Panels to cover the exterior walls of buildings.

p0001The invention relates to panels according to the preamble of claim 1. From DE-GM 7,008,162 are metal plates (no panels) known which are inserted from polystyrene between the metal plates and the brickwork insulation, for example. This is the serious disadvantage that forms between the metal plates and the adjacent insulating condensate water in particular the metal sheets but also damage the insulation and should be avoided in such panels as hazardous moisture beyond. To that end, prior art also in fixing parts openings for discharging the condensate. Such openings can but clogged with dirt. Thus, the condensed water can not run off. Distance provides for the prior publication fastening or retaining means extending from the visible side of the metal plate to the face being covered masonry or the like. Out. So cold bridges are formed there disadvantageous.

p0002From DE-DS 32 18 695 a building board (no panel also) is known, consisting of a sheet metal shell, in which an insulating layer of mineral wool is inserted. Again, there is a risk of condensation between metal shell and insulation. In addition to the shell, a separate insulating material strip is provided, which abuts against the insulation layer and made of a different material than this. Hereby the risk of Kondenswasserbidlung is given between the insulation strip on the one hand and the metal plate and the insulation layer on the other hand also. Moreover, this arrangement is in the manufacturing relatively expensive and, in practice, not stable enough. The latter disadvantage is particularly true when such panels are placed on uneven ground.

p0003There are other known so-called sheet metal panels, which are elongated and formed in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

p0004The object of the invention in contrast, is starting to avoid the preamble of claim 1 with a simple configuration, the condensation and the formation of cold bridges.

p0005This object is first, starting from the preamble of claim 1, in the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. It is with the "outside" always the visible surface of the carrier and with the "inside" the opposite face of the support or the surface of the insulating layer meant that comes on the facade, masonry or the like to the support. The fixed plant, preferably supply^* bonding the insulating layer to the metallic support has a Kondenswasserbidlung is no longer possible. Furthermore, prevent the overlapping strips that a so-called cold bridge is formed at the abutting edges of two adjacent panels, can pass through the heat and that in the region of the abutting edges, condensation may form. The features of claim 1 therefore also cooperate in the sense of a combination that avoids that condensation occurs and freeze at Frost and that this ice extend in the simultaneous presence of a thermal bridge and can lead to damage or deformation of the cladding. In addition, any condensation preventing thermal insulation and therefore a much stronger than insulating layer due to the invention necessary. The insulating layer can be integral in itself, for example a polyurethane foam or a polystyrene, or polystyrene foam. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, but the insulating layer is formed according to claim 14, which includes the combination of a sound insulation with a thermal insulation. A further preferred embodiment is subject of claim 15 which further contributes to the prevention of condensation. With the features of claim 1, the drawbacks are avoided that are available through the separate bar insulation in DE-DS 32 18 695th The production costs of the panels according to the invention in contrast, are low. Their stability is very large, since the piece in itself insulating with the carrier forms a closed and fixed-contained unit. They can also be placed on an uneven Nauer work without danger of bending or breaking off.

p0006With the invention, an embodiment of such elongate panels according to claim 3 is possible. This such panels can be easily by nesting miteinz other connect without any adverse thermal bridge is created.

p0007A preferred embodiment of the invention is subject matter of claim 6. Hereby, the panel is used according to the invention with the overlapping strips to create a locking of adjacent panels, wherein at the same time, the elasticity or flexibility of the insulating layers is utilized. Thus, the benefits of avoiding the heat transmission and prevention of condensation are achieved with the installation very simple and very reliable in maintenance connection of the adjacent panels. It must also be considered that such panels to which the invention specifically relates, very long, for example, may be up to 20 m long. In such lengths in particular call on an easy-to-install and captive connection of the panels to each other.

p0008The previously known connecting means of adjacent panels are not satisfactory. For example, are known for facade units U-shaped bends of a side edge and this matching S-shaped bends of the other side edge of the facade units as connecting means according to DE-OS 32 43 936th Both side edges are joined in the manner of a hooking together. This known design has several disadvantages. The manufacturing cost for the deformation of the aluminum side margins are relatively high and also due to this design of the side edges a relatively large thickness of the facade units but the one has a corresponding increase in demand for aluminum material result and, second receives to be covered Facade 'or like an undesirable thick contract. If an already suspended unit accidentally swung out slightly from the aligned position with the neighboring unit again, then the connection of the two units can solve unintentionally. There is also the risk that the connections are achieved by Luftsogwirkung.

