Bandless hearing protector

(54) Title: HEARING PROTECTION DEVICE (57) Summary:

(30) Unionist Priority: 4/30/2007 us 11 / 799,264, 6/22/2007 US 11 / 821,391,22 / 06/2007 US 11 / 821,391,30 / 04/2007 US 11 / 799,264 (73) Holder ( es): kimberly-clark worldwide, inc (72) Inventor (s): abby elizabeth sturges, aleksey PIRKHOLO, ANNE CLARE MOSER, JAMES WOLFORD, KEITH GRIDER, SCOTT M. BELLIVEAU, ΞΕΑΝ S. CORBIN, STEVEN CRAIG GEHLING, WAIHONG LEONG (74) Attorney (s): PINHEIRO NETO - LAWYERS (86) International request: pct iB200805H59de27 / 03/2008 (87) International Publication: wo 2oos / i32632de 06/11/2008

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HEARING PROTECTION DEVICE

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

High-level sound vibrations, and perhaps, specifically, the repetitive and constant sounds or noises (din) in industrial operations are known to cause traumatic hearing impairments and even hearing loss. Often, these types of disabilities do not respond to the use of hearing aids or surgery. As you would expect, there are numerous types of hearing protectors designed to attenuate or reduce noise.

One type of conventional hearing protection device is foam earplugs that can be compressed and inserted into the ear, and then expand to fit the ear canal. Although these types of earplugs can be useful, however, they are uncomfortable and difficult to insert correctly. In addition, handling earplugs when compressing, removing or replacing can be unhygienic.

Another type of conventional hearing protection device includes a U-shaped headband device with an ear plug pointing inwardly attached to each of the opposite ends. Although it is easy and hygienic to temporarily remove a plug from the ear, the conventional bow has some limitations and shortcomings.

For some people, ear straps can cause pressure and are uncomfortable to wear for long periods of time. The head strap can be shaped in such a way that the parts of the head strap can be close to or touching the user's head, and this can become

2/34 irritating and uncomfortable for the same. In addition, there is no mechanism for adjusting the head strap to various head sizes. A user with a large head requires a greater distance between the ends of the strap to which the earmuffs are attached. Unfortunately, as the distance between the end of the head strap increases, so does the tension in the strap. Consequently, users with relatively large heads may experience discomfort due to tension in the handle.

In view of the previous issues and issues discussed above, it is desirable to have a hearing protection device that can comfortably fit a wide variety of users. It is also desirable to have a hearing protection device that can be temporarily removed from the ear without contamination by the hand.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the present invention is the provision of a loop-free hearing protection method, including the steps of protecting the ear canal with a compatible plug adapted to be inserted into the ear canal, and pressing the plug using a pressure element adapted to be placed in an external auditory canal.

Other characteristics of the invention are partly evident and partly highlighted hereinafter, well understood by the practice of

It must be understood that both the general description and the following detailed description are as well as more invention. examples and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed invention. The accompanying drawings,

3/34 which are incorporated and form part of this specification, are included to illustrate and provide a greater understanding of the bandless hearing protection device that constitutes the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The complete presentation of the present invention, including its best performance, aimed at those with normal skills in the technique, is provided for in greater specificity in the rest of the report, making reference to the attached figures, in which:

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure</td><td>1 is a side view</td><td>one ear</td>

<td>human,</td><td>illustrated</td><td>for</td><td>show the content</td><td>of this</td>

<td>invention.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure</td><td colspan="2">2 is a partial cross section</td>

<td>frontal view of a human ear,</td><td colspan="2">illustrated for</td><td>provide the</td><td>context</td>

<td>of the present invention.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Figure 3</td><td>it's the</td><td>heard</td><td>human</td><td>according</td>

<td>shown in Figure 2, with</td><td>an</td><td>first</td><td colspan="2">configuration</td>

hearing protector of the present invention, placed in the ear, showing a plug that closes the entrance of the ear canal.

Figure 4 is the human ear as shown in Figure 2, with a second configuration of the hearing protector of the present invention placed on the ear, showing a plug that is partially inserted in the ear canal. ......

Figure 5 is the human ear as shown in FIG. 2, with a third protector configuration

4/34 hearing aid of the present invention placed in the ear, showing a plug that is fully inserted in the ear canal.

Figure 6 is a front elevation view of the fourth configuration of the hearing protector of the present invention, shown at an angle.

Figure 7 is a front elevation view of the hearing protector in Figure 6, shown at an angle.

Figure 8A is a partial cross section of the hearing protector in Figure 7, taken in the plane defined by line 8A-8A.

. Figure 8B is a partial cross section of the hearing protector in Figure 8A, showing a configuration of the plug fixation to the stem, taken in the plane defined by line 8BCD-8BCD.

Figure 8C is a partial cross section of the hearing protector in Figure 8A, showing a configuration of the plug fixation to the stem, being taken in the plane defined by line 8BCD-8BCD.

Figure 8D is a partial cross-section of the hearing protector in Figure 8A, showing a configuration of the plug fixation to the stem, taken in the plane defined by line 8BCD-8BCD.

Figure 9 is a front elevation view of the fifth configuration of the hearing protector of the present invention, shown at an angle, as it fits into an ear.

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Figure 10 is a side elevation view of the Figure 9 hearing protector.

Figure 11 is a front elevation view of the fifth configuration of the hearing protector of the present invention, shown at an angle, as it fits in an ear.

Figure 12 is a side elevation view of the hearing protector in Figure 11.

