Electrophotographic image forming apparatus, developing apparatus, and coupling member

"DISCLOSURE DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMATION APPARATUS electrophotographic TO FORM AN IMAGE IN A RECORDING MATERIAL" TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, the apparatus of revelation used in the training set electrophotographic image, and a coupling member used in electrophotographic image forming apparatus. [0002] Examples of electrophotographic image forming apparatus include an electrophotographic copier, an electrophotographic printer (a laser printer, an LED printer, etc.), and the like. [0003] The developing apparatus (developing device) is mounted to a main assembly of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus and discloses an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member. [0004] The developing device includes a developing device of a fixed type used in a state in which it is mounted and fixed on a main assembly of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a developing device type developing cartridge in which a user can mount it on the main set and can take it apart from the main group. [0005] With respect to the developing device fixed type, maintenance is performed by a service charge. On the other hand, with respect to the developing device of the developing cartridge type, maintenance is performed by the user by replacing a developing cartridge on the other.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0006] In a conventional electrophotographic image forming apparatus, the following constitution is known when an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member in the form of drum (hereinafter referred to as a "photosensitive drum") is disclosed. [0007] In a Japanese patent application in the open (JP-A) 2003-202727, a gear (gear 42Y) is provided in a developing device and is engaged in a gear provided in a main assembly of the image forming apparatus . Then, a rotational force of a motor provided in the main assembly is transmitted to a developing roller through the gear provided in the main assembly and the gear provided in the main assembly. Thus, it is known a method of rotating the developing roller. [0008] In addition, an electrophotographic image forming apparatus for colors in which a rotary device rotatable developing in a state in which a plurality of developing devices is mounted on the rotary device disclosure is provided on a device main assembly (JP -The Hei 11-015265). In this apparatus, the following cartridge is known to transmit a rotational force from the apparatus main assembly to the developing devices. Specifically, a coupling on the main assembly side (coupling 71) provided on the apparatus main assembly and a coupling in the developing device side (coupling gear 65) of developing device (developing devices 6Y, 6M, 6C) mounted on a rotary developing device (multicolor developing device 6) are connected, whereby a rotational force is transmitted from the apparatus main assembly to the developing devices. When the coupling on the main assembly side and the coupling in the developing device side are connected, the coupling on the main assembly side is immediately retracted in the apparatus (by spring 74) so ​​as not to hinder the movement of the rotary developing device. Then, the rotary developing device moves such that a predetermined developing device to move in a direction in which the coupling on the main assembly side is provided. Then, the withdrawn coupling on the main assembly side moves toward the mating side of the developing device using a moving mechanism such as a solenoid and the like (solenoid 75, arm 76). Thus, both couplings are connected to each other. Then, a rotational force of a motor provided in the main assembly is transmitted to a developing roller through the coupling on the main assembly side coupling and the developing device side. As a result, the developing roller is rotated. A method such as this is known. [0009] However, in the conventional cartridge described in JP-A 2003-202727, a part of the drive connection between the main assembly and the developing device constitutes an engaging portion for a gear (gear 35) and a gear (gear 42Y ). For this reason, it is difficult to prevent rotation non-uniformity of the developing roller. [0010] In the conventional cartridge described in JP-A Hei 11-015265, as described above, the coupling on the main assembly side (coupling 71) is withdrawn immediately on the device so as not to hinder the movement of the developing device. Additionally, during the transmission of rotational force is required to move the coupling retracted in the main assembly side coupling toward the developing device side. Thus, it is necessary to provide a mechanism for moving the coupling on the main assembly side toward the developing device-side to the apparatus main assembly. Additionally, for imaging, must consider a time required for the coupling of the movement in the main assembly side.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [0011] A main objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus (developing cartridge) capable of solving supradescritos problems of the conventional cartridges, one electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus, and a member of coupling used in the developing apparatus. [0012] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus (developing cartridge) can fit a coupling member provided in the developing device (developing cartridge) in a drive shaft by moving the developing apparatus a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft, even in the case where a main assembly is not provided with a mechanism for moving a coupling member on the main assembly side in the axial direction by a solenoid. The aim of the present invention is also to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and the coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0013] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus (developing cartridge) can fit a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of drive shaft. The aim of the present invention is also to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0014] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus (developing cartridge) capable of rotating gently with a developing roller compared with the case where driving connection of a main assembly and the developing apparatus is performed by means of gears. The aim of the present invention is also to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0015] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus (developing cartridge) capable of fitting in a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction the drive shaft and able to rotate gently with a developing roller. The aim of the present invention is also to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0016] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus which can be assembled and disassembled in a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the shaft drive by movement of a movable member in one direction. The aim of the present invention is also to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0017] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus which can be assembled and disassembled in a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the shaft actuation by movement of a movable member in one direction and capable of smoothly rotating a roll disclosure. The aim of the present invention is also to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0018] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a developing apparatus including a coupling member capable of taking an angular position to the rotational force transmitting to transmit a rotational force from a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus to a developing roller, an angular position pre-engagement in which the coupling member is inclined relative to the angular position to the rotational force transmission and is in a state before being embedded in an application of the rotational force and angular position trip in which the coupling member is inclined angular position to the rotational force transmission in a direction opposite to the angular position pre-engagement to be disengaged from the drive shaft. The aim of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and the coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0019] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus capable of fitting a coupling member provided in the developing device (developing cartridge) in a drive shaft by moving the developing apparatus (cartridge disclosure) in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft, even in the case where a main assembly is not provided with a mechanism for moving a coupling member on the main assembly side in the axial direction by a solenoid. According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and the coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0020] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus capable of fitting a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the shaft drive. According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0021] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to rotate gently with a developing roller compared with the case where driving connection of an apparatus main assembly and the developing apparatus is performed through gears. [0022] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus capable of fitting in a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the shaft drive and capable of turning gently with a developing roller. According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0023] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus which can be assembled and disassembled in a drive shaft provided in the main assembly of the apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft by movement a movable member in one direction. According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0024] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus which can be assembled and disassembled in a drive shaft provided in the main assembly of the apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft by movement a movable member in one