Method and device for producing soft solder powder without pressure

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English Translation of WO 00/00313

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING SOFT SOLDER POWDER

The invention relates to a method for producing soft solder powder without pressure, in particular exactly spherical fine metal particles with a grain range between 1 to 100 pm and with a liquidus temperature of <250 °C from massive solder, whereby the solder existing in a container is melted in an oil which remains stable at high temperature and dispersed, while the density ratio solder/oil is >2,5.

The invention relates further to a device for the pressureless production of soft solder powder, in particular exactly spherical fine metal particles in a grain size range of 1 to 100 pm and with a liquidus temperature <250 °C from massive solder, with a heatable container for melting the solder in an oil stable at high temperature.

It is known to produce soft solder powder by using massive solder metals through flow dispersion in liquids in rapidly rotating agitators.

So for instance DD 237 575 A3 describes a method for producing solder paste, whereby a solder carrier consisting of colophonium, and organic solvent, a compound with reducing action and triethanolamine is mixed with soldermetal. In a receiver which can be cooled or heated by choice with an agitator the solder carrier is produced at 50 °C by stirring. The solder metal is added in a compact form to the receiver, while heating the latter to a temperature which surpasses the melting point of the solder metal by approximately 10 °C and the melted mass is dispersed by being agitated at a high speed of approximately 10000 rpm.

After that it is cooled down to approximately 20 °C below the melting point of the solder metal and the agitator is kept at a

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PCT/DE99/01901 low number of rotations per minute until it is cooled to room temperature. This known process has the disadvantages that the obtained particle size of approximately 150 pm does not result in fine metal powder. Besides the dispersed solder particles have also different diameters, i.e. they have by far a too broad grain distribution range. Therefore the known method has not proven itself on a large industrial scale, especially because it does not work continuously.

It is also known to use shearing devices working according to the rotor/stator principle for the production of emulsions (liquid/liquid) and suspensions (solid/liquid) IKA Maschinenbau-Prospekt Dispergieren, pages 22-24, 1997). These devices are used for lacquers, dyes, pharmaceutical products, metal oxide suspensions and coated masses.

<td> According to</td><td> this known</td><td> principle, as a</td><td> rule,</td><td> it</td><td colspan="2"> has to be</td>

<td> insured that</td><td> in the case</td><td> of highly viscous</td><td> media</td><td> the</td><td> media</td><td> flow</td>

<td colspan="3"> has to be sustained by conveyor aggregates,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> Furthermore</td><td> from DE 44</td><td colspan="2"> 02 042 Al a process</td><td> is</td><td> known</td><td> for</td>

producing microparticulate reflow-solder agents, whose solder metal content is present in a small grain size range. The compact solder metal is melted into an organic liquid which can be heated to high temperature, such as castor oil, and by means of a flow dispersion process, brought to a spherical symmetrical grain size range of preferably 3 to 10 pm in diameter, and the organic liquid is then removed to the extent that the metal particulate remains covered, so that it can be introduced in an emulsion and the individual particles of the suspension and emulsion are covered according to the method of complex coacervation with a melamine polymerisate within the layer thickness range of 50 to 250 nm.

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The microparticulate organic phase is then quantitatively separated from the microparticulated metal phase. This microparticulate metal powders are protected by a duroplastic polymer system, however they can be released again only through the action of a highly activated fluxing agent. These fluxing agents lead to the destruction of the microelectronic switching circuits and are therefore unsuitable.

Besides this method has been used only in laboratories and is not capable to insure a uniform sphere diameter from charge to charge .

Another known solution (US Patent 4 648 820) melts metal such as aluminium in a crucible, feeds the melted metal to a cooling chamber filled with cooling fluids, wherein by means of spinning disks the liquids metal is dispersed in drops, which again are drawn together with the cooling fluid into a recirculation cycle, whereby the latter is returned to the cooling chamber.