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure 13A</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

<td>side</td><td>otherwise</td><td colspan="2">configuration</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">protector</td><td>auditory of</td>

<td>gift</td><td>invention.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>THE </td><td>Figure 13Β</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

<td>rear</td><td colspan="2">hearing protector</td><td colspan="2">shown</td><td colspan="2">in the figure</td><td>13A.</td>

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure 14</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

<td>side</td><td colspan="2">other configuration of</td><td colspan="4">hearing protector</td><td>of this</td>

<td>invention</td><td>, as she</td><td>would appear</td><td>to</td><td colspan="2">to fit in</td><td colspan="2">in one ear.</td>

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure 15</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

<td>rear</td><td colspan="2">hearing protector</td><td>gives</td><td colspan="2">Figure 14.</td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure 16</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

<td>front</td><td colspan="4">of the hearing protector of Figure</td><td> 14 .</td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure 17</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

<td>side</td><td colspan="3">of the seventh configuration</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">protector</td><td>auditory of</td>

<td>gift</td><td>invention.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>THE</td><td>Figure 18</td><td>is</td><td>an</td><td>View</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td>

opposite side of the hearing protector in Figure 17.

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Figure 19 is an exploded view of the hearing protector shown in Figure 17

Figure 20 is a partial perspective view of the hearing protector shown in Figure 18, minus the pressure pad and the EAM pad.

Figure 20A is a partial cross section of the pressure pad on lines 20Ά-20Α of Figure 19.

Figure 21 is a side perspective view of the eighth configuration of the hearing protector of the present invention.

Figure 22 is a side elevation view of the ninth configuration of the hearing protector of the present invention.

Figure 23 is a front perspective view of the Figure 22 hearing protector.

Figure 24 is a side view of the tenth configuration of the present invention.

seen in protective auditory perspective of

Figure 25 is a front view of the hearing protector in Figure 24.

in perspective

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF

INVENTION

The present invention is a hearing protector for the human ear [10]. In order to provide the context for the present invention, a brief discussion of the anatomy of the human ear is presented. Referring to Figure 1, the

7/34 externally visible anatomy of the ear. human [10] is broadly defined by the pinna [12]. The auricular pavilion [12] has different contours and folds that aid in hearing, such as the lobe [14], the helix [16], the anti-helix [18], the draft [20] and the anti-swallows [22]. The shell [24] is a cut-out region, irregularly defined by the anti-helix [18], swallow [20] and anti-swallow [22]. In the shell region [24], the opening for the ear canal [26] is found. Referring now to Figure 2, the inside of the ear is shown. In particular, the ear canal [26] is an elongated canal that ends at the eardrum [28]. After the eardrum [28], there is a region known as the middle ear [30]. The eardrum [28] and the part of the ear canal [26] in its closest proximity are located between two bony parts of the skull, that is, the temporal bone [32] and the occipital bone [34]. -These bony parts, together with the whole skull, are covered with meat and adipose material, generically called tissue [36]. The ear pin [12] is connected to the tissue [36]. The stiffness and shape of the pinna [12] are defined by the cartilage [38], as seen in the cross section in Figure 2.

The present invention is a hearing protector [100] that attaches to the ear [12]. The hearing protector can be a single piece, or assembled from two or more separate pieces. In addition, the hearing protector [100] will move to the left or right, depending on the ear where it is installed, that is, the left or the right. Regardless of the number of parts or the direction of the hearing protector [100], each configuration of the present invention generally has several parts. For example, as seen in the configuration shown in Figures 6-7, there is a plug [102] connected to a neck [104]. The plug [102] is a 'flexible element that can be

8/34 adjust to a part of the ear canal [26], or at least the entrance of the ear canal in the shell [24]. An ear clip ”is defined by a neck [104] that extends from a shoulder [106], and that is connected to an arm [108]. Together, the shoulder [106] and the arm [108] form an arc that generally extends from the swallow [20], in the ascending, to where the helix [16] meets the tissue [36], and in the descending, around from the adjacent ear [12], as far as the shell [24] meets the tissue [36]. The arm [108] can also surround and be in contact with the lobe [14]. 0 The bow can be tilted so that when the hearing protector is attached to the ear [12], pressure will be applied to the neck [104], forcing the plug [102] towards the ear canal [26]. Therefore, the neck [104] is a pressure element ”Details of the various configurations of the present invention are described below.

Hearing protectors [100] generally fall into three categories which include the protectors that close the ear canal entrance [26] (referred to as closing devices) (Figure 3), the protectors that are partially inserted and seal the ear canal [26] between the cartilage parts of the ear [38] (referred to as semi-insertion devices) (Figure 4), and the protectors that enter the ear canal and extend further towards the eardrum even with or just after the ear cartilage [38] (referred to as complete insertion devices) (Figure 5).

Hearing protectors [100] that are inserted into the ear canal and to a greater degree provide better protection against harmful noise levels because vibrations from the ear cartilage and ear canal tissue are attenuated, the ear canal being

9/34 minus partially sealed in relation to the noisy environment. However, full insertion and even semi-insertion devices may be less comfortable than those that simply close the ear canal [26]. Typically, earplugs [102] that close the ear canal [26] are used for intermittent noise exposures where lighter weight and improved low frequency attenuation are desirable. As used herein, hearing protectors generally refer to hearing protectors that fall into one of the three categories described above. For the sake of simplicity, the configurations of the present invention illustrated in Figures 6-25 include plugs [102] that function as closing devices. However, it should be understood that the plugs [102] could be widened in such a way that they operate as semi-insertion or complete insertion devices as indicated in Figures 4 and 5, respectively.

illustrated in the drawings explaining the invention, limitation of the invention.

provided with understood as features

References will now be made in detail, for the configurations of the invention, with one or more examples. Each example should not be. For example, those illustrated or described as part of a configuration can be used with another configuration to produce yet a third configuration. The present invention is intended to include these and other modifications and variations.