direction and able to rotate gently with a developing roller. According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and a coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [0025] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus including a coupling member capable of taking an angular position to the rotational force transmitting to transmit a rotational force from the main assembly of the apparatus to a developing roller, an angular position pre-engagement in which the coupling member is inclined angular position to the rotational force transmission and is in a state before being embedded in a portion of application of rotational force, and a disengaging angular position in which the coupling member is inclined angular position to the rotational force transmission in a direction opposite to the angular position pre-engagement to be disengaged from the drive shaft. [0026] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to engage and disengage a coupling member provided in the developing unit in a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of the apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft by movement of a movable member in one direction. [0027] Further in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to engage and disengage a coupling member provided in the developing unit in a drive shaft provided in a main assembly of the apparatus in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft by movement of a movable member in one direction and also possible to smoothly rotate a roller disclosure. [0028] Further in accordance with the present invention, even when a main assembly is not provided with a mechanism for moving a coupling member on the main assembly side to transmit a rotational force to a developing roller in a member axial direction engagement by a solenoid, it is possible to engage a coupling member provided in the developing apparatus with a driving shaft by movement of a movable member. As a result of the present invention, it is possible to realize an increase in image forming speed. [0029] These and other objectives, features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon a consideration of the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0030] Figure 1 is a side sectional view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0031] Figure 2 is a view in perspective of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0032] Figure 3 is a view in perspective of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0033] Figure 4 is a side sectional view of a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0034] Figure 5 is a perspective view of a developing roller according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0035] Figure 6 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0036] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a developer carrier member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0037] Figure 8 is a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0038] Figure 9 is a sectional side view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0039] Figure 10 is an exploded view of a coupling member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0040] Figure 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0041] Figure 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0042] Figure 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0043] Figure 14 is a perspective view of a coupling according íocom an embodiment of the present invention. [0044] Figure 15 is a perspective view of a rotary member (called hereinafter "the turning device") according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0045] Figure 16 is a perspective view of the rotary apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 15 [0046] Figure 17 is a perspective view of the rotary apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0047] Figure 18 shows a view, seen from the side, of a main assembly of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0048] Figure 19 shows a view of the apparatus main assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, seen from the side. [0049] Figure 20 shows a view of the main assembly of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, seen from the side. [0050] Figure 21 is the figure of the main assembly of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, seen from the side. [0051] Figure 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the process of engagement between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0052] Figure 23 is an exploded perspective view of the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0053] Figure 24 is an exploded perspective view of the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0054] Figure 25 is a perspective view showing the coupling of the release process from the drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0055] Figure 26 is a timing chart of operations of an embodiment of the present invention. [0056] Figure 27 is a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0057] Figure 28 is a perspective view of the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0058] Figure 29 is a perspective view of a drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0059] Figure 30 is a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0060] Figure 31 is a perspective view of the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0061] Figure 32 is a perspective view of a side of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0062] Figure 33 is a partially sectional view of the developing cartridge and an axis of disclosure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0063] Figure 34 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the removal process of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0064] Figure 35 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the engagement process between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0065] Figure 36 is a perspective view of a developer carrier member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0066] Figure 37 is a perspective view of a side of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0067] Figure 38 is a perspective view illustrating the state of engagement between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention and a longitudinal sectional view. [0068] Figure 39 is a perspective view of a developer carrier member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0069] Figure 40 is a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0070] Figure 41 is a perspective view of a side of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0071] Figure 42 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state of engagement between the drive shaft and the coupling in the embodiment of the present invention. [0072] Figure 43 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a state of mounting the coupling on the developer carrier member in the embodiment of the present invention. [0073] Figure 44 is a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0074] Figure 45 is a longitudinal sectional view q ue illustrating a state sandwiched between the shaft and the coupling disclosure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0075] Figure 46 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0076] Figure 47 is a side view of a rotary flange according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0077] Figure 48 is a side view of the rotary flange according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0078] Figure 49 illustrates a coupling location shown in figure 47 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0079] Figure 50 is a sectional view of the drive shaft and the coupling of figure 38 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [0080] Figure 51 is an illustration of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0081] Figure 52 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state before engagement between the drive shaft and the coupling with respect to an embodiment of the present invention. [0082] Figure 53 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0083] Figure 54 is a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0084] Figure 55 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0085] Figure 56 is a perspective view showing the coupling process between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0086] Figure 57 is a perspective view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0087] Figure 58 is a perspective view of the developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0088] Figure 59 is a perspective view illustrating a driving input gear according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0089] Figure 60 is a perspective view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0090] Figure 61 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0091] Figure 62 is an exploded longitudinal section of a coupling and a driving input gear according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0092] Figure 63 is a perspective exploded view of the coupling and support member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0093] Figure 64 is a longitudinal sectional view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0094] Figure 65 is a longitudinal sectional view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0095] Figure 66 is a perspective view showing a fitted state of the developing roller gear and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0096] Figure 67 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the engagement process between the coupling and the drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0097] Figure 68 is a perspective view of the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0098] Figure 69 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the engagement process of the disengagement of the drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention. [0099] Figure 70 is a perspective view of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00100] Figure 71 is a perspective view of a side of a developing cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention (the side plate of the cartridge is omitted). [00101] Figure 72 is a perspective view