According to US Patent 5 411 602 the solder is melted and the melted solder is divided into drops by means of inert gas. This state of the art is also plagued by the drawback that the produced metal particles do not have uniform sphere diameters, so that in any case sorting processes are necessary in order to select metal particles of an approximately equal size having the same sphere diameter. That renders this known solution inefficient.

Given this state of the art, it is the object of the invention to improve a method and a device of the kind mentioned in the introduction, so that the metal powders produced according to the flow dispersion principle reach a narrow grain size range

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WO 00/00313 PCT/DE99/01901 clearly below 100 μπι, a precise spherical shape with an almost constant diameter, by avoiding any screening and at low cost in a quasi-continuous process.

This object is achieved with following steps:

a) gravity feeding the melted solder in a further oil container by setting a volume ratio of oil and solder melt of at least 10:1,

b) dispersion of the liquefied solder by agitating and subsequent shearing in consecutive shearing steps according to the rotor/stator principle at speeds of 1500 to 5000 rpm with the addition of oil from the container of step a),

c) circulating by at least 20 times of the solder/oil mixture of step b) in a counterflow over the oil container of step and shearing steps, whereby through the control of the shearing speed the number of the steps and the geometry of the rotor, the particle size and particle distribution of the dispersed material in the dispersant are set,

d) discharging the solder/oil mixture from the circuit of step c)into a further oil receiver for the separation of the dispersed material through sedimentation and returning the oil to the container of step b) and/or a) and

e) extracting and feeding the dispersed material of step

d) for subsequent cleaning.

According to a further preferred feature of the method of the invention, vegetable or animal oils, preferably castor oil are used as oils .

It has surprisingly been found that solder melts with an extremely high viscosity at a density rate between the

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WO 00/00313 PCT/DE99/01901 dispersed material and the dispersant of &gt;2.5 can be .separated with a shearing device without jamming the rotors in the stators and without requiring further conveying aggregates. Therefore in a further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the solder/oil mixture flows through the consecutive shearing steps in direction of gravity.

The solder/oil mixture is pressed by gravity into the inlet of the first shearing step, where it enters the inner space of the first rotor and reaches the crenelated shearing openings of the first rotors, flows through the slots of the stators surrounding the first rotor and thereby being radially pressed into the inlet space of the second shearing step. By moving the rotor slots past the stator slots, due to the high peripheral speeds very high shearing forces are created, which separate the solder enveloped by the oil. Depending on the number and breadth of the slot openings in the individual shearing steps, the speed and the geometry of the rotors, it is possible to control the size of the solder particles at selected temperatures. Due to the high shearing forces the special advantage persists that the solder/oil mixture is conveyed to the circuit of step c).

After a circulation of at least 20 times, and consequently repeated shearing, particles of clearly less than 100 gm.

In a further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the process temperature in steps b) and c) is set by approximately a maximum 30 °C above the liquidus temperature of the solder and the oil temperature of step d) at approximately 90 to 130 ^ÜC through the heat-carrying medium.

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In the case the density ratio of dispersed material to the dispersant is higher than &gt;2.5, the solder/oil mixture is additionally agitated.

A further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention provides that the individual steps be supplied by separate heating/cooling circuits. Of course when several steps are combined, it is part of the method of the invention to have one common heating/cooling circuit each.

It is also conceivable to use only a single heating/cooling circuit.

In a further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, for the extraction of the dispersed material of step

e) a solvent is added, forming a suspension through agitation, which is pumped to a not represented cleaning installation for washing. As a solvent for step e) , fat-dissolving solvents, preferably acetone, have proven to be particularly suitable. The extraction of the dispersed material according to step e) can also be accomplished through gravity collection.

