Protective respiratory mask.

The invention relates to a battery-powered ventilation unit for a respirator, in particular BC-protective mask, for injuries to a minimum the head enveloping hood, wherein the aeration device is worn separately, and a filter in the or on the ventilation unit.

Respirators are z. B. needed for fire fighting. In case of war respirators are required, above all, to protect against biological and chemical warfare agents.

Usually, the respirators have activated carbon filter with metal case. The mask itself is usually made of rubber or rubber-like material and encloses the face with eyes, nose and mouth. The mask is pressed behind the head to laying belts taut against the head. This is in injured, in particular head injuries, not possible. A respirator is advantageous that a load of the head at avoiding casualties.

This can be achieved in that the mask consists of a minimum head enveloping hood which is open while wearing down and is connected via a flexible air supply line with a separately carried ventilating apparatus. Advantageously, the head is not loaded by the weight of an attached to the hood filter, but the filter is integrated into the separately carried ventilating apparatus. Here breathing difficulties are avoided by the fact that the injured person no longer even sucks in the air and has to overcome the resistance of the filter, but the breathing air is supplied via a separately powered ventilation unit with overpressure. Advantageously, the excess pressure causes a flushing of the hood. This is of particular importance for the protection against biological or chemical warfare agents as well as any kind of breathing air pollution.

Another important advantage of the excess pressure in the hood is a removal of any sealing problems. While the head performance was mainly due to the need for a sufficient seal between the head and breathing mask when conventional respirators that leaks at overpressure in the hood are unproblematic. The leaking flow of the delivered from the aeration device breath, so far as it is not consumed by the injured party.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the power consumed by the injured person breathing air is rinsed with. This eliminates the use of mouthpieces and control devices for separate air guides inhalation and exhalation. For head injuries, especially facial injuries, which is a serious relief, sometimes even survival requirement.

Preferably, the hood is extended beyond the head, so that it at least partially the upper body covered. In extreme cases, the hood can be extended also to the injured quite enveloping suit. In the latter case the hood openings would preferably provided on the hands and feet. The potential of the invention further wrapping or full enclosure of the injured protects these especially against chemical and biological warfare agents and harmful influences breath.

According to the invention, the whole enclosure may be formed by a single or multi-part film, which is wrapped around the injured and z. B. is closed by adhesive tape or Velcro to the overlapping filters. Using the excess pressure from the ventilation device, the film will bulge to the injured. A suitable valve ensures a sufficient air outlet. The valve is arranged at the foot end, for. Example. However, it may also be provided a plurality of valves. In this case, the valves are selectively adjustable.

For air-conditioning and Air-supplied in the hood, the air control in the header area of ​​importance. According to the invention this is achieved in that the exhaust air opening of the cap the neck is adjustable. The setting is z. B. achieved by tying.

To ensure adequate ventilation of the hood, the supplied filtered air amount according to the invention 40-200 l / min.

Although respirators from DE-OS 34 12 409 are known and is known from DE-OS 34 10 408, a warning for falling gas pressure in a rescue device with high-pressure gas tank known. However, this has not led to a warning indication respirators according to DE-OS 34 12 409th

Ventilation devices require considerable battery power for the functions described above. Advantageously, rechargeable battery cells, particularly lithium cells. It is furthermore advantageous if the ventilation device is connected to the power supply of a motor vehicle. For this, the ventilation device is optionally provided with connection points for 12-volt and / or 24 volts. The external power supply by means of a motor vehicle opens access to a variety of existing and beyond mobile foreign electricity producers. While also be expected with the failure of public power nets in the event of a crisis, can be assumed that intact motor vehicles will always be available.

Using the external power supply can be extended arbitrarily in a crisis situation, the supply of breathing air and the batteries can be recharged.

