Coordinating communication for multiple wireless communication protocols co-located in a single electronic device

Information related to a divisional application for coordinated communication of multiple wireless communication protocols placed in a single electronic device. This case is a divisional application. The parent case of this division is an invention patent whose application date is July 11, 2006, application number is 200680032035 7. The invention title is "Coordinated communication for multiple wireless communication protocols co-located in a single electronic device" Application case.

Cross-reference to related applications. This application claims a U.S. provisional patent titled METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR INTERWORKING VOICE AND DATA APPLICATIONS under 35U.SC§119(e) and filed on July 11, 2005 with serial number 60/698,510. For the benefit of the application, the entire content of the application is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD The following description generally relates to wireless communication, and particularly relates to coordinating communication within an electronic device that communicates using two or more separate communication protocols.

BACKGROUND Many electronic devices utilize multiple communication protocols. For example, a laptop computer may use a wireless personal area network (WPAN) (e.g., Bluetooth) to connect the laptop computer to a wireless mouse, wireless keyboard, and the like. In addition, the laptop computer may include an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b or 802.11g device to allow the laptop computer to communicate with a wireless local area network (WLAN). WLAN has become increasingly popular. It is no surprise that people have established WLANs in their homes. In addition, WLAN has been widely used in coffee shops, libraries and other public and private places. Mobile phones have also begun to utilize multiple communication protocols, such as cellular, WLAN, and Bluetooth protocols. Mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have become multifunctional devices that provide e-mail, Internet access, and traditional cellular communications. Mobile phones can also use WPAN to communicate with headsets or other devices.

Certain wireless communication protocols overlap each other in their operating frequency range. For example, Bluetooth and IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices share the same frequency spectrum. Bluetooth is a standard communication protocol that realizes data transmission within a range of about ten meters. Both Bluetooth and IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices operate in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band between 2.4 GHz and 2.4835 GHz. Bluetooth device transmission uses a bandwidth of approximately 1MHz and skips 79MHz of the ISM band. The Bluetooth device utilizes a frequency hopping spread spectrum technology that can change the signal approximately 1600 times per second. The IEEE 802.1 lb/g device operates at a fixed frequency, that is, three One of two non-overlapping 22MHz channels, or 16.7Mhz if the device uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Therefore, the Bluetooth transmission will be transmitted on one of the channels utilized by the IEEE 802.11b/g device and there is about a 28% probability of interfering with the WLAN transmission (22 channels utilized by the IEEE 802.11b/g device/79 channels in total).

In order to reduce the possibility of conflicts, Bluetooth version 1.2 stipulates an adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) scheme. During AFH, Bluetooth transmission avoids the IEEE 802.11b/g channel and hops on the remaining spectrum available for Bluetooth transmission. However, at that time, quite a few devices incorporated the AFH scheme. In addition, when the Bluetooth device transmitter and the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device transmitter are placed side by side in a wireless communication device (for example, a handset), even when the device is transmitting and receiving at different frequencies, the signal from one device Power can also interfere with another device.

When Bluetooth is in close proximity to the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device transceiver, the signal being transmitted from the first device can enable the second communication

The low noise amplifier (LNA) of the signal device saturates, resulting in a decrease in the sensitivity of the receiver of the second device. The transmission power of the IEEE 802.11b/g device is approximately 17dBm. However, the device operates within a range of up to 30 meters. Therefore, the power at the receiver is very small. Generally, Bluetooth uses 10dB to 15dB lower power than IEEE 802.11b/g devices, but the range of Bluetooth devices is extremely short and therefore the power at the receiver is relatively large. Therefore, if the IEEE 802.11b/g device is receiving packets while the Bluetooth device is transmitting, the transmission energy of the Bluetooth device will overflow into the transceiver of the IEEE 802.11b/g device and reduce the sensitivity of the receiver. The decrease in receiver sensitivity can cause signal loss and communication failure. The juxtaposition of communication devices may include: using the same antenna, on the same circuit board or coupled circuit board, on the same chip or coupled chip set, and combinations thereof.

The juxtaposition of Bluetooth devices and IEEE 802.11b/g devices can cause signal interruption and data loss. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent communication failure when the Bluetooth device is collocated with the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device.

SUMMARY The following presents a brief summary of one or more embodiments to provide a basic understanding of the embodiments. The summary is not an extensive overview of all covered embodiments, and is neither intended to identify key or critical elements of all embodiments, nor is it intended to define the scope of any or all embodiments. Its sole purpose is to provide some concepts about one or more embodiments in a condensed form as a prelude to the more detailed description presented below.

