Improvements relating to driving arrangements for blowers of internal combustion engines

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a supercharger and an exhaust gas turbine for changing the speed and power of this fan, in particular for aircraft.

In the known devices of this type, all the exhaust pipes of the internal combustion engine are connected to the exhaust gas turbine for driving a blower. A disadvantage of this arrangement is that with decreasing altitude an ever smaller part of the exhaust gases for the turbine drive is required while an increasing proportion of the exhaust gases must be blown into the open unused. In the bypass line through which the excess exhaust gases are blown into the open, appropriate control devices, such as throttle valves od. Like., Are provided. The larger the proportion of gas to be discharged into the open, the more these control devices are heated and the actuating linkage is stressed.

In contrast, the present invention is based on the recognition that only in exceptional cases in the full-pressure altitude, but usually only in an approximately 8o ° / o the full-pressure altitude corresponding altitude is flown. As a result, only very rarely all exhaust gases for driving the exhaust gas turbine are required. This has the consequence that constantly a large part of the exhaust gases is lost useless.

Accordingly, the invention consists in that a part of the exhaust performance is connected to the exhaust gas turbine, while the remaining exhaust pipes open directly into the open air and their recoil is used as an additional driving force for the aircraft.

Such an arrangement works more economically. and overheating of the control devices is thereby prevented. In particular, an economical and perfect continuous operation is guaranteed.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically.

The internal combustion engine a has an exhaust gas turbine b, which is acted upon by a part of the exhaust pipes Z of this internal combustion engine, while the remaining exhaust pipes open directly into the open, so that their recoil can be used as additional driving force for the vehicle. From the main shaft e of the internal combustion engine, a planetary gear is driven with the sun gear d and the satellite star g1 with the planet gears g. The planet gears g mesh on the one hand with the sun gear d and on the other hand with an enclosing larger wheel h, which has both internal and external teeth. In the outer toothing of the wheel lr engages a pinion i, which is connected to the exhaust turbine b by a propeller shaft k. While the motor shaft e is connected to the satellite star gi, the drive of the supercharger c is effected by the shaft f connected to the sun gear d. The compressed air supplied by the supercharger is supplied to the internal combustion engine through the line n.

The exhaust line l of the internal combustion engine is divided into two ports, one of which, p, leads to the exhaust gas turbine b, while the port o opens directly into the open air. To regulate the power of the exhaust gas turbine at the branch point of the lines p and o a regulator knob q is attached, which determines the path of the exhaust gases to one or the other line. This flap q can either by hand or automatically, z. B. be adjusted by an affected by the external air pressure or by the pressure in the suction line of the engine diaphragm.

The mode of operation of the device is as follows: If the control flap q is adjusted so that the line o is closed and- the full energy of the exhaust gases acts on the turbine b, so the planetary gear via the shaft k and the pinion i in addition to the direction of rotation driven by the supercharger c, whereby a maximum performance of this fan is achieved. If the regulator flap q adjusted in the sense that a part of the exhaust gas energy through the secondary line o can escape to the outside and the exhaust gas b undergoes only a Teilbeaufschlagung, so reduces the additional drive of the planetary gear, and this can be done so far, until between the large planetary gear la and the pinion i equilibrium prevails, d. H,. the planetary gear dc is held. This reduces the speed and power of the supercharger. Finally, if the regulator flap q adjusted so far that the exhaust gas b no or only a small amount of energy through the line l is supplied, while then escapes the main part of the exhaust gases through the line o to the outside, so there is a case that the exhaust gas turbine b is driven by the planetary gear via the pinion and the shaft k backward and reduce the speed and power of the supercharger even further.

In place of the drawn planetary gear can of course also another suitable transmission, z. B. einD, iferenti algetri @ ebe occur. Depending on the prevailing conditions, a greater or lesser part of the exhaust gas energy will be conducted after the line 1, while the remainder of the exhaust gas escapes directly into the open, utilizing the energy contained therein as a recoil force.