Material for contact lenses and contact lenses prepared therefrom.

0001The present invention relates to a material for contact lenses contact lenses prepared from the material. More particularly, this invention relates to a material for contact lenses obtained by visible ray polymerization and contact lenses prepared from this material.

0002In general, a material for contact lenses consists of a polymer obtained by polymerization of one or more monomer(s). A contact lens is prepared by molding and processing this material. Thus, the properties of the polymer, i.e. the material of the contact lens, strongly influence the quality of the contact lens.

0003Various kinds of materials for contact lenses are known. For example, JB-B-59-33887 discloses a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing acrylic acid in the presence of a photopolymerization initiator such as benzoin by wide-range ultraviolet ray irradiation. A non-water-containing soft contact lens is obtained by shaping the resulting polymer into the form of a contact lens and polishing and softening the polished lens by esterification and/or transesterification with an alcohol. JP-A-62-229113 discloses a polymer applicable to a material for contact lenses. This polymer is obtained by thermal polymerization of a monomer mixture substantially containing fluorinated (meth)acrylate and acrylic acid or alkyl acrylate in the presence of a peroxide or an azo compound, or by ultraviolet ray polymerization of the above monomer mixture in the presence of photopolymerization initiator such as benzoin methyl ether. A contact lens is also obtainable from this polymer by shaping the polymer into the form of a contact lens and polishing and softening the polished lens by esterification and/or transesterification with an alcohol.

0004In this specification hereafter, (meth)acrylate means both of acrylate and methacrylate.

0005Since a contact lens is required to be transparent, and to be satisfied with certain properties such as optical properties and form stability, acrylate homopolymers and copolymers such as polymethyl methacrylate are typically used for a contact lens. However, it is hard to obtain acrylate (co)polymers by the heat polymerization method mentioned above. This is because acrylic acid is active to the polymerization reaction and the heat of polymerization is large. In fact, the polymerization rate of acrylic acid is fast and the polymerization reaction is exotherm, liberating a large amount of heat. As a result, the control of the polymerization is difficult and the resulting (co)polymer often foams. The foamed (co) polymer is not transparent and is unsuitable as a material for contact lenses. Further, in the case where a thus obtained (co)polymer is shaped into the form of a contact lens and subjected to an esterification treatment with an alcohol to soften the lens, this (co)polymer swells with the alcohol. The strength of the contact lens prepared from the (co) polymer obtained by the thermal polymerization is insufficient and the contact lens is easily destroyed by the swelling.

0006Polymers obtained by ultraviolet ray polymerization do not have the above mentioned problems but have other problems. That is, some of monomers used for polymerization or (co)polymers have a group absorbing ultraviolet ray such as an ester group and as a result, it is difficult to obtain a relatively thick (5 to 10 mm) material for contact lenses. Additionally, a difference in polymerization state between the surface and the central part of a contact lens material, so-called "polymerization strain" makes it impossible to obtain a material with uniform properties. Since ultraviolet rays are utilized for the polymerization, it is required to use an apparatus from which ultraviolet rays do not escape during polymerization.

0007An object of the present invention is to provide a material for contact lenses which is obtained by easily controllable polymerization and which has no polymerization strain.

0008Another object of the present invention is to provide a material for contact lenses which will not be destroyed by an esterification treatment with an alcohol.

0009A further object of the present invention is to provide a contact lens prepared from the above material for contact lenses.

0010Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-water-containing soft contact lens prepared from the above material for contact lenses.

0011The present invention relates to a material for contact lenses obtainable by visible ray polymerization of a mixture comprising one or more of unsaturated carboxylic acid(s) and one or more of visible ray polymerization initiator(s), or a mixture comprising one or more of unsaturated carboxylic acid(s), one or more of unsaturated carboxylate(s) and one or more of visible ray polymerization initiator(s).

0012Other aspects of the present invention are a contact lens obtainable by processing the above material, and a non-water-containing soft contact lens obtainable by an alcohol treatment of the processed lens or the above material.

