Commodity rack of automatic vending machine.

This invention relates to an internal vendor structure mechanism with a rack for placing goods or articles therein or -upon, and, more particularly to a so-called "serpentine type" commodity rack having passageway space in which commercial articles of cylindrical shape or in cylindrical containers pass and be stored in array.

A general construction of the conventional serpentine type commodity rack will be outlined hereinbelow with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 designates left and right side plates for the rack, between which a plurality of curved rail segments 2 are installed in vertical combination one after the other, thereby constituting two rows of guide rails 3 and 4 one at the front one at the back side. Between the guide rails 3, 4 there is defined the serpentine passageway 5 for the articles which extends in the vertical direction. The passageway 5 has openings at its top and bottom ends facing frontwards of the commodity rack, the top opening being an inlet 6 for the articlesand the bottom opening being an outlet 7 for removing sold articles. Further, a vending mechanism 8 for removing and checking the articles, one at a time, in accordance with instructions for vending is installed at the outlet 7 for dispensing the purchased goods at the bottom end of the passageway. Numeral 9 designates a fixed pin for each of the curved rail segments 2, and numeral 10 denotes a top tray provided at inlet opening 6 on the top end of passageway 5.

In the above-described construction of the commodity rack, the operations for receiving the articles for vending are executed in the following manner. Articles 11 in a cylindrical container are supplied through the top inlet opening 6 with their longitudinal axes being

sidewise and roll down, one by one, the commodity rack. Accordingly, a cylindrical article 11 rolls on the top tray 10 and at the end of it drops into passageway 5 in the direction indicated by arrow A, while hitting the concaved surface of each of the guide rails 3, 4. The subsequent articles follow the same course and sequentially drop, one after another, on the articles already accumulated and stacked at the bottom end of passageway 5. All the supplied articles are accommodated in the passageway in a queue. When instructions for vending are imparted to the vending mechanism 8, the device is actuated to release the thus stored articles, one by one, starting with the lowest one, as is already well known.

Recently, the vending articles sold by automatic vending machines have diversified, the containers for them ranging from metal cans to glass bottles. These various types of containers also have various contents such as carbonated beverages, beer, and so forth.

Incidentally, the afore-described serpentine type rack has a tortuous passageway 5 and the vending articles supplied at the inlet 6 roll down along the tortuous passageway 5 in a zig-zag configuration. The force of impact produced when they drop on one another can thus be relatively slight, and articles in aluminum cans etc. are sufficiently resistant to such shock. Even so, the dropping speed increases as an article rolls freely downward into the rack from the inlet 6 and acquires enormous momentum just before it lands in its final stoppage position. On account of this, when articles or goods in fragile containers such as glass bottles, etc. are thrown into the passageway 5, the glass bottles are inevitably broken by an impact force on landing at the bottom of the commodity rack, or from collisions with other bottles. Even if the glass bottles do not in fact break, the carbonated content such as beer and carbonated beverages causes abnormal foaming when the bottle cap is removed due to the shock of the collision. In addition, articles with a barrel-shaped container and others which are relatively unstable in posture tend to readily lose their rolling pose even upon very slight contact with the structural element defining the passageway, as its rolling speed increases. As the consequence, containers smaller than the passageway, in particular, tend to lose their posture during the roll-down movement in and along the passageway. There is, therefore, a great possibility that they will become lodged on their way down the passageway, thereby causing the path to clog with articles.

From this point of view, it is desirable in the serpentine type commodity rack that the dropping speed of the articles be restricted as far as possible to thus diminish the impact load resulting from the fall of the articles, and to accurately maintain the rolling posture of the articles during their downward rolling movement through the passageway. Hence, while it may be desirable to construct the passageway in the commodity rack such that its inclination is only slight, the commodity rack will increase in depth in this case. The consequence is that the outer casing of the automatic vending machine also increases in depth accordingly, thus taking up more space at the shop front or wherever the automatic vending machine is to be installed. This, however, does not comply with the existing conditions.

In view of the afore-described problems, it is a prinary object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned defects inherent in the serpentine type commodity rack of conventional automatic vending machines.