As indicated in Figures 6-7, a first configuration of the hearing protector [100] preferably has one - unitary construction, with the possible 'exception of the plug [102]. The neck [104], the shoulder [106], the cable [110] and the arm [108] can be molded from a plastic material with the following characteristics: flexible

10/34 enough to move the arm [108] to the rear of the ear [12] since the neck [104] is positioned close to the ear canal [26]; durable enough to be used more than once; moldable, through injection molding or the like; and steady state, in which there is no significant loss of stiffness under a continuous load, allowing the neck [104] and the plug [102] to maintain an efficient force directed towards the ear canal [26]. Preferably, a material such as polyethylene is used. However, it is envisaged that the ear clip part of the hearing protector [100] can be made of nylon, plastics such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate; metals such as titanium, steel, aluminum composite; or elastomer such as silicone, elastomer (TPE), polyurethane rubber, ethylenepropylene thermoplastic rubber, or a combination thereof.

Referring to Figure 7, a plug [102] is connected to the neck [104]. The earplug [102] can be a button separated from a flexible material as described below, shaped so that it is properly placed in the shell [24], swallow [20] and anti-swallow [22] surrounding the entrance to the ear canal [26]. The plug [102], when functioning as a protector (Figure 3), can be generally hemispherical in shape and has a slightly larger diameter than the average adult human ear canal, or another rounded shape.

For semi-insertion or full-insertion protectors (Figures 4-5), the plug [102] of the invention can be substantially cylindrical in shape and slightly larger in diameter than the average adult human ear canal. diameter of about 7 cm and about 15

11/34 as per ear [122], the compressible and centimeters is generally acceptable. Preferably, the diameter of the plug will be between 8 cm and 14 cm. For example, a diameter of approximately 7 cm to 15 cm is generally acceptable. Preferably, the diameter of the plug will be 8 cm to 14 cm. Furthermore, it should be noted and understood that the term cylindrical as used herein includes within its scope, structures with a relatively shallow truncated cone shape or a substantially spherical shape. Where the plug takes the form of a truncated cone, the diameter criteria above can be taken at the midpoint of the cone. Where the plug is spherical, the above criteria can be applied to the diameter of such a sphere. The plug [102] can be connected to the neck [104] in several ways. The first exemplary configuration of a plug-neck connection, shown in Figure 8B, has a rod [120] that is placed in a corresponding cavity [122] in the plug [102]. This type of arrangement allows the user to change only the plug [102] and reuse the remaining part of the hearing protector [100]. If the stem [120] is long enough to fit at least partially into the ear canal [26] (Figures 4 or 5), the stem [104] is preferably flexible so that it flexes as the user adjusts the protective device headset. A non-flexible stem can cause discomfort the user adjusts the protection device To provide a secure fit in the cavity, the stem [120] can be made of an elastic material, having a width dimension slightly larger than the width dimension of the cavity [122] ], when the stem [120] is positioned in the cavity [122], the stem [104] will be pressed against the wall that defines the cavity [122] to provide a friction fit. In addition, there is a possibility that a more permanent connection between the stem [120] and the plug 102 can be made with an adhesive. Adhesives, such as

2/34 hot glue, glue, cyanoacrylate, casein glue, cement glue, resin glue would be suitable for this purpose.

In a second exemplary configuration of a cap-neck connection, shown in Figure 8C, the neck [104] has a mushroom-shaped stem [130]. A plug [102] with a corresponding mushroom-shaped cavity [132] is placed over the stem [130]. Preferably, there is sufficient tension in the ring [134] at the entrance of the cavity [132] to prevent the plug [102] from slipping out of the stem [130] when the hearing protector is fitted into or removed from the ear.

In a third exemplary configuration of a cap-neck connection, shown in Figure 8D, the neck [104] has a flanged end [140]. A plug [102] is adhesively attached to the flanged end [140] by an adhesive as described earlier for the rod of Figure 8B and / or for a mechanical connection.

It must be understood that the particular compound to make the buffer [102] is less important than the mechanical qualities of the buffer itself [102]. It is more desirable that the plug, when deformed, has a tendency to recover its original shape and size. The conformity of the polymeric foam composition will create a seal against the ear wall to prevent sound from entering the ear canal. The main characteristics exhibited by the earplug materials are that it is soft and flexible to fit the shape of the ear canal and the ear canal entrance.

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With the construction of the air you can escape

In one configuration, the plug material [102] may have a film formed on its outer surface, with the film torn to allow ventilation of the ear canal (not shown) open cells of the plug [102], slowly from the ear canal to the surrounding atmosphere until the pressures are equalized. If the atmospheric pressure increases, the pressure within the ear canal can be equalized again to eliminate dizziness, vertigo, or other discomfort. It will be noted that the rate of air flow through the open cell foam will be relatively slow and therefore the pressure equalization will in no way affect the hearing attenuation properties [100].

sound protector settings [102] can be a foam

On each . one of the examples described here, the plug made of dynamically rigid, dynamically rigid foam is described in U.S. Patent US 5,420,381, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference as it is compatible with the present invention.

Alternatively, the plug [102] may include any other foam material from the conventional plug, such as, for example, the foam disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 29,487, the entire content of which is incorporated by reference to the extent compatible with the present invention. In yet another configuration, the plug [102] can be made of silicone rubber. However, it is noted that any flexible polymeric material that is foam, in order to result in a foam cap structure that meets the design criteria established here, constitutes a satisfactory construction material in

14/34 buffers [102] of the invention. Therefore, polymers of ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, diisocyanate, cellulose acetate or isobutylene can be used generally.

