Positioning method of cutting tool

Cutting tool adjustment method

The present invention relates to a cutting process in which a mirror surface cutting tool (hereinafter abbreviated as a tool) and a material to be cut (hereinafter abbreviated as a workpiece) are used to replicate the motion trajectory on the surface of the workpiece, for example, in turning or moving tools How to adjust the cutting tools used in machining.

In recent years, the positioning adjustment of cutting tools, especially in mirror cutting (SPDT: SinglePoint Diamond Turning), requires high precision, so it has to rely on the manual work of skilled workers on the machine tool.

Next, the positioning of the conventional cutting tool will be explained.

Figure 4 shows a conventional cutting tool positioning method.

Fig. 4 shows a front view and a plan view of the processing part during turning.

In FIG. 4, 61 is a cutting tool, 62 is a workpiece, and 63 is a workpiece rotation axis fixture, which has the function of clamping and rotating the workpiece from both ends. 64 is a tool table, 65 is a posture adjustment fixing screw in the X direction, and 66 is a posture adjustment fixing screw in the Z direction. The cutting tool 61 can be fixed on the tool table 64 by the fixing screw 65 and the fixing screw 66. 67 is the feeding table, 68 is the posture adjustment fixing screw in the θ direction, 69 is the feeding rail, and 70 is the feeding direction. By fixing the fixing table 64 to the feeding table 67 with the fixing screw 65, it is on the feeding guide 69 Straight movement, as a result, the cutting tool 61 can be moved in the feeding direction 70. By rotating the workpiece 62 and moving the cutting tool 61 in the feed direction 70 while acting on the workpiece, surface processing can be performed. However, in mirror processing, the positional relationship between the tool posture and the workpiece rotation axis (several μm) must be maintained with high precision. (Accuracy) and the angle relationship (accuracy in a few seconds). For this reason, a skilled worker of mirror processing relies on intuition and experience to adjust the fixing screw 65, the fixing screw 66, and the fixing screw 68 while performing the processing on the machine tool to ensure the posture of the mirror surface in this way.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional structure, there is a problem that it relies too much on the intuition and experience of the skilled worker, and because the adjustment work is performed on the machine tool, the reproducibility of the work is lacking, and the operation rate of the processing equipment is also increased. decline.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its object is to provide a cutting tool adjustment method that does not require proficiency in tool posture adjustment work and can improve the operating rate of processing equipment.

In order to achieve this objective, the cutting tool adjustment method of the present invention is characterized by using a counter-object interference microscope to adjust the three-dimensional posture of the cutting tool on a cutting tool holder in which the cutting tool is installed and in an offline state, and then The adjusted cutting tool holder is installed on the processing machine tool.

With this structure, the object interference microscope can be fixed according to the posture of the cutting tool suitable for mirror cutting. In this way, when the cutting tool deviates from the position or angle during mirror cutting, the offset will appear in the form of interference fringes. , So it can be adjusted. The accuracy can be improved by observing the clearance surface of the mirror cutting tool by using an object interference microscope.

Brief description of the drawings: Fig. 1(a) is a front view of the processing part during turning using a cutting tool holder in the cutting tool positioning device of the present invention.

Fig. 1(b) is a top view of the processed part in Fig. 1(a).

Figure 2 is a front view of the cutting tool positioning device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the cutter head of the cutting tool positioning device of the present invention.

Fig. 4(a) is a front view of a processing part showing a conventional cutting tool positioning method.

Fig. 4(b) is a top view of the processed part in Fig. 4(a).

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view and a plan view of a processed part during turning. In Figure 1, 11 is a cutting tool, 12 is a workpiece, 13 is a workpiece rotation axis fixture, which has the function of clamping and rotating the workpiece 12 from both ends, 14 is a tool holder, 15 is a fixing screw, and 16 is a feed The table, 17 is the tool holder abutting surface x, 18 is the tool holder abutting surface y, the tool holder 14 is fixed to the feeding table with the fixing screw 15 in a state in which the tool holder 14 is in close contact with the abutting surface 17 and the abutting surface 18 16 and move it to the feeding direction 19. By rotating the workpiece 12 and moving the cutting tool 11 in the feed direction 19 while acting on the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece 12 is processed in this way. Since the tip posture of the cutting tool 11 is adjusted in advance based on the abutting surface 17 and the abutting surface 18, mirror processing can be performed immediately after the tool holder is exchanged.

Next, the method of adjusting the cutting tool bit will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Figure 2 is a front view of the cutting tool positioning device of the present invention. In addition, Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the head of the knife. In Figure 2, 21 is a cutting tool, 22 is a cutting tool holder that can adjust and fix the three-dimensional posture of the cutting tool 21, 23 is a counter-object interference microscope, and 24 is a repeatable reproduction of the cutting tool holder 22 with respect to the counter-object interference microscope 23 A fixed platform that is well fixed in the same position, 25 is a monitor, and 26 is an interference fringe. In addition, in FIG. 3, 27 is the clearance surface of the tip, 28 is the front face of the tip, and 29 is the second clearance surface of the tip.

The position and angle of the clearance face 27 of the tool tip that can perform mirror cutting are determined at one time by the shape and the number of interference fringes 26 traced on the monitor 25 by the object interference microscope 23. Therefore, on the contrary, in order to make the posture of the cutting tool 21 match the position and angle at which mirror cutting can be performed, it is necessary to make the shape and number of the interference fringes 26 of the clearance face 27 of the tool bit the same as the former. Since the cutting tool holder 22 can be fixed on the fixed table 24 with good repeatability, the position and angle of the tool head clearance surface 27 can reach high accuracy (10 μm or less, within 5 seconds).

Table 1 is a feature comparison between the cutting tool positioning device of this embodiment and the conventional cutting tool positioning method.

Table 1

It can be seen from Table 1 that the use of the cutting tool positioning device of this embodiment and the cutting tool adjustment method of the present invention can achieve good effects in reducing the number of adjustments on the processing machine tool and improving the operation rate of the equipment.

In summary, the present invention has a cutting tool holder that can be taken out of the processing machine tool and can adjust and fix the three-dimensional posture of the cutting tool, an object interference microscope, and the cutting tool holder can be fixed to the object interference microscope with good repeatability and reproducibility. The fixed table in the same position, and in the offline state, use the object interference microscope to adjust the 3D posture of the cutting tool mounted on the tool holder, and then install the tool holder after the tool posture is adjusted on the processing machine tool The cutting process can be performed immediately afterwards, so the tool posture adjustment that does not require skilled skills is possible, and because it is an offline adjustment (adjustment after being removed from the processing machine), it is not necessary to prepare multiple cutting racks. It needs to be adjusted on the processing machine to make the operation rate reach the highest possible level.