Primer composition.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

0001This invention relates to a primer composition. More particularly, it relates to a primer composition suited for the achievement of strong adhesion of silicone rubber on the surface of a metal, plastics or the like.

2. Description of Prior art

0002Silicone rubber is used in various purposes because of its excellent physical and chemical properties. It is also used as a material to form a composite with metals or plastics. In the manufacture of such a composite, for example, a method is employed in which a primer composition comprising i) an alkoxysilane having an unsaturated bond, such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltri(2-methoxyethoxy)silane or 3-­methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or a hydrolysis condensate thereof or a co-hydrolysis siloxane, ii) a titanate and iii) a metal salt of an organic fatty acid is previously coated on the surface of a metal or plastics, and thereafter a silicone rubber is applied to the resulting coating, and cured, whereupon the silicon rubber is adhered. The adhesion surface thus formed has the disadvantage that it can not maintain the adhesion for a long period time at temperatures higher than 200^oC, for instance, and may cause peeling in high-temperature oils.

0003In those circumstances, a rubbery composition comprising a vinyl group-containing organopolysioxane, a polysiloxane resin, an alkoxysilane, an organic peroxide and a catalyst has been proposed as a composition improved in high-temperature resistance and high-temperature oil resistance (see Japanese Patent Publication (KOKOKU) No. 39817/1981). This composition can improve the adhesion under conditions of high temperatures and in high-­temperature oils, but has the disadvantages not only that it is compositionally so complicated that its manufacture is laborious and time-consuming, but also that part or the whole of a primer layer is peeled because of the flow of the rubber compound injected at the time of injection molding. From the viewpoint of working or processing, the composition also has the disadvantage that it has so poor air-drying properties that constant heating is required to prevent the primer layer from flowing.

0004Japanese Patent Publication No. 163968/1985 also proposes a primer composition comprising as a main component a silazane bond-containing organosilicone, which has good air-drying properties and high coating strength. This can attain good adhesion, but, from the viewpoint of processing, has the disadvantage that it has a short pot life.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

0005Accordingly, an object of this invention is to provide a primer composition that can maintain strong adhesion even under conditions of high temperatures, in particular, in high-temperature oils, and yet has good air-­drying properties, processability, and workability.

0006As a means for solving the above problems, this invention provides a primer composition comprising: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li>(A) an organosilicon compound formed by binding an organosilicon compound represented by the general formula (I): <chemistry id="chem0001" num="0001"><img file="EP0381384A2_D0001.tif" /></chemistry> wherein R¹ represents a substituted or unsubstituted C₁ to C₈ monovalent hydrocarbon group; X represents a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a C₁ to C₅ alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, and a C₂ to C₅ alkoxyalkyl group; and a, b and c are a numeral within the range of 0 ≦ a &lt; 0.2, 0 ≦ b &lt; 0.2 and 1 &lt; c &lt; 4, respectively, with an organopolysiloxane represented by the general formula (II): <chemistry id="chem0002" num="0002"><img file="EP0381384A2_D0002.tif" /></chemistry> wherein R² represents a substituted or unsubstituted C₁ to C₈ monovalent hydrocarbon group containing no aliphatic unsaturated group; R³ represents a C₂ to C₅ alkenyl group, gamma-acryloxypropyl group or gamma-methacryloxypropyl group; Y represents a member selected from the group consistnig of a hydrogen atom, a C₁ to C₅ alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, and a C₂ to C₅ alkoxyalkyl group; and d, e and f are a numeral within the range of 1.8 &lt; d &lt; 2.2, 0.004 &lt; e &lt; 0.2 and 0 ≦ f &lt; 0.2, respectively, and having a polymerization degree of from 10 to 500, by addition or condensation reaction in a proportion of from 0.05 to 0.5 in weight ratio of the compound of the general formula (I)/the organopolysioxane of the general formula (II);</li><li>(B) an organic titanate; and</li><li>(C) an organic solvent.</li></ul>

0007The primer composition of this invention, when coated on the surface of a material such as a metal or plastics which is stable under normal conditions for vulcanization of silicone rubber, forms on its surface a coating that can be strongly adhered to silicone. This composition can be prepared with ease, and also stable from the viewpoint of quality control. The adhesion surface thus formed is stable even in high-temperature oils of 200^oC or more. Moreover, this composition has good air-drying properties, can be well cured prior to the step of adhesion, and can form a coating showing a satisfactory strength. Hence, it does owing to the flow of an adherend rubber compound. It therefore can be used also in injection molding or transfer molding in which a great pressure is applied.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING

0008<ul id="ul0002" list-style="none"><li>Fig. 1 illustrates a test specimen used in the measurement of adhesive force, carried out in Examples.</li></ul>

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

0009The organosilicon compound as the component (A) serves as the main component of the composition, and is an important component for achieving adhesion to the silicone rubber side.

