Industry filter

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an industrial filter for separating solid particles from a flowing air having a multi-capsule filter element in which its flow rate is automatically compensated during operation.

Known embodiments of industrial filters use filter material that is differently arranged, usually in the form of hoses or flat pockets. In the operation of the filter, where the fouling of the filter material by impurities and the regeneration of the filter material alternates, the filter material is mechanically stressed, especially in its longitudinal direction, so that it stretches. This difficulty has increased with the introduction of needlepunched fabrics as filter material, since needlepunched fabrics, although exhibiting a higher filtering effect, are less resistant to overstretching than previously used fabrics. The elongation of the filter fabric results in folds which cause increased wear and shortened service life of the filter fabric. A large elongation of the filter fabric may endanger. filter function.

Different types of filters are equipped with a special tensioning device which^{é pri} sec^tand out^and the ttltru amortizes ^dO^dstretch the filter fabric which has been stretched during operation. This type of post-tensioning, although common with filter hoses, is disadvantageous because it is laborious, forcing continuous inspection of the filter hoses and carried out when the filter is shut down.

The pocket filters are tensioned individually

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242 625 by means of springs or tensioning screws, which is production-intensive, and besides^E there is a hundred^peň na^pmakes the fabrics pom^Every small. I know^andthe designs provide tensioning of the filter fabric immediately after its application into the operation, thereby causing the biasing force to adversely affect the strain of the filter fabric and hence its greater elongation. Known pocket filters have another serious disadvantage »the surface of their inlet side is relatively rough, articulated with dirt on it quite firmly. they are trapped and therefore, when the bag filters are regenerated by backwashing the air, o^btíharvesting, and ^pbut in no^dostatečn^Em, thus increasing the pressure drop of the filter.

Introduced^E draws the drawbacks away ^Filtr to o^dlu^Csolid particles from the flowing air, equipped with a multi-cap filter insert having an inlet and an outlet side and consisting of a single solid strip of needled fabric forming a specified number of harmonically folded area pockets, two longitudinal and two transverse sealing collars as well as connecting pieces between The method according to the invention is characterized in that the multi-capsule filter element has at least one over the entire surface^E St^E parties, and vs^tat^pn^and side, air-permeable layer of amorphous synthetic polymeric material, longitudinal and longitudinal sealing cuffs ^filtra^Cv^lO^ofThe sizes are large ^Fil^tru firmly ^atch^ycené ^youwhile the connecting parts are slidably supported by their smooth, breathable layer of amorphous synthetic polymer mass on the horizontal inner surfaces of the partition wall and the pockets, one at each aperture of the partition wall, are provided with internal spacer reinforcement inside, external spreading reinforcements are placed between the individual pockets, where the inner spacers and the outer spacers are pendulously hinged or attached by suspension elements^E on ^divideswall. WITH^irka vnit^Řfinancial ^ploch. childhood m^{á b}The multilayer filter element is made of a needled fabric consisting of a carrier fabric, provided with a^les^pOⁿ on the entrance^pn^and with^traně vlo^items in^pickleusing a non-woven fabric, ^při^Cemž a^les^pOⁿ on the surface of the entrance^pn^and hillside^y in^ložk^y Yippee ^hland^dká pro^dyšon

242 625 layer of amorphous synthetic material. This smooth breathable layer can be of two different embodiments. In the first embodiment, it is made, for example, of polyester or polypropylene or polyacrylonitrile or an aromatic polyamide, and on its inner side the layer passes from an amorphous state into the shape of synthetic fibers forming at least part of the needlepunch fabric of the multi-capsule filter element. In the second embodiment, the smooth breathable layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene film firmly attached to the surface of the needled fabric. The carrier fabric in the needled fabric is formed of yarns consisting of polyester or polypropylene or polyacrylonitrile or aromatic polyamide or glass, the fibers being staple or continuous.