Further more the object of the invention is attained with a device wherein in a compact module the melt container for the massive solder and a dispersion container for the dispersion of the solder melt in oil are arranged in cascade to each another and a sedimentation tank for the separation of the dispersed solder material from oil is arranged underneath the dispersion container, and that the container are interconnected by pipe conduits, whereby within the compact module the melt container is located above the dispersion container and that to the dispersion container a multiple step shearing device is assigned for the separation of the solder melt into drops,

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Ί !

whereby the feeding pipe from the melt container to the dispersion container is connected to the dispersion container by an inclined pipe segment in the manner of an injector leading to the container bottom area, at whose lowest point a connection piece with a flange is provided for connecting the shearing device, whose outlet is flanged to the recirculation conduit returning to the upper part of the dispersion container, which via a branched-off segment ends in the sedimentation container, which in turn is connected via an ascending pipe with the upper part of the dispersion container via a pump with drain-off pipes, and that all containers, pipe conduits, the shearing device and pump can be heated or cooled by at least one tempering device.

According to a further feature of the device of the invention, all containers and pipe conduits are built as double-walled bodies of stainless steel, preferably V2A, whose intermediate spaces formed by inner and outer walls are acted upon from the tempering device with a high-temperature heat carrier oil.

A further preferred embodiment of the device of the invention provides that the dispersion container is incorporated in a separate heating/cooling circuit, and the pump, the ascending pipe and drain-off pipe are incorporated in a further separate heating/cooling circuit, the melt container with drain-off pipe, the shearing device and recirculation pipe conduit again in a separate heating/cooling circuit and additionally in a cooling circuit with a cooling container, the sedimentation container with the branched-off pipe are connected together in a separate heating/cooling circuit, whereby flexible, heatstable metal hoses constitute the respective connecting

CA 02336070 2000-12-22 pipe conduits and are respectively connected to a common

WO 00/00313 distributor,

PCT/DE99/01901 which is connected with the tempering device through a flow line and a return line.

However it is also possible to incorporate all containers, pipe conduits, setting members, connection pieces, flanges and the shearing device in a common heating/cooling circuit, without leaving the framework of the invention.

Also it pertains to the invention to use an electric heating device instead of an oil heating device.

In a further suitable development of the device of the invention, the pipe conduits and the connection piece are provided with locking elements, preferably ball valves made of stainless steel.

In a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, the shearing device consists of several, preferably three rotors arranged corotationally on a drive shaft which have teeth spaced apart by slots, whereby the rotors are inserted into a stator separating the shearing steps from each other and insured against rotation, which has teeth spaced apart by slots, whereby during the rotation of the rotor, the slots in the rotor and stator clear passage openings for the passage of the solder/oil mixture into the subsequent shearing step .

In a further preferred embodiment of the device of the invention, the teeth of the rotor and stator form circles of teeth, which are arranged concentrically with respect to each other and fitted into each other.

According to a further preferred feature of the device of the invention, the shearing device is arranged in a vertical

CA 02336070 2000-12-22 position in alignment with the axis of the dispersion container, whereby the solder/oil mixture is independently sucked axially into the inlet of the shearing device and pressed radially through the slots of the rotor-stator arrangement.

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At bigger density differences between dispersed material and dispersant, particularly at a ratio &gt;2.5, the dispersion container is suitably provided with an agitator.

In the sedimentation container there is an insert with a collection basket for collection and separation of the solder particles from the process. Thereby the collection basket is located close to the bottom of the sedimentation container, so that due to gravity the solder particles drop into the collection basket, which can then later be removed from the sedimentation container .

According to a further preferred feature, instead of the drainoff pipe and the collection basket an agitator leading through the container cover of the sedimentation container and a height-adjustable dip pipe which reaches down with one end close to the container bottom of the sedimentation container, and is connected at the other end to a pump with variable direction of rotation for aspiring the suspended dispersed material, respectively for feeding the solvent into the container, can be provided.

In order to maintain the process temperature by at least 30 °C above the liquidus temperature, in all containers and pipe

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WO 00/00313 PCT/DE99/01901 conduits temperature sensors are provided close to the solder. This insures that the viscosity of the solder melt remains approximately the same in all stages.