0013This invention will be set forth in detail below:

0014In the present invention, the unsaturated carboxylic acid is exemplified by a compound represented by the general formula (I) below: <chemistry id="chem0001" num="0001"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0001.tif" /></chemistry>

0015In the formula (I), R¹, R² and R³ are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a carboxyl group, a carboxylate group, or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group.

0016In the above formula (I), examples of the halogen atom include a fluoro atom, a chloro atom and a bromo atom. The alkyl group is preferably a lower alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and examples of the substituent include a carboxyl group and a carboxylate group. An alkyl moiety of the carboxylate is preferably a lower alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and the alkyl moiety may have a substituent such as a trifluoromethane group. A substituent of the silyl group is, for example, a lower alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms and the number of the substituents may be from 1 to 3.

0017Examples of the unsubstituted carboxylic acid represented by formula (I) are listed below: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li>(i) Monocarboxylic acid    acrylic acid    methacrylic acid    crotonic acid <chemistry id="chem0002" num="0002"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0002.tif" /></chemistry>    angelic acid <chemistry id="chem0003" num="0003"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0003.tif" /></chemistry>    α - acetoxyacrylic acid <chemistry id="chem0004" num="0004"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0004.tif" /></chemistry>    α - trimethylsilylacrylic acid <chemistry id="chem0005" num="0005"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0005.tif" /></chemistry>    α - fluoroacrylic acid <chemistry id="chem0006" num="0006"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0006.tif" /></chemistry></li><li>(ii) Dicarboxylic acid and monoester thereof    maleic acid <chemistry id="chem0007" num="0007"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0007.tif" /></chemistry>    monomethyl maleate <chemistry id="chem0008" num="0008"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0008.tif" /></chemistry>    monobutyl itaconate<img file="EP0448978B1_D0009.tif" />    cis-glutaconic acid <chemistry id="chem0009" num="0009"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0010.tif" /></chemistry>    monotrifluoroethyl fumarate <chemistry id="chem0010" num="0010"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0011.tif" /></chemistry></li></ul>

0018In this invention, a compound represented by general formula (II) is exemplified as the unsubstituted carboxylate: <chemistry id="chem0011" num="0011"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0012.tif" /></chemistry>

0019In the formulas, R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, preferably a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. More preferably, R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

0020R⁵ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group. The alkyl group is preferably a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. An example of the carboxylate wherein R⁵ is an unsubstituted alkyl group is a compound represented by formula (III). Examples of the carboxylate wherein R⁵ is a substituted alkyl group include an alkoxyl derivative represented by formula (IV), a fluorinated alkyl derivative represented by formula (V), a fluorinated alkoxyl derivative represented by formula (VI) and a silicone derivative represented by formula (VII). Examples of the heterocyclic group include an oxygen containing heterocyclic group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and a compound represented by formula (VIII) is exemplified as the heterocyclic compound. An alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms is exemplified as a substituent of the heterocylic group. <chemistry id="chem0012" num="0012"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0013.tif" /></chemistry> In the formula (III), s is O or an integer from 1 to 5. <chemistry id="chem0013" num="0013"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0014.tif" /></chemistry>

0021In the formula (IV), s is an integer from 1 to 5. <chemistry id="chem0014" num="0014"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0015.tif" /></chemistry><chemistry id="chem0015" num="0015"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0016.tif" /></chemistry>

0022In formulas (V) and (VI), s is an integer of 1 or 2, m is an integer from 4 to 10, n is an integer of 8 or more and p is an integer of 2m + 1 - n. In formula (VI), R⁶ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and k is an integer from 1 to 5. <chemistry id="chem0016" num="0016"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0017.tif" /></chemistry><chemistry id="chem0017" num="0017"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0018.tif" /></chemistry>

0023Examples of the compound represented by formula (III) include ethyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate and the like.

0024Examples of the compound represented by formula (IV) include butoxyethyl (meth)acrylate and the like.

