Untitled record

The invention relates to the repair of roads with asphalt or cement concrete pavement, by the device at the place of the defect of the excavation and laying seals in it.

The current repair of asphalt concrete pavements consists in repairing damage in the form of potholes, cracks, individual waves, bumps and sagging, breaks and rough edges.

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The current repair of cement concrete coatings includes repair of joints and cracks, repair of damage to the edges of joints, faces of slabs and sinks, elimination of local subsidence, expansion of slabs, sealing of certain areas with peeling of the surface layer of concrete.

Known methods for eliminating surface deformations and fractures. Various methods of heating and improving the properties of old asphalt concrete are used for asphalt concrete pavements. Such methods include: thermal planning, thermo-homogenization, thermal laying and thermal mixing [1]. The thermal planning method consists in leveling the coating during heating without adding a new mixture. It is used to restore evenness and the transverse profile of the coating, if the clearance under a 3-meter rail does not exceed 20 mm. The method of thermo-homogenization differs from thermoplaning in that, in addition to the basic operations, the mixing of the old loosened asphalt mixture is performed. This increases the homogeneity of asphalt concrete and improves compaction. The heat-laying method consists in heating an existing coating, loosening it to a depth of 25 to 30 mm and leveling it with a grader. The new mixture is distributed using a vibratory beam in a thin layer, but without mixing with the old mixture. The method of thermal mixing consists in heating and loosening the old mixture with the addition of a new one and mixing. The method is used during repairs when there are a lot of potholes, waves, sag on the coating, and also, if necessary, improve the properties of the asphalt concrete mixture of the top layer coated.

For cement concrete coatings, a method of cutting defects with finger mills is used, followed by pouring with either liquid bitumen or cement or polymer concrete mixtures.

The disadvantages of these methods are a large number of technological operations, each of which involves machines and mechanisms; the great complexity of the work associated with the preparation of asphalt or cement concrete mixtures and their delivery to the repair object; in creating and maintaining the required temperature regime before laying asphalt mixtures or organic binders.

A known method of repairing concrete coatings [2] (prototype), which consists in bordering the excavation, removing old asphalt concrete, cleaning the excavation and priming its bottom and walls, filling the excavation with a new concrete mixture and compacting it.

Preparation of the repaired site is carried out in the following order: the borders of the recess are edged with lines, capturing an undamaged part of the coating by 3-5 cm. When edging, the rules are followed that if the work is carried out with asphalt concrete, then the contour lines should be perpendicular or parallel to the axis of the coating, if the work is done on a cement concrete pavement, then they tend to limit the contour with smooth rounded lines. Then, with the help of jackhammers, a depression is made. Old asphalt concrete is removed, the excavation is cleaned, the bottom and walls of the excavation are primed with liquid bitumen heated to 60 ° C, at a rate of 0.3-0.5 l / m².

After preparatory work, the recess is filled with repair material, taking into account the safety factor for sealing. If the depth of the excavation is up to 5 cm, the mixture is laid in one layer, more than 5 cm in two layers.

The repair materials are hot, warm and cold asphalt mixtures, cast asphalt, crushed stone and gravel materials treated with organic binders, wet organic-mineral mixtures. Hot asphalt mixes are used at an air temperature not lower than + 10 ° С, cast asphalt up to -5 ° С, wet organic-mineral mixtures up to -10 ° С.

Small recesses are compacted with manual vibratory rollers, and significant areas are smooth-rolled rollers. When using cast asphalt mixes compaction is not required.

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The movement on the repaired area is opened after cooling the laid mixture to 50-60 ° C.

Repair of cement concrete coatings is carried out in the same sequence, with the exception of the formulations of the mixtures used. When using cement-concrete mixtures for repair, it is necessary to close the movement on the repaired area up to 7 days.

The disadvantage of this method is that if the seal of the excavation is made with viscous mixtures, then it is impossible to obtain high strength properties after they have hardened, and subsequently the asphalt concrete mixtures begin to flow and squeeze out of the excavation by transport, and if cement concrete coatings using cement concrete mortars are repaired, it is necessary to withstand term of a set of durability with restriction of movement. In addition, additional equipment is required for compaction at the repaired facility. When using hot and warm asphalt mixtures, it is necessary to maintain the temperature regime before laying. The use of any mixtures is limited by temperature - 10 ° С, which limits the period of repair work.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the quality of the repaired coating, to strengthen the places for fixing the defect, to reduce the time allotted for repairs, to carry out repair work at any ambient temperature, and to open traffic on the area to be repaired immediately after fixing the defect.