In a further preferred embodiment of the device of the invention, the compact module consists of a housing frame with a bottom plate, wherein table-like support stands for the preliminary assembly of the containers, pipe conduits, distributor and the pump are provided.

<td> All containers, pipe conduits, flow</td><td> and</td><td> return</td><td> lines ,</td><td colspan="2"> locking</td>

<td> members, the pump, shearing device,</td><td> the</td><td> metal</td><td> hoses</td><td> and</td><td> the</td>

<td> distributor are heated-insulated .</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> In a further preferred embodiment</td><td> of</td><td> the</td><td> device</td><td> of</td><td> the</td>

invention, the tempering device is mobile and arranged outside the compact module. However the tempering device can be just as well arranged in the compact module.

The invention distinguishes itself over all heretofore-known flow dispersion processes in that the soft solder powder can be produced with exact spherical shape and within a narrow grain size range quasi-continuously on a large industrial scale. By simply exchanging the shearing device, by changing the slot dimensions, the variation of the number of shearing steps, the rotational speeds and the number of the recirculations, the sphere diameters of the solder particles can be kept within n narrow grain size range, at low cost and with high precision.

The device of the invention is of compact construction, userfriendly and requires little maintenance.

Further advantages and detail result from the following description with reference to the enclosed drawing.

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The invention is subsequently described in more details with aid of an embodiment example.

It shows:

Fig. 1 the device of the invention illustrated in

Fig. 2

Fig. 3 représentât ion, a variant of the sedimentation container for the removal of the dispersed material as a detail according to fig. 1,

Fig. 4 and 5 a diagram of the heating/cooling circuit of the individual process steps and

Fig. 6 a diagram of the method of the invention.

As can be seen in detail from Fig. 1, the device of the invention consists of a container-like compact module 1, which lodges all essential components. The compact module 1 has a somewhat rectangular bottom place 2, upon which vertical and horizontal struts 3 are connected to form a parallelepipedic housing frame 4. The struts 3 consist of angle sections made of steel or aluminium. All lateral surfaces and the cover surface of the parallelepipedic housing frame 4 are lined with wall plates 5/ which on their inside are provided with heat and sound insulating plates 6, consisting of an appropriate soundabsorbing material coated with aluminium foil.

In the compact module 1 table-like support stands 7, 8 and 9 are inserted preassembled for the main components of the device of the invention.

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The support stand Ί, also made of angle sections, receives the melt container 1 at its upper area 10 of the cover area of the compact module 1. In the middle and lower area of the support stand there are heat distributors 12 and 13 for the supply of the individual components with the heating medium. The melt container 11 has a curved bottoml4, at whose lowest point a vertically engaging drain-off pipe is connected. The drain-off pipe 15 is shaped as a 60° arc for the connection of a ball valve 17, by means of which the drain-off pipe 15 can be opened and closed.

The ball valve 17 continues on the outlet side with a conduit segment 18, which reaches injector-like into the bottom area of the dispersion container 19 at an angle of 60°. The dispersion container 19 is supported by the support stand 8 and is positioned so that it is located sufficiently deeper than the deepest point of the melt container 11, so that the solder melt can reach the dispersion container 10 due to gravity.

The dispersion container 19, just like the melt container 11, has a curved bottom area, where the solder melt collects. In the deepest point of the dispersion container 19 an outgoing connection piece 20 is provided in alignment with the container axis of the dispersion container 19, for the connection with a ball valve 21 for opening and closing the connection piece 20. On the outgoing side the ball valve 21 is connected on a flange 22 to which the shearing device 23 is connected with its inlet flange 24 in vertical fitting position. The outlet 25 of the shearing device 23 is provided with an outlet flange 26, which is positioned perpendicularly with respect to the fitting position.

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Besides that, on the support stand 8 a recirculation conduit 27 with a pre-mounted flange 28 releasably connected with the connection flange 26 of the shearing device 23, is connected.