This object is achieved by a commodity rack as set forth in claim 1 with further advantageous features being characterized in the dependent claims.

The present invention provides planar auxiliary rail segments of a construction and arrangement such that, in the stand-by state for receiving goods into the commodity rack, each of the auxiliary rail segments is so positioned that it may protrude towards the commodity passageway in an upwardly inclined posture, and, at the time an article is supplied to an auxiliary rail segment, the rail segment will reduce the roll-down speed of the article, and will change its upwardly slanted posture to a downwardly slanted posture, similar to a see-saw, due to the dead weight of the supplied article. This moves the articles further below.

Ways of carrying out the invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawing which illustrate only specific embodiments and in which: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none"><li>Figure 1 is a side view of a conventional serpentine-type commodity rack;</li><li>Figures 2A and 2B are schematic side views of a basic embodiment of the invention, Figure 2A showing a state in which no articles are supplied to the rack, and Figure 2B a state with articles therein;</li><li>Figures 3 to 12B illustrate various embodiments of the invention, where Figures 3 and 4 are respectively side views of the main part of the commodity rack; Figures 5 and 6 are respectively perspective views, of the main part of the commodity rack; Figures 7A and 7B are respectively side views, for explaining operations, of the main part of another embodiment; Figure 8 is a side view of the main part of still another embodiment; Figure 9 is a side view of the main part of a further embodiment of the invention; Figures 10A and 10B are respectively side views, for explaining the mode of operation, of the main part of yet a further embodiment; Figure 11 is a side view of the main part of another embodiment of the invention; and Figures 12A and 12B are respectively side views showing the overall structure of still another embodiment of the invention, where Figure 12A shows a state in which no articles are supplied to the rack, and Figure 12B illustrates a state of the articles being stored in the rack;</li><li>Figures 13A and 13B are respectively schematic side views of yet another embodiment of the invention, where</li><li>Figure 13A shows the commodity rack in an empty state and Figure 13B illustrates a state in which the articles are supplied and stored in the rack;</li><li>Figure 14 is a perspective view showing a detailed construction of the main part of the curved rail segment shown in Figure 13;</li><li>Figure 15 is a cross-sectional side view of the main part of the curved rail segment in Figure 14 as viewed along line P-Q;</li><li>Figures 16A and 16B are respectively schematic views for explaining the mode of operation when the goods are to be fed into the commodity rack;</li><li>Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the overall serpentine-type commodity rack incorporating a starwheel-type vending mechanism;</li><li>Figure 18 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of a vending mechanism in-its stand-by state for vending an article in the commodity rack; Figures 19 to 21 explain the article releasing operations which differ from that shown in Figure 2; and</li><li>Figure 22 is a timing chart for the article releasing operations.</li></ul>

Referring first to Figures 2A and 2B showing the basic structure of a first embodiment of the commodity rack according to the present invention, the guide rails 3, 4 are constructed by the combination of a plurality of curved rail segments 2 similar to conventional ones and a plurality of see-saw type auxiliary rail segments 12, each being positioned beneath a respective one of the curved rail segments 2. Each see-saw type rail segment 12 is supported by fitting its hinge arm 13 on a rotational pin 14 so as to permit pivotal oscillation about this pin 14 as the pivotal shaft. In addition, each auxiliary rail segment 12 is so constructed that, in its stand-by state in which it is free to have an article 11 loaded onto it as shown in Figure 2A, the length between the pivotal shaft and the forward end of the rail segment may be shorter than between the pivotal shaft and the rear end so that the rail segment 12 may adopt an upwardly slanted posture in which its forward end surface projects into passageway 5. When an article 11 is loaded on the rail segment 12 as shown in Figure 2B, on the other hand, the surface of the rail segment 12 adopts a downwardly slanted posture along passageway 5 due to the dead weight of the article itself on the rail surface.