According to one or more embodiments and corresponding disclosures, various aspects are described in conjunction with coordination of multiple wireless communication protocols in a mobile device. A single mobile device can contain multiple communication components (for example: Bluetooth components, IEEE

802.1 lb/g component). To prevent interference and possible data loss, one communication component can be prevented from transmitting or receiving data packets while another communication component is transmitting or receiving. The components can be coordinated by a central controller located in the mobile device. Alternatively, the communication components may exchange messages to determine transmission or reception priority. In addition, one communication component can monitor the status of another communication component to determine unused communication time slots.

According to related aspects, a method for coordinating communication for multiple wireless communication protocols in the same electronic device may include: detecting the assignment of at least one time slot of wireless communication to the electronic device using the first communication protocol; and controlling the use of the first communication protocol. The wireless communication of the electronic device of the second communication protocol avoids conflicts with the wireless communication according to the first communication protocol. In addition, the method may include: requesting reassignment of at least one time slot assigned to the first communication protocol; canceling data packet transmission in response to the request; and reassigning at least one time slot based on the request The second communication protocol. The method may further include: determining a frequency hopping schedule for the first communication protocol; and using a zero-value filter to filter the wireless communication according to the first communication protocol to avoid interference with the wireless communication according to the second communication protocol. In addition, the method may include: monitoring the radio frequency (RF) power of the first communication component using the first communication protocol or the serial bus interface (SBI) connected to the first communication component; and determining the assignment to the first communication component At least one time slot of a communication component.

According to another aspect, a wireless communication may include a processor configured to control communication according to a first communication protocol and a second communication protocol. The processor is further configured to control transmission and reception according to the second communication protocol to avoid conflicts with transmission or reception in one or more time slots assigned to the first communication protocol. The processor may request the reassignment of one or more time slots assigned to the first communication protocol. The first communication component may cancel data packet transmission or reception based on the request and may reassign one or more time slots to the second communication protocol.

According to yet another aspect, an apparatus for coordinating communication with respect to multiple wireless communication protocols in an electronic device may include: a detection device, which is used to detect the transmission or communication of a first communication component that uses the first communication protocol in the electronic device. The received assignment of at least one time slot; and a control device for controlling the second communication in the electronic device using the second communication protocol

The transmission and reception of the components avoid conflicts with the transmission or reception of the first communication component. In addition, the apparatus may include: request means for requesting reassignment of at least one time slot assigned to the first communication component; cancellation means for canceling data packet transmission in response to the request; and reassignment A device for reassigning at least one time slot to the second communication component based on the request.

Another aspect relates to a computer-readable medium on which computer-executable instructions are stored, the computer-executable instructions are used to: detect the transmission or reception of at least one time slot for a first communication component using a first communication protocol Assign; and control the transmission and reception of the second communication component using the second communication protocol to avoid conflicts with the transmission or reception of the first communication component.

Another aspect clarifies a mobile device that facilitates coordinated communication for multiple wireless communication protocols in the mobile device. The mobile device includes: a first communication component using a first communication protocol, and the first communication component is assigned to At least one time slot for transmission or reception; and a second communication component using a second communication protocol. The second communication component includes a processor that controls the transmission and reception of the second communication component to avoid communication with The transmission or reception of the first communication component conflicts. In addition, the mobile device is at least one of the following devices: a cellular phone, a smart phone, a handheld communication device, a handheld computing device, a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a laptop computer, and a PDA.

Another aspect relates to a processor, which executes instructions for coordinating communication for multiple wireless communication protocols in an electronic device, and the instructions include: detecting a transmission for a first communication component using the first communication protocol in the electronic device Or the assignment of the received at least one time slot; and controlling the transmission and reception of the second communication component using the second communication protocol in the electronic device to avoid conflict with the transmission or reception of the first communication component.

To achieve the foregoing and related objects, the one or more embodiments include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the one or more embodiments. However, these aspects only represent a few of the ways in which the principles of various embodiments can be adopted and the embodiments are intended to encompass all these aspects and their equivalents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system according to various embodiments presented herein.

Figure 2 is a diagram of a wireless communication system according to one or more embodiments. Figure 3 illustrates the Bluetooth transmission and reception scheduling according to one or more aspects presented in this article.

Figure 4 illustrates a mobile device utilizing multiple Bluetooth devices in accordance with one or more aspects presented herein.

Figure 5 illustrates a method for coordinating communication between an IEEE 802.11b/g device and a Bluetooth device in accordance with one or more aspects presented herein.

Figure 6 illustrates a method for utilizing controller components to coordinate communications in accordance with one or more aspects presented herein.

Figure 7 illustrates a method for coordinating communications using sent messages between communication devices in accordance with one or more aspects presented herein.

Figure 8 is an illustration of a system for coordinating communication between multiple communication protocols in a wireless communication environment according to one or more embodiments set forth herein.

Figure 9 is an illustration of a system for coordinating communication in a wireless communication environment according to various aspects.