0010The component (A) organosilicon compound is formed of the compound of the general formula (I) and the compound of the general formula (II).

0011In the general formula (I), the substituted or unsubstituted C₁ to C₈ monovalent hydrocarbon represented by R¹ includes, for example, an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, an aryl group such as a phenyl group or a tolyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group, an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group or an allyl group, and substituted hydrocarbon groups wherein part or the whole of the hydrogen atoms possessed by the above hydrocarbon groups have been substituted with a halogen atom(s) such as fluorine or chlorine, or a cyano group, as exemplified by a cyanomethyl group, a chloromethyl group, and a gamma-­ trifluoropropyl group. R¹ is preferably the methyl and ethyl groups. In the general formula (I), X is preferably the methyl, ethyl or 2-methoxyethyl groups. And a is preferably a numeral of 0 &lt; a ≦ 0.15, and b is preferably a numeral of 0 ≦ b ≦ 0.15 and c is a numeral of 2 ≦ c &lt; 4.

0012The compound represented by the general formula (I) includes, for example, methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, propyl orthosilicate, or condensates of these, and silicic compounds having a hydroxyl group, such as silica sol and silica gel. Preferred are, for example, (C₂H₅)₁₂ Si₅O₄ and H(CH₃)(C₂H₅O)₁₂Si₆O₅.

0013In the general formula (II), the substituted or unsubstituted C₁ to C₈ monovalent hydrocarbon group containing no aliphatic unsaturated group, represented by R², includes, for example, an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group, an aryl group such as a phenyl group or a tolyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group, and groups wherein part or the whole of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms of the above hydrocarbon groups have been substituted with a halogen atom(s) such as fluorine or chlorine, or a cyano group, as exemplified by a chloromethyl group, a gamma-trifluoropropyl group and a cyanoethyl group. Preferably, R₂ is the methyl, ethyl, phenyl or gamma-trifluoropropyl group. The C₂ to C₅ alkenyl group represented by R³ includes, for example, a vinyl group, and an allyl group. The vinyl group is preferred. The total of the alkenyl, gamma-­acryloyloxypropyl and gamma-methacryloyloxypropyl groups in the whole organic groups may be perent in such an amount that the e in the general formula (II) ranges from 0.004 to 0.2, and preferably from 0.008 to 0.15. If these groups are present in too small an amount, good adhesion can not be obtained. If these are present in too large an amount, the thermal resistance of the resulting primer composition may be lowered. The Y in the general formula (II) preferably represents the methyl, ethyl or 2-methoxy group.

0014The compound of the general formula (II) may substantially contain a diorganosiloxane unit, a monoorganosiloxane unit or an SiO₂ unit. It may also be linear or branched.

0015On account of good adhesion to be obtained, the organopolysiloxane of the general formula (II) preferably has a polymerization degree, of from 10 to 500, and particularly from 50 to 200.

0016A preferred typical example of the compound of the general formula (II) includes a compound represented by the general formula (III): <chemistry id="chem0003" num="0003"><img file="EP0381384A2_D0003.tif" /></chemistry> wherein R² is as defined above, and h is a numeral of 1.95 to 2.05, and terminated at at least one of the ends of the molecule with a group represented by-(CH₂=CH)_gR²_3-g SiO_0.5′ where R² is as defined above and g is an integer of 0 to 3. In particular, the compound wherein the methyl group comprises not less than 50 mol % of R² is preferred.

0017The component (A) organosilicon compound of this invention must be formed by the combination of the compound of the general formula (I) and the organopolysiloxane of the general formula (II). Use of both the compound of the general formula (I) and the compound of the general formula (II) which are not combined can not give the effect of this invention. The proportion of the compound of the general formula (I)/the compound of the general formula (II) may range from 0.05 to 0.5, and preferably from 0.06 to 0.5, in weight ratio. A proportion outside the above range may result in a lowering of adhesion.