illustrating a driving input gear according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00102] Figure 73 is a side view of the main assembly of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00103] Figure 74 is a side view of a main assembly of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00104] Figure 75 is a sectional view of the main assembly of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00105] Figure 76 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00106] Figure 77 is a side view and a perspective view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention. [00107] Figure 78 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the process of engagement and disengagement process between the drive shaft and the coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [00108] Next, a cartridge for developing an electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a coupling member according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [00109] In the following embodiments, described is a developer cartridge of the type in which a user can assemble and disassemble the developing cartridge relative to the apparatus main assembly. However, the present invention is also applicable to a developing device which is used in a state in which it is mounted and fixed to the main assembly. [00110] Additionally, the present invention is specifically applicable to a single coupling member (e.g., those shown in Figures 6 (a), 14 (a3), 28 (c), 30 and 77 (b)), a device disclosure (developing cartridge) (e.g., those shown in Figures 2, 57 and 60) and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus (for example, those shown in Figures 5 and 75). Mode 1 (1) Brief description of developing cartridge (developing device) [00111] First, with reference to Figures 1 to 4 will be described a B developer cartridge and a developing device to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied (hereinafter referred to simply as a "cartridge"). Figure 1 is a sectional view of the cartridge B. Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views of the cartridge B. Figure 4 is a sectional view of a main assembly A of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus in colors (hereinafter referred to as a 'core set device "). [00112] This cartridge B can be mounted and dismounted in a rotary device C provided in the apparatus main assembly A by a user. [00113] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the cartridge B includes a developing roller 110.0 developing roller is rotated by receiving a rotational force on the apparatus main assembly A through a coupling mechanism described later during a developing function . In an accommodating frame 114 of the developer a developer t of a predetermined color is accommodated. This developer is fed into a developer chamber 113a in a predetermined amount by rotation of a stirring member 116. The fed developer is supplied to a developing roller surface by rotating a developer supply roller 115 in the sponge-like the developer chamber 113a. This revealing is formed in a thin layer to be supplied with electric charges by triboelectric charge between a blade of revelation thin plate type 112 and the developing roller 110. The developer thin layer formed on the developing roller 110 is fed into a position of developing by rotating. By applying a predetermined developing bias to the developing roller 110 is disclosed an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member (hereinafter referred to as a "photosensitive drum") 107. That is, the electrostatic latent image is revealed the developing roller 110. [00114] In addition, the developer does not contribute to the development of the electrostatic latent image, that is, the remaining residual developer on the developing roller surface 110, is removed by the developer supply roller 115. When same time, a fresh developer is supplied on the surface of the developing roller 110 by the developer supply roller 115. In this manner, a developing operation is successively performed. [00115] The cartridge B includes a developing unit 119. The developing unit 119 includes a developing device frame 113 and the accommodation of the developer frame 114. The developing unit 119 further includes the developing roller 110, the blade 112, revealing the developer supply roller 115, the developer chamber 113a, the developer accommodation frame 14 and the agitation member 116. [00116] The developing roller 110 is rotatable around an axial line L1. [00117] Here, the revelation B cartridge is mounted by the user in a part of the accommodation 130A revelation cartridge fitted in a rotation selection mechanism (rotary device revelation) C of the main assembly of the apparatus A. At this time, the as described above, a drive shaft of the main assembly of the apparatus A and a coupling member as a part of the rotary drive force transmitting cartridge B are connected to one another in mutual relation to an operation in which the cartridge B is placed in a predetermined position (opposing portion to the photosensitive drum) by the developing device C. rotary (rotation selecting mechanism) Thus, similar 110 and developing roller are rotated by receiving a drive force from the main assembly of the apparatus A . (2) Description of electrophotographic image forming apparatus [00118] With reference to Figure 4, one will be described electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the color developing cartridge B described. Next, the description will be made taking a color laser printer as an example of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus in color.

[00119] As shown in Figure 4, a plurality of cartridges B (B1, B2, B3, B4) accommodating developers (toners) different in color is mounted to rotating device C. The mounting and demounting of the cartridge B with respect to the device rotary C are performed by the user. Turning the rotary device C, a B cartridge that accommodates a developer of a predetermined color is disposed opposite the photosensitive drum 107. Then, it revealed an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 107. The developed image is transferred to a Material This disclosure S. recording operation and transfer is performed for each color. As a result, a color image is obtained. A specific description hereinafter will be made. The recording material S is a material on which an image can be formed and includes, for example, paper, OHP sheet and the like. [00120] With reference to Figure 4, the photosensitive drum 107 is irradiated with light based on image information of an optical device 101. By this irradiation, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 107. The electrostatic latent image is developed with a developer by the developing roller 110. The developer image formed on the photosensitive drum 107 is transferred to an intermediate transferring member. [00121] Then, the developer image is transferred to an intermediate transferring belt 104a as the intermediary transfer member is transferred to the recording materials S by means of a second transferring device. Then, the recording material S to which the developer image is transferred is guided to a fixing device 105 including a pressing roller 105a and a heating roller 105b. The developer image transferred to the recording material S is fixed on the recording material S. After the fixation, the recording material S is discharged to a tray 106. [00122] An image forming step will be described more specifically. [00123] In synchronism with the rotation of the intermediate transferring belt 104a, the photosensitive drum 107 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction (figure 4). Then, a surface of the photosensitive drum 107 is electrically charged uniformly by a charging roller 108. The surface of the photosensitive drum 107 is irradiated with light depending on image information, e.g., about a yellow image by the optical device (exposure) 101. Thus, a yellow electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 107. [00124] The display device 101 is constituted as follows. The exposure device 101 irradiates the photosensitive drum 107 with light based on image information read from an external device (not shown). As a result, the electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 107. The display device 101 includes a laser diode, a mirror poyigon, a scanning engine, a lens imaging and a mirror reflection. [00125] Do not show external device is sent one signal image. Through this operation, the laser diode emits light depending on the image signal and the poyigon mirror is irradiated with the light (as image light). The poyigon mirror is rotated at a high speed by the scanner motor to reflect the image light, so that the surface of the photosensitive drum 107 is selectively exposed to light image through the image forming lens and reflecting mirror. As a result, the electrostatic latent image depending on image information is formed on the photosensitive drum 107. [00126] Simultaneously with this formation of electrostatic latent image, the rotary device C is rotated, whereby a yellow cartridge B1 moves for a disclosure position. Then, a predetermined developing bias is applied to the developing roller 110. As a result, a yellow developer is deposited on the electrostatic latent image, and thus the electrostatic latent image is developed with the yellow developer. Then, a bias of an opposite polarity to the developer voltage is applied to a press roller (a protractor primary roller) 104j for the intermediate transferring belt 104a, so that the yellow developer image on the photosensitive drum 107 is primarily transferred to the intermediate transferring belt 104a. [00127] In the manner described above, after the primary transfer of the yellow developer image is completed, the rotary C is rotated device. As a result, a subsequent cartridge B2 is moved to be located in a position opposite to the photosensitive drum 107. The supradescrito process is performed with respect to a magenta cartridge B2, a cyano cartridge B3, and a black cartridge B4. Thus, by repeating the process for each of the colors magenta, cyan and black, four color developer images are overlaid on the intermediate transferring belt 104a. [00128] Incidentally, the yellow