Figure 10 is an illustration of a wireless communication environment that can be used in conjunction with the various systems and methods described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Various embodiments will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which the same reference numbers are used throughout to refer to the same elements. In the following description, for the purpose of explanation, many specific details are clarified in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it is obvious that the embodiment(s) can be practiced without these specific details. In other illustrations, for the convenience of describing one or more embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams.

The terms "component" and "system" used in this application are intended to refer to computer-related entities, which can be hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be (but is not limited to) a process, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and/or a computer running on a processor. One or more components may reside in a process and/or thread of execution, and the components may be limited to one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures stored thereon. These components can communicate through local and/or remote processes, such as communication based on a signal with one or more data packets (e.g., from an interaction with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and/or Or data from components that interact with other systems across a network (for example, the Internet) through signals).

In addition, various embodiments are described herein in connection with a subscriber station. A subscriber station may also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, mobile station, mobile device, remote station, access point, base station, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user equipment. The subscriber station can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless connection capability, or other connected to a wireless modemProcessing device. Processing device. Processing device.

In addition, standard programming and/or engineering design techniques can be used to implement the various aspects or features described herein as a method, device, or article of manufacture. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or medium. For example, computer-readable media may include (but are not limited to) magnetic storage devices (for example, hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strip...), compact disk (for example, compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)...) , Smart cards, and flash memory devices (such as cards, sticks, key drives).

Reference is now made to FIG. 1, which illustrates a wireless communication system 100 according to various embodiments presented herein. The system 100 may include one or more access points 102 that receive, transmit, retransmit (etc.) wireless communication signals between each other and/or for one or more mobile devices 104. Each access point 102 may include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain. Those skilled in the art will understand that each of the transmitter chain and the receiver chain may include information associated with signal transmission and reception. Multiple components (for example: processor, modulator, multiplexer, demodulator, demultiplexer, antenna, etc.).

The mobile device 104 may include multiple communication components 106 capable of communicating across different protocols (for example, Bluetooth and 802.11b/g)_oIt should be understood that the mobile device 104 may include N communication components 106, where N is an integer. Coordinating the transmission and reception of the communication component 106 can provide simultaneous communication across multiple communication protocols and mitigate signal interference and data loss. It should be understood that the communication component 106 may be hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The mobile device 104 may be, for example, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a handheld communication device, a handheld computing device, a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a PDA, and/or any other suitable wireless system 100 communication devices.

In the wireless system 100, small data packets called beacons are periodically transmitted from the access point 102 to announce the existence of the wireless system and transmit system information. The mobile device 104 senses the beacon and attempts to establish a wireless connection to the access point 102.

Figure 2 illustrates a system 200 that includes a WLAN associated with a wireless local area network (LAN). An access point 102 communicates with a mobile device 104. Although only a single access point 102 is illustrated for brevity, the WLAN may include multiple access points

102. The access point 102 is connected to an Ethernet hub or switch 202. The Ethernet hub 202 can be connected to one or more electronic devices 204, including: personal computers, peripheral devices (for example, fax machines, copiers, printers, scanners, etc.), servers, and so on. The Ethernet hub 202 can also be connected to a router 206, which transmits data packets to the modem 208. The modem 208 may transmit data packets to a wide area network (WAN) 210, such as the Internet. Alternatively, the router 206, the Ethernet hub 202, and the access point 102 may be combined in a single wireless router. System 200 illustrates a single simple network configuration. As those skilled in the art should understand, many additional configurations including alternative electronic devices are possible.

The WLAN system illustrated in Figure 2 can be used together with the Internet Telephony Protocol (VoIP) to provide telephone services. VoIP is a system in which the Internet is used as a telephone network. Voice information is transmitted in the form of data packets called voice packets in this article. In one or more embodiments, mobile devices (eg, mobile phones) may utilize IEEE 802.11b/g devices to connect to the WLAN. The WLAN can in turn be connected to the Internet, as shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, the mobile device can use VoIP to complete a phone call. The mobile device may also include a Bluetooth device, which is located at an IEEE 802.11b/g device in the handset of, for example, a mobile phone. The mobile device may also include a headset with a Bluetooth device that communicates with the Bluetooth device in the handset. Therefore, voice packets can be received at the handset via WLAN and transmitted to the headset using the Bluetooth protocol.

In one or more embodiments, Bluetooth devices are used to coordinate transmission and reception using IEEE 802.11b/g devices. The conflict between communication protocols can be cancelled by avoiding receiving on one device while transmitting on another device, transmitting on two devices at the same time, and receiving on two devices at the same time. Although Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b/g communication protocols have been used to describe the systems and methods herein, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the systems and methods are applicable to additional communication protocols. For example, other 802.11 protocols or WAN protocols.