The shearing device 23 with its drive aggregate 29 is held by an insert movable on the bottom plate 2 in such a manner that the shearing device 23 can be screwed without tension to the flange 22 of the ball valve 21, respectively to the flange 28 of the recirculation conduit 27.

As shown in Fig. 2, the shearing device 23 consists of three shearing steps SI, S2 and S3 with six shearing spaces 58. Each shearing step is comprises a rotor 31 and a stator 32. The rotor sits corotationally on the drive shaft 33 of the shearing device 23, which is driven by drive aggregate 29, for instance a motor. The rotor 31 rotates with the drive shaft 33 in the stator 32 with a speed of approximately 2500 rotations per minute and has teeth distributed coaxially with the shaft 33, which are spaced apart by slots 34. The stator 32 also has teeth spaced apart by slots. The teeth are arranged coaxially with respect to each other. The slots 34 and 35 lead into the second shearing step S2.

The second shearing step is built just like the first one, only that the number of teeth, and therewith the number of slots 34 in the stator 32 is bigger. Again the slots 34 in the stator 32 of the shearing step S2 lead into the space of the shearing step S3 .

According to Fig. 1, the recirculation conduit 27 leads back into the upper area of the dispersion container 19, whereby this conduit ends above the liquid level of the filling medium in the dispersion container 19 and can be opened and closed by a ball valve 37 located approximately at the level of the

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PCT/DE99/01901 container bottom. Approximately underneath this ball valve 37, recirculation conduit 27 has a horizontally running branchedoff conduit 38 with flange 39, on which a ball valve 40 is flanged, which on the outgoing side engages in the upper area of a sedimentation container 41.

This sedimentation container is located clearly underneath the dispersion container 19 and is received by the support stand 9, which is connected with the frame of the support stand 8. In the sedimentation container 41, at the bottom side an insert 42 with a collection basket 43 is inserted. Two outlet conduits 44 and 45 lead to the bottom area of the sedimentation container 41 via a rotary piston pump 46 into an ascending conduit 47 fastened in the frame of the support stand 8, which is returned to the upper area of the dispersion container above the surface level of the filling medium. In the outlet conduits 44 and 45 ball valves 48 and 49 are integrated, for opening and closing the conduits.

Instead of the collection basket 43 and instead of the outlet conduit 45, as shown in Fig. 3, an agitator 64 and a dip pipe 63 can be provided. The agitator 64 passes through the container cover 62 of the sedimentation container 41 and reaches close to the level at which the horizontal branched-off pipe 38 enters the container 41. The dip pipe 63 also passes through container cover 62 and is height-adjustable fastened to it, so that the dipping depth T of the dip pipe 63 in the sedimentation container is variable. The end of the dip pipe 62 (sic) which projects from the container cover is connected with a pump with variable rotation direction not shown in the drawing, so that by means of this dip pipe solder material dispersed in the solvent are aspired, respectively solvent can be pumped into the sedimentation container 41. By means of the

CA 02336070 2000-12-22 agitator 64, the dispersed solder sinking due to gravity and the solvent are converted into a suspension.

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Naturally, there is no need for specially mentioning that the outlet conduit 45 can be remain mounted, when the dispersed solder material is aspired for being fed to a cleaning installation not shown in the drawing. The containers 11, 19, 41, the pipe conduits 15, 18, 27, 38, 44, 47 and 63, the heat distributors and 13, the ball valves 17,

21, 37, 40, 48 and are enveloped with a heat insulation not shown in the drawing .

Fig. 4 and 5 show the heating/cooling circuits for the containers and pipe conduits. All containers and pipe are double-wall bodies made of stainless steel, for conduits instance

V2A.