0025Examples of the compound represented by formula (V) include the following compounds:    Perfluorooctylethyl methacrylate <chemistry id="chem0018" num="0018"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0019.tif" /></chemistry>    Perfluorooctylethyl acrylate <chemistry id="chem0019" num="0019"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0020.tif" /></chemistry> 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,1,4-trihydrobutyl methacrylate <chemistry id="chem0020" num="0020"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0021.tif" /></chemistry>

0026Examples of the compound represented by formula (VI) include the following compounds:    Perfluorooctylethyloxypropylene methacrylate <chemistry id="chem0021" num="0021"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0022.tif" /></chemistry>

0027Perfluorooctylethyloxypropylene acrylate <chemistry id="chem0022" num="0022"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0023.tif" /></chemistry>

0028Perfluorooctylethyloxyethylene methacrylate <chemistry id="chem0023" num="0023"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0024.tif" /></chemistry>    Perfluorooctylethyloxyethylene acrylate <chemistry id="chem0024" num="0024"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0025.tif" /></chemistry>

0029The above mentioned unsaturated carboxylates have the following advantages:

0030Among the compounds represented by formula (III), acrylates make a lens flexible and improve the compatibility of monomers. Methacrylates improve the strength of a lens and the compatibility of monomers.

0031Alkoxyethyl (meth)acrylates represented by formula (IV) and heterocyclic (meth)acrylates represented by formula (VIII) improve the compatibility of monomers and the flexibility of a lens. Fluorinated (meth)acrylates represented by formula (V) and formula (VI) and silicone-containing (meth) acrylates improve oxygen permeability of a lens.

0032The content of the unsaturated carboxylic acid and unsaturated carboxylate in a mixture can be chosen properly in view of the properties required for the copolymer such as flexibility and oxygen permeability, and for a composition of the copolymer, especially compatibility. The unsaturated carboxylate advantageously improves the oxygen permeability of a contact lens and controls the strength and flexibility of a contact lens.

0033In this invention, the content of the unsaturated carboxylic acid in the mixture ranges from 100 to 0.1 parts and that of the unsaturated carboxylate ranges from 0 to 99.9 parts. It is provided that in this text, "parts" means "parts by weight".

0034In the case of a non-water-containing soft contact lens, the content of an unsaturated carboxylic acid preferably ranges from 20 to 80 parts and that of the unsaturated carboxylate preferably ranges from 80 to 20 parts. If the content of the acid is less than 20 parts, the flexibility of a lens which has been subjected to transesterification or/and esterification tends to be poor. If the content of the acid is more than 80 parts, the above mentioned advantages resulting from the unsaturated carboxylate tend to be little.

0035In the case of a water-containing soft contact lens, the content of the unsaturated carboxylic acid preferably ranges from 20 to 80 parts and that of the unsaturated carboxylate preferably ranges from 80 to 20 parts. If the content of the acid is less than 20 parts, the flexibility of a lens tends to be poor. If the content of the acid is more than 80 parts, the above mentioned advantages resulting from the unsaturated carboxylate tends to be little.

0036In the case of a hard contact lens, the content of the unsaturated carboxylic acid preferably ranges from 1 to 20 parts and that of the unsaturated carboxylate preferably ranges from 99 to 80 parts. If the content of the acid is less than 1 part, the hydrophilic nature resulting from carboxyl groups tends to be poor. If the content of the acid is more than 20 parts, the resulting polymer tends to be opaque.

0037In this invention, a visible ray polymerization initiator(s) is used as a polymerization initiator. An α-diketon compound is effective as the visible ray polymerization initiator and examples of the α -diketon compound include d,1-camphorquinone, benzil, diacetyl, acenaphthenequinone, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and the like. Particularly, d,1-camphorquinone and benzil are preferred. The amount of the visible ray polymerization initiator used suitably ranges between 0.01 and 2 parts by weight, preferably between 0.05 and 0.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or the sum of the unsaturated carboxylic acid and the unsaturated carboxylate. It is provided that when a crosslinking monomer mentioned below is used, the amount of the visible ray polymerization initiator is chosen on the basis of 100 parts by weight of the sum of the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the unsaturated carboxylate and the crosslinking monomer. If the amount of the visible ray polymerization initiator is too small, polymerization hardly occurs. If the amount of the initiator is too much, the resulting polymer tends to be colored.