cartridge B1 accommodates the yellow developer and form the yellow developer image. The magenta cartridge B2 accommodates a magenta developer and forms a magenta image developer. The cyan cartridge B3 accommodates a cyan developer and forms a cyan image developer. The black cartridge B4 accommodates a black developer and forms a black developer image. [00129] During the formation of supradescrita image, a secondary transferring roller 104b is in a state out of touch with the intermediate transferring belt 104a. A cleaning charge roller 104f is also in a state out of touch with the intermediate transferring belt 104a. [00130] Once the images of four colors revealing are formed in the intermediate transferring belt 104a, the secondary transferring roller 104b is pressed against the intermediate transferring belt 104a (Figure 4). In sync with the protractor secondary roller pressure contact 104b, the recording S stuff waiting in a position near a pair of 103e registration rolls is sent to a contact portion between the transferring belt 104a and the roll transferring 104b. At the same time, a recording material S is fed from a cassette 103a by a feeding roller 103b and a pair of transfer rollers 103c as a feeding device (transfer) 103. [00131] Immediately before the pair of rolls 103e for registration is arranged a sensor 99. The sensor 99 detects a forward end of the recording material S and stops the rotation of the pair of registration rollers 103e, thus placing the recording material S in a standby state in a position pre -determined. [00132] In the transferring roller 104b, a bias of an opposite polarity to the developer voltage is applied, so that the developer images on the transferring belt 104a are simultaneously secondarily transferred to the transferred recording material S. [00133] The material S recording to which the developer images are transferred and conveyed to the fixing device 105 by a transferring belt unit 103f. For the mounting device 105, the fixation of the developer images is performed. The recording material S subjected to the fixation is discharged to a discharge tray 106 disposed at an upper portion of the main assembly of the apparatus by a discharging roller pair 103g. Thus, complete the formation of an image on the recording material S. [00134] After the secondary transfer, the charging roller 104f is pressed against the transferring belt 104a, so that the surface of the belt and I04a developer remaining on the surface of the belt 104a are supplied with the predetermined bias voltage. As a result, residual electric charge is removed. [00135] The residual developer subjected to the charge removal is electrostatically re-transferred from the belt 104a to the photosensitive drum 107 through a contact portion primary transfer. As a result, the surface of the belt 104a is clean. The residual developer re-transferred to the photosensitive drum 107 after the secondary transfer is removed by a cleaning blade 117a which makes contact with the photosensitive drum 107. The removed developer is collected into a residual developer box 107d through a transfer passage (not shown). [00136] Incidentally, the accommodation portion 130a is a chamber in which the supradescrito cartridge B is accommodated and is provided on the rotating device C in a plurality of positions. The rotary device C is rotated in one direction in a state in which the cartridge B is mounted on the camera. As a result, a coupling member (described later) of the cartridge B is connected to a drive shaft 180 provided on the apparatus main assembly A and disconnected from the drive shaft 180. The cartridge B (developing roller 110) moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of the axial line L3 of the drive shaft 180 depending on the rotary device C movement in one direction. (3) Constitution of developing roller [00137] Next, with reference to Figures 5 (a) and 5 (b), a constitution of the developing roller 110 will be described in Figure 5 (a) is a perspective view of the developing roller 110 seen from one side receiving a drive force from the main assembly to the developing roller 110 (hereinafter simply referred to as a "drive side"). Figure 5 (b) is a view in perspective of the developing roller 110 seen from a side opposite the drive side with respect to the axial direction of the developing roller 110 (hereinafter referred to as a "non-driven side"). [00138] The developing roller 110 includes a developing shaft 153 and a rubber part 110a. The revelation shaft 153 is formed of an electrically conductive material such as iron or the like in a form of elongated shaft and is covered with the 110th rubber part except both end parts with respect to the axial direction. The developing shaft 153 is rotationally supported by the developing device frame 113 through bearings (not shown) at both end engaging portions 153d1 and 153d2. Additionally, a cartridge 150 described later is positioned in an end portion 153b on the drive side. The cartridge 150 is embedded in a rotational force transmitting pin 155 described later to transmit a driving force. The rubber part 110 coaxially covers the developing shaft 153. The rubber portion 110 carries the developer and shows the electrostatic latent image by applying a developing bias the shaft 153. [00139] The width regulating members part of Contact 136 and 137 are members for regulating the width of the developing roller of the contact portion 110 with respect to the photosensitive drum 107 at a constant value. [00140] The non-shown bearings are arranged in both end portions 153d1 and 153d2 of the developing roller 110 in order to support rotatably the developing roller 110 in the developing device frame 113 (Figure 1). [00141] A developing gear (not shown) is disposed at the end portion of the drive side 153d1 of the developing roller 110 and fixed to the developing shaft 153. The gear revelation not shown transmits the rotational force received from the main assembly of The apparatus to the developing roller 110 to other rotating members (e.g., the developer supply roller 115, a stirring member, and the like) of the developing cartridge B. [00142] Then, the end portion side drive of the developing shaft 153 at which the cartridge 150 is movably mounted (pivot articulated) will be described more specifically. The end portion 153b has a spherical shape so that the axial line L2 of the cartridge 150 (described later) can be inclined smoothly. In the vicinity of one end of the developing shaft 153, the drive force transmitting pin 155 for receiving the rotational force from the cartridge 150 is disposed in a direction transverse to the axial line L1 of the developing shaft 153. [00143] The pin 155 as the rotational force transmitting portion is formed of metal and fixed in the developing shaft 153 by a method such as pressure coupling, glue or the like. The fixing position may be any position at which a drive force (rotational force) can be transmitted, i.e. a direction transverse to the axial line L1 of the developing shaft (developing roller). It is desirable that the pin 155 passes through a spherical center P2 (Figure 10b) of the end portion 153b of the developing shaft 153. This occurs due to the rotational force transmission diameter always be kept at a constant level, even in the case where the axial line L1 of the developing shaft 153 and the axial line L2 of the cartridge 150 deviate slightly from one another. For this reason, it is possible to perform stable transmission of rotational force. The rotational force transmitting point may be provided in any position. However, in order to transmit a driving torque (rotating force) with reliability and improve an assembly characteristic, a single pin 155 is employed in this embodiment. The pin 155 passes through the center P2 of the end spherical surface 153b. As a result, the pin 155 (155a1 and 155a2) is disposed so as to be projected at positions 180-degree opposite to each other on a peripheral surface of the drive shaft. That is, the rotational force is transmitted in two points. In this embodiment, the pin 155 is fixed to the end portion side of 5 mm from the end of the drum shaft 153. However, the present invention is not limited to this. [00144] Incidentally, an electrical contact revelation of the main assembly side (not shown) is provided in device main assembly A so as to make contact with an end portion on the side not drive 153c of the electroconductive developing shaft 153. an electrical contact (not shown) of the developing cartridge and the electrical contact of the main assembly side of revelation come in contact with each other. Thus, a bias high voltage is supplied by the apparatus main assembly A to the developing roller 110. (4) Description of rotating driving force transmitting (coupling, coupling member) [00145] A coupling method ( coupling member) which is a part of the rotary drive power transmission as a main constituent member of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 6 (a) to 6 (f). Figure 6 (a) is a perspective view of the coupling side of the apparatus main assembly and Figure 6 (b) is a perspective view of the coupling seen from the side of the photosensitive drum. Figure 6 (c) is a coupling of the view taken in a direction perpendicular to a direction of an axis of rotation of the coupling L2. Figure 6 (d) is a side view of the coupling at the main assembly side of the apparatus and Figure 6 (e) is a side view of the coupling of the photosensitive drum. Figure 6 (f) is a sectional view of the coupling taken along line S3 - S3 shown in Figure 6 (d). [00146] The revelation B cartridge is mounted desanexável way in the accommodation cartridge 130a in the rotary device C provided on the main unit assembly A. [00147] This assembly is performed by the user. The rotary device C is rotationally driven and stopped in a position in which the cartridge B reaches a predetermined position (developing position at which the cartridge B is located opposite to the photosensitive drum 107). Through this operation, the coupling (coupling member) 150 fits into a drive shaft 180 provided on the apparatus main assembly A. Further, the rotary device C is rotated in one direction to move the cartridge B from the preset position determined (developing position). That is, the cartridge B is retracted