The task is achieved in that the method of road repair includes bordering the recess, removing old concrete, cleaning the recess, priming and filling, and when removing old concrete, a recess is formed in the form of a truncated pyramid, with a large base up, to the bottom of which the adhesive is poured and inserted a seal having the same size and shape as the notch, with subsequent exposure to the load.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of the installation of seals in a concrete coating. The scheme includes the following elements: concrete coating - 1, seal - 2, recess - 3, adhesive - 4, base of the coating - 5, roadside - 6.

The seal - 2 has the shape of a truncated pyramid, where the base can be a rectangle, square or circle. The corners of a rectangle or square can be straight or oval, depending on the mechanism used for the excavation device on the road. A seal is made in an industrial environment, using press equipment, by stamping. In the manufacture of seals in the factory, you can apply pressure when stamping seals, exceeding the pressure from the roller on the road section being repaired. In addition, in the manufacture of seals can be used: casting, steaming, firing and other technological processes aimed at increasing strength and reducing the time required to set the maximum strength of the material from which the seals are made. Since the seals are manufactured in the factory, it is necessary that they have certain sizes, according to which recesses will be prepared on the roads. In addition to asphalt and cement concrete, material for the manufacture of fillings can be plastics, metal, polymer concrete, glass and other materials, either in an independent form, or reinforced with rods, nets, fabrics, non-woven synthetic material, fiberglass, etc.

A recess - 3 is cut down or milled of the same standard sizes as the prepared fillings, taking into account the minimum destruction of high-quality concrete. The shape of the notch is the same as that of the seal, i.e. in the form of a truncated cone and oriented upwards by a large base.

Adhesive - 4 can be represented by liquid bitumen, tar, tar, tar, liquid glass, organic waste from chemical industries. Instead of the usual priming of the bottom and walls of the recess, which consists in spraying liquid bitumen along the recess plane, it is proposed to pour a certain amount of it to the bottom of the recess

BY 8020 C1 2006.04.30 This amount is calculated taking into account the fact that when the seal is pressed into the recess, the adhesive will be squeezed out by the seal and fill the bottom and side space between the seal and the recess.

The road repair method is as follows. On the road there is an assessment of the type of defect and its size. Depending on the size of the defect, the most suitable seal size is selected from the size range. The only requirement is that the size of the seal completely overlap the damaged area of ​​the coating and minimally apply to high-quality concrete. Depending on the decision made, a recess is made according to the size of the selected seal. Destroyed concrete is removed from the recess, adhesive is poured onto the bottom of the recess. The necessary seal is delivered to the object, which is inserted into the prepared recess. For tight contact of the seal with the walls and the bottom of the recess and for high-quality filling with adhesive substance, a vertical load is applied between the seal and the recess. Such a load may be the impact of the wheel of the car that delivered the seal to the area being repaired. The quality of adhesive filling the space between the seal and the recess can be judged by a small amount of adhesive squeezed to the surface and arranged uniformly along the perimeter.

The difference between the proposed method and the known ones is that the seal is manufactured under industrial conditions and of certain standard sizes. The strength of the seals will be equal to or higher than the strength of the material in which it will fit. The use of seals will make it possible to abandon the mixtures used in current repairs, to simplify and reduce the technological process of repairing the pavement on the road.

Application of the developed repair method for both urban and non-urban roads will allow industrializing repair work, reducing their time, improving quality, eliminating defects at public transport stops, which will affect the quality of roads, their durability, and lowering the cost of repair work.

Information sources:

one. Highways of Belarus. Encyclopedia / Ed. A.V. Minin. - Мn .: Belarusian encyclapedia, 2002. - S. 492.

2. Repair and maintenance of roads: Road Engineer Handbook / Ed. A.P. Vasilieva. - M.: Transport, 1989 .-- S. 158-159.