The neck [104] can have a solid cross section as seen in Figure 8A. Preferably, the neck [104] is substantially cylindrical, but it can have other shapes that fit the shell [24], between the face [20] and the anti-swallow [22]. A flange [150] can provide resistance for the joint between the shoulder [106] or the cable [110] and the neck [104]. However, the precise shape of the neck and flange can be greatly influenced by the aesthetic design, and it is anticipated that other shapes would be suitable, as evidenced by the other configurations of the hearing protector [100] described here.

shoulder [106] is a part of the hearing protector [100] that will undergo relatively high stress when compared to the neck [104] and the arm [108]. The shoulder [106] acts as the spring of the hearing protector 100. With respect to a reference plane that is along the line 8A-8A in Figure 7, and 8BCD-8BCD in Figure 8A, the shoulder [106] operates to project the neck [108] away from the reference piano. When the hearing protector [100] is attached to the ear [12], the arm [108] is forced in the direction of the reference plane. In this regard, the shoulder [106] functions as a partial helical spring. The shoulder [106] is then under stress, and can also be flexed closer to the reference plane. The hearing protector [100] looks more flattened when in use, and is in a state of stress (see Figure 6). The shoulder [106] may have a curved appearance when viewed from the side, similar to the

15/34 configuration shown in Figure 12. However, several other curvatures are envisaged, or even other aesthetic shapes can be incorporated in the shoulder shape [106] without affecting functionality.

The cable [110] is an optional feature that allows the user to properly hold the hearing protector [100] to adjust the loop for attachment to the ear. The cable [100] can also be used to temporarily remove the plug [102] from the ear canal or to adjust the position of the plug itself [102]. The cable [110] is generally elongated. However, since it is used only as a cable and does not suffer as much stress as the other parts of the hearing protector [100], the cable [110] can incorporate many aesthetic features without affecting its function. For example, a separate material [160] can be coated or otherwise attached to the cable [110] to add visual interest and / or a different tactile feature. There is a possibility that the cable [110] can be built from a single piece.

The arm [108] is a flexible element that curves around the pinna [12] from the junction [170] (where the helix [16] meets the head tissue [36]) to the back of the pinna (see Figures 1 and 2). Preferably, the distal end [172] (Figure 7) can be close to the lobe [14], or even partially surround the shell [24]. This configuration facilitates the removal and replacement of the ear protector [100] of the ear. In addition, the distal end is rounded in order to increase comfort.

As mentioned earlier, the neck [104], the shoulder [106] and the arm [108] can be built from

16/34 from a single piece, through injection molding. However, it is envisaged that these regions may include one or more covered parts or pieces, similar to the configurations in Figures 9-12, as discussed here.

In operation, the device of Figures 6-7 is tilted at. towards the ear, so that the neck [104] presses the plug [102] inwards towards a position closing the ear canal 26. To adjust the hearing protector in Figure 7, the arm [108] is placed behind the ear pin [12], so that it rests against a part of the pin [12], such as the shell [24] and the tissue of the ear. head [36] .0 the user places the plug [102] on or over the ear canal entrance [26]. When the hearing protector is adjusted in this way, it looks more flattened, as shown in Figure 6. 0 neck [104] and plug 102, when touching the ear part around the entrance to the anal canal, reduces the amount of sound that is transmitted along the channel and also reduces the sound transmitted by the bone and meat structure to the ear medium and internal. The hearing protector [100] shown in Figure 3, while aesthetically different, works in the same way.

The second exemplary configuration of the hearing protector [100], shown in Figures 9-10, is assembled from several separate parts. Generally, the hearing protector [100] in this configuration works in the same way, but offers a greater opportunity for aesthetic improvement and for the optimization of the resistance properties in certain parts of the hearing protector [100], such as / for example, the shoulder [106 ]. This can provide an opportunity to provide a higher performance hearing protector [100] at a lower cost. As can be seen, the overall shape of the hearing protector is more angular. This can

17/34 be purely aesthetic, that is, due to the use of a straight component, as described here. As can be seen, the general shape of the hearing protector is more angular. This can be purely aesthetic, or due to the use of a straight component, as described here.

In this particular configuration, the first component is the neck [104] and part of the shoulder [106], which together define an elbow [180]. The second component is a spring [184], which is an element that functions as a torsion spring. The third component is the arm [108] and the partial sleeve [182] integrally connected. The sleeve [182] overlaps a part of the shoulder region [106] where it connects to the spring [184]. However, the fourth component is the plug [102], which attaches to the neck in the manner described in the previous configuration.

built polyethylene,

The neck [104] and shoulder [106] can be made from a molded plastic such as: polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polycarbonate, etc. The arm [108], together with the integral sleeve [182], is preferably a flexible element manufactured from the same type of materials described for the configuration shown in Figure 6. The spring [184] can be constructed from several metals or composite materials, for example, spring steel.

Preferably, the elbow [180] is an L-shaped component with a short leg [190] and a long leg [192]. The short leg [190] and the long leg [192] can be joined at approximately an angle [194] ranging from 85 to 90 degrees. The short leg [190] includes a straight section for receiving the spring [184].

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- When compared to the neck [104] and the corresponding plug [102] of the previous configuration (Figure 6), the neck [104] and the plug [102] can have a rectangular or angular shape that fits between the draft [20] and the anti-swallow [22] to close the ear canal [26]. However, it is envisaged that the neck [104] of this particular configuration can be round, oval, or any shape that works to properly close the ear canal [26].

The torsion spring [184] can be permanently attached to the elbow [180] and the glove [182] with an adhesive such as: cyanoacrylate glue, casein glue, cement glues, resin glues. Alternatively, such connections can be made with an interference fit between the components.