Figure 3 illustrates the high-quality voice HV1 transmission mode of the Bluetooth protocol. The HV1 mode uses a frame size that includes even-numbered and odd-numbered time slots with a usual length of 625 microseconds. Even-numbered time slots are allocated for transmission and odd-numbered time slots are allocated for reception. Bluetooth devices can utilize synchronous channel operation (SCO). It can be seen from FIG. 3 that during the frame period, there is a gap of about 250 microseconds between transmission and reception. This gap includes standby mode and synthesizer mode. During the two modes, IEEE

802.1 lb/g devices can transmit or receive without interfering with Bluetooth devices.

In one or more embodiments, IEEE 802.1 lb/g may transmit or receive data packets during the gap between transmission and reception by the Bluetooth device. For a large-size data packet (about 1500 bytes), the probability that an IEEE 802.11b/g device will properly receive or transmit without overlapping with the transmission or reception by the Bluetooth device is about five percent. On the contrary, the possibility of IEEE 802.1 lb/g device transmission having an impact on Bluetooth transmission is relatively small. About 80-90% of Bluetooth services are not affected by WLAN transmission. This is due to the fact that WLAN transmission and reception are relatively fast. The transmission rate of IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices is significantly faster than that of Bluetooth devices.

In one or more embodiments, the Bluetooth transmission mode can utilize Bluetooth 2.0 without encoding and including additional time slots. For example, the high-quality voice mode HV3 has an enhanced data rate of two megabits per second and provides a frame size of 16 time slots, which is approximately equal to 10 milliseconds. The first two time slots are the same as the even and odd time slots of HV1 illustrated in FIG. 3. The first time slot is allocated for transmission and the second time slot is allocated for reception, where there is a 250 microsecond gap between transmission and reception. The remaining fourteen time slots are not used. Therefore, IEEE 802.11b/g devices can use unused time slots for transmission and reception. In HV3, if the Bluetooth device is only used for voice transmission, then the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device can reach 87% throughput without the need to coordinate the transmission and reception of the Bluetooth and IEEE 802.1 lb/g device.

In one or more embodiments, the Bluetooth device mode can utilize the high-quality voice mode HV2_OHV2 uses Bluetooth 2.0 without coding_oHV2 contains 16 frame time slots, which is approximately equal to 10 milliseconds. Contrary to the above transmission mode, HV2 utilizes

The first two time slots are used for transmission and the third and fourth time slots are used for reception. This will leave twelve additional unused time slots that can be utilized by IEEE 802.11b/g devices. When using the HV2 transmission mode, if the device is only used for voice transmission, the IEEE 802.11b/g device can reach 70% throughput without coordinating the transmission and reception of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b/g devices.

In one or more additional embodiments, the Bluetooth transmission mode may include encoding. In Bluetooth 2.0 HV1, the first, second, and third time slots are allocated for transmission, and the fourth, fifth, and sixth time slots are allocated for reception. This will leave ten unused time slots in which IEEE 802.11b/g devices can transmit and receive data. If the Bluetooth device only transmits and receives voice data in the transmission mode, the IEEE 802.11b/g device can achieve 62% throughput without coordinating the transmission and reception of the Bluetooth and IEEE 802.1 lb/g device .

Referring now to FIG. 4, the mobile device can communicate with multiple Bluetooth devices. A single Bluetooth device in the mobile device can be used as a master device and can communicate with multiple slave Bluetooth devices. For example, the mobile communication system 400 may include a handset 402 of a multifunctional mobile phone, a headset 404, and a keyboard 406. The handset 402 includes a master Bluetooth device that can control communication with slave Bluetooth devices located in the headset 404 and the keyboard 406. The master Bluetooth device can communicate with the slave Bluetooth device at the same time. Alternatively, the master Bluetooth device may communicate with the slave Bluetooth device individually by quickly switching between slave Bluetooth devices. If the Bluetooth device is communicating with multiple slave units, the device may require additional frame slots to transmit and receive data packets.

Referring to Figures 5-7, the figure illustrates the method for coordinating the communication protocol. Although the method is shown and described as a series of actions for the sake of simplicity, it should be understood and understood that the method is not limited to the sequence of actions, because according to one or more embodiments, certain actions may be different Performed in the order shown and described herein and/or performed concurrently with other actions. For example, those skilled in the art will understand and know that a method can alternatively be represented as a series of related states or events (for example, in a state diagram). Furthermore, implementing a method according to one or more embodiments may not require all the actions described. In addition, although various methods have been described herein for Bluetooth and IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices, the methods are applicable to additional communication protocols and are not limited to Bluetooth and IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices.

