) Input tongue 11a (integral) merges into a first inner contact web 44, the above two contact bridges 37a, the switches S1, S2 is located with a horizontal bend 44a 37b, and in this way directly forming the respective input contact piece for these switches.

p0042Earlier was already mentioned that the output contacts are formed for these switches directly from contact angles emanating from the substrate 22a of the hybrid module and considering the representation of Fig. 15a, then one can see that on the plate of the ceramic substrate 22a (among other components , need not be entered on or which are explained further below), a first contact angle is 32, immediately forms the inner counter-contact for the input switch S1 with a vertically projecting surface 32a. This contact angle 32 therefore reaches the positive supply voltage to the circuit of the hybrid module 22 and is (as far as desired in each case also custom designed) via a lower contact surface connection to the IC conducted. At this, the respective desired current control results (to be explained); the output of the IC is thick wire bonding 45 is guided via a (preferably due to the high currents duplicate) to a second contact angle 46 whose also vertically projecting leg 46a of both the output terminal A1 of the control circuit as well, as shown in FIG. 16 seen the inner Kontaktstück- forms connection for the second full-load switch S2.

p0043For completeness, it is pointed out that even the freewheeling diode D1 is on the ceramic substrate 22a according to the circuit of FIG. 16 the output terminal of the contact angle 46 with which it is connected through the substrate with another ground terminal contact angle 47 connects, again via a corresponding thick wire bonding 48. the further contact angle 47 of the ground terminal has a bent-leg 47a, the leg 47a and the (double) legs 46a of the contact piece 46 as output A1 respectively Lötstellenanschlüsse for more inner contact pads of the electronic switch form, which will be equal to.

p0044The structure on the ceramic substrate completed up 13a through on this printed potentiometer tracks 48a, 48b as well as by two (tinned) pads 49 for the before-mentioned LED's, for the optional connection with the outward guided terminal, 13b in FIG. 1.

p0045The continued current flow within the housing of the electronic switch takes place so that, starting from the outer input tongue is made (for the negative pole of the supply battery) which in turn merges into an inner, comparatively complex design and extending contact path 50, at first, an electrical connection 51 between a first, upstanding from the contact track 50 wing 50a and the negative terminal contact angle 47 of the hybrid module 22nd

p0046The contact web 50 then proceeds as in particular the illustration of FIG. 6 shows in more detail, along the inner housing wall of the electronic switch upwards and then forms a horizontal bent leg 50b, as can best be taken from the illustration of Fig. 11, 12 and 13 can be. In the upper housing portion of this contact trajectory met two other tasks, namely forming a 50b from the horizontal leg folded up, flat bent tabs 50c to a (negative) terminal post for the right-left switch in the head of the electronic switch housing, while a back bent down short leg 50d of the inner contact track 50 a first contact piece for the brake switch S4 forms, which will be discussed on the (comp. FIG. 8).

p0047In the most general case of a clocked by the IC engine provided control voltage (in the controlled operation and full-load switch S2 is open), this is performed by the output -Kontaktwinkel 46a to a further inner contact web 52 as another conductor within the switch housing electronics. This second contact track 52 is shorter than the just discussed contact track 50, because it does not need to be guided to the outside; it begins, as Fig. 6 shows, as a further electrical connection 53, for example Handlötverbindung, as well as at 51 and is hereinafter referred to only as, is soldered to a transverse tabs 52a at the contact rail leg 46a, then runs adjacent and parallel to the contact path 50 (in Fig. 3 below this) is also upwards and then forms substantially the same but complementary shapes and functions, as already explained with reference to the contact path 50 and also as shown in Fig. 14, ie, an upper horizontal leg 52b is in a second upward folded broad area lobes 52c and terminates in a downwardly bent portion 52d as a second contact piece for the brake switch S4 (Fig. 8).

p0048The brake switch S4 is supported itself with its bridge-shaped contact member 53 at the inner punch member 33, where the switching part 53 (Fig. 8) movably held by a cover 54 of the pusher member 33, in a small private biasing spring 55 up to an internal stop on the handle part 33 the drawing plane of Fig. 8 is pressed to the right.

p0049One recognizes that the short-circuiting switch S4 opens when the lever handle 25 even slightly moved inward, that is, before the input switch S1 can close its contacts. On the other hand, is ensured by the low intrinsic mobility with its own biasing spring 55 on the short switch S4 that the electrical contact between the bridge-shaped contact piece 53 and its two opposing contact pieces 50d, 52d (originating from the inner contact strips 50 and 52) of all circumstances in the off position pusher is ensured since the contact piece 53 even slightly recedes against its own spring bias in the right stop position of the inner handle member 33 and makes good contact; the handle is then depressed again upon starting of the device, then the bridge-like contact member 53 is applied to one of its internal shape corresponding stop wall 56 (dashed lines in FIG. 8), the contacts soft and next closes the input switch S1.