p0009Avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages is in this preferred embodiment of the invention to their terms of reference. The thus possible insertion of locking in the corresponding Gegenrastung is much easier and faster to accomplish during assembly as shackling or a sense threading the profiled side edges of the design according to DE-OS 32 43 936th

p0010In particular, in this prior art, a disadvantage that this threading must take place over the entire length of the panel in all Paneelbereichen at the same time. Since panels often have a very long length (see above), such an assembly is difficult to implement. In contrast, you can take the snap connector of the invention (wherein the plug-in direction is in the common plane of the panels) initially start at a panel end and then continue it continuously until the other panel end. Suffice corresponding design already a grid and a corresponding counter-grid, where they can receive the necessary for the maintenance of the panels to each other tensile forces. Whether only ever a grid and counter height or more are provided, requires the preparation thereof fabrikatorisch a substantially lower cost than the above-described deformation work for the production of panels according to DE-OS 23 43 936th

p0011Preferably, the combination of latching with the features of claim is 3. Header and recess must be provided in a simple manner with the fabrikatorisch grids and counter grids. Moreover Header and recess secure in the locked insertion position, these two panels against a pivoting of a said panel to the other panel in the common plane. Headers and recess thus have a dual function.

p0012The features of claim 9 allowing the production of the grid and counter grid already during the deformation process of an aluminum plate to the support plate.

p0013The features of claims 10 and 11, some examples include the shaping and counter raster grid, without the invention being limited to these examples.

p0014Claim 12 describes an alternative way of arrangement of detents and mating catches to the effect that when pressing the to be overcome backpressure forces with otherwise the same tread pattern are smaller than in an arrangement opposite grid in the respective same level.

p0015Claim 13 provides for the protection of the outermost strip or groove.

p0016Further details and advantages of the invention are disclosed in the further dependent claims and the following description and the accompanying drawings of possible embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:<ul><li>FIG. 1 shows schematically in plan view a plurality of interconnected panels,</li><li>Figure 2:.. Also purely schematic and illustrative reasons, the omission of raster and grid against a section along the line II-II in Figure 1,</li><li>Fig. 3: in a comparatively enlarged scale and in section, both side edges of a preferably designed according to the invention said panel,</li><li>Fig.4-6:. On the scale of Figure 3 possible profile designs.</li><li>Fig. 7: in the scale of Figure 3 a different embodiment of groove and bar.</li><li>Figure 8:.. In relation to Figure 3 to 7 reduced scale another possible embodiment of the invention,</li><li>Fig. 9: in section, a schematic diagram showing the relation to the metallic support or its metallic fasteners projecting insulating layer,</li><li>Figure 10: likewise in section, an embodiment of the invention, which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 8,</li><li>Fig.11: also in section, a further embodiment of the invention,</li><li>Fig.12 + 13: each a plan view of an embodiment of the thermal barrier coating of Figure 11 and in the direction of the arrow A..</li></ul>

p0017Figs. 1 and 2 show three panels 1, which are mounted in a manner not shown to masonry of a facade or the like 2. The panels are made of an aluminum plate with a foam filling₃ is provided. They are elongated (see Fig. 1) and have two side edges 4, 5 which extend in the longitudinal direction 6 of the panels. Here, the first side edge 4 with a line extending in the longitudinal direction 6 bar 7 and the second side edge 5 is provided with a corresponding extending longitudinally groove-like recess 8 that is', formed of one or more strips, here two strips. 8 As shown in FIG. 2, the strips 7 in the recesses 8 between the strips 8 'inserted. The respective outermost strip or recess may be disguised or covered by a respective extending longitudinally of the panel profile (not shown in the drawing).

p0018The insertion 9 extends substantially in the plane formed by the panels and transverse to Paneellängsrichtung. The plug-in connection between the individual panels, preferably in the version with the illustrated strips 7 and recesses 8 'can be done by means of a latching of, are shown from the execution options in Figs. 3 to 8 and 10 in detail. The number of latching tabs or teeth is adapted to the particular structural conditions and requirements.