Referring still to Figure 10, in another configuration of the present invention, the hearing protector [100] may differ from the previous configuration, by fixing the spring [184] to the elbow [180] with a rotating connection. Although the rotating connection allows the elbow [180] rotates freely in relation to the spring [184], it is desirable to experience an increase in resistance in rotation when the plug [102] is placed in or next to the ear canal. This is to maintain adequate pressure between the plug [102] and the opening of the ear canal [26], and thus prevent the plug [102] from escaping the ear canal during use. The increase in resistance can be obtained through a stop located between the spring [184] and the elbow 180. Alternatively, the increase in resistance can be obtained in other ways, for example, through a thread. Regardless of the exact structure used to create greater resistance, it is likely to be caused by material interference between the spring [184] and the elbow 180. In addition,

19/34 possibility that the spring [184] in this configuration - in particular may be rigid enough to be ineffective as a real spring.

Referring still to Figure 10, in another configuration of the present invention, the hearing protector [100] can be constructed from a single semi-rigid and flexible part (similar to the configuration in Figure 6) that is reinforced and / or aesthetically improved with additional components. In this configuration, the shoulder region [106] is partially defined by an elbow [180]. The elbow may simply be a cover constructed from a plastic or rubber material, and may look or feel the same, or be different. Likewise, the glove [182] used to cover the arm [108] can extend to partially cover the shoulder [106], as indicated. The glove may be a cover constructed from a plastic or rubber material, which may look or feel the same, or be different. The shoulder part [106] located between the elbow [182] and the glove [182] can be relatively straight for aesthetic reasons.

In another exemplary configuration of the present invention, shown in Figures 11. and 12, the hearing protector [100] can be of unitary construction, or it can be constructed from three separate components. Preferably, the three components include a plug [102] / neck [104], a shoulder [106] and an arm [108]. In this configuration, buffer [102] can be similar to that described for previous configurations. The neck [104] can be connected integrally to the shoulder [106], which are formed from a rigid plastic, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polycarbonate.

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Preferably, the arm [108] is attached to an end of the shoulder [106] opposite the neck [104]. The arm [108] can be the flexible plastic material, as described for the configuration of Figure 6. Preferably, the arm [108] is of a material similar to the relatively soft flexible rubber, which is reinforced with a built-in reinforcement wire. The arm [108] is attached to the end of the shoulder [106] by an adhesive, such as cyanoacrylate glue, casein glue, cement glues, -resin glues. The reinforcement wire is partially incorporated into the shoulder [106] for additional strength in this joint.

Additional configurations of the hearing protector [100] of the present invention are described in Figures 13-25. These configurations differ from the previous configurations in that they can replace the earplug [102] with a specially shaped pillow that generally closes the ear canal [26] and a part of the surrounding shell [24]. This pillow is referred to as an EAM pillow [200] ]. (Ό term EAM ”is an acronym for external auditory canal). In addition, force can be applied exclusively or partially to the EAM cushion [200] by a pressure cushion [202], as described below. This force will create pressure between the EAM cushion [200] and the shell [24]. It is envisaged that the additional pressure, in addition to that provided by the pressure pad [202], can be obtained using the inclined arc described previously in conjunction with the pressure pad [202]. However, the arc is optional, as is the cable [110]. In some configurations, target symbols located on an exposed pressure plate [208] can assist in placing the EAM pad [200] and the pressure pad [202]. In addition, the touch symbols located on the optional cable and / or bow will tell the user where to touch to position the hearing protector [100].

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Referring now to the configurations in Figures 13-16, the hearing protector [100] can be built from a single part, or it can be assembled from two or more separate parts. For example, Figure 13 illustrates a separate EAM cushion [200] attached to a neck [104]. The EAM cushion [200] is a flexible member that can fit a part of the external auditory canal. The pressure pad [202] is connected to the shoulder [106] (Figure 13A) or to an opposite surface of the neck [104] (Figures 14-16). The pressure pad [202] cooperates with the shell [24] to apply force to the EAM pad [200] so that it maintains a desired position in relation to the ear canal [26], and can preferably make a seal between the pad [200] and the shell [24] and / or ear canal [26].

The neck [104] can extend on one side of the shoulder [106] or on another surface of the shoulder, such as, for example, the lower edge [107] mentioned in Figure 13B. The neck [104], regardless of its orientation in relation to at the shoulder [106], it functions as a cube for the EAM cushion [200], and possibly for the pressure cushion [202]. The pressure pad [202] can instead be attached directly to the shoulder [106] and not directly attached to the neck [104] (see Figures 13A and 13B).

Together, the shoulder [106] and the arm [108] form an arc that usually extends from the swallow [20], in the ascending, to where the helix [16] meets the tissue [36], and in the descending, around from the adjacent auricle [12], as far as the shell [24] meets the tissue [36]. The arm [108] may or may not continue to encircle and be in contact with the lobe [14].

22/34

The EAM cushion [200] and the depression cushion [202] can be made of materials with the same or different physical and / or resistance characteristics. In particular, pads [200] and [202] can have the same or different elastic properties, density, compressive strength, etc. The pads [200] and [202] may even have an unstructured structure (not shown). Preferably, however, the EAM cushion [200] is easier to compress and therefore more adjustable to the ear than the pressure cushion [202]. This difference in strength property can be measured using a standardized test method to determine foam compression, for example, Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials} - Laminated, Coated and Urethane Foams Molded, ASTM-D-3574 American Society for Testing and Materials, 2005, hereby incorporated by reference, insofar as they are compatible with the present invention.