The spaces between the outer wall and inner wall of the doublewall bodies are acted upon with a available heat carrier oil, which guarantees a temperature in use of 3 00 °C. From the tempering device 51 flexible metal hoses 56 as flow and return lines VL, respectively RL, to the heat distributor 12, which by means of equally flexible metal hoses 56 forms heating/cooling circuits I and II. The heating/cooling circuit I leads from the flow line VL of the distributor 12 via the rotary piston pump 46, the ascending pipe 47 and the outlet conduit 44 to the return line of the heat distributor 12. The heating/cooling circuit II supplies exclusively the dispersion container!?. The separate cooling circuit VI cools not illustrated slidable ring seals in the shearing device 23. From a cooling-medium container 61 provided with a pump cooling fluid is sent according to the siphon principle via the supply line 59 to the shearing device 23 and returned to the cooling-medium container 61 via drain 60.

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The outer heat distributor 13 is connected with the tempering device 51 via flexible metal hoses 56. Altogether from the heat distributor 13 run the heat/cooling circuits III, IV and V. In the heating/cooling circuit III the melt container 11 and the drain-off pipe 15 are integrated, in the heating/cooling circuit IV the shearing device 23 and the recirculation conduit 27, in the heating/cooling circuit V the sedimentation container 41 with the branched-off pipe 38 and the branched-off pipe 45. Flexible metal hoses form here also the corresponding supply lines.

Fig. 6 represents the flow of the process according to the invention. In the melt container 11 massive solder, for instance 10 kg of a Sn63Pb37 alloy, is introduced together with castor oil. The is completely covered by the oil and melted. The work temperature is kept approximately 60 °C above the liquidus temperature by means of the heating/cooling circuit II .

In the melt container 11 a temperature sensor 52 is mounted for the precise temperature adjustment. This measured value serves for the control of the heating/cooling circuit.

After the massive solder has been melted, the ball valve 17 is opened and the solder melt flows together with the oil into the dispersion container 19, whose dimensions are selected so that the ratio is one part solder melt to ten parts oil. The solder melt sinks to the bottom area of the dispersion container 19 and, when the ball valve 21 is open, reaches the shearing device 23 via outlet pipe 20 and the inlet 53. Thereby the solder melt flows axially towards the first

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PCT/DE99/01901 shearing step SI, wherein the melt is caught by the rotor 31 of the shearing device and separated.

The rotor 31 rotates with the drive shaft 33 of the shearing device 23, which is driven by drive aggregate 29. The solder melt is radially diverted through the crenelated slots 34 of the rotor 31 and pressed into the crenelated slots 35 of the stator 32, when the slots 34 in the rotor 31 and the slots 35 in the stator 32 come to coincide, clearing an outlet opening. During the passage of the slot 34 the melt flow is being sheared. Melt droplets result. After completing the first shearing step SI, the melt/oil mixture reaches the second shearing step S2, where again an axial feeding and a radial deflection of the solder/oil mixture take place, before the third shearing step S3 is traversed.

Depending on the width, respectively geometry of the slots at the periphery of the rotor 31 and the stator 32, as well as on the rotational speed, it is possible to set the desired particle size of the separated solder melt particles.

After the separation of the solder melt in the shearing steps SI, S2 and S3, the solder/oil mixture reaches the recirculation conduit 27 opened by means of ball valve 55, while the ball valve 40 of the branched-off pipe 38 is closed.

Now the solder/oil mixture is passed at least 20 times through the dispersion container 19 and the three-stage shearing device

23. This insures the desired particle sizes of 1 to 100 pm can be set. If particle sizes of for instances 6 pm are desired, then with the method of the invention this size can be achieved without subsequent sorting.

A solder/oil dispersed phase results. The suction power of the

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PCT/DE99/01901 shearing steps is sufficient for performing the recirculation without additional conveying aggregates. The ball valve 37 is closed and by opening the ball valve 40, the solder/oil phase is guided through the branched-off pipe 38 into the sedimentation container 41, due to gravity the solder particles sink into the collection basket 43 of the insert 42, thereby being separated from the excess oil, whereby the solder particles remain enveloped by oil. After closing the ball valve 40 and opening the ball valves 48, respectively 49, the oil is returned to the dispersion container 19 via the rotary piston pump 46 and the ascending pipe 47.