Reference is now made to FIG. 5, which illustrates a method 500 for coordinating communication in a wireless communication environment in accordance with one or more embodiments presented herein. At 502, the presence of both a Bluetooth device and an 802.1 lb/g device in the mobile device is detected. At 504, a transmission and reception schedule for the Bluetooth device is determined. Based on the scheduling of the Bluetooth device, it is determined at 506

Transmission and reception of 802.1 lb/g devices. Generally, Bluetooth devices have quite strict transmission and reception scheduling, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Therefore, it is more practical to adapt the transmission and reception of the 802.1 lb/g device instead of modifying the transmission and reception schedule for the Bluetooth device.

Figure 6 illustrates a method 600 for coordinating communications in a wireless communication environment in accordance with one or more embodiments presented herein. In one or more aspects, the controller component can control both WLAN and Bluetooth transmissions. The controller component may be implemented in a processor that controls the wireless communication device. For example, the controller component may be located in the processor of the handset of the mobile phone. The mobile phone can use VoIP via WLAN and headsets using Bluetooth devices. At 602, the controller component detects the presence of Bluetooth and 802.1 lb/g devices. At 604, the controller component determines certain system parameters. For example, the WLAN may require a minimum throughput to ensure sufficient data transmission. The controller component can schedule voice and data packets based on quality of service or other parameters, and at the same time prevent simultaneous WLAN and Bluetooth reception and transmission. The controller component can access the media access control (MAC) layer of the WLAN and the Bluetooth data packet at 606 to determine the type of data in the packet. Depending on the data type, the controller component can reschedule voice or data packets. In one or more aspects, an 802.1 lb/g device can act as a controller component and coordinate WLAN and Bluetooth transmission and reception.

In one or more further aspects, the controller component may be implemented at the access point. Due to the relatively small transmission area of WPAN, the access point may not be able to detect the presence of Bluetooth devices. However, the 802.11b/g device in the mobile device can notify the access point that there is a Bluetooth device in order to coordinate the communication protocol. The access point can schedule multiple Bluetooth devices, but does not need to synchronize the Bluetooth devices with each other. The access point only needs to coordinate collocated 802.11b/g devices and Bluetooth devices.

In one or more other embodiments, the beacon interval of the access point may be divided between WLAN and Bluetooth transmissions. The beacon interval is the time between beacons transmitted by the access point. The beacon interval can be divided into a WLAN interval and a Bluetooth interval to achieve communication between two devices. The access point may schedule the WLAN interval, followed by the Bluetooth interval, but it may not necessarily be scheduled in the stated order.

In one or more aspects, the Bluetooth device scheduling remains practically unchanged, but the WLAN transmission is manipulated to avoid conflicts with the Bluetooth device. Therefore, whether the coordination component is implemented as a separate controller component in an 802.11b/g device or any other possible implementation, it should first detect the existence of the Bluetooth device and determine the transmission schedule for the Bluetooth device before scheduling the WLAN transmission. To determine the Bluetooth transmission and reception schedule, the coordination component can monitor the RF power sent by the Bluetooth device to identify the transmission and reception time slots. Once the coordination component determines the time slot used by the Bluetooth device, it can calculate the timing of the unused time slot and schedule WLAN transmission and reception during the time slot.

In one or more aspects, the coordination component may monitor the serial bus interface (SBI) for messages between the Bluetooth device and the mobile device's central processing unit (for example, a mobile station modem chipset (MSM) in a mobile phone). ). Before transmission and reception, the Bluetooth device and the mobile device central processing unit can exchange messages. Therefore, these messages can be used to determine the approximate timing of transmission and reception activities. The coordination component can schedule the transmission and reception of the IEEE 802.11b/g device to avoid conflicts with the transmission and reception of the Bluetooth device.

Reference is now made to FIG. 7, which illustrates a method 700 for coordinating communication in a wireless communication environment according to one or more embodiments presented herein. In one or more aspects, IEEE 802.11b/g devices and Bluetooth devices can exchange messages to coordinate WLAN and Bluetooth communication protocols. Both Bluetooth devices and IEEE 802.11b/g devices include a processor and a controller capable of managing messages between the devices. In some embodiments, to promote interoperability, the IEEE 802.11b/g device sends a message containing information about the beacon periodicity and beacon length to the Bluetooth device at 702. The message can be sent regardless of whether there is an ongoing voice call.

When the Bluetooth device initiates communication, the Bluetooth device may send a message containing information about the transmission format to the 802.11b/g device at 704. For example, in a mobile phone using a headset, when a voice call has been established, the Bluetooth device may include information about the voice quality standard used (for example, HV1, HV2, HV3) and the number of time slots to be used by the Bluetooth device The message is sent to the 802.11b/g device. At 706, the 802.11b/g device schedules WLAN voice packet transmission to avoid conflicts with Bluetooth device transmission and reception.