from the predetermined position. As a result, the coupling 150 moves away from the drive shaft 180. The coupling 150 receives the rotational force of a motor 64 (Figure 17) provided in the apparatus main assembly A in a state of engaging the drive shaft 180 . The coupling 150 transmits the rotational force to the developing roller 110. As a result, the developing roller 110 is rotated by the rotational force received from the apparatus main assembly A. [00148] In the manner described above, the drive shaft 180 has a pin 182 (part application of rotational force) and is rotated by the motor 64. [00149] A material for the coupling 150 is a resin material such as polyacetal, polycarbonate or the like. In order to increase the rigidity of the coupling 150, it is also possible to increase the rigidity by incorporating glass fiber or the like in the resin material depending on a load torque. Additionally, it is also possible to employ a metal material. Thus, the material for the coupling 150 may be appropriately selected. However, the coupling made of resin can be easily processed, so that the respective cartridges in this embodiment are formed of resin material. [00150] The coupling 150 mainly comprises three parts. [00151] The first part is engageable with the drive shaft 180 (to be described below) as shown in Figure 6 (c) and is driven portion 150a for receiving the rotational force from the rotational force transmitting pin 182 which is part application of rotational force (rotational part of force transmission from the main assembly side) provided on the drive shaft 180. Moreover, the second part is engageable with the pin 155 provided on the drive shaft 180. Moreover, the second part is engageable with the pin 155 provided in the developing device shaft 153, and is driven portion 150b to transmit rotational force to the developing roller 110. Moreover, the third portion is an intermediate portion 150c for connecting the driven portion 150a and driving portion 150b on one another (Figure 8 (c) and (f)). [00152] As shown in Figure 6 (f) the driven portion 150a is provided with an opening portion of drive shaft insertion 150m which expands toward the rotation axis L2. The drive portion 150b has an opening portion for insertion of the developing device shaft 1501. [00153] The opening 150m is defined by a conical surface for receiving the drive shaft 150f that extends in the direction of the shaft side drive 180 (Figures 9 to 13). The receiving surface 150f constitutes a recess 150z shown in Figure 6 (f). The recess 150z includes the opening 150m at a position opposite the developing roller 110 with respect to the direction of the axis L2. [00154] Thus, regardless of the developing roller rotation stage 110 in the cartridge B, the coupling 150 can move (pivot) between an angular position pre-engagement (Figure 22 (a)), an angular position transmission rotational force (Figure 22 (d)) and a disengaging angular position (Figures 25 (a) (d)) with respect to the axis L3 of the drive shaft 180 without being prevented by the part of the free end 182a of drive shaft 180 . Its details will be described below. [00155] A plurality of projections (the engaging parts) 150d (150d1 - 150d4) is provided at equal intervals on a circumference about the axis L2 on an end surface of the recess 150z. Between adjacent projections 150d are provided input parts 150k (150k1, 150k2, 150k3, 150k4). The interval between the adjacent projections 150d1 - 150d4 is larger than the outer diameter of pin 182, so that the rotational force transmitting pin provided on the drive shaft 180 (part application of rotational forces) 182 are received. The pins are implementing parts of the rotational force. The recesses between adjacent projections are parts of 150kl-150k4 entry. When the rotational force is transmitted from the drive shaft 180 to the coupling 150, the pins 182 are received by either input 150k1-150k4 parts. Furthermore, in Figure 6 (d), the receiving surfaces of the rotational force (receiving rotational force of the parts) 150e (150e1-150e4) are provided on the upstream side with respect to the clockwise direction (X1) of each projection 150d . The receiving surface 150el-150e4 extends in the transverse direction to the rotational direction of the coupling 150. More particularly, the projection 150dl has a receiving surface 150e1, the projection 150d2 has a receiving surface 150e2, the projection 150d3 has a surface receiving 150e3, and a projection 150d4 has a receiving surface 150e4. In the state where the drive shaft 180 rotates, the pin 182a1, 182a2 makes contact with any of the receiving surfaces 150e. In doing so, the receiving surface 150e contact the pin 182al, 182a2 is pushed by the pin 182. In this way, the coupling 150 rotates around the axis L2. [00156] In order to stabilize the transmission torque transmitted to the coupling 150 as much as possible, it is desirable to have the receiving surface of the rotational force 150e on an imaginary circle (the same circumference) that has a center on the axis L2 (Figure 6 (d)). Thus, the rotational force transmission radius is constant and the torque transmitted to the coupling 150 is stabilized. Moreover, as for the projections 150d, it is preferable that the position of the coupling 150 is stabilized by the balance of forces which the coupling 150 receives. For this reason, in this embodiment, the receiving surfaces 150e are disposed in diametrically opposed positions (180 degrees). More particularly, in this embodiment, the receiving surface 150el and the receiving surface 150e3 are diametrically opposed relative to one another, and the receiving surface 150e2 and the surface 150e4 are diametrically opposed relative to one another. By this arrangement, the forces which the coupling 150 receives constitute a couple of forces. Therefore, the coupling 150 can continue rotary motion only receiving the force couple. For this reason, the coupling 150 can rotate without the necessity of being specified in the position of its axis of rotation L2. Furthermore, for the quantity, since the pin 182 of the drive shaft 180 (the part application of rotational force) can penetrate into the input portions 150k (150k1-150k2), it is possible to suitably select them. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the four receiving surfaces are provided. This embodiment is not limited to this example. For example, the receiving surfaces 150e (projections 150d1-150d4) need not be arranged on the same circumference (the imaginary circle Cl and Figure 6 (d)). [00157] That is not necessary to arrange them in diametrically opposite positions. However, supradescritos effects can be provided to disposing the receiving surfaces 150e in the manner described above. [00158] Here, in this embodiment, the diameter of the pin is approximately 2 mm and the circumferential length of the entrance portion 150k is approximately 8 mm. The circumferential length of the entrance portion 150k is an interval between adjacent projections 150d (the imaginary circle). The dimensions are not limiting to the invention. [00159] Similarly to the opening 150m, an insertion opening portion of the developing device shaft 1501 has a tapered surface receiving the rotational force 150i of an expanded part which expands toward the developing device shaft 153. The surface receiving 150i is a recess 150q, as shown in Figure 6 (f). [00160] Thus, regardless of rotation phase of the developing roller 110 in the cartridge B, the coupling 150 can move (pivot, joint) between an angular position of rotational force transmission angular position to the pre-engagement and one disengaging angular position to the axis L1 without being prevented by the free end portion of the developing device shaft 153. The recess 150q is constituted in the illustrated example by a conical receiving surface 150i which it has centering on the axis L2. The reserve openings 150g1 150g2 or ("openness") are provided on the receiving surface 150i (Figure 6 (b)). As for the coupling 150, the pins 155 can be inserted in this opening 150g1 and 150g2 so that they can be mounted on the developing device shaft 153. And, the size of the openings 150g1 and 150g2 is larger than the outer diameter of the pin 155. Thus proceeding, regardless of rotation phase of the developing roller 110 in the cartridge B, the coupling 150 is movable (pivotable, swingable) between the angular position of rotational force transmission and the angular position pre-engagement (or angular trip position) as will be described hereinafter without being prevented by the pin 155. [00161] More particularly, the projection 150d is provided adjacent the free end of the recess 150z. And the projections (projection portions) 150d protrude toward cross the intersection rotational direction in which the coupling 150 rotates, and are provided with intervals along the rotational direction. And, in the state where the cartridge B is mounted on the rotary device C, receiving surfaces 150e fit or support in pin 182, and are pushed by pin 182 which receives the force of the drive shaft that rotates. [00162] Thus, the receiving surfaces 150e receive the rotational force from the drive shaft 180. In addition, the receiving surfaces 150e are disposed equidistant from the axis L2, and constitute a pair which interposes the axis L2 and are constituted by the surface in the direction intersecting the projections 150d. Moreover, the inlet portions (recesses) 150k are provided along the rotational direction, and they are lowered in the direction of the axis L2. [00163] The entrance portion 150k is formed as a space between adjacent projections 150d. In the state where the cartridge B is mounted to the rotating device C in the case where the drive axis for rotation, the pin 182 enters the entrance portion 150k when the coupling engages the drive shaft 180 and the pin 182 axis drive that rotates 180 pushes the receiving surface 150e. Or, in the case where the drive shaft 180 has already rotated when the coupling engages the drive shaft 180, the pin 182 enters the entrance portion 150k and pushes the receiving portion 150e. [00164] Thus, the coupling 150 rotates. [00165] The receiving surface of the rotational force (receiving member of rotational force (part)) 150e can be arranged on the receiving surface