Naturally the removal of the solder particles from the sedimentation container 41 can also be done so that, after the solder particles have sunk, the excess oil is aspired as previously described and returned to the dispersion container

19. The ball valve 49 is closed. Through the dip pipe 63 a fat dissolving solvent, for instance acetone, is introduced into sedimentation container 41 by means of a pump with variable direction of rotation, not shown in the drawing. The solvent and the solder particles are then agitated by an agitator 64 until a suspension which can be pumped is formed. After the rotation direction of the pump is reversed, the suspension is sucked out of the sedimentation container 41 and sent to a cleaning installation not shown in the drawing.

Through the heating circuit V in the sedimentation container 41 a temperature of about 100 °C is set, in order to correspondingly cool down the solder particles prior removal. When the collection basket 43 is retrieved, the ball valves 40, 48 and 49 are closed.

After the collection basket 43 is reinserted, the ball valve 40 of the branched-off pipe 38 remains closed and the ball valve

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With the heating/cooling circuits I to IV, a process temperature of about 60 °C above the liquidus temperature of the solder is maintained in the containers 11 and 19, the pipe conduits 15, 18, 27, 38, 44, 45, the ball valves 17, 21, 37, 40, 48 and 49, as well as in the shearing device 23.

The soft solders produced with the method of the invention achieve a narrow grain size range up to 100 μτη, whereby sorting is completely eliminated. By selecting the number, shape of the slots in the shearing device as well as the speed of the rotors and the number of recirculations, it is possible also set an exact grain size of less than 100 μτη.

List of used reference numbers

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<td> Compact module</td><td> 1</td>

<td> Bottom plate</td><td> 2</td>

<td> struts of 1</td><td> 3</td>

<td> housing frame</td><td> 4</td>

<td> wall plates</td><td> 5</td>

<td> heat and sound insulating plates</td><td> 6</td>

<td> support stands</td><td> 7,8/9</td>

<td> upper area of support stand 7</td><td> 10</td>

<td> melt container</td><td> 11</td>

<td> heat distributor</td><td> 12,13</td>

<td> bottom of 11</td><td> 14</td>

<td> drain-off pipe 11</td><td> 15</td>

<td> flange on 15</td><td> 16</td>

<td> ball valve on 15</td><td> 17</td>

<td> pipe conduit segment</td><td> 18</td>

<td> dispersion container</td><td> 19</td>

<td> connection piece on 19</td><td> 20</td>

<td> ball valve</td><td> 21</td>

<td> flange on 21</td><td> 22</td>

<td> shearing device</td><td> 23</td>

<td> inlet flange of 23</td><td> 24</td>

<td> outlet on 23</td><td> 25</td>

<td> outlet flange</td><td> 26</td>

<td> recirculation conduit</td><td> 27</td>

<td> flange of 27</td><td> 28</td>

<td> drive aggregate of 23</td><td> 29</td>

<td> mobile insert</td><td> 30</td>

<td> rotor</td><td> 31</td>

<td> stator</td><td> 32</td>

<td> drive shaft</td><td> 33</td>

<td> slots in 31</td><td> 34</td>

<td> slots in 32</td><td> 35</td>

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upper area of 19 36 ball valve of 27 37 branched-off pipe 38 flange of 38 39 ball valve of 38 40 sedimentation container 41 insert in 41 42 collection basket 43 outlet conduits 44,45 rotary piston pump 46 ascending pipe 47 ball valve 48,49 spaces 50 tempering device 51 temperature sensor 52 inlet of 23 53 passage opening 54 ball valve for 23 55 metal hoses 56 agitator in 19 57 shearing spaces 58 supply line for cooling fluid 59 drain for cooling fluid 60 container for cooling fluid 61 container cover of 41 62 dip pipe in 41 63 agitator in 41 64 shearing steps S1,S2,S3 heating/cooling circuits I,II,III,IV,V cooling circuit VI flow line VL return line RL dipping depth T