In addition, IEEE 802.11b/g devices can send messages to Bluetooth devices requesting time slots_OThe IEEE 802.11b/g device message may include information about the periodicity, length, and service times of the beacon. It is important for IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices to receive beacons from access ports to maintain WLAN communication. Beacons contain registration and other important information. If the IEEE 802.11b/g device cannot receive the beacon through the WLAN due to Bluetooth transmission or reception, the IEEE 802.11b/g device may request the Bluetooth device to stagger the time slot assignment to allow the beacon reception. In these cases, the Bluetooth device can recognize and re-allocate time slots from the current Bluetooth schedule so as not to interfere with high-priority WLAN services, such as beacons. In addition, WLAN can send requests to Bluetooth to reschedule time slot assignments to allow WLAN transmissions caused by service quality requests, emergency call requests, or other similar types of requests. The Bluetooth device can be rescheduled to produce a delay of approximately ten milliseconds. This can cause glitches in voice calls.

In one or more further embodiments, the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device may send a message to the Bluetooth device to indicate the beacon periodicity and beacon length before establishing the call, and then monitor the Bluetooth transmission implemented through the SBI interface. When the voice call has been initiated, the Bluetooth device determines the appropriate transmission format and time slot and sends a message containing the voice quality (for example, HV1, HV2, etc.) and the number of time slots the Bluetooth device will use to the IEEE 802.11b/g device. Thereafter, the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device monitors the SBI interface between the MSM and the Bluetooth device. The MSM sends the packet to the Bluetooth device just before the transmission and sends a packet end message to the Bluetooth device when the transmission is completed. The MSM receives the packet start and packet end messages to be received by the Bluetooth device. Therefore, IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices can calculate the approximate timing of Bluetooth device transmission and reception by monitoring SBI interface messages.

In one or more further embodiments, MSM can provide common timing for both Bluetooth devices and IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices. Once both devices have common timing, monitoring SBI is no longer necessary. The device can determine its allocated time slot without using a trigger message.

In one or more aspects, the Bluetooth device time slot assignment is circuit-like and the slave device on the allocated time slot cannot easily preempt the medium access. In this case, it is difficult to change the time slot assignment during voice communication. The Bluetooth device can interrupt the call and reinitialize the voice packet transmission to change the time slot assignment. To prevent coordination problems, the IEEE 802. llb/g device should schedule the voice service away from the time slot allocated by Bluetooth, and the Bluetooth device should control transmission and reception to less than 50% of the time.

In one or more alternative embodiments, the Bluetooth device and the IEEE 802.1 lb/g device may include a control signal so that the signal is set high when the Bluetooth device is transmitting or receiving voice packets or data packets. Once the transmission or reception of the voice or data packet is complete, the signal returns to low. Similarly, an IEEE 802.1 lb/g device may contain a signal to the Bluetooth device indicating when to transmit or receive a WLAN transmission.

In one or more embodiments, the IEEE 802. llb/g device can use a filter to eliminate conflicts with Bluetooth device transmissions. Bluetooth device transmission is a narrowband (1MHz) interference to the wideband channel (22/20MHZ) of the WLAN receiver. The WLAN receiver can use a programmable notch filter to disable Bluetooth transmission. In order to invalidate the Bluetooth transmission, the WLAN receiver will need to determine the Bluetooth hopping pattern and timing to track the interference. Tracking and calculating the frequency hopping of Bluetooth transmission requires additional signal processing, which significantly increases the complexity of the WLAN connection.

[0058] In one or more other embodiments, the IEEE 802. 11b/g device utilizes an unscheduled automatic power saving delivery (UAPSD) mode to avoid transmission or reception during the time slot allocated to the Bluetooth device. In UAPSD mode, IEEE 802.11b/g devices enter sleep mode when they are not transmitting or receiving packets. The IEEE 802.1 lb/g device wakes up autonomously. Although originally intended as a power saving feature, UAPSD mode can be used to prevent IEEE 802.1 lb/g devices from conflicting with Bluetooth devices. In UAPSD mode, the IEEE 802. 11b/g device will enter sleep mode during the Bluetooth transmission/reception cycle. When the transmission/reception cycle is complete, the IEEE 802.11b/g device will send a "trigger" message to the WLAN access point. Once the trigger is received, the access point will send all voice packets or data packets that the IEEE 802.11b/g device has stored for the device when it is in sleep mode. In this way, JEEE 802.1 lb/g devices can avoid interference with Bluetooth transmission and reception.

In one or more alternative embodiments, the IEEE 802. llb/g device may use the scheduled APSD mode to avoid interference with Bluetooth transmission and reception. If the scheduled APSD is utilized, the IEEE 802.11b/g device requests scheduled transmission and reception from the access point. The scheduled transmission and reception are scheduled so as not to interfere with Bluetooth transmission and reception.