of the drive shaft 150f. Or, the receiving surface 150e can be provided on the part projecting out from the receiving surface 150f with respect to the direction of the axis L2. When the receiving surface 150e is disposed on the receiving surface 150f to 150k inlet portion is disposed on the receiving surface 150f [00166] More particularly, the 150K input part is the recess provided between the projections 150d on the arcuate portion of the surface receiving 150f. Furthermore, when the receiving surface 150e is disposed at the position which protrudes out of the entrance portion 150k is the recess positioned between the projections 150d. Here, the recess may be a through hole extended in the direction of the axis L2, or may be closed at one end thereof. More particularly, the recess is provided by the empty region provided between the projection 150d. What is required is only able to penetrate the pin 182 in the region in the state where the cartridge B is mounted on the rotary device C. [00167] These reserve part of structures similarly apply to embodiments which will be described below. [00168] In figure 6 (e), the rotational force transmission surfaces (the parts rotational force transmitting) 150h and (150h1 and 150h2) are provided on the upstream side with respect to the counterclockwise direction (X2) , the opening or 150g1 150g2. And the rotational force is transmitted from the coupling 150 to the developing roller 110 by convection sections 150h1 or 150h2 that make contact with the pins 155a1, 155a2. More particularly, the transmitting surfaces 150h1 and 150h2 push the side surface of the pin 155. Thus, the coupling 150 rotates with its center aligned with the axis L2. The transfer surface 150h1 and 150h2 extends in the transverse direction to the rotational direction of the coupling 150. [00169] Similarly to the projection 150d, it is desirable transmission surfaces 150h1 and 150h2 diametrically opposed relative to one another on the same circumference. [00170] At the time of manufacturing the coupling member 150 with a barrel injection molding, the intermediate portion 150c may become thin. This occurs due to the coupling is manufactured so that the receiving part 150a of the operating force, the driving portion 150b and intermediate portion 150c have a substantially uniform surface. the support member includes a guide 140L2 during mounting and dismounting of the cartridge B with respect to an accommodating portion 130a provided on the rotary device C and 140L1 cylinder for positioning the cartridge B in the accommodation part 130a. And supradescrito coupling 150 is disposed in an inner space 157b of a cylinder portion 157c provided coaxially with the developing roller (not shown). In an inner peripheral surface 157i constituting the space 157b 157e1 and 157e2 ribs are provided for retaining the coupling 150 in the cartridge B. The ribs 157e1 and 157e2 are provided opposite to each other with respect to a movement direction X4 of the cartridge B (direction rotating the rotary device C). The support member 157 is provided with positioning portions 157d1 and 157d2 to affix it on the developing device frame 113 and provided with holes 157g1 and 157g2 which penetrate the fixing screw. [00175] (6) coupling support constitution with respect to the cartridge frame [00176] With reference to Figure 8 - Figure 13, it will be made a description of the supporting constitution (mounting constitution) of the developing roller 110 and the coupling 150 with respect to the developing device frame (cartridge frame) 113. Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the drive side, of the main part of the cartridge around the developing roller. Figure 9 is a sectional view taken along S4-S4 of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a sectional view taken along an axis L1 disclosure, illustrating a state before mounting the coupling member and support. Figure 11 is a sectional view illustrating a state after mounting. Figure 12 is a sectional view when the axis L2 of the coupling is substantially coaxially aligned with the axis L1 of the developing roller. Figure 13 is a sectional view illustrating a state after the rotational engagement at 90 degrees from the state of Figure 12. Figure 14 is a perspective view which illustrates the combined state of the developing roller shaft and the coupling. Figures 14 (b1) - (b5) are perspective views, and Figures 15 (al) - (a5) are views from the direction of the axis L1. [00177] As shown in Figure 14, the coupling 150 is mounted so that its axis L2 can incline in any direction relative to the axis L1 of the developing roller shaft 153 (developing roller). [00178] In Figure 14 (a1) and Figure 14 (b1), the axis L2 of the coupling 150 is coaxial with the axis L1 of the developing roller 153. The state when the coupling 150 is inclined upward from this state is illustrated in Figure 14 (a2) and Figure 14 (b2). As shown in these figures, when the axis L2 is inclined toward the side of the opening 150g, the pin moves within the opening 150g when these members are relatively viewed from the base of the coupling. As a result, the coupling 150 is inclined about an axis AX (Figure 12 (a2)) perpendicular to the opening 150a. [00179] In Figure 14 (b3) is shown the state where the coupling 150 is tilted to the right. As shown in this figure, when the axis L2 inclines in the orthogonal direction of the opening 150g, the pin turns into the opening 150g when these members are seen in relation to the coupling base. The axis of rotation is the axis AY (Figure 14 (a3)) of the transmission pin 155. [00180] The states where the coupling 150 is inclined downwardly and to the left are shown in Figures 14 (a4) and ( b4) and Figures 14 (a5) and (b5), respectively. The coupling 150 inclined about each of the axes AX and AY. [00181] In different directions of tilt direction described above, for example, in an intermediate position in the inclination direction in Figures 14 (a2) and 14 (a3), and each of the intermediate positions in the inclination directions in Figures 14 (a3) and 14 (a4) and Figures 14 (a5) and 14 (a2), the inclination is made by combining the rotations in the directions of the rotational axes AX and AY. Thus, the axis L2 can be pivoted in any direction relative to the axis L1. At this time, the pin 155 is provided on the developing roller shaft 153. More particularly, the pin 155 protrudes from a peripheral surface of the developing roller shaft 153. The coupling 150 disposed opposite to the pin 155 is provided with the opening 150g. The size of the opening 150g is set so that the pin does not interfere with the pin when the axis L2 is inclined relative to the axis L1. [00182] More particularly, the transmitting surface (rotational force of the transmission) 150h is movable relative to the pin (receipt of the rotational force) 155 (Figure 14). The pin 155 has the transmitting surface 150 in the movable condition. And the transmitting surface 150h and the pin 155 fit each other in the rotational direction of the coupling 150. In addition, the clearance is provided between the transmitting surface 150h and the pin 155. Therefore, the coupling 150 is movable (pivotable, swingable) in all directions substantially relative to the axis L1. [00183] It has been mentioned that the axis L2 is oblique or inclinable in any direction relative to the axis L1. However, the axis L2 does not necessarily need to be linearly at predetermined oblique angle across the track 360 toward the coupling 150. For example, the opening 150g can be selected to be slightly larger in the circumferential direction. In doing so, the time of the axis L2 incline relative to the axis L1, even if it is the case where it can not tilt in the predetermined angle linearly, the coupling 150 can rotate at a slight angle around the axis L2. Therefore, it can be tilted at the predetermined angle. In other words, the amount of play in the rotational direction of the opening 150g is selected properly if necessary. [00184] In this manner, the coupling 150 is swingable revolvível or substantially the entire circumference in relation to the axis L1 of the developing roller 110. More particularly, the coupling 150 is pivotable substantially throughout its circumference in relation to the drum axis 153. [00185] Furthermore, as will be understood by displayed explanation, the coupling 150 can rotate substantially in the circumferential direction of the drum shaft 153. Here, the turning motion is not a motion with which the coupling itself rotates around the axis L2, but the inclined axis L2 rotates around the axis L1 of the developing roller, although the swivel here does not prevent rotation of the coupling per se around the axis L2 of the coupling 150. [00186] It was mentioned that the axis L2 is oblique or inclinable in any direction relative to the axis LI. However, the axis L2 does not necessarily need to be oblique in a linear pre-determined angle across the track 360 toward the coupling 150. For example, the opening 150g can be selected to be slightly larger in the circumferential direction. In so doing, it is the moment when the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis LI, even the case where it can not tilt in the predetermined angle linearly and the coupling 150 can rotate at a slight angle about the axis geometric L2. Therefore, it can be tilted at predetermined angle. In other words, the amount of play in the rotational direction of the opening 150g is properly selected, if necessary, in this manner and the coupling 150 is revolvível or oscillatable substantially the entire circumference in relation to the drum axis (receiving member rotational force) 153 . More particularly, the coupling 150 is pivotable substantially throughout its circumference in relation to the drum shaft 153, furthermore and as will be understood by displayed explanation, the coupling 150 can rotate substantially the entire circumferential direction of the drum shaft 153 . Here the turning movement is not a movement with which the coupling itself rotates around the axis 12, but the inclined axis L2 rotates around the axis L1 of the photosensitive drum while turning here does not prevent rotation the coupling per se around the axis L2 of the coupling 150. [00187] Moreover, the movable range in all directions