Liquid-crystal display apparatus

A liquid-crystal display apparatus comprising two substrates (1, 2) opposing each other and having elec­trodes (3, 4) formed on the opposing surfaces (1a, 2a), at least one of the electrodes (3, 4) being transparent, a nematic liquid crystal layer (8) interposed between the substrates (1, 2) and having pre-tilt angle ϑ of greater than 1° with respect to the surfaces (1a, 2a) of the substrates (1, 2), and having a twisting angle of 180 to 360° from the first substrate (1) to the second substrate (2), a first polarizer (9) arranged on that side of the first substrate (1) which faces away from the electrode (3) formed thereon, a second polarizer (11) arranged on that side of the second substrate (2) which faces away from the electrode (4) formed thereon, and an optical retardation member (10) or a combination of an optical retardation member (10a) and a quarter-­wave plate (10b), each located between the polarizers (9, 11). The value of R = Δn·d·cos⁺ϑ ranges from 0.4 to 0.8, where Δn is the optical anisotropy of the nematic liquid crystal material (8), d (µm) is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (8), and ϑ is the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal material (8). The value of R′ = Δn′·d′ ranges from 0.22+0.55m to 0.42+0.65m, or from 0.47+0.55m to 0.67+0.65m (m = 0, 1, or 2), where Δn′ is the optical anisotropy of the optical retardation member (10) and d′ (µm) is the thickness of the optical retardation member (10). Owing to the optical retar­dation member (10) located between the polarizers (9, 11), and also to the specific values of R and R′, the apparatus can perform high-quality monochrome display with great background whiteness and high image contrast.