In the following, explanations with reference to Figure 3 will be given of the mode of operation of a see-saw type auxiliary rail segment 12 from its state in Figure 2A to that in Figure 2B when the articles are being loaded onto it. When an article 11 inserted into the top inlet port 6 rolls down a curved rail segment 2, it hits the surface of the associated rail segment 12 in its stand-by position shown in Figure 2A, and is once received thereon immediately after its passage on and along the curved rail segment 2. Subsequently, the rail segment 12 tilts about the pivotal shaft like a see-saw in the direction of arrow B due to the dead weight of the article 11 when the article drops on the rail surface, thereby causing the rail segment 12 to change its posture to a downwardly slanted one. As the result, on and along the surface of the rail segment 12 article 11 rolls by gravity and is sent out further downward. Continuously, at the corner of the next curved rail segment 2, the article hits the next auxiliary rail segment 12. The same operations are thus repeated in sequence until the article ultimately reaches the end of the passageway 5. Moreover, in hitting a see-saw type rail segment 12, the article 11 causes it to tilt and the kinetic energy which article 11 acquires as it drops is spent to slant the rail segment 12, thus remarkably decreasing the dropping speed of the article. In this case, by appropriately setting the angle of inclination and the pivotal shaft of the see-saw type rail segment 12 in its stand-by position, it is possible to reduce the dropping speed of the article to nearly zero, on the one hand and, on the other hand, to cause the same to start dropping again from the rail segment 12 due to its own dead weight. In this way, the rolling and dropping speed of articles 11 can be minimized over the entire length of the passageway 5, thereby sufficiently reducing the impact force upon droppage of an article to effectively prevent breakage of bottle containers, abnormal foaming of the carbonated beverage in the bottle, and further disarraying its rolling posture. Incidentally, it should be noted that the shorter the pitch of auxiliary rail segments 12 in the passageway 5 the greater the speed-reducing effect to the article. While it is best to alternately set up the curved rail segments 2 and the auxiliary rail segments 12 as .shown in Figure 2A (or 2B), it is also possible to thin out part of the rail segments 12 to such an extent that no practical inconvenience arises.

In Figure 3, fixed pins 9 of the curved rail segment 2 are utilized as stoppers for rail segments 12 to restrict the oscillating or tilting angle of rail segments 12. It is also possible for stopper pins 15, 16 to be provided separately from the curved rail segments 2, as shown in Figure 4, to restrict the angle of tilt between a dotted line position and a solid line position of each rail segment 12. It may be further feasible for the rail segment 12 to be constructed as shown in Figure 5 in which its width 1₁ is the same as the width 1₂ of the curved rail segment 2 in conformity to the width of the passageway 5 so as to be pivotally supported on the side plates of the commodity rack, or the rail segment 12 is constructed so as to be tiltably supported on a slantly disposed, rectilinear fixed rail frame 18 formed by cutting out a window 17 as shown in Figure 6. In this latter case, it is preferable for the see-saw type rail segment 12 to be constructed with as broad a width as possible from the aspect of posture control of the articles.

In the following,several preferred embodiments of the see-saw type rail segment 12 will be explained in a further developed form based on the construction as shown in Figure 2A (2B).

The embodiment shown in Figures 7A and 7B has a pivotal shaft position adjusting mechanism, in which a plurality of pin holes 19, 20 are perforated in the hinge arm 13 of the rail segment 12 with their positions of perforation being mutually different, and any one of these pin holes 19, 20 is selected for the rotational pin 14 to be fitted into. By providing such a pivotal shaft position adjusting mechanism, it is possible to vary the length of projection of the rail segment 12 into passageway 5, i.e. to vary the effective width of the passageway defined between the forward end of a rail segment 12 and the curved rail segment opposite to the former, the rail segments being adaptable to articles of varying sizes. In more detail, when articles of large diameter as shown in Figure 7A are to be stored in the commodity rack, rotational pin 14 is selected to fit into pin hole 19, thereby rendering the effective passage width broad. On the contrary, when articles of a small diameter are handled, the pin hole 20 is chosen as in Figure 7B, thereby increasing the projecting length of the rail segment 12 to narrow the effective passage width. Thus, the size of passageway 5 can be appropriately established in accordance with the size of the articles 11.