substantially is the range in which, when the user mounts the cartridge B to the main assembly of the apparatus A, coupling can move to the angular position independent rotational force transmitting the phase of the drive shaft which is part of the application of rotational force. Moreover, it is the range in which, in disengaging the coupling from the drive shaft, the coupling can move to the disengagement angular position independently of the stop phase angle of the drive shaft. [00188] Moreover, the coupling is provided with a clearance between the part of rotational force transmission (rotational force transmitting surface 150h, for example) and the receiving part of the rotational force (pin 155, for example) to coupling so that it is pivotable substantially in all directions relative to the axis L1. Thus, the coupling is mounted at the end of the cartridge B. For this reason, the coupling is the movable substantially in all directions relative to the axis L1. [00189] This structure is similar to the coupling procedures as will be described below. [00190] The assembly process will be described. [00191] After mounting the developing roller 110 rotatably on the developing device frame 113, the pin 155 is mounted in the developing shaft 153. Then, the developing gear 145 is mounted in the developing shaft 153. [00192] Then, as shown in Figure 10, the coupling 150 and the support member 157 are inserted in the direction X3. First, the driving portion 150b is inserted toward the direction X3 downstream, while maintaining the axis L2 of the coupling 150 in parallel with X3. At this time, the phase of the pin 155 of the developing shaft 153 and the phase of the opening 150g of the coupling 150 married to each other, and the pin 155 is inserted into the openings 150g1 and 150g2. And the portion of the developing shaft 153 free end 153b is supported on the receiving surface 1501 of the coupling 150. The free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 is the spherical surface and the receiving surface 1501 is a surface coupling 150 tapered. Therefore, the portion of the drive side 150b of the coupling 150 is positioned at the center (the center of the spherical surface) of the free end portion 153b of the development shaft 153. As will be described below, when the coupling 150 to rotate the force transmitting drive (rotational force) from the main assembly of the apparatus A, the pin 155 positioned in opening 150g make contact with the surfaces of rotational force transmission 150h1 and 150h2 (Figure 6b). Thus, the rotational force can be transmitted. Then, one 157w of the end surfaces of the support member 157 is inserted downstream with respect to the direction X3. Thus, a part of coupling 150 is received in the space 157b of the supporting member 157. And the support member 157 is fixed to the developing frame 113 and thus a full disclosure cartridge B is mounted. [00193] The dimensions of the various parts of the coupling 150 will be described. As shown in Figure 10 (c), the maximum outer diameter of the part driven 150a of the coupling 150 is OD2, the maximum outer diameter 150b drive part is (PD1, and a small diameter of the opening 150g is d> D3. In addition more, the maximum outer diameter of the pin 155 is OD5, and the inner diameter of the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is <t> D4. Here, the maximum outer diameter is the outer diameter of a maximum rotation place around the rotational axis Li of the developing roller 110. The maximum outer diameter OD1, and OD3 coupling 150 is related to the outside diameter of the local maximum rotation around the axis L2. At this time, since OD5 <OD3 is satisfied , the coupling 150 can be mounted to the predetermined position by direct mounting operation in the direction X3 and therefore the mounting feature is high. The diameter OD4 internal surface of the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is greater than OD2 coupling 150, and smaller than ΦϋΙ (Φϋ2 <Φϋ4 <Φϋ1). Thus, only the step of attaching the direct X3 direction is sufficient to assemble the supporting member 157 in the predetermined position. For this reason, the mounting characteristic can be improved (the state after assembly shown in Figure 11). [00194] As shown in Figure 11, the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is disposed very close to a part of the flange 150j of the coupling 150 in the direction of the axis L1. More specifically, in the direction of the axis L1, the distance from an end surface 150j1 of the flange portion 150j to the axis of the pin 155 is n1. Moreover, the distance from an end surface 157e1 of the rib 157e to the other end surface 157j2 of the flange portion 150j is n2. The distance n2 <n1 is satisfied away. [00195] Moreover, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L1, the flange portion 150j and 157e1,157e2 ribs are arranged so that they are superposed one over the other. More specifically, the distance n4 (amount of the overlapping) from the inner surface 157e3 of the rib 157e to the outer surface 150j3 of the flange portion 150j is the overlapped amount n4 with respect to the direction orthogonal to the axis L1. [00196] For these adjustments, the pin 155 is prevented from disengaging from the opening 150g. That is, the movement of the coupling 150 is limited by the support member 157. Thus, the coupling 150 disengages from the cartridge no. The release prevention can be accomplished without additional parts. The above described dimensions are desirable from the standpoint of reducing manufacturing and assembly costs. However, the present invention is not limited to these dimensions. [00197] In the manner described above in figures 9, 11 and 12, the receiving surface 1501 is that the recess 150q of the coupling 150 is in contact with the free end surface 153b of the developing shaft 153 which is the projection. Therefore, the coupling 150 is hinged along part of the free end (spherical surface) 153b about the F2 center of the free end (spherical surface) 153b in other words, the axis L2 is movable substantially in all directions, independent of the phase of the drum shaft 153. The axis L2 of the coupling 150 is movable (pivotable, revolvível, movable) in all directions substantially. As will be described below, in order that the coupling 150 can engage the drive shaft 180, the axis L2 is inclined in the downstream direction with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary device C in relation to the axis L1, just before the coupling. In other words, as shown in Figure 17, the axis L2 is inclined so that the driven portion 150a of the coupling 150 is positioned on the downstream side with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. [00198] A more detailed description will be made. [00199] As shown in Figure 12, a distance n3 between a part of the maximum outer diameter and the support member 157 of the drive portion 150b of the coupling 150 is selected so that a slight clearance is provided between them. Thus, the coupling 150 is pivotable. [00200] As shown in Figure 7, the 157e1 and 157e2 are semi-circular ribs ribs extending in parallel with the axis L1. The ribs 157e1 and 157e2 are perpendicular to the rotational direction X4. [00201] Furthermore, the distance n2 (Figure 11) in the direction of the axis L1 of the rib 157e to the part of the flange 150j is smaller than the distance N1 from the center pin 155 to part of the edge of the drive side 150b . Thus, the pin 155 disengages no openings 150g1 and 150g1. [00202] Therefore, as shown in Figure 9, the driven portion 150a is quite pivotable in the direction X4 relative to the axis L2 of the coupling 150. In other words, the driving portion 150b is quite pivotable toward the side not provided with the rib 150e (perpendicular to the drawing sheet). Figure 9 illustrates the state after the axis L2 is inclined. Moreover, the coupling 150 can also be movable state inclined axis L2 shown in Figure 9 to the state substantially parallel to the axis L1 shown in figure 12. In this way, 157e1 and 157e2 are arranged ribs. In doing so, the axis L2 of the coupling 150 may be pivotable relative to axis L1, and, furthermore, the developing frame and 13 can be prevented from disengaging from the coupling 150. Both effects can be provided. [00203] The coupling 150 has a play (the distance n2) in the direction of the geometric axis L1 relative to the development shaft 153. Therefore, the receiving surface 150i (the conic surface) may not always be comfortable in contact with the part the free end of the drum shaft 153b (the spherical surface). In other words, the pivot center may deviate from the P2 center of curvature of the spherical surface. However, even in a case like this, the axis L2 is rotatable or pivotable relative to the axis L1. For this reason, the purpose of this embodiment can be realized. [00204] Furthermore, α inclination maximum possible angle (Figure 9) between the axis L1 and the axis L2 is limited to half the taper angle (A1, figure 6 (f)) between the axis L2 and the receiving surface 150i. The apex angle of the conical shape of the receiving surface 1501 of the coupling 150 can be appropriately selected. In doing so, the tilt angle a4 of the coupling 150 is set at the optimum value. The shape of the columnar portion I53a of the developing shaft 153 may be simply cylindrical. Thus, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. [00205] The size of the opening 150g in the standby state is selected so that the pin 155 may not interfere when the axis L2 inclines in the manner previously described herein. [00206] The location of the flange portion 150j when the driven portion 150a side inclines in the direction X5 is illustrated by region T1 in Figure 13. shown in the figure, even if the coupling 150 tilt, interference with the pin 155 does not occur, and therefore the part of the flange 150j may be provided around the circumference of coupling 150 (Figure 6 (b)). In other words, the shaft receiving surface 150i has conical shape, and therefore, when the coupling 150 inclines, the pin 155 does not enter the IT region. For this reason, the coupling band 150 is cut minimized. Therefore, the rigidity of the coupling 150 can be assured. (7) Description of constitution of rotary device (moving member, rotation selecting