Suitable materials from which pads [200] and [202] can be manufactured include all of the foams listed previously for the plug [102]. In addition, foams [200] and [202] can be made from other compatible elastic materials, such as silicone, rubber and the like, regardless of whether or not they have a foam cell structure. In one configuration, the cushion [200] is a foam material as described above, and the cushion [202] is made from a silicone material. Rubber and silicone materials can be characterized by hardness measurements, such as those that can be obtained using the following test method incorporated here, insofar as it is consistent with the present invention: Standard Test for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness (Standard Test for Rubber Properties 23/34

Durometer Hardness), ASTM 2240-05, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2005. Preferably, the pressure pad [202] may be of greater hardness than the EAM pad [200].

In another possibly more cost-effective configuration, the pads [200] [202] are made of the same material, and can even be connected integrally. The term integral is used here in the sense that two or more parts have a homogeneous connection or are continuous with each other. The term unitary is used here in the sense of a direct and permanent connection that connects more than one part, such as by adhesion, fusion, welding, etc. For example, the neck [104] could extend from the bottom surface of the shoulder [106], and the unitary cushion [200/202] could extend externally from each side of the neck [104] and shoulder [106] . In one example, the [200/202] cushions may be similar to the separate [200] and [202] cushions, shown in FIGURE 13B, unless the volume between the separate cushions could be bonded with a material, the same or different for each one or both pads [200] and [202]. This adhesive material may have an integral connection or not between pads [200] and [202]. Non-integral connections include welded, cast, or bonded connections, and the like.

Preferably, the EAM pillow [200] is shaped so that it can be substantially or totally placed close to the human ear canal. Although human anatomy can vary from person to person, the conformity of the material the cushion is made from will be able to compensate for the main variations, and thus be comfortable for most people. However, it is envisaged that the EAM 200 cushion will be available in different sizes in order to

24/34 if you get a more personalized fit. The format of the EAM cushion [200] can resemble both an elliptical dome with an almost elliptical footprint visible on the flat side surface [210] (Figure 19). The EAM cushion can be configured to wrap or be placed partially or totally next to the ear canal, as, for example, with earplugs or semi-insertion or total insertion.

As soon as the EAM cushion [200] seals the ear canal, there are no grooves, cavities or air pockets on the dome surface [214]. Preferably, the material from which the EAM pad is made has a film on its outer surface that facilitates cleaning of the surface due to constant use. The seal close to the ear may not be perfect due to the texture of the skin or hair on the external auditory canal. However, the seal is effective enough to prevent significant sound energy from entering the ear canal.

The pressure pad [202], unlike the EAM pad [200], does not need to create a seal to control the noise, but a sound attenuation may occur due to its presence. The main function of the pressure pad [202] is to apply force to the EAM pad [200] to remain involved or placed partially or totally in the ear canal [26]. In use, the pressure pad [202] is compressed between the shell [24] and the neck [104] (see Figures 15 and 16). Since the shell [24] is not aligned with the ear canal [26] as seen from one side (Figures 13-14), the pressure pad [202] can be compensated from the EAM pad [200].

Preferably, the pressure pad [202] is attached to a pressure plate [208] that extends

25/34 of the shoulder [106] adjacent to the neck [104]. The pressure plate [208] can be a laminated structure that extends from the shoulder or neck (see Figure 20). Preferably, the pressure plate [208] is part of the unitary ear clip structure, and is rigid enough that it does not deform significantly when pressed for the purpose of adjusting the EAM cushion [200] and / or pressure cushion [ 202]. In another configuration, the pressure plate [208] can be selectively removable as described here.

The pressure pad [202] can be shaped for comfort and, if desired, for aesthetics. For the sake of comfort, the edges [252] (see Figure 13) can be rounded to mitigate or create less pressure points on the areas of the au pavilion or ear shell, respectively. that there may be a pattern or symbols printed or displayed as a relief on the outer surface [207] of the pressure plate [202]. Preferably, in this particular configuration of the present invention, the shape of the pressure pad [202] could be a circular or oval discoid, and could be produced as small as possible to reduce material costs, while at the same time serving to create the desired pressure between the neck [104] and the shell [26].

The EAM cushion [200] can connect to the neck [104] in several ways, according to the methods described in Figures 8A-8D. In addition, the EAM cushion [200] can be connected to the neck [104] by a ball and socket, velcro, magnets, stickers, or any other connection that can be selectively broken by the user. For example, the neck can be connected to a rod with a ball-shaped receiver or to other connections as described below in relation to Figure 19.

26/34

The thickness of the cushion [200] can be less than or greater than that shown, and is dependent on the stiffness of the material used for the cushion. Preferably, the EAM 200 pad is thick enough so that the user cannot detect any rigid plastic parts, such as the neck [104] or anything coming out of it.

shoulder [106] is a part of the hearing protector [100] that is likely to suffer a lot of tension as it is bent for placement over the ear. Although in this particular configuration, the shoulder [106] does not suffer significant force after it is placed on the pavilion, it is envisaged that in other configurations, the shoulder [106] may function in part as the ear protector spring [100]. The shoulder [106] may have a curved appearance when viewed from the side, similar to the configuration shown in Figure ± 2. However, several other curvatures are envisaged, or other aesthetic shapes can be incorporated into the shoulder shape [106] without affecting functionality.

In Figures 17-20, yet another configuration of the hearing protector [100] is described. This configuration generally differs from that shown in Figure 13 in several ways. First, it includes an optional cable [110]. As described above, the inclusion of a cable material covering [110] may [109] for local purposes, the functional or hearing protector [100] according to aesthetics. In may include a pressure plate [208] exposed to which the corresponding pressure pad [202] is attached. Third, the arm [108] may include an optional material overlay [119] for functional or aesthetic purposes. The arc is similar to that shown in the configuration

27/34 of Figure 6, unless it cannot function as a torsion spring. The EAM pad [200] can be identical to the one shown in the configuration in Figure 13.