The embodiment shown in Figure 8 provides an adjustable stopper mechanism for variably adjusting the angle of inclination of the surface of the rail segments 12 in their stand-by position. This mechanism is so constructed that the fitting position of a stopper pin 16 for the associated rail segment 12 may be selectively changed to a plurality of positions 16I and 16II; the angles of inclination 6₁ and 8₂ of a rail segment 12 in the stand-by position may be variably adjusted as shown by the solid line or a dotted line position. In such a construction, when the angles of inclination of a rail segment 12 in stand-by position is increased, the consumption of kinetic energy of the rolling and dropping articles required to turn the rail segment 12 in the see-saw movement also increases. Conversely, when the angle of inclination is selected to be small, the consumption of kinetic energy becomes accordingly small. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the position of the stopper pin based on the weight of articles 11, the dropping speed can be properly controlled.

Figure 9 shows an embodiment of a see-saw type rail segment 12 provided with a spring 21 to urge the rail segment into its stand-by position as indicated by arrow C. In the afore-described embodiments, rail segments 12 are inclined in their unloaded stand-by position due to equilibrium about the pivotal point. By providing the spring 21, however, it is possible to forcibly urge the rail segment 12 from its dash line position into its solid line stand-by position.Moreover, since the speed- controlling force imparted to the dropping articles is varied by appropriately selecting the force of the spring 21, the dropping speed of the article becomes controllable. Incidentally, it should be noted that, besides a coil spring 21 coaxially provided on the rotational pin 14 as shown in Figure 9, the spring 21 may also be a compression spring, tension spring, etc. interposed between rail segment 12 and a fixed member.

Figures 10A and 10B illustrate an embodiment in which a counterweight 22 is provided in place of a spring to urge rail segment 12 into its stand-by position as indicated by an arrow C. If in this case the counterweight 22 is designed to have its weight adapted to the weight of the articles to be stacked in the commodity rack, as in Figures 10A and 10B, the counterweight will be able to impart an appropriate speed-reducing effect to the rolling articles. This means the counterweight may be adjusted to be light for light-weight goods as shown in Figure 10A, while a heavy setting is chosen by increasing the number of weights to conform heavy-weight goods as shown in Figure 10B.

The embodiment of a see-saw type rail segment 12 shown in Figure 11 has a stopper/buffer member 23 made of a rubber piece provided in confrontation to the stopper pin 15. In more detail, in the course of a dropping article 11 hitting the rail segment 12 to cause it to turn, and continuing to fall downward when the impact force of the rail segment 12 hitting against the stopper pin 15 is large, a reaction from the shock of impact is transmitted to the article 11 to appreciably disturb its normal rolling posture when the article separates from rail segment 12. However, by providing the buffer member 23 the above-mentioned shock of impact can be diminished, and the article 11 can be advanced smoothly without disturbing its moving posture. This buffer member 23 may, of course, be provided on the stopper pin on the opposite side, and suitable materials other than rubber may be used for it.

<ul id="ul0002" list-style="none"><li>Figures 12A and 12B illustrate an embodiment of the see-saw type rail segment 12 which provides a much higher speed-reducing effect by combining a see-saw type rail segment 12 and a suspension-type tiltable rail segment 2 with a curved surface. In this embodiment, in addition to providing the tiltable rail segment 12, the curved rail segment 2 is not fixed on the side wall of the commodity rack as in the previous embodiments, but is pivotally supported at its top edge on a pin 24 so that it is suspended from the pin in a freely pivotal manner. By the way, reference numeral 25 designates a stopper pin provided behind rail segment 2 for regulating its pivoting range. With this construction, the rail segment 2 is free in its stand-by state, in which no article is loaded in the commodity rack, and the rail segment 2 hangs in a direction to narrow the passageway 5, as shown in Figure 12A, due to the location of its center of gravity owing to its curvature. In this state, when the articles are thrown into the commodity rack through inlet 6, the articles first hit the surface of the curved rail segment 2 and drop downward pushing the rail segment 2 sideways to enlarge the passageway 5. In so doing, the articles are subject to speed control action and part of the energy of their dropping motion is spent for pushing the curved rail segment 2 sideways, thereby reducing its dropping rate. Subsequently, the articles further reduce their speed in the same manner as mentioned above as they pass the see-saw type rail segment 12. It is thus possible to more effectively reduce the dropping rate of an article rolling and dropping in and along the passageway at the time of loading the commodity rack with the goods.</li><li>Figure 12B indicates the state of the articles when stacked in the commodity rack, where the curved rail segments 2 are pivoted backward to contact with the respective stopper pins 25.</li><li>Figures 13A and 13B illustrate the basic construction of a different embodiment of the commodity rack according to the present invention. Each of the curved rail segments 2 constituting the guide rails 3, 4 is not fixed to the side plate 1 of the commodity rack, but is hooked at its upper edge to a support shaft 112 to be pivotally suspended in the rack. Furthermore, the curved rail segments 2 are provided with a pivotal speed control flap or movable damping flap 114 which is so biased by a spring 113 that it normally protrudes toward the passageway 5 from the rail surface of the rail segment 2. A stopper pin 115 is fitted on the side plate 1 for the commodity rack at the back of this curved rail segment 2 to restrict the pivotal range of rail segment 2. One example of the actual construction of such rail segment is shown in Figures 14 and 15. In more detail, the flap 114 is fitted in a window 116 formed in the center of rail segment 2, pivotally supported on a support shaft 118 mounted on rail segment 2, and further pushed upward by the biasing coil spring 113. The force of this spring 113 is selected such that it usually urges flap 114 upward,but allows the flap to turn downwardly to retreat in window 116 under the weight of an article 11 placed on flap 114.</li></ul>