0038In this invention, in addition to the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the visible ray polymerization initiator and if neccesary the unsaturated carboxylate, a crosslinking monomer(s) can be used optionally.

0039The crosslinking monomer improves the retention of shape of a contact lens and prevents the excessive swelling in an alcohol during the esterification. Examples of the crosslinking monomer include ethyleneglycol di(meth) acrylate, diethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate, triethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate, allyl (meth)acrylate, glycerol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butandiol di(meth)acrylate, triallylisocyanate, divinylbenzene and the like.

0040These monomers can be used alone or as a mixture of 2 or more of the monomers. The amount of the crosslinking monomers used suitably ranges between 0.01 and 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of a monomer or a monomer mixture used for (co)polymerization.

0041In this invention, a mixture of the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the visible ray polymerization initiator and if neccesary the crosslinking monomer, or a mixture containing this mixture and the unsaturated carboxylate is polymerized by irradiation with visible light. These mixtures are mixed thoroughly before the polymerization.

0042The polymerization is conducted by filling a polymerization vessel or a vessel in the form of a lens which is made of a material, for instance polypropylene, from which the polymer can easily be taken out, with the above-mentioned mixture. Then the vessel is irradiated with visible light. It is suitable to use visible light having a wavelength between 350 and 700 nm, preferably between 380 and 600 nm. The amount of the light is suitably in the range of from 1 to 50 mJ/cm² per 1 minute, preferably from 2 to 20 mJ/cm² per 1 minute. This is because a proper polymerization rate is obtainable under these conditions. The measurement of the amount of light is carried out by an integrating actinometer UIT-102 producted by USHIO ELECTRONICS CORPORATION with a receptor calibrating the absolute value by a wavelength of 436 nm. Any light sources can be used. Examples of the sources include a halogen lamp, a xenon lamp, a white fluorescent light, tungsten lamp and light emitting diode.

0043The polymerization rate changes depending on the amount of the initiator and the amount of light. It is preferred to choose a polymerization period from about 5 hours or more from the viewpoint of prevention of inner strain of the polymer. There is no upper limit of the polymerization period but from the practical viewpoint, about 72 hours is the suitable upper limit.

0044The polymerization temperature is generally controlled at room temperature and if neccesary, the temperature may be raised to between 40 and 150°C step by step or continuously during the polymerization. In order to complete the polymerization, the reaction mixture may be heated at, for example from 70 to 150°C during the latter half of the polymerization.

0045The resulting (co)polymer, a material for contact lenses, is taken out from the polymerization vessel, shaped and polished by a conventional method to obtain a contact lens.

0046One example of the method will be set forth below. A surface of the resulting polymer piece is shaped to be concave by a spherical surface lathe and then the concave surface is polished. The concave surface is adhered to a treatment tool with a hot melt adhesive. At the adhesion, the center line of the polymer piece is fitted to the center line of the tool. After adhesion, the remaining surface of the polymer piece is shaped to be convex by a spherical surface lathe and then the convex surface is polished. The adhered tool and polymer piece are heated to remove the piece from the tool and the polymer piece is washed to obtain a product having the shape of a lens. A product having the shape of a contact lens is also obtainable by the method utilizing a mold. For example, such product is prepared by visible light polymerization in a set of a mold having a concave and a mold having a convex surface which have a transmittance of visible light of 50% or more. The curvatures of the concave and the convex surfaces are chosen on the basis of those of the desired contact lens.

0047Further, a product having the shape of a lens is prepared by pouring a monomer mixture in a mold with a convex or a concave surface, sealing a mouth of the mold with a transparent or semi-transparent film, irradiating visible light to the monomer mixture in the mold, shaping the non-curved surface of the molded polymer by a spherical surface lathe, and polishing the shaped surface.

0048A contact lens obtained by the above-mentioned method is transparent and hard, and classified into 3 groups. The first one is a hard contact lens which has 3 % or less of water absorption when contacted with water. The second one is a flexible water-containing soft contact lens which has 20 % or more of water content when contacted with water. The third one is a non-water-containing contact lens which is obtained by esterification with an alcohol.