Despite these advantageous options of battery operation is still very risky. The invention has for its object to reduce the risk. The invention is based on the idea that the decisive risk factor for battery operation, the battery drain. According to the invention, therefore, the battery condition is being monitored. The invention is thus a different path than that from DE-OS 34 10 408 known to gas pressure devices of another kind monitoring the gas pressure. In a battery-powered ventilation device known way would be very dangerous, since if is facing pressure fit the battery is discharged already so far that little time is given to change the battery.

According to the invention, the battery voltage has been selected as monitor size. This is a very unconventional way, because the discharge curves of batteries to run very smoothly. The invention is based on that prior to complete emptying of the batteries still shows a measurable voltage drop and at this time there is still opportunity for a battery change or other aid knowledge.

Therefore, the ventilation unit has an optical and / or acoustic display voltage. As optical voltage monitor to z. B. is a light emitting diode. The voltage warning at a battery voltage of less than 10 volts. Since a substantial battery charge becomes noticeable by a voltage drop, the need for battery charging, a battery replacement or a connection to an external power grid is displayed by means of the voltage drop. moreover can not simultaneously be provided with an audible and / or visual indication of the presence of biological and / or chemical agents and / or other breathing harmful components of air, the ventilation device. Similarly, optical and / or acoustic signals as evidence of a necessary filter change are provided optionally.

The ventilation device preferably has a multi-part housing. For the ventilation device housing includes a next to the cylindrical motor receiving at one end housing part or more intermediate parts. The intermediate parts are intended to accommodate the rear bearing of the motor and / or parts of the motor circuit and / or an on-board power supply and / or an inspection mark and / or a light emitting diode and / or a connection for an audible alarm and / or a switch. These various parts are advantageous when thinking of a repair of parts.

For the handling of the device in Krisenfälln it is to reduce the volume of construction and to reduce the weight of great advantage if the above-mentioned optical and acoustic displays, the connection to an external power supplier (vehicle power) as well as the switch are integrated into the housing part, which at one end the motor and at the other end of the impeller or the Lamellenrad receives. Then the other intermediate parts can be omitted. Optionally, the above-mentioned equipment parts are then included in the motor and the impeller or Lamellenrad receiving housing part and together with the latter a replacement part or these parts for repair or exchange accessible. The latter is beneficial if a releasable lid is provided between the parts of this housing receiving part and the battery pack. In the cover can also be integrated with most of the belonging to the ventilation device circuit. Here, a circuit board be applied. is low and a printed circuit board. The printed circuit is particularly sensitive to shocks. This wins the ventilation device reliability, ie reliability.

In the drawings, various embodiments of the invention are shown.

According to Fig. 1, a ventilation unit 27 has a blower 35, a valve housing 37, a battery case 38 with pressure spring 39 and batteries 40 and a seal 36 between the blower 35 and the fitting housing 37.

this is an adjustable or variable air volume supply of advantage. an optimal arrangement of the hood to the body of the victim by minimizing the amount of air supplied invoice can then be carried by setting or regulating the amount of air. If battery powered ventilation device which saves energy. In case of insufficient sealing (lacing) of the hood to the body of the victim, especially in the event of experiencing leaks in the area of ​​the hood is taken into account by increasing the amount of air supplied into account.

The ventilation equipment will be carried separately from the hood on the back or on the hip. The ventilation device is connected via a breathing hose to the hood. The respirator tube preferably opens to the nose or mouth of the injured person to the hood.

Fig. 2 shows the fan in cross section along the lines IX-IX in Fig. 3.