According to this construction of the commodity rack in a stand-by state accommodating no article in the commodity rack, each of the curved rail segments 2 is suspended in a manner such that its own dead weight causes it to swing closer to the adjacent rail segment of the opposite guide rail. Moreover, the speed control flap 114 of each rail segment 2 protrudes into passageway 5 by the force of spring 113. In this state of the curved rail segment 2, when articles 11 are introduced into the commodity rack through inlet 6 to replenish the goods, an article 11 , which has rolled down along the top tray 10, hits the topmost rail segment 2 in the back row, while rolling from the chain line position to the solid line position in Figure 16A, and pushes the rail segment 2 sideways from the chain line position to the solid line position to widen the passageway 5. Accordingly, part of the kinetic energy of article 11 is spent in pushing the suspended rail segment 2 sideways, thereby restricting the dropping rate of the article. As the roll movement advances along the rail surface of the rail segment 2, the article 11 collides with the flap 114 shown in Figure 16B. After the flap 114 has been pushed back against the force of spring 113 towards its retracted position shown by arrow C to widen the passageway, the article 11 rides over the flap 114 and moves from the solid to the broken line position. While passing over this flap, the article 11 is checked in its movement due to the resistive force exerted by flap 114. Subsequently, when article 11 reaches the rail segment 2 in the front row, it experiences the checking action as mentioned above as it passes rail segment 2 and flap 114 while pushing the latter sideways to widen the commodity passageway 5. Article 11, which rolls down, drops in and passes along the passageway at the time articles are supplied to the commodity rack, is thus subjected to said checking action every time it passes by a rail segment 2, thereby considerably reducing the dropping rate of the article through the entire span of the passageway compared to a case where it rolls freely and drops without any checking action being imparted to it. When articles are accommodated in the commodity rack, the rail segment 2 is pushed sideways to a'position where it contacts the stopper pin 115 at the rear owing to the dead weight of the article when stacked as shown in Figure 13B. In addition, the flap 114 is also retracted to a position parallel to the surface of the rail segment 2, thereby releasing an article in response to a vending instruction.

Incidentally, the illustrated embodiment is designed such that the curved rail segments 2 constituting the guide rails are all suspended on their respective pivotal shaft in a pivotal manner, and the speed checking flap is also provided on each rail segment. However, provided that there is no practical inconvenience, the fixed type rail segment may also be employed in one part of the guide rails in combination with the pivotal rail segment. Furthermore, window 116 of the rail segment 2 in Figure 14 does not necessarily have to be provided if the flap 114 is made of a sufficiently thin plate and does not hamper the guiding action of the rolling article 11.