0018The compound of the general formula (I) and the compound of the general formula (II) may be combined by either of addition reaction and condensation reaction. Preferably, one end of the compound of the general formula (II) is bonded to the compound of the general formula (I); the resulting organosilicon compound preferably has in one side a hydroxyl group originating from the compound of the general formula (I) and has in the other side an alkenyl group. For example, in the instance where the the compound of the general formula (I) has a hydrosilyl group, this group can be made to undergo addition reaction with the alkenyl group of the organosilicon compound of the general formula (II) in the presence of a platinum catalyst. Alternatively, in instances the organosilicon compound of the general formula (I) has a hydroxyl group or alkoxyl group and the organopolysiloxane of the general formula (II) has an alkoxyl group or hydroxyl group at its terminal, these two compounds can be combined by dehydration or dealcoholation condensation between an alkoxyl group or hydroxyl group and an hydroxyl group.

0019The organic titanate used as the component (B) in this invention has the effect of imparting air-drying properties to the composition of this invention, conjointly with other components, and also remarkably improving the adhesion to metals or plastics. When, however, this component is used alone, it has no action of improving the adhesion to the surface of silicone rubber, and hence is unfit for practical use when used alone.

0020This organic titanate includes, for example, tetranormalpropyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, tetranormalbutyl titanate, butyl titanate dimer, tetra(2-­ethylhexyl)titanate, and polymers of these. It is also possible to use titanium chelate compounds such as titanium acetylacetonate, poly(titanium acetylacetonate), titanium octyl glycote, titanium lactate, titanium lactate ethyl ester, and titanium triethanol aminate. Preferred are tetranormalpropyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, tetranormalbutyl titanate, butyl titanate dimer, and tetra (2-ethylhexyl) titanate.

0021The organic solvent as the component (C) suitably used includes solvents capable of dissolving other components in the composition of this invention and achieving appropriate coating operation. It may preferably be selected on account of the solubility of the components, and the evaporation properties questioned when the composition is coated as the primer. It includes, for example, ligroin, toluene, xylene, hexane, ethyl acetate, benzene, heptane, isopropyl alcohol, methylene chloride, and trichloroethylene. These may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more.

0022In the composition of the invention, the component (B) is preferably present in an amount of from 50 to 200 parts by weight, more preferably from 70 to 120 parts by weight, and the component (C) is preferably present in an amount of from 2,000 to 20,000 parts by weight, more preferably from 5,000 to 10,000 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the component (A).

0023For the purpose of improving the air-drying properties of the composition of this invention or improving the coating strengthan, it is optional to further add at least one compound selected from an alkoxysilane represented by the general formula: Si_nO_n-1(OR⁴)_2n+2 wherein R⁴ is a C₁ to C₅ alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group and a butyl group, a C₂ to C₅ alkoxyalkyl group such as a 2-methoxyethyl group, and 2-ethoxyethyl group, and n is an integer of from 1 to 20, a partial hydrolysis condensate thereof, and a polymer represented by the general formula: Si_nO_n-1(OR⁴)_2n+2R⁵_n wherein R⁴ is as defined above; R⁵ represents an an substituted or unsubstituted C₁ to C₈ monovalent hydrocarbon group, for example, monovalent hydrocabon groups exemplified by an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group, an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group, and an allyl group, a gamma-acryloyloxypropyl group, a gamma-methacryloyloxypropyl group, an aryl group such as a phenyl group or a tolyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group; and corresponding substituted hydrocarbon groups wherein part or the whole of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms of the above hydrocarbon groups have been substituted with a halogen atom(s) such as fluorine or chlorine, or a cyano group, as exemplified by a chloromethyl group, a gamma-­trifluoropropyl group and a cyanoethyl group; and n is an integer of from 1 to 20. These compounds may be added preferably in an amount of from 5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weights of the component (A).

0024Various inorganic fillers as exemplified by powdered silica may also be added and mixed for the purpose of further improving the strength of primer coatings after curing. Conventionally known heat-resistant agents, colorants and other additives such as red iron oxide, cerium oxide, cerium hydroxide, cerium fatty acid salts, iron fatty acid salts, titanium oxide, and carbon black may also be optionally further added so long as what is aimed in the present invention is not missed.

0025To prepare the composition of this invention, the above components (A) to (C) and other optional components may be merely mixed. It, however, is also effective to mix them with heating at 50 to 100^oC so that the compatibility can be further increased.

0026In some modes of use, the composition of this invention may preferably be coated on an substrate and thereafter air-dried for about 5 minutes or more before the primer coating is brought into adhesion to silicone rubber. In some instances, it is also effective to bake, after air-drying, the coating at a temperature within the range of from 100 to 200^oC in order to surely evaporate the solvent and accelerate the curing before the coating is adhered to silicone rubber.

0027The use of the composition of this invention as the primer brings about strong adhesion of silicone rubber to substrates made of, for example, various metals such as aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, chromium, zinc, tin, and copper, and alloys thereof, or synthetic resin materials such as acrylic resins, phenol resins, epoxy resins, Teflon, and PFA resins. Moreover, there can be exhibited the performance that the resulting adhesion is not lowered even when the products are exposed to high-­temperature oils or water vapor.