p0019Fig. 3 shows how sawtooth on both sides of the strip 7 and the recess 8 detents 10, 11 and likewise sawtooth-shaped mating latches 12, 13 are provided. The lying in the plug 9 adjacent faces 10 ', 11' or 12 13'sind, obliquely inclined to the insertion direction 9, DAB thereby plugging is facilitated. The other faces 10 ", 11" and 12 "and 13" extend approximately vertically and prevent a pulling apart of this plug connection.

p0020Fig. 3 further shows that the dash-dotted lines plane 14 of the notches 10 to the corresponding level 15 of the detents 11 on the other side of the bar 7 in the sliding direction 9 can be offset considered. The pitch t this displacement is preferably in each case identical. The same is true with respect to the respective planes 16 and 17 of the mating catches 12, 13 (see FIG. 3). Hereby during the pressing in direction of arrow 9 the force acting from the mating catches 12, 13 of the groove 8 to the notches 10, 11 of the strip 7 force is smaller than when the detents 10, 11 and mating detents 12, 13 would be respectively in the same plane but also the latter embodiment is detected by the invention.

p0021Fig. 4 shows a triangular cross-sectional shape of detents and mating latches, wherein the edges of these triangles have about each have the same angle of inclination to the insertion direction, or opposite thereto. Fig. 5 shows, also schematically, that detents and mating latches can be arcuate. According to FIG. 6 detents and mating latches may also have different shapes, provided that only one latching means is. Even with these and other possible configurations of the detents and counter-detents, these can be added on both sides of bar and the recess to each other, as is explained with reference to Fig. 3 with the planes 10, 11 and 16 17.

p0022Fig. 7 shows a modified form of strip 18 and recess 19 by taper both in the plug-in direction 9, and thereby have the same shape. They are equipped with. Pegs 20 and mating catches 21 provided. For this purpose, reference is made to the above-described exemplary ways of detents and mating catches, including their displacement. The advantage of the arrangement of FIG. 7 is that a very short insertion path and to a certain extent with a short jolt the locking position is produced. The insertion path here is so much lower than with an embodiment shown in FIG. 3. In this embodiment of FIG. 7 is particularly a configuration of detents and mating latches recommends such that they prevent a re-withdrawal, eg. By a sawtooth shape as shown in FIG. 3

p0023In all described ways of locking the panels to each other, the danger is avoided that solve by wind or by air currents occurring suction effects the panels from one another. There are hereby larger panel widths than previously possible. The detent action when inserting the panels move with the help of this racing ments in the desired end position. One can but - if desired - deliberately not completely push in the bars in the grooves, ie, one or even two latching divisions cease before the insertion process. In this way, a so-called shadow gap between two adjacent panels are formed, which gives a special visual and therefore architectural effect. The latching tabs have a certain elasticity and keep the temperature changes that occur during operation was.

p0024It is advisable to make the catches and mating latches of a sturdy material, preferably with produce from the material of the aluminum carrier plate to emboss example. Incidentally, as FIG. 3 and hereinafter to be explained in Fig. 8, projecting one of the lateral boundaries of the recesses formed by the panel 8 via the opening thereof against the plug. 9 This is particularly evident from the above bar 22nd It serves not only as a correspondingly broad support for the strip 7 to the other end edge of the panel. You can also for nailing or screwing, as indicated by the dotted line 25, are the panels of masonry, while the other, the strip 7 having front edge of the panel is supported by the described plug-locking connection.

p0025Fig. 8 shows a preferred, in practice particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention. The panel 1 has a preferably metallic, for example made of aluminum existing plate-shaped carrier 26 with a visible surface 27 and an inner surface 28 on the inner surface is made of an insulating material plate or sheet 23 firmly attached, preferably glued. This plate or layer may consist of polystyrene or polyurethane foam. Here, the polyurethane foam during its foaming firmly with the inner surface 2_8th be glued. The carrier 26 may be embossed or thermoformed. The carrier 26 with its edge regions 26 ', 26 "but only extends over the portion a of the total thickness d of this said panel so that the further section b no cold bridges can be caused by metallic parts. The sidebar is back with 7 and the associated recess estimated at 8. the layer or plate 23 is, as shown in FIG. 8 on the right shows, with one of the bar 22 shown in FIG. 3 analog edge area before. It is just like in the example Fig. 3 overlapped by the strip 7 of the other end edge. the also here at the bar 22 possible Nagel.ung indicated dash-dotted lines with numeral 25th the regions not covered by the material of the metallic carrier faces of the plate or layer 23 are estimated to be the 24th, the resiliency of Dämmateriales allows plugging together of the locking connection 7, 8 a resilient yielding of the parts and thus easier manufacture of the locking connection.