0049In this invention, a non-water-containing soft contact lens is substantially equivalent to a non-hydrous soft contact lens, no water absorbable soft contact lens, an elastic soft contact lens or an elastomeric soft contact lens. A water-containing soft contact lens is substantially equivalent to a hydrous soft contact lens or hydrogel type polymer soft contact lens. A hard contact lens is substantially equivalent to a rigid contact lens.

0050A water-containing soft contact lens is obtainable by a conventional method and is obtained by hydrating and swelling the contact lens shape product. For example, the product is immersed in a physiological saline containing sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, and/or the like at room temperature or with heating, and then immersed in a physiological saline and allowed to stand at room temperature or heated while the physiological saline is renewed several times, to obtain a hydrated and swollen one.

0051A purpose of the esterification with an alcohol is to lower the glass transition temperature to make a polymer flexible. The alcohol may contain any of primary, secondary and tertiary hydroxyl groups. In particular, it is preferred to use a monohydric primary alcohol having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 7 carbon atoms.

0052A preferred alcohol is represented by the formula ZOH. In the formula, Z represents: <ul id="ul0002" list-style="none"><li>(1) a hydrocarbon having 1 to 11 carbon atoms; or</li><li>(2) one of the formulas - CH₂CH₂OY, - CH₂CH(OY)CH₃, - CH₂CH₂CH₂OY, - CH(CH₃)CH₂OY, - CH₂CH(OY)CH₂CH₃, - CH₂CH₂CH(OY)CH₃ and - CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OY (wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 7, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms). The above hydrocarbon group is a saturated hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group. Examples of the hydrocarbon group include alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkylcycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl groups, and an alkyl moiety is a straight chain or branched one. The hydrocarbon is preferably an alkyl group.</li></ul>

0053Examples of typical and useful alcohols are methanol, ethanol, s-propanol, 1-propanol, n-butanol, s-butanol, t-butanol, pentanol-2, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, heptanol-2, octanol, nonanol, decanol and alcohols equivalent to these alcohols, especially alcohols containing 8 or less carbon atoms; cyclohexanol, benzylalcohol, hexahydrobenzylalcohol, 1,4-cyclohexandiol, cyclopentanol, 2-methylcyclopentanol and cyclic alcohols equivalent to these alcohols; 2-methoxyethanol, 2-methoxypropanol, 1,2-ethoxyethanol, 2-(n-propoxy)-ethanol, 3-(n-propoxy)-n-propanol, 3-methoxy-n-butanol, 4-(n-propoxy)-n-butanol, 4-ethoxy-n-butanol and alkoxyalkanols equivalent to these alcohols; glycol, 1,4-butandiol, 1,3-propandiol, 1,2-dihydroxybutane, 1,3-dihydroxybutane and dihydroxyl alcohols equivalent to these alcohols. N-propanol and n-butanol are preferred alcohols.

0054The esterification with an alcohol is conducted in the presence of an acid catalyst. Examples of the acid catalyst include sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and methanesulfonic acid, acetic acids such as acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid, and solid acids such as zeolite, Ti-silicagel, acid clay and Nafion®.

0055The amount of the acid catalyst is preferably in the range of from 0.1 to 5 %. If the amount is less than 0.1 %, the reaction is hard to proceed. The reaction is not accelerated further even if it is more than 5 %.

0056The esterification with an alcohol is suitably conducted, for example at between room temperature and the boiling point of the alcohol for 16 to 72 hours.

0057After the esterification treatment, the resulting lens is immersed in a solvent at room temperature to substitute the solvent for the alcohol and then immersed in distilled water or an isotonic buffer solution at 60 to 100°C for 2 to 24 hours to attain to equilibrium. These conditions are preferred since equilibrium is easily established. The solvent is preferably an organic solvent having a boiling temperature of 85°C or less and may be a mixture of two or more solvents. It is provided that the solvent should be compatible with the used alcohol. Examples of the solvent include alkanes such as n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol; ethers such as diethylether, dipropylether, tetrahydrofuran; ketones such as acetone, methylethylketone; fluorocarbons; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, propyl bromide, 1, 1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane.