The optional touch symbols [400] can be located on the cable [110] and / or on the optional loop [108], and serve to indicate where the user should · touch the hearing protector [100] to place it. Touch symbols can be defined by a different material, color, texture and / or signs. For example, overlays [109] and [119] define the touch symbols [400] for the configuration shown in Figure 20. The touch symbols may appear and / or convey a different feeling to the user.

Referring to Figure 20, the pressure plate [208] extends from the neck [104], and is oriented perpendicularly to the stem [120], both in the x [226] and y direction [228] . In one configuration, there is an integral connection between the neck [104] and the pressure plate [208]. The shoulder part [106] in the immediate vicinity of the pressure plate [208] is generally oriented in the z direction [230]. In another configuration (not shown), the pressure plate [208] can be detached from the structure of the ear clip and then replaced. For example, a replacement unit defined by a pressure pad [202] and corresponding pressure plate [208] can be selectively detached from the neck [104] or shoulder [106] and then replaced. It is envisaged that the connection may include a ball and socket, velcro, magnets, stickers, or any other connection that can be selectively operated by the user.

The pressure plate [208] may have a rounded shape, such as a semi-discoid structure, as indicated. On the plate surface

28/34 external [221] of the pressure plate [208] (which will be facing the ear when in use), a flange [222] can be extended. The flange [222] can be of arcuate shape, or any shape that corresponds to the shape of the EAM cushion [200].

Referring to Figure 19, the face [224] of the pressure plate (opposite the surface [221]) may have surface symbols, such as an exposed flat surface or a stamped surface. For example, as seen in Figure 19, the face [224] includes surface symbols in the form of a detent [225] to indicate to a user that this is an area where pressure can be applied with a finger to adjust the EAM pad or the pressure pad. circular holder [225] is described in this exemplary configuration, any texture, pattern or symbols can be used for this purpose, such as, for example, an embossed design or a color indicator.

The rod [120] can have a ball-shaped receiver [227] which corresponds to a socket [228] on the EAM pad [200]. Preferably, socket [228] is defined by a cavity in a separate structure [229] that surrounds the rod [120] and the ball-shaped receiver [227]. The EAM cushion [200] is attached to the structure [229], in the forms previously described in relation to Figures 8A-D. The separate structure [229] can be made of materials similar to that of the hearing protection device [100], but it can also be made of a soft and flexible material. However, any other connection between the neck [104] and the EAM cushion [200] can be used (for example, velcro, magnets, stickers, etc.).

29/34

The pressure pad [202] of Figures 1720A is different from that of the configuration of Figure 13, since, preferably, it only partially surrounds a pressure plate. [208] in order to leave part of the pressure plate exposed. The pressure pad [202] has the same general shape as the pressure plate [208] when viewed from above. of the x direction [226]. As best seen in Figure 20A, a flap [250] extends from the outer face [252] of the pressure pad [202], with the flap [250] being configured to surround the flange [222] on the end plate

<td colspan="2">pressure [208] .A</td><td>face</td><td>internal</td><td> [254]</td><td>gives</td><td>cushion</td><td>pressure</td>

<td> [202]</td><td>Can be</td><td>in</td><td colspan="2">direct contact</td><td>with</td><td>the surface</td><td>external</td>

<td> [221]</td><td>of the plate</td><td>in</td><td>pressure,</td><td colspan="2">or can</td><td>include a</td><td>material</td>

adhesive to each other.

For any of the configurations shown in Figures 13A-25, the EAM pad [200] and the pressure pad [202] can be made of the same material (for example, viscoelastic foam) and characterized by one or more properties of the material. For example, the density of the EAM pad [200] and the pressure pad [202] can be from approximately 6 Ibm / ft3 [96.1 Kg / m3] to approximately 20 Ibm / ft3 [320.4 Kg / m3]. More preferably, the density of the EAM pad [200] and the pressure pad can be from approximately 10 Ibm / ft3 [160.2 Kg / m3] to approximately 15 Ibm / ft3 [240.3 Kg / m3] (see ASTM 3524 -05, previously incorporated). 0 compression force deviation by 25 percent (see, ASTM 3574-05, previously incorporated) is preferably from approximately 0.3 psi [0.02 kg / cm2] to approximately 10.0 psi [0.73 kg / cm2] and, more preferably from approximately 0.3 psi [0.02 kg / cm2] to approximately 4.0 psi [0.29 kg / cm2]. In addition, the foam can be described by the cell size, which can be determined using the following test method

30/34 incorporated here insofar as it is consistent with the present invention: Standard Test Method for Open-Content Ce.lled by Rigid Cellular Plastics (Standard Test Method for Open Cell Content of Rigid Cellular Plastics) by the Air Pycnometer, ASTM 2856 -94, American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM Standards Yearbook, 1998. Preferably, the cell size is at least 80 pores per inch, and more preferably at least 100 pores per inch. The cell structure can further be defined as having between approximately 30 percent and 70 percent open cells, and more preferably between approximately 40 percent and 60 percent open cells. In addition, the recovery time for the foam material can preferably be approximately 2 seconds to 120 seconds, and more preferably, approximately 2 seconds to 20 seconds. Consult ASTM D 3574-05, already mentioned. In addition, the water absorption of the foam may preferably be less than approximately 20 percent, and more preferably, less than approximately 5 percent, as calculated using the test method incorporated herein to the extent that it is consistent with the present invention: Standard Test for Water Absorption in 24 Hours / Balance, ASTM D570, American Society of Tests and Materials.