In detail, the fan housing 35 has a plug contact holder 41, an impeller 42, a blower housing 43, a fan cover 44, a shutter cover 45, a motor housing 46, a gasket 47, an O-ring 48, a motor 49 for driving the impeller 42. The cover 44 is secured by six countersunk screws 50, the motor 49 with three countersunk screws 51. For fastening of the cap 45 are three cylindrical screws 52. the cap screws 52 cooperate with slices 53rd

In the case of an actuation of the blower ambient air is sucked in through the filter through the inlet opening of the cover 44 and pressed from the impeller 42 into the discharge opening 54 in one or more breathing air hoses 29th

Fig. 4, 5 and 8 show details of the fittings portion 37. The fitting portion 37 has a battery holder 55, a segment 56, a knob plate 57, a selection switch 58, a knob 59, a connector 60, a flag indicator 61, a Lemo socket 62. Further, a light emitting diode 63 is provided and is by means of socket head screws and lock washers 64, 65 a plate 70 is mounted in the valve body. The plate 70 holds a connector 71 which cooperates with the plug contact 72 of the blower.

The tap changer 58 is held by a disc 66 and two half-round grooved pins 67 on the fitting housing.

The battery holder 55 is shown in FIG. 5 and 6 from a flashing stage 81, a bottom plate 82, depending on the battery type, eg., Four spring battery guides 83, a contact pushbutton ball 84, a Kontaktdruckknopföse 85 or a plug connection. The parts 84 and 85 are fixed by means of tubular rivets 86 and 87 and two discs 88th At the same time the tubular rivets hold two solder tails 89 for power lines 93 and 94. The Blink Level 81 is held by means of a screw and a washer 91, 92nd However, it may also, depending on the version, be integrated into the plate 70th

Of Fig. 9 can be attached as external alarm on the device housing of the ventilation device a hooter. The horn consists of a housing 101, a housing cover 102, a Dichtklemmverschraubung 104, a Lemo 105, a cable 106, a cable shoe 107, a cylindrical screw 108th

Mode of operation and function of the ventilation device 27 are as follows: The ventilation device 27 sucks fresh air through one or more active carbon filter 30 and blows it from dust, chemical and biological respiratory harmful agents released as purified breathing air through the respiratory air hoses 29 in the hood according to the invention. The supplied purified fresh air covers the oxygen requirements of an injured person, and is then discharged to the outside. The ventilation device 27 can - be provided one or more injuries with breathing air - as shown in Figure 3 and 4.. The attached accessory allows the connection of one or two filters 30 and / or one or two breathing air hoses with hoods invention. The built in the ventilation device 27 blower is powered by the built-in replaceable battery with a voltage of 12 volts. But it can also be fed through the from the accessories cable to the 24-volt power supply from the electrical system of a motor vehicle. The same applies to the supply of a 12-volt electrical system of a motor vehicle. In the case of Anschlussen to a 24-volt external power supply takes place to reduce the voltage to 12 volts in the connection cable.

The aeration device 27 promotes fresh batteries or when connected to a motor vehicle, a constant amount of air in the stage I of about 120 l / min. This amount is sufficient under normal circumstances, to supply two people lying with breathing air. With increasing operating time of the battery its voltage decreases. In the same ratio of the air flow decreases. In the switching stage II with two fresh filters an amount of air of about 60 l / min is achieved. When using a lithium battery, the voltage falls within three hours down to about half. The air flow rate decreases accordingly at the same time from 30 l / min.

The ventilation device is switched by means of the tap changer 58 at the rotary knob 59th The tap changer 58 has four operating positions. two operating positions can be achieved by turning to the left, two by turning to the right. Rotation to the left is the power supply from the battery, the switch position 1 of the above-mentioned switching stage I and the switching stage 2 of the above-mentioned switching stage II corresponds. With the turn to the right, the ventilation device is set to an external power supply (as opposed to self-powered by battery). When external power supply the electrical system of a motor vehicle can be used. Here above step I and the switching stage 2 switch step 1 corresponds to turn again as described in step II.

The Indicator 61 shows the battery voltage. The pointer of the flag indicator 61 must when the power is in the color-coded, z. B. are white or green field. If this is not the case, the battery must be changed if necessary. The Indicator limit or audible warning point is set at 10 or 10.5 volts.

To replace the battery, the device is switched off and then unscrew the battery housing of the ventilation device.