0058According to this invention, it is possible to provide a material for contact lenses which is obtained by easily controlled polymerization and which has no polymerization strain. It is possible to obtain a contact lens exhibiting excellent optical properties and transparency by the use of this material for the contact lens.

0059Further the material for contact lenses of the present invention will not be destroyed by swelling of the material during the esterification with an alcohol. Thus it is possible to provide a transparent and flexible non-water-containing soft contact lens by using the above material for the contact lens.

0060Since visible light is utilized for the polymerization, it is not required to use an apparatus from which ultraviolet rays do not escape during polymerization.

Example 1

006150 parts of acrylic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as AA), 25 parts of butyl methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as BuMA), 10 parts of methyl methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as MMA), 10 parts of butoxyethyl methacrylate (hereinafter BOM), 2 parts of tetrafluorofurfuryl acrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as THFA), 3 parts of triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as 3G) and 0.05 parts of camphorquinone (hereinafter abbreviated as CPQ) as a polymerization initiator were mixed and filled in a polymerization vessel made of polypropylene with 15 mm of diameter and 15 mm of height. Then a mouth of this vessel was sealed with a transparent film. Visible light was irradiated from above for 20 hours to polymerize the mixture. Then the resulting mixture was moved to a warm air drying machine previously set at 50 °C and heated at 50 °C for 10 hours, at 60°C for 2 hours, at 70 °C for 2 hours, at 80 °C for 2 hours, at 90 °C for 2 hours and at 110 °C for 4 hours to complete polymerization thoroughly. It is provided that the temperature was raised between each temperature within an hour. After heating, the product was allowed to stand to cool and taken out from the vessel.

0062The resultant copolymer was transparent and hard. The copolymer was shaped into a contact lens and polished to obtain a contact lens.

0063The lens was subjected to esterification by heating in n-butanol containing 1 % of sulfuric acid as a catalyst at the boiling point of n-butanol for 24 hours.

0064Then the lens was immersed in acetone at room temperautre for 2 hours to substitute acetone for n-butanol and then immersed in hot water at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain a stable lens. The resulting lens was a transparent and flexible non-water-containing soft contact lens.

0065It is provided that in this example and in the following examples, a lens was estimated to be transparent when it has 85 % or more of transmittance of 450 to 700 nm light in air.

Examples 2, 3 and 5 to 18

0066In accordance with the procedures of Example 1 except that various monomer compositions and mixing ratios listed in Table 1 were used, contact lenses of Examples 2, 3 and 5 to 18 were obtained.

Example 4

006750 parts of AA, 45 parts of perfluorooctylethyloxypropylene methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as RfPOMA), 2 parts of THFA, 3 parts of 3G and 0.05 parts of CPQ as a polymerization initiator were mixed and filled in a polymerization vessel made of polypropylene with 15 mm of diameter and 15 mm of height. Then a mouth of this vessel was sealed with a transparent film. Visible light was irradiated from above for 20 hours to polymerize the mixture. Then the resulting mixture was moved to a warm air drying machine previously set at 50°C and heated at 50 °C for 10 hours, at 60°C for 2 hours, at 70 °C for 2 hours, at 80 °C for 2 hours, at 90 °C for 2 hours and at 110 °C for 4 hours to complete polymerization thoroughly. It is provided that the temperature was raised between each temperature within an hour. After heating, the product was allowed to stand to cool and taken out from the vessel.

0068The resultant copolymer was transparent and hard. The copolymer was shaped into a contact lens and polished to obtain a contact lens.

0069The lens was subjected to esterification by heating in n-butanol containing 1 % of sulfuric acid as a catalyst at 100 °C for 24 hours.

0070Then the lens was immersed in acetone at room temperature for 2 hours to substitute n-butanol and then dipped in hot water at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain a stable lens. The resulting lens was a transparent and flexible non-water containing soft contact lens.