p0050From the representation of FIG. 8 you can still see the angled shape of Potentiometerschleifers 28 which along the potentiometer tracks 48a, 48b slides on the ceramic substrate 22a and the two webs to each other, so that the indicated in Fig. 16 at P1 potentiometer for speed control adopted the battery powered device yields.

p0051Fig. 7 shows once again clearly the position of the two inner contact strips 50 and 52 with their respective lateral projections, the two connection areas (Handlötstellen 51, 52 and 53) and the, hybrid module 22, consisting of the ceramic substrate 22a with the two contact pieces for the switches S1 and S2 forming contact legs 32a, 46a and the Vergußrahmen 23. It can be seen that the plate of the ceramic substrate 22a at the side rests on the inner opening edges 30a of the bottom cutout 30 of the housing and only the heat sink 29 from the housing protrudes for further contacting and heat dissipation. The housing is sealed by a lid 21a and the individual parts of the electronic switch are formed and by that the mounting of the liberated from the cover side of the then box-shaped housing can be carried out starting so that these parts are successively be stacked or inserted into the housing so that finally an automatic assembly, if desired, is possible.

p0052The overall structure of the electronic switch still is completed by the formation of the right-left switch so, as best shown in FIG. Can be taken. 9 In the upper part of the housing 21, an inner part of the housing 10 is inserted 57 for the right-left switch S3 which absorbs contact tracks and contact angle for the right-left switch and in this also lies, as shown in FIG.. The inner part of the housing 57 secures the relative position of the top view of Figure 9 most recognizable switch structures for the right-left switch, the contact tabs 50c and 52c form the power and bring up -. The lobe 50c for the ground terminal and 52c with respect to the controlled (intermittent) DC power supply as a positive voltage terminal or full supply voltage when switch S2 is closed.

p0053The two contact tabs 50c and 52c are located opposite each other and have a weak crescent shape; two movable contact rockers are further provided 58a and 58b, which are in constant electrical contact with the inner bearing clamp angles 59a, 59b, 12b which in turn pass to the outside in the leading to the motor terminals tabs 12a, preferably in one piece. Here again, the recording is by an inner portion of housing 57 of the corresponding fixing and positioning of these switching elements, wherein the contact rockers 58a, 58b have an approximately hemispherically curved shape and are each centrally accommodated by the fork-shaped end portions 60 of the inner bearing clamps. It is recognized that depending on the angular position of the according to the double arrow C rotatable switching lever 20, the contact rockers 58a, 58b respectively opposite 52c and 50c touch the contact lugs, so that at the output tabs 12a, 12b, 20 a changing in polarity depending on the position of the switching rocker output voltage.

p0054The rocker switch 20 includes in its interior supported on each side by means of small springs 61 biased plungers 62 so that the contact between the contact rocker and the contact tabs 50c, 52c properly.

p0055The switching of the switching rocker 20 in their respective other angular position by means of the shift lever 16 for the right-left switch can be carried out as shown in Figure 5 above. a pivot ridge 16a of the shift lever 16 detected by means of said elongated hole 18 a protruding from its upper opening 63 housing pivot 19, which is in turn suitably connected with the pivotable rocker 20th The integration especially of the right-left switching portion inside the closed housing for the electronic switch is particularly advantageous because in this way all the working components are integrated without external wiring effort in an unusually compact, outwardly sealed design, and above all by designing sealing the housing walls penetrating tabs needs also in rough conditions not to be feared that foreign matter or dust from entering the inside of the switch. Therefore, the construction nor completed in the handle guide by an additional seal 64 (Fig. 3), which is arranged by a sealing groove recording 65 in the field of implementation of the pusher shaft 15 in the housing interior and this axis surrounds properly sealed.

p0056Another advantageous feature is that. By the meaningful construction of the inner metallic strong band-shaped contact paths possible deformation work that could be the very strong pusher spring for example, exert on the housing walls, is collected, so to speak, and in the following manner

p0057As best illustrated in FIGS. 6, the inner contact pads 50 and 52, the narrow body-lateral side practically filling run inside from the bottom up, in which case both contact paths 50 and 52 in the direction indicated by X amount of horizontal leg 50b, 52b lacking, which extends transversely over the entire width of the housing, until these legs integrally merges into the downwardly bent again short contact legs 50d, 52d. The main transverse leg 50b, 52b extends therefore parallel to the biasing spring 40 for the handle, and as for a released trigger handle 14 of the inner punch member 33 with the bearing of him brake switch S4 on the contact bridge 53 is fully credited to the short contact legs 50d, 52d rests, one realizes that the presser spring 40 (indirectly) supported on both sides of the metallic contact paths, because the cup-like socket 42 is a plastic molding at least on the current upward contact track 50. the pusher spring 40 is therefore in their vigorous expansionism by both lateral sides of at least one of contact strips held together as it were, and safely kept in its effects from the housing.