The industrial filter according to the invention ensures, during long-term operation, the self-limiting of the stitching of the needled fabric. During the alternation of the air filtration and the regeneration of the filter element, the filter element connecting elements slide on the inner surfaces of the filter wall and the swiveling movement of the spacers reinforces a part of the collected dust into the gaps between the inner surfaces of the separating wall and the filter element. The smooth, breathable layer of amorphous synthetic polymeric material helps to slide the fasteners. Gradually, as the filter cartridge elongates, a packed layer is formed in said gap from a portion of the separated dust that compensates for the elongation of the cartridge. In the long-term field tests of the industrial filter according to the invention, it has been shown that just by forming the dust layer, it is possible to continuously compensate the elongation of the filter insert by up to 5. This self-tensioning of the filter element has been proven in various types of dust separated by different fineness and specific weight. If the width of the inner partitions of the partition wall is less than 2 cm and above 8 cm, or if the attachment of the inner spacers does not allow swinging movements of these spacers and pockets, then the filter element does not automatically stretch, even though it has a smooth breathable layer of amorphous synthetic polymer mass. If the filter cartridge does not contain the just mentioned smooth breathable layer, then also k

242 .625 no self-tensioning. The invention does not require a comparison with the known^pindustrial ^filtrem ^sternn^E to^plňkov^E on^Mrsnac^and In addition, it is not necessary to perform tensioning of the filter element when the filter is shut down, nor does it occasionally need to check the filter element through-flow. Smooth breathable ales layer^pon it^pn^and hillside^{ě fi}ltra^Cins^items facilitates regeneration. ^této inserts by backwashing air. Perfectly tensioned filter insert^toand allows ^at re^Generaci dream^dn^Ej^š released dust from the fabric surface, resulting in a low pressure loss of the filter and resulting energy savings. Samo^Cinn^E on^Mrsnán^{í f}il^tračn^and vlo^items nav^andc prevents formation ^exE^hybůon this insert, which when tensioning known. filters cause their rapid wear or shorter service life of the filter element. In-service tests have shown that these benefits have extended the life of the filter cartridge up to 20,000 operating hours, which is more than twice the service life of known filter fabrics.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a two-chamber filter; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a harmoniously arranged filter element with a filter partition; FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through one pocket; and FIG. wall.

The two-chamber filter consists of · housing 2 ^and In the housing there is one multi-cap filter cartridge 2 »mounted on the partition wall 2 and provided with internal spacers 14 inside the individual pockets and an outer span between the pockets. The reinforcing elements 20 and the internal reinforcing elements 14 as well as the external reinforcing elements 20 are pendulum elements 15 pivotably mounted on the partition wall. 1 is the left chamber of the filter, shown in filtration when the outlet flap 18 is open, while the flushing flap 19 is closed. The second chamber is shown in the regeneration pro242 62S

X is damaged by backflushed air entering the open flushing flap 19 while the outlet flap 10 is closed.

The capsule filter cartridge 2 shown in Figure 2 consists of a single strip of needled fabric joined by seams 12 extending vertically along the edges of the pockets upwardly to rotate 90 ° into the horizontal longitudinal sealing cuffs 11. The transverse sealing cuffs 10 are formed of both. the ends of the needled fabric belt. The individual pockets fit into the openings 7 of the partition wall 5, while the longitudinal sealing collars 11 and the transverse sealing collars 10 are laid on the outer surfaces 6 of the partition wall 1 and are firmly attached thereto by a sealing frame 10. The horizontal connecting pieces 13 between the individual pockets of the filter element 8 are loosely laid on the inner surfaces 8 of the partition wall 2. The width of the inner surfaces ranges from 2 to 8 cm. In FIG. 3 a swivel fit of the inner spacer 14 within one pocket of the filter insert 2 wherein the hinge element 15 of the inner spacer 14 is pivotally mounted on the sealing frame 16 pressed against the longitudinal sealing collars 11 on the outer surfaces 6 of the partition wall. This attachment allows the inner strut 14 to be swiveled with the pocket, ensuring that the vertical strut 14 is not displaced vertically during filtration or regeneration. N_and FIG. 4 shows the pendulum-pivoted inner spacers 14 and outer spacers 20, as well as the multi-cap filter insert 2 mounted on the partition wall 2. ^and carrying a number of operating hours during which the extension of the vertical walls of the pockets was automatically compensated by forming a layer of packed dust 17 in the gaps between the inner surfaces of the partition wall 2 ^and connecting elements 13 of the filter element 2 ·

The multi-cap filter cartridge 9 is made of a needled fabric consisting of a carrier fabric provided with a fibrous web at least on the inlet side of the filter cartridge. The basis weight of the needled fabric is usually in the range of 300 to 900 g / m 2².

The support fabric is not made of synthetic fibers or glass fibers. Synthetic fibers are designed for temperatures up to

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242 625

220 ° C and glass fibers for temperatures up to 350 ° C. Synthetic fibers are particularly suitable for cost and temperature resistance up to 150 ° C or polypropylene fibers for their high chemical resistance or polyacrylonitrile fibers for their resistance to hydrolysis, or aromatic polyamide fibers for resistance to temperatures up to 220 ° C.