For any of the configurations shown in the Figures. 13A-25, the pressure pad [202] can be made of different materials than the foam used in the manufacture of the EAM pad [200]. For example, the pressure pad [202] can be described as an open cell or cross-linked foam material that can be characterized by the various properties of the material, as determined by the test methods indicated above. When the cross-linked foam is used as a pressure pad [202], the

31/34 foam density can be approximately 1.2 to 2.6 Ibm / ft3 [19.2 to 41.6 Kg / m3]. Most preferably, the density of both the EAM pad [200] and the pressure pad [202] can be approximately 1.5 to 1.9 Ibm '/ ft3. [24.0 to 30.4 Kg / m3]. The 25 percent deviation from the compressive strength is preferably approximately 0.4 to 2.0 psi [0.03 to 0.14 kg / cm2] and, more preferably, approximately 0.65 to 1.2 psi [ 0.04 to 0.08 Kg / cm2]. The foam can be further described by the size of the cell and preferably has a cell size of approximately 40 to 80 pores per inch, and more preferably approximately 50 to 70 pores per inch. The cell structure may preferably have between approximately 40 and 80 percent open cells, and more preferably between approximately 50 and 70 percent open cells. The recovery time for the foam material can preferably be approximately 1 second to 20 seconds, and more preferably, approximately 2 seconds to 4 seconds. The water absorption of the foam may preferably be less than approximately 20 percent, and more preferably less than approximately 5 percent.

Preferably, the thickness of the pad as measured between the outer face [252] and the inner face [254] can be approximately 0.5 to 6.0 mm. · Most preferably, the thickness of the pad as measured between the outer face [ 252] and the inner face [254] can be approximately 1.0 to 3.0 mm.

In Figure 21, an additional configuration of the hearing protector [100] is described. This configuration is almost identical to that described in relation to Figures 17-20, with the exception of the arch that is excluded. Specifically, there is no shoulder

32/34 [106]. Or arm [108]. Although the bow can provide a safety measure against the loss of the hearing protector [100] during use, the advantage provided by the exclusion of the bow is that there is nothing on the user's ear (near the junction [170], Figure 2) that may interfere with the use of glasses. The cable [110] provides greater security when placing and removing the hearing protector [100] - from the ear. All other variations described above, including, but not limited to the use of single pads [200/202] or cable overlays [119] are applicable to this configuration.

In Figures 22-23, yet another configuration of the hearing protector [100] is described. This configuration is almost identical to that described in Figure 21, except for the cable that is excluded. The advantage of this hearing protector is that it may be more comfortable for some than other hearing protectors that are inserted significantly into the ear canal [26] (for example, a foam ear protector that is compressed before being inserted into the ear canal, and then expands into the channel to stay in place). All other variations described above, including, but not limited to the use of unit pads [200/202] will apply to this configuration.

Finally, in Figures 24-25, yet another configuration of the hearing protector [100] is described. This configuration is similar to that described in Figures 22-23, with the exception of the pressure plate that has been enlarged and may include additional sound attenuation for the EAM cushion [200] and the pressure cushion [202], as described previously . In addition, the pressure pad [202] and the EAM pad [200] are one piece and possibly

33/34 integrally connected „In this particular configuration, the pressure pad [202] attaches to the neck 104, and the EAM pad [200] is attached to the pressure pad [202]. Due to its external appearance, the pressure pad is pressed between the EAM cushion [200] and the neck [104]. 'However, internally, the neck [104] may have a flange extending from it that will provide stiffness for the pressure pad [202] (similar to the flange [222] in Figure 20), and / or the neck may include a stem or something like that extending into the EAM cushion [200] (similar to that shown in Figures 6-8). The complete assembly of the EAM cushion [200] pressure cushion [202] can be selectively fixable by ball and socket connections, velcro and magnet, etc., as previously described.

The configuration shown in Figures 24-25 provides the advantages of a muff-type hearing protector without a head strap or any other accessory over the ear. In addition, it can be easier to remove and replace than other muff protectors. As shown in Figures 24 and 25, the pressure plate is stretched enough to fill or almost fill the area defined by the shell [24] and the anti-helix [18]. Since human anatomy varies from individual to individual, the dimensions of the pressure plate [208] in the y direction [228] and z direction [230] may be the most suitable for most adults. The possibility of offering a variety of sizes is provided. In relation to Figures 17-20, it is foreseen that in another configuration, the pressure plate [208] can be configured as indicated and described for the hearing protector in Figure 24.

Referring now to Figures 6-7, 9-12 and 1720, there is still a possibility that the arm [108]

34/34 be shortened or even removed to facilitate placement in the ear. In relation to Figures 17-20, the possibility is that the pressure plate [208] can be configured as indicated in Figures 24 and 25. It is also provided for the possibility that the configurations shown in Figures 13-20 have the EAM cushion [200] replaced by an ear protector design equal to those shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Although only a few exemplary configurations of the present invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that many modifications are possible in the exemplary configurations without materially departing from the new teachings and advantages of the present invention. For example, any of the configurations of the present invention can be adapted for use as a headset (not shown). As a specialist in headset technology, you will find that the electronic components for the transmission of sound can be embedded in the ear clip and attached to the speaker located on the neck [104]. The buffer [102] / EAM pad [200] can at least partially protect the speaker.

When elements of the invention or preferred aspect (s) of the same are inserted, articles one and the other and terms as said are used in the sense that there are one or more elements. Terms such as encompassing, including and having are used in the sense of inclusion and indicate that there may be additional elements in addition to the elements listed.