It should be understood that according to one or more embodiments described herein, multiple inferences regarding transmission format, frequency, etc. can be made. As used herein, the term "inference" generally refers to a process of inferring or inferring the state of the system, environment, and/or user based on a set of observations captured by events and/or data. For example, inference can be used to identify a specific context or action

Operation, or can generate a probability distribution about the state. Inference can be probabilistic, that is, the probability distribution about the state of interest is calculated based on the consideration of data and events. Inference can also refer to techniques used to compose higher-level events from a set of events and/or data. This inference can cause a new event or action to be constructed from a set of observed events and/or stored event data, regardless of whether the events are related in close proximity in time, and whether the events and data come from one or From several events and data sources.

According to examples, one or more of the methods presented above may include making inferences about the existence of Bluetooth devices, the transmission format of any Bluetooth devices, and so on. It should be understood that the foregoing examples are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the number of inferences that can be made or the manner in which these inferences can be made in combination with the various embodiments and/or methods described herein.

Figure 8 is an illustration of a system 800 that facilitates coordinated communications between multiple communication protocols in a wireless communication environment in accordance with one or more embodiments set forth herein. The system 800 may reside in an access point and/or in a user device. The system 800 includes a receiver 802 that receives a signal from, for example, a receiving antenna, and performs typical actions (such as filtering, amplifying, down-converting, etc.) on the received signal and digitizing the conditioned signal to obtain samples. The demodulator 804 may obtain the received symbols for each symbol period, and provide the received symbols to the processor 806.

The processor 806 may be a processor dedicated to analyzing the information received by the receiver component 802 and/or generating information for transmission by the transmitter 816. The processor 806 may be a processor that controls one or more components of the user device 800, and/or may be one that analyzes the information received by the receiver 802, generates information for transmission by the transmitter 816, and controls the user device 800 Or multiple components of the processor. The processor 806 may include a controller component capable of coordinating communication with additional user devices. The processor 806 may include an optimization component (not shown) that coordinates communications using multiple communication protocols. It should be understood that the optimization component may include optimization code that implements utility-based analysis in conjunction with assigning time slots for data packet transmission and reception. The optimization code may utilize an artificial intelligence-based method that is related to the implementation of inference and/or combined with the probabilistic determination of optimized slot assignment and/or statistical-based determination.

The user device 800 may additionally include a memory 808, which is operatively coupled to the processor 806 and may store information related to coordinated communication and any other suitable information. The memory 808 may additionally store protocols associated with coordinated communication. It should be understood that the data storage components (eg, memory) described herein may be volatile or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash Memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can have many forms, such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM ( ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 808 in the system and method is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory. User equipment 800 may further include symbol modulation A transmitter 810 and a transmitter 812 that transmits a modulated signal.

In addition, the user device 800 may include a second receiver 814. The second receiver 814 receives a signal from, for example, a receiving antenna, and performs typical actions (such as filtering, amplifying, down-converting, etc.) on the received signal and adjusting it. The signal is digitized to obtain samples. The second demodulator 816 can obtain the received symbols for each symbol period and provide the received symbols to the processor 818. The second processor 818 may be operatively connected to the memory 808. The second processor 818 may also include an optimization component, which is similar to the optimization component described above in connection with the processor 806. The user device 800 further includes a second symbol modulator 820 and a second transmitter 822 that transmits a modulated signal.

Figure 9 is an illustration of a system 900 that facilitates coordination of communication protocols in accordance with various aspects. System 900 includes a base station or access point

902. As illustrated in the figure, the base station 902 receives signals from one or more user devices 904 through the receiving antenna 906 and transmits to the one or more user devices 904 through the transmitting antenna 908.

The base station 902 includes a receiver 910 that receives information from a receiving antenna 906 and is operatively associated with a demodulator 912 that demodulates the received information. The demodulated symbols are analyzed by a processor 914 similar to the processor described above with respect to FIG. 8. The modulator 918 may multiplex the signal transmitted by the transmitter 920 to the user device 904 through the transmitting antenna 908.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplary wireless communication system 1000. For brevity, the wireless communication system 1000 depicts a base station and a terminal. However, it should be understood that the system may include more than one base station or access point and/or more than one terminal or user device, where the additional base stations and/or terminals may be substantially similar to or different from the example described below. Base station and terminal. In addition, it should be understood that the base station and/or terminal may use the system (FIG. 8-9) and/or method (FIG. 5-7) described herein to facilitate wireless communication therebetween.