p0026The types of support to the masonry or the like specific page of the insulation layer is put at 29th

p0027The example of FIG. 9 shows a more basic .Darstellung a possible embodiment of the invention. Identical or substantially the same parts bear the same reference numerals. The carrier 26 can, as dot-dash line is indicated by numeral 35, to limit the lateral end edges along the length of a. But that the metal-free part b remains on the total length d still left. The bar 30 of the left-in Fig. 9 front edge of this said panel is located in the vicinity of the carrier 26, while the bar 31 of the right-hand in FIG. 9 front edge of this said panel is close to the support surface 29. When laying the panels overlap both strips, ie the bar 31 of the left provided adjacent said panel (not shown) located in the space 32 and the bar 30 of the right provided for neighboring said panel (not shown) in the space 33. The mounting on masonry or the like 34 may by means through slamming through the bar 31 nails but also by gluing.

p0028It should be mentioned that the front edges of covering sections 35 in accordance with point 35 'can extend even to the points 36 parallel to the plate-shaped support member. This, too, the area remains with the thickness b of the insulating layer free of metal and therefore forms no so-called thermal bridges. If you dispense with the covers 35 and 36 of the end edges, the insulation layer 23 can be thinner than in the preceding embodiments can be made, since the thickness d, over which no cold bridge is created, here is correspondingly large.

p0029A similar configuration would also be conceivable, in the aforementioned FIG. 8, by there though the envelopes or liners 26 ', or 26' maintains, however waived on catches and mating latches on the bus bar 7 and in the off recess 8.

p0030Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of the invention that is similar to the example of Fig. 8 in construction. Here, the support ends 26 before the bus bar 7 and the recess 8, for example at the edges 37. In addition, a film is still 38 is provided made of plastic or a similar deformable material, which is guided in the drawing around the side edges of the panel and the locking teeth 39, 40 of the bus bar 7 and the recess 8 forms. This also makes a snap connection into each plug-panels is possible. If required, the insulating layer 23 could further extend downward (similar to the previous embodiments). This is dash-dot indicated by numeral 23 '.

p0031The embodiment of Figures 11 to 13 again shows a carrier 26 on its entire inner surface 28 a layer 41 is foamed from a polyurethane foam, and thereby bonded to said inner surface. On the still liquid polyurethane foam, a further layer 42 is made of polystyrene (trademark: polystyrene) is applied, which thus at the contact surfaces 43 compresses the polyurethane foam and there glued with it. The polyurethane foam has the function of sound insulation. Its mission is relatively thin. It will be usually not more than 5 mm. In contrast, the polystyrene layer has the function of heat insulation. In addition, DAB also of polyurethane foam, heating and hence reduces stretch of the sheet metal of the support 26th Furthermore, 42 airspaces 44 are provided in the polystyrene layer, which primarily serve the airflow and the prevention of condensation. At the same time they also have the function of heat insulation. These air spaces 44 are located between studs 45 or strips 46 in FIGS. 12 and 13 visible from above (arrow A) surface of the polystyrene layer. Figs. 12 and 13 show that the air spaces 44 to the outside air being open and therefore flows through this. The height of the knobs 45 or 46 bars may be 10 mm. Since it something press into the polyurethane foam, remains as after completion available height h of the air spaces 44 in this example, about 5 mm. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these numbers and the number indicating the amount of the polyurethane foam.

p0032A key manufacturing technology and in terms of thermal insulation advantage of the invention is that a direct plug-in of the panels results (ie without special aids such as separate connecting rails and the like) a solid and easy to assemble compound no greater heat transfer than the panels in their remaining area Has. In particular, a direct heat transfer along a butt joint is avoided.

p0033Furthermore applies that the illustrated and described in one embodiment, features can be mutatis mutandis also provided in another embodiment.