0028Making the most of such characteristic features, the present composition is effectively used as a primer when, for example, silicone rubber is adhered to a housing of an oil seal, silicone rubber is adhered to a mandrel of a roll of a copying machine, a PFA tube is adhered to silicone rubber of the roll of a copying machine, silicone rubber is adhered to a mandrel of an engine mount, silicone rubber is adhered to iron of a mouth pad used for office automation, and silicone rubber is adhered to other metals or synthetic resins

0029Synthesis examples and working examples of the primer composition will be described below. In the following, "part(s)" refers to part(s) by weight.

Comparative Example 1

0030With 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), which is a mixture of lower condensates of ethyl orthosilicate, 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen.

0031The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 6.3 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 8) composed of 75.00 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 25.00 mol % of both-­end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer.

Example 1

0032With 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), which is a mixture of a lower condensate of ethyl orthosilicate, 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen.

0033The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 50 parts of an organopolysiloxane (polymerization degree: 65) composed of 96.92 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 3.08 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Example 2

0034With 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 1.43 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Example 3

0035With 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 340 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 450) composed of 99.56 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 0.44 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Comparative Example 2

0036With 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 450 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 600) composed of 99.67 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 0.33 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Comparative Example 3

0037With 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units, 0.71 mol % of one-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units, and 0.71 mol % of the other-end terminating (CH₃)₃ SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Comparative Example 4

0038Five(5) parts of a mixture obtained by mixing 10 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.) with 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units, 1.43 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units; 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide; 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.); and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Comparative Example 5

0039With 80 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 1.43 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Example 4

0040With 40 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 1.43 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO₁/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Example 5

0041With 20 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen.

0042The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 1.43 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Comparative Example 6

0043With 4 parts of ethyl silicate 40 (a product of Colcoat Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of 1,3,5,7-­tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was mixed, and 1,000 ppm of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours in a stream of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was thereafter neutralized with sodium hydrogencarbonate, dewatered and filtered using magnesium sulfate, and then diluted with toluene. The resulting solution was dropwise added in a mixed solution heated to 100^oC, containing i) 105 parts of an organopolysiloxane oil (polymerization degree: 140) composed of 98.57 mol % of (CH₃)₂SiO units and 1.43 mol % of both-end terminating (CH₃)₂(CH₂=CH)SiO_1/2 units and ii) a chloroplatinic acid solution in octyl alcohol in an amount of 100 ppm in terms of platinum content. Then, the toluene was removed at 100^oC under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr to give a product. Five(5) parts of the product thus obtained, 3 parts of titanium tetrabutoxide, 5 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE560NU (a product of Shin-­Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 100 parts of ligroin were thoroughly mixed to give a primer composition.

Evaluation

0044In the following, 0.5 part of 2.5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-­butylperoxyhexane was incorporated into and well dispersed in 100 parts of a silicone rubber compound KE555U (a product of Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), using a two roll mill to give an unvulcanized rubber.

0045A primer was coated on two test pieces (1, 2) 1 inch wide, made of iron, whose surfaces had been cleaned by thorough washing with gasoline or the like. The test pieces 1 and 2 were each air-dried at room temperature for minutes, and then baked at 150^oC for 10 minutes. Thereafter, as Fig. 1 shows, the primer-coated surfaces of the two test pieces 1 and 2 were put, overlapping each other by 1 square inches, between which the unvulcanized rubber 3 was inserted, and these were contact-bonded at 50 kg/cm², followed by press curing at 165^oC for 10 minutes. A test specimen 4 as shown in the drawing was thus obtained. The gripping ends 5 and 6 of the test specimen was clamped in the jaws of a tensile testing machine. A tensile load was applied thereto by pulling the test specimen at a rate of 1 mm per minute until the test specimen broke. The maximum load applied was measured, which was regarded as the adhesive force.