Referring now to FIG. 10, on the downlink, at an access point 1005, a transmission (TX) data processor 1010 receives, formats, encodes, interleaves, and modulates (or symbol maps) service data and provides modulation symbols (" Data symbol"). The symbol modulator 1015 receives and processes the data symbols and pilot symbols and provides a symbol stream. The symbol modulator 1015 multiplexes the data and pilot symbols and obtains a set of N transmission symbols. Each transmission symbol can be a data symbol, a pilot symbol, or a signal value of zero. The pilot symbols can be sent continuously in each symbol period. The pilot symbols can be frequency division multiplexed (FDM), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or Code Division Multiplexing (CDM). In the case of an OFDM system, the symbol modulator 1015 can use an N-point IFFT to transform each group of N transmission symbols into the time domain to obtain "transformed" symbols containing N time domain chips. The symbol modulator 1015 usually repeats a part of each transformed symbol to obtain the corresponding symbol. The repeated part is called a cyclic prefix and is used to counteract the delay spread in the wireless channel.

The transmitter unit (TMTR) 1020 receives the symbol stream and converts it into one or more analog signals, and further adjusts (such as amplifying, filtering, and up-converting) the analog signals to produce a signal suitable for transmission on a wireless channel Downlink signal. Then, the downlink signal is transmitted to the terminal through the antenna 1025. At the terminal 1030, the antenna 1035 receives the downlink signal and provides the received signal to the receiver unit (RCVR) 1040. The receiver unit 1040 conditions (e.g., filters, amplifies, and downconverts) the received signal, and digitizes the conditioned signal to obtain samples. The symbol demodulator 1045 obtains N received symbols and provides the received pilot symbols to the processor 1050 for channel estimation. The symbol demodulator 1045 further receives the frequency response estimate value of the downlink from the processor 1050, and performs data demodulation on the received data symbol to obtain the data symbol estimate value (the data symbol estimate value is an estimate of the transmitted data symbol). Value), and provide the data symbol estimate to the RX data processor 1055, which demodulates (ie symbol demapping), deinterleaves, and decodes the data symbol estimate to restore the transmitted Business data. The processing performed by the symbol demodulator 1045 and the RX data processor 1055 are complementary to the processing performed by the symbol modulator 1015 and the TX data processor 1010 at the access point 1005, respectively.

On the uplink, the TX data processor 1060 processes service data and provides data symbols. The symbol modulator 1065 receives and multiplexes the data symbols and pilot symbols, modulates them, and provides a symbol stream. Then, the transmitter unit 1070 receives and processes the symbol stream to generate an uplink signal that is transmitted by the antenna 1035 to the access point 1005.

At the access point 1005, the uplink signal from the terminal 1030 is received by the antenna 1025, and the uplink signal is processed by the receiver unit 1075 to obtain samples. Then, the symbol demodulator 1080 processes the samples and provides estimates of the received pilot symbols and data symbols of the uplink. The RX data processor 1085 processes the estimated value of the data symbol,

To restore the service data transmitted by the terminal 1030. The processor 1090 performs channel estimation for each active terminal transmitting on the uplink.

The processors 1090 and 1050 guide (eg, control, coordinate, manage, etc.) operations at the access point 1005 and the terminal 1030, respectively. The processors 1090 and 1050 may be respectively associated with memory units (not shown) that store program codes and data. The processors 1090 and 1050 can also perform calculations to derive uplink and downlink frequency and impulse response estimates, respectively.

For multiplexing systems (for example, FDMA, OFDMA, CDMA, TDMA, etc.), multiple terminals can transmit simultaneously on the uplink. For this kind of system, the pilot subbands can be shared among different terminals. The channel estimation technique can be used in situations where the pilot subband of each terminal spans the entire operating frequency band (except possibly at the edge of the frequency band). In order to obtain the frequency diversity of each terminal, this kind of pilot subband structure will be needed. The techniques described herein can be implemented by various devices. For example, these technologies can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit used for channel estimation can be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processors (DSP), digital signal processing devices (DSPD), programmable logic devices (PLD), field Programmable gate array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other electronic unit designed to implement the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For software, it can be implemented through modules (such as programs, functions, etc.) that implement the functions described herein. The software codes can be stored in a memory unit and executed by the processors 1090 and 1050.

For a software implementation, modules (for example, programs, functions, etc.) that implement the functions described herein can be used to implement the techniques described herein. The software codes can be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit may be implemented in the processor or outside the processor. In the latter case, the memory unit may be communicatively coupled to the processor through various devices known in the art .

The foregoing includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe every conceivable combination of various components or methods for the purpose of describing the foregoing embodiments, but those skilled in the art can recognize that various embodiments may also have many other combinations and permutations. . Therefore, the embodiments are intended to include all these changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. In addition, with regard to the term includes used in the detailed description or the claims, the way of inclusion of the term is intended to be similar to the way that the term "comprising" is used as a transition word in the claims.

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