Explanations will be given in the following of a starwheel-type vending mechanism suitable for the serpentine-type commodity rack according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 17, the serpentine-type commodity rack incorporating the above-mentioned starwheel-type vending mechanism is outlined as follows. In-the drawing, articles 11 have their long side laid horizontally and are accommodated in a queue within the tortuous passageway 5 formed vertically in the commodity rack. The starwheel-type vending mechanism 204 is provided at the bottom of the passageway 5, from which the articles are discharged one by one. The vending mechanism is constructed with a starwheel 205 having a plurality of arms, and projecting into the passageway 5 in a freely rotatable manner. A solenoid 206 operation is controlled by vending instructions, and a link mechanism 207 is also provided which controls the engagement and disengagement of the starwheel 205 with an_'article by the action of the solenoid 206. In its stand-by state for vending, the bottom- most article in the passageway 5 is engaged by the starwheel 205, thus all articles being held in the commodity rack. When a vending instruction is given, the starwheel 205 disengages the bottom-most article by the action of the solenoid 206, and the released article 11 rolls down toward a discharge chute 208 due to its own dead weight and is sent to a discharge outlet (not shown in the drawing). After the article has been discharged, the starwheel 205 is rotated. However, due to the return motion of the solenoid, the starwheel ceases to rotate further but is again locked. As soon as the next article and onward ones have moved within the commodity rack by the length of one article the article is engaged and held by an arm of the starwheel. Since such starwheel-type commodity discharge devices can utilize in their driving parts an electromagnetic solenoid which is cheaper, more durable and more reliable than an electric motor they have been most widely adopted in the automatic vending machines for selling canned and bottled articles.

This vending mechanism must function to be not only capable of accurately controlling the discharge of the articles one at a time, but also capable of gentle and careful handling of the article to prevent breakage and impairment. In particular, due to diversification in the types and kinds of articles, not only those in metal containers, but also those in vitreous containers such as glass bottles have been sold by automatic vending machines. Under such circumstances, this function of gentle handling of the articles in the vending mechanism tends to gain in importance.

In this connection the conventional starwheel-type vending mechanism is designed such that the starwheel is rotated continuously forward at every vending operation, from its start to its finish, causing one article to be dropped from its engaged position under its own dead weight until it is properly removed from the vending mechanism. Accordingly, each of the articles remaining in the passageway drops freely at every vending operation, for a distance corresponding to the diameter of one article, moves in the passageway, is again engaged with, and stopped by, the starwheel. Moreover, in view of a possible collision between an article and the starwheel as well as between adjacent articles due to movement of these articles along the passageway, a bottle container would be appreciably broken by the collision, thus posing a great problem in the starwheel-type vending mechanisms.

The present invention aims at providing the starwheel-type vending mechanism which has solved the above-mentioned problem and also embodies the function of gentle handling of articles, thereby making it possible to handle with safety even articles in fragile containers such as glass bottles.

In such starwheel-type vending mechanism according to the present invention, an intermittent advancing action control mechanism is provided which associates the starwheel with the solenoid and intermittently performs rotational advancing action of the starwheel required to discharge one article at a time by dividing such rotational advancing action as a whole into a plurality of separate forwarding motions.

In the following, the starwheel-type vending mechanism according to the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to an actual embodiment as shown in the drawing.

Referring to Figure 18 which shows the structure of the vending mechanism, starwheel 205 has four arms A, B, C and D adapted to rotate through an angle of 90 degrees for dispensing a single article..This starwheel is rotatably supported on a shaft 210 mounted on a base member 209. Ratchet wheel 211 with teeth a to h is coaxially mounted on shaft 210 connected to this starwheel 205. In the illustrated embodiment, the number of teeth in ratchet wheel 211 is selected to be eight, an integral multiple of the number of the arms of the starwheel 205, i.e. four. A bifurcated pivotal link 212 with two pawls X, Y is mounted on a pin 213 to be freely pivotal and mesh with the teeth of ratchet wheel 211. This link 212 is constantly urged in a counterclockwise direction by a tension spring 214 on the one hand, and, on the other hand, is connected to an armature 216 of solenoid 206 via a connecting rod 215. When no electric current is conducted through solenoid 206, pawl X of link 212 meshes with ratchet wheel 211 due to the bias of the spring 214, thereby inhibiting the clockwise rotation of the ratchet wheel 211. On the contrary, when electric current is conducted through solenoid 206, link 212 pivots in the clockwise direction against the force of spring 214 due to the attraction of armature 216. Pawl X is retracted, and pawl Y projects toward ratchet wheel 211 to inhibit rotation of the same. Subsequently, when the solenoid executes its return motion when the current is cut off, pawlY of the bifurcated pivotal link 212 retracts and pawl X projects. By this reciprocating operation of the solenoid, ratchet wheel 211 and thus starwheel 205 is permitted to rotate clockwise for one pitch of the teeth of ratchet wheel 211. The explanations of the construction of the starwheel-type vending mechanism will be finished at this point and further explanationsof the article dispensing control operations will be given with reference to Figures 18 to 21.