Example 19

007160 parts of AA, 15 parts of RfPOMA, 10 parts of MMA, 10 parts of BOM, 2 parts of THFA, 3 parts of 3G and 0.01 parts of CPQ as a polymerization initiator were mixed and filled in a polymerization vessel made of polypropylene with 15 mm of diameter and 15 mm of height. Then a mouth of this vessel was sealed with a transparent film. Visible light was irradiated from above for 20 hours to polymerize the mixture. Then the resulting mixture was moved to a warm air drying machine previously set at 50 °C and heated at 50 °C for 10 hours, at 60°C for 2 hours, at 70 °C for 2 hours, at 80 °C for 2 hours, at 90 °C for 2 hours and at 110 °C for 4 hours to complete polymerization thoroughly. It is provided that the temperature was raised between each temperature within an hour. After heating, the product was allowed to stand to cool and taken out from the vessel.

0072The resultant copolymer was transparent and hard. The copolymer was shaped into a contact lens and polished to obtain a contact lens.

0073The lens was immersed in a 0.9 % physiological saline at 80 °C for 6 hours (the saline was renewed every 2 hours) to obtain a hydrated and swollen lens. The resulting lens was a transparent and flexible water-containing soft contact lens and the water content of the lens was 30 %.

Comparative example 1

007450 parts of AA, 25 parts of BuMA, 10 parts of MMA, 10 parts of BOM, 2 parts of THFA, 3 parts of 3G and 0.05 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile (hereinafter abbreviated as AIBN) as a polymerization initiator were mixed and filled in a polymerization vessel. The mixture was heat polymerized by heating at 40 °C for 22 hours in a water bath, at 50°C for 10 hours, at 60°C for 2 hours, at 70 °C for 2 hours, at 80 °C for 2 hours, at 90 °C for 2 hours and at 110 °C for 4 hours in a warm air drying machine. After heating, esterification, substitution with n-butanol and dipping in warm water were conducted by the same conditions as those of Example 1 to obtain a flexible contact lens.

Comparative example 2

0075In accordance with the procedures of Comparative example 1 except that various monomer compositions and mixing ratios listed in Table 1 were used, a soft contact lens was obtained.

Comparative example 3

0076In accordance with the procedures of Example 1, except that 50 parts of AA, 45 parts of RfPOMA, 2 parts of THFA, 3 parts of 3G and 0.05 parts of benzoin as a polymerization initiator were mixed and polymerized by irradiation of ultraviolet light from a high pressure mercury vapor lamp, a contact lens was obtained.

0077Strain of copolymers obtained in the above examples and comparative examples was measured by a strain viewer (POLARIZING INSTRUMENT CO., INC. MODEL 207) by a method using a tint plate. Uniformity of color was measured by the naked eyes. Samples without strain or with uniform strain were estimated to be "good" and samples with ununiform strain were estimated to be "bad".

0078Abbreviations used in examples and comparative examples are as follows: <dl id="dl0001"><dt>AA:</dt><dd>acrylic acid</dd><dt>MeA:</dt><dd>methyl acrylate</dd><dt>IA:</dt><dd>itaconic acid</dd><dt>CA:</dt><dd>crotonic acid</dd><dt>MAA:</dt><dd>methacrylic acid</dd><dt>3FMA:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0025" num="0025"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0026.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>BuA:</dt><dd>n-butyl acrylate</dd><dt>BuMA:</dt><dd>n-butylmethacrylate</dd><dt>RfPOMA:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0026" num="0026"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0027.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>RAV:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0027" num="0027"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0028.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>RfMA:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0028" num="0028"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0029.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>MMA:</dt><dd>methyl methacrylate</dd><dt>BOM:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0029" num="0029"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0030.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>THFA:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0030" num="0030"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0031.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>3G:</dt><dd><chemistry id="chem0031" num="0031"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0032.tif" /></chemistry></dd><dt>1G:</dt><dd>ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate</dd><dt>CPQ:</dt><dd>d,1-camphorquinone</dd><dt>AIBN:</dt><dd>azobisisobutyronitrile</dd><dt>PX16:</dt><dd>bis(4-t-butylcyclohexyl)peroxycarbonate</dd></dl><tables id="tabl0001" num="0001"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0033.tif" /></tables><tables id="tabl0002" num="0002"><img file="EP0448978B1_D0034.tif" /></tables>