p0058It should be noted that the individual assemblies and components are sorted and held within the rectangular box shape of the housing 21 by housing inserts which have been briefly mentioned earlier and are composed of web-like discontinuities, intermediate walls and partitions. To extend the casing wall insert 35 for the switches S1 and S2 with a preferably integrally formed inner part transverse wall 35 'in the plane of FIG. 3, first to the left and then the vertically extending legs 35' 'upwards, which at the same time cover at least the contact strip 50 and the cup-shaped socket 42 is formed for the presser spring 40th

p0059Below the range of the right-left switch are thus in the housing box form first inserted the IC module 22 with towering outwardly heatsink; on its Vergußrahmen 23, the inner housing multiwall structure 35, 35 ', 35' 'is placed, in turn, the ram 35a, 35b including the switching mechanism, and biasing springs 36a, 36b of the two switches S1, S2 superimposed. Above the switches S1, S2 is the inner handle member 33 to lie with its upper edge at the same sliding surfaces 33a, 33b, 33c form, with which the handle portion 33 along the lower surfaces of the transverse guided contact tracks 50, 52, ie the cross leg 50b, 52b slides and these also used as a sliding guide.

p0060Furthermore then located the insert housing 57 for the right-left switch; Considering here the illustration of FIG. 9, then it can be seen also that this part of the housing with projections 57a, corresponding openings 66 of the housing 21 and the lid 57b 21a tight (because of dust proofing) penetrated and so the upper motor terminal-tabs leads to the outside.

p0061For the hybrid module 22 can still following can be stated. It is a ceramic substrate of alumina of predetermined thickness is used, applied at the conductor paths in the screen printing process, dried, and baked. Resistors and potentiometers can also be applied by screen printing or as SMD components, such as capacitors also realized. The contact angle 32 is designed to supply (+ U_B-connection) Of the hybrid and the same time as a fixed contact for the input switch S1. The contact angle 46 serves as an output terminal of the circuit and at the same time. As a further fixed contact for the full-load switch S2 as a bypass switch for the IC Here, the upstanding leg 46a of this contact angle 46 formed in the manner of a double leg to simultaneously create a Handlötstelle for connection to the shorter contact path 52nd The Second Handlötstelle is then formed by the upstanding leg 47a of the contact angle 47 of the ground terminal of the hybrid.

p0062A link to before-mentioned short LEDs, for example, for displaying overtemperature and undervoltage can be made with leaf springs, which rest resiliently on the pads 49 for the LED's.

p0063The two potentiometer tracks 48a, 48b are connected by the bifurcated wiper 28 and be bridged with increasing infeed to zero resistance. Extent, no sliding contact is provided, and the potentiometer is implemented as a variable resistor.

p0064In conjunction with the circuit diagram of FIG. 16 and the previously discussed configuration images can be established to function that upon initial impressions of the handle grip 14, the electronics is activated by closing the input switch S1 as the negative terminal of the battery from the outset on the contact path 50 by connected to external terminal corresponding plug blade 11b.

p0065The control of the hybrid module operates according to the method of pulse width modulation; the increase or decrease of about the right-left switch supplied to the motor current is performed by widening or narrowing of current pulses otherwise constant height and frequency. . Through the capacitor C1 as shown in FIG 16, the clock frequency of the current pulses is determined; they can in a selected embodiment, which does not, of course, limit the invention, be 22 kHz.

p0066The pulse width is controlled by the potentiometer P1, the height of the resistance and thus the PWM voltage applied to the input as a threshold for the input SAW (sawtooth) is occurring voltage.

p0067The structure which grouped around the control module IC remaining circuit elements is completed by a freewheeling diode D1, which serves to protect the electronics in the battery switched off by the input switch S1; the capacitor C3 smooths by possible high current pulses to the line inductances resulting voltage pulses and protects the IC against over-voltage, while the LED 1 responds when the supply voltage of the battery falls below a certain value, which is determined by the two resistors R3 and R4, and the LED2 overload of the electronic signals (too hot). The resistors R1 and R2 serve to limit the current flowing through the light emitting diodes LED1 and LED2 diode current.

p0068Earlier was already mentioned that the control circuit introduces a current regulation by temperature limit; reached the circuit module IC a certain temperature, which can for example be between 140 to 170 ° C, then LED1 lights on, and simultaneously controls a temperature control back the pulse width, and so much more, the higher the chip temperature. This temperature control protects all the electronics against overheating; due to the very effective cooling these talks but, as shown by experiments, practically in normal operation not to. You may already be switched arbitrarily through the transition to full-load operation, which the IC is the same opportunity to cool down accordingly.

p0069Finally, it is noted that the claims and in particular the main claim are attempts formulation of the invention without extensive knowledge of the prior art and therefore without restrictive precedent. Therefore, it is reserved, all lay down in the specification, both individually view the claims and the drawing illustrated per se or in any combination as essential to the invention and in the claims as well as to reduce the main claim in its feature content.