Evaluation Example 1

0046Table 1 shows the results of evaluation carried out using the primer compositions according to Examples 1, 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The primer compositions containing the reaction product of the organopolysiloxane having a polymerization degree of 65, 140 or 450, as the compound of the general formula (II), showed strong adhesion. In particular, the primer composition of Example 3, containing the reaction product of the organopolysiloxane having the polymerization degree of 140, showed a greatest value. Peeled test pieces of each test specimen were also observed to reveal that the test pieces were peeled at the boundary surfaces between primer and rubber in the case of Comparative Example 1, the cohesive failure occurred in the primer layer in the cases of Examples 1 to 3, and the test pieces were peeled at the boundary surfaces between primer and iron in the case of Comparative Example 2. <tables id="tabl0001" num="0001"><table frame="all"><title>Table 1</title><tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="26.25mm" /><thead valign="top"><row rowsep="0"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" /><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center">Comparative Example 1</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col5" align="center"><u style="single">Example</u></entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" align="center">Comparative Example 2</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" /><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" /><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center">1</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center">2</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center">3</entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" /></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row rowsep="0"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Degree of polymerization of organopolysiloxane of general formula (II):</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">8</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="right">65</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="right">140</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="right">450</entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" align="right">600</entry></row><row rowsep="1"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Adhesive force (kgf/cm²):</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">14</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="right">21</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="right">24</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="right">16</entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" align="right">8</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

Evaluation Example 2

0047Table 2 shows the results of evaluation on the primer compositions according to Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4. The primer composition of Example 2, which contains the reaction product between the ethyl silicate 40 and organopolysiloxane, terminated with unsaturated groups, shows a large adhesive force as compared with the primer composition of Comparative Example 3, which contains the reaction product between the ethyl silicate 40 and organopolysiloxane, having no unsaturated group. Thus, the presence of the unsaturated groups at the organopolysiloxane moiety is effective for adhesion. The primer composition of Example 4, which contains the mixture of the ethyl silicate 40 and organopolysiloxane, shows a poor adhesive force. Thus, the primer proves to be effective when it contains as an adhesion component the reaction product between the ethyl silicate 40 and the organopolysiloxane. <tables id="tabl0002" num="0002"><table frame="all"><title>Table 2</title><tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="39.37mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="39.37mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="39.37mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="39.37mm" /><thead valign="top"><row rowsep="0"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" /><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center"><u style="single">Comparative Example 3</u></entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center"><u style="single">Example 2</u></entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center"><u style="single">Comparative Example 4</u></entry></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row rowsep="1"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left">Adhesive force (kgf/cm²):</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="right">6</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="right">24</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="right">12</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

Evaluation Example 3

0048Table 3 shows the results of evaluation on the primer compositions according to Examples 2, 4 and 5 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6. The primer compositions of the Examples, which have a weight ratio within the range of from 0.05 to 0.5 for the reaction between the ethyl polysilicate 40 (a compound of the general formula (II))/the organopolysiloxane oil (a compound of the general formula (I)) are seen to show a strong adhesive force. <tables id="tabl0003" num="0003"><table frame="all"><title>Table 3</title><tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="26.25mm" /><thead valign="top"><row rowsep="0"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" /><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="center">Comparative Example 5</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col5" align="center"><u style="single">Example</u></entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" align="center">Comparative Example 6</entry></row><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" /><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" /><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="center">4</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="center">5</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="center">2</entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" /></row></thead><tbody valign="top"><row rowsep="0"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left"><u style="single">(I)/(II)*:</u></entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=".">0.76</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="char" char=".">0.38</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="char" char=".">0.19</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="char" char=".">0.096</entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" align="char" char=".">0.004</entry></row><row rowsep="0"><entry namest="col1" nameend="col1" align="left"><u style="single">Adhesive force (kgf/cm²):</u></entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col2" align="char" char=".">10</entry><entry namest="col3" nameend="col3" align="char" char=".">26</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col4" align="char" char=".">27</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col5" align="char" char=".">24</entry><entry namest="col6" nameend="col6" align="char" char=".">14</entry></row></tbody></tgroup><tgroup cols="6" colsep="0" rowsep="0"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="26.25mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="26.25mm" /><tbody valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col6" align="justify">* Weight ratio of the compound of the general formula (I).the organopolysiloxane of the general formula (II)</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

Evaluation Example 4

0049The primer composition of Example 1 was coated on a surface to be treated of an ethylene tetrafluoride/­perfluorovinyl ether copolymer (PFA) sheet (a product of Gunze Sangyo, Inc.; FST non-shrink type), and the coating was air-dried. Thereafter, a high-temperature addition curing silicone of a liquid type was brought into close contact with the coating, followed by heating at 150^oC for minutes to cause the silicone rubber to cure and adhere to another PFA sheet of the same type as above. The silicone rubber thus adhered was chopped perpendicularly to the PFA surface at intervals of 1 mm, and a tensile test was carried out by pulling the test specimen until it is broken. The silicone rubber was broken as a result of the pulling of the test specimen, but there occurred no peeling of silicone rubber from the PFA sheet.