Figure 18 indicates a stand-by state for vending articles, in which tooth a of the ratchet wheel 211 meshes with pawl X of bifurcated pivotal link 212. In this engaged position, articles 11, 11' and 11" queued up in the passageway 5 are engaged and held in their respective positions by arm C of starwheel 205. When solenoid 206 is energized by electric current, link 212 turns clockwise as shown in Figure 19, during which movement the starwheel 205 is rolled slightly forward in the clockwise direction until tooth c of the ratchet wheel 211 contacts pawl Y of link 212. Accordingly, the bottommost article 11 moves in the passageway 5 by an amount 1₁, from its stand-by position shown by a chain line to its solid line position. When the solenoid is then de-energized, ratchet wheel 211 is rotated forward for substantially one pitch of the ratchet teeth until tooth h'of the ratchet wheel 211 contacts pawl X of the bifurcated pivotal link 212, and the total amount of movement of article 11 is 1₂. In this state, arm B of starwheel 205 protrudes into passageway 5 and intervenes in a space between the bottommost article 11 and the next article 11'. When the solenoid is now re-energized article 11 moves to its solid line position as shown in Figure 21 and the total amount of movement of article 11 is 1₃. In this state, the bottommost article 11 is almost disengaged from arm C of the starwheel 205, and the second and subsequent articles are engaged and held in position by arm B of the starwheel 205 to be perfectly separated from bottommost article 11. In the ultimate operating step, when the current in the solenoid 206 is cut off again, article 11 comes completely free, drops under its own dead weight, and can be removed. At the same time, arm B of the starwheel 205 is rolled forward to the position of arm C in Figure 18, at which arm B is stopped by its engagement with ratchet wheel 211 and the bifurcated pivotal link 212 to retain the second and subsequent articles in their stand-by vending position. Hence, one vending operation terminates and one article is dispensed.

The above-described article dispensing action can be expressed in the form of a time chart as shown in Figure 22. The solenoid 206 -repeats its on-and-off operations twice on the basis of the vending instructions at every vending operation. Such electric current conduction control can be effected by an appropriate vending control circuit. This current conduction control intermittently moves starwheel 205 through an intermittent advancing action control mechanism comprising a separate ratchet wheel 211 and bifurcated pivotal link 212 in such a manner that the rolling and forwarding movement required to dispense a single article may be divided into four operating steps. Since the amount of dropping and movement of the article in the commodity rack in each of four separate operating steps for advancing the article is less than the total amount of movement during one vending operation, the drop-moving rate of the article can be kept lower for that separate advancing action. Accordingly, the force of impact between the article and the starwheel as well as the impact caused by collision of adjacent articles can be reduced considerably compared to conventional devices. Thus, the function of moderate article handling which is the object of the present invention can be realized by a driving system using a solenoid, thus making it possible to reliably handle with care articles in fragile containers such as glass bottles.

Although the illustrated embodiment shows the starwheel and ratchet wheel arranged coaxially in direct connection, it should be noted that they can be connected via a gear mechanism, etc.. By constructing the vending mechanism in this way, the number of teeth on the separate advancing ratchet wheel can be selected within a wide range. Furthermore, the illustrated embodiment shows an example of dividing the vending operations into four stages of separate advancing actions a to d as shown in Figure 22, and the function of gentle article handling can be greatly improved if the number of divisions in the operating stages are increased further although the time required for removing the articles becomes longer.