The fibrous web consists of staple fibers of polyester or polypropylene or polyacrylonitrile or of aromatic polyamide or glass fibers. In certain cases, for example for filters for the mill industry and for compound feed production, it is recommended to admix hydrophilic fibers such as cotton, wool, viscose fibers to the synthetic fibers.

The needled fabric has at least on the inlet side of the filter element 2 a smooth breathable layer of amorphous synthetic polymeric material, which in one embodiment transitions from its amorphous state to the shape of synthetic fibers forming at least part of the needled fabric structure. For example, if the web is formed from a blend of polyester fibers and wool, the synthetic fibers form part of the needled fabric structure. A smooth, breathable layer is formed by thermally melting the synthetic fibers found on the surface of the needled fabric. The smooth breathable layer of the second embodiment thereof is in the form of a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene film laminated to the surface of the needled fabric; its mass here does not pass into the shape of the fibers forming the fleece of the needled fabric.

The embodiment of the multi-cap filter cartridge and its arrangement in the industrial filter according to the invention makes it possible to effectively capture solid impurities from the flowing air mass in virtually all. industrial areas, not only by means of filters and regeneration carried out by ambient air purging, but also by purified air or compressed air backwash and possibly other types of regeneration. The simple self-balancing of the filter element elongation allows the use of filter materials with relatively high ductility. Simple cut and the resulting undemanding

242 625 correction processing of a multi-cap filter cartridge, wherein the length of the seams per unit of active filter surface as well as the rapid assembly and disassembly of the cartridge in the filter under working conditions are minimized, are further advantages of the invention.

Example 1

The inventive filter was subjected to a long-term operational test. Equipped with four multi-capsule filter inserts made of 300 g / m polyester fiber with a total filtration area of ​​100 m 'and swinging suspended internal and external span reinforcements, the dust collection from the feed shift production reached 14 550 hours of operation after 1450 hours of operation. blunt^toonceiⁿ; jraci ^0,0272 mg / m^P, at ^tLíkov^E loss of 1.56 kPa. The filter pockets were continuously self-tensioned by a layer of dust that was formed and gradually increased between the horizontal inner surfaces of the partition wall and the filter element fasteners^ofky, what^{ž p}O ¹4 55⁰ hours^andC^h operation of the balancing ^pr^atThe stitching of the needle punched fabric, which was 4% ♦ During the entire test operation, no maintenance was required on the filter and no single operational fault occurred.

Example 2

The inventive filter was tested in dust collection at the furniture factory. The filtering station was equipped with multi-capsule fiber inserts made of polyester fibers of 800 g / m and expanded reinforcements suspended on a partition wall, the horizontal inner surfaces of which were 4 cm wide. RLltroval vz^d59 at the age of 59 ⁶⁰⁰ m / h at a pressure drop of the filter of 8.64 kPa and an output concentration of 0.070 mg / m &amp; lt; -1 &amp; gt ;. The purified air returned to the working areas, which in the winter measurement resulted in energy savings. The stitching of the needle-punched fabric, which after 1.5 years of test operation was 1.5%, was automatically leveled by a layer of stored dust forming on the surface of the horizontal interior surfaces of the partition wall below the filter element fasteners.

242 625

Example 3

Another industrial filter according to the invention, equipped with a single 8-cap filter insert made of polypropylene needled fabric, was tested for 30 months to collect dust coming from the bulk bagging line. The filter element was firmly fixed by its sealing collars by means of a sealing frame to the filter dividing wall on which the inner and outer expansions were hinged. Throughout the test period, the filter cartridge was automatically held tensioned by a layer of dust pressed during operation between the inner faces of the partition wall and the filter insert connectors. It compensated for the extension of the vertical wall of the pockets, which reached 3.6 cm, which was 3% of the length of the entire pocket. The output end after 30 months of operation was 0.00254 mg / Pg at a flow rate of 2,900 m ^ / h through a 25 m ^ filtration area and a pressure drop of 7 69 69 kPa. The purified air was returned to the work areas during the winter months.

In all of these filters, the inlet sides of the filter inserts were provided with a smooth, breathable layer of amorphous synthetic polymer mass, formed by thermally melting the synthetic fibers on the surface of the needled fabric.