mechanism) of apparatus main assembly [00207] Next, with reference to Figures 15 to 21, a constitution of the rotary device C will be described as the movable member . Figures 15 and 16 are perspective views of the rotary device C in a state in which the developing cartridge B is not mounted. Figure 17A is a perspective view showing a state in which a single developing cartridge B is mounted to the rotary device C. Figures 18 to 21 are side views showing the rotating device C, the photosensitive drum 107, a railroad drive and the revelation cartridge B. [00208] Towards the axial line L1, rotary flanges 50L and 50R are provided on both sides of the end. Outside the rotary flanges 50L and 50R toward the axial line L1, rotating side plates 54L and 54R are provided respectively. The rotary flanges 50L and 50R and a central shaft 51 thereof are rotatably supported by the side plates 54L and 54R located further out in the direction of the axial line L1. [00209] In the opposite surfaces 50lb and pair of 50Rb flanges 50L and 50R are provided main assembly guides notch 130L1, 130L2, 130L3, 130L4, 130R1, 130R2, 130R3 and 130R4 used during assembly and disassembly of the cartridge B with relative to the rotary device C (part 130A of accommodation). Along these main assembly guides provided in the main assembly of the apparatus A, are inserted cartridge side guides 140R1, 140R2, 140L1 and 140L2 (Figures 2 and 3) of the cartridge B. That is, the cartridge B can be mounted and dismounted in rotary device C. The cartridge B is mounted desanexável way on the rotary device C by the user. [00210] More specifically, at one end of the cartridge B (BI) with respect to a longitudinal direction of the cartridge B (B1), are provided guides 140R1 and 140R2. In addition, the other longitudinal end of the cartridge B (B1), are provided guides 140L1 and 140L2. The user holds the cartridge B and inserts the 140R1 and 140R2 130R1 tabs on the tab provided on the rotary device C. Similarly, the user enters the guides 140L1 and 140L2 130L1 guide provided on the rotary device C: Therefore, the cartridge B is mounted desanexável form 130A on the accommodation provided in the rotary device C by the user. That is, the cartridge B is guided by the above described guides and is assembled and disassembled in the accommodation portion 130A with respect to a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cartridge B (developing roller 110). The cartridge B is mounted in a direction in which the longitudinal direction intersects a rotational direction X4 of the rotary device C. Therefore, the cartridge B (coupling) provided at one longitudinal end of the cartridge B moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to axis drive device 180 by rotation of the rotary C. The cartridge B mounted in the device rotat the coupling 150 can rotate substantially the entire circumferential direction of the drum shaft 153. Here rotating motion is not a motion with which the coupling itself rotates around the axis 12, but the inclined axis L2 rotates around the axis L1 of the photosensitive drum, although the swivel here does not prevent rotation of the coupling per se around the axis L2 of the coupling 150. [00187] Moreover, the movable range in all directions substantially is the range wherein when the user mounts the cartridge B on the apparatus main assembly A, the coupling can move to the angular position independent rotational force transmitting the phase of the drive shaft which is part of the application of rotational force. Moreover, it is the range in which, in disengaging the coupling from the drive shaft, the coupling can move to the disengagement angular position independently of the stop phase angle of the drive shaft. [00188] Moreover, the coupling is provided with a clearance between the part of rotational force transmission (rotational force transmitting surface 150h, for example) and the receiving part of the rotational force (pin 155, for example) to coupling so that it is pivotable substantially in all directions relative to the axis L1. Thus, the coupling is mounted at the end of the cartridge B. For this reason, the coupling is the movable substantially in all directions relative to the axis L1. [00189] This structure is similar to the coupling procedures as will be described below. [00190] The assembly process will be described. [00191] After mounting the developing roller 110 rotatably on the developing device frame 113, the pin 155 is mounted in the developing shaft 153. Then, the developing gear 145 is mounted in the developing shaft 153. [00192] Then, as shown in Figure 10, the coupling 150 and the support member 157 are inserted in the direction X3. First, the driving portion 150b is inserted toward the direction X3 downstream, while maintaining the axis L2 of the coupling 150 in parallel with X3. At this time, the phase of the pin 155 of the developing shaft 153 and the phase of the opening 150g of the coupling 150 married to each other, and the pin 155 is inserted into the openings 150g1 and 150g2. And the portion of the developing shaft 153 free end 153b is supported on the receiving surface 1501 of the coupling 150. The free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 is the spherical surface and the receiving surface 1501 is a surface coupling 150 tapered. Therefore, the portion of the drive side 150b of the coupling 150 is positioned at the center (the center of the spherical surface) of the free end portion 153b of the development shaft 153. As will be described below, when the coupling 150 to rotate the force transmitting drive (rotational force) from the main assembly of the apparatus A, the pin 155 positioned in opening 150g make contact with the surfaces of rotational force transmission 150h1 and 150h2 (Figure 6b). Thus, the rotational force can be transmitted. Then, one 157w of the end surfaces of the support member 157 is inserted downstream with respect to the direction X3. Thus, a part of coupling 150 is received in the space 157b of the supporting member 157. And the support member 157 is fixed to the developing frame 113 and thus a full disclosure cartridge B is mounted. [00193] The dimensions of the various parts of the coupling 150 will be described. As shown in Figure 10 (c), the maximum outer diameter of the part driven 150a of the coupling 150 is OD2, the maximum outer diameter 150b drive part is (PD1, and a small diameter of the opening 150g is d> D3. In addition more, the maximum outer diameter of the pin 155 is OD5, and the inner diameter of the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is <t> D4. Here, the maximum outer diameter is the outer diameter of a maximum rotation place around the rotational axis Li of the developing roller 110. The maximum outer diameter OD1, and OD3 coupling 150 is related to the outside diameter of the local maximum rotation around the axis L2. At this time, since OD5 <OD3 is satisfied , the coupling 150 can be mounted to the predetermined position by direct mounting operation in the direction X3 and therefore the mounting feature is high. The diameter OD4 internal surface of the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is greater than OD2 coupling 150, and smaller than ΦϋΙ (Φϋ2 <Φϋ4 <Φϋ1). Thus, only the step of attaching the direct X3 direction is sufficient to assemble the supporting member 157 in the predetermined position. For this reason, the mounting characteristic can be improved (the state after assembly shown in Figure 11). [00194] As shown in Figure 11, the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is disposed very close to a part of the flange 150j of the coupling 150 in the direction of the axis L1. More specifically, in the direction of the axis L1, the distance from an end surface 150j1 of the flange portion 150j to the axis of the pin 155 is n1. Moreover, the distance from an end surface 157e1 of the rib 157e to the other end surface 157j2 of the flange portion 150j is n2. The distance n2 <n1 is satisfied away. [00195] Moreover, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L1, the flange portion 150j and 157e1,157e2 ribs are arranged so that they are superposed one over the other. More specifically, the distance n4 (amount of the overlapping) from the inner surface 157e3 of the rib 157e to the outer surface 150j3 of the flange portion 150j is the overlapped amount n4 with respect to the direction orthogonal to the axis L1. [00196] For these adjustments, the pin 155 is prevented from disengaging from the opening 150g. That is, the movement of the coupling 150 is limited by the support member 157. Thus, the coupling 150 disengages from the cartridge no. The release prevention can be accomplished without additional parts. The above described dimensions are desirable from the standpoint of reducing manufacturing and assembly costs. However, the present invention is not limited to these dimensions. [00197] In the manner described above in figures 9, 11 and 12, the receiving surface 1501 is that the recess 150q of the coupling 150 is in contact with the free end surface 153b of the developing shaft 153 which is the projection. Therefore, the coupling 150 is hinged along part of the free end (spherical surface) 153b about the F2 center of the free end (spherical surface) 153b in other words, the axis L2 is movable substantially in all directions, independent of the phase of the drum shaft 153. The axis L2 of the coupling 150 is movable (pivotable, revolvível, movable) in all directions substantially. As will be described below, in order that the coupling 150 can engage the drive shaft 180, the axis L2 is inclined in the downstream direction with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary device C in relation to the axis L1, just before the coupling. In other words, as shown in Figure 17, the axis L2 is inclined so that the driven portion 150a of the coupling 150 is positioned on the downstream side with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. [00198] A more detailed description will be made. [00199] As shown in Figure 12, a distance n3 between a part of the maximum outer diameter and the support member 157 of the drive portion 150b of the coupling 150 is selected so that a slight clearance is provided between them. Thus, the coupling 150 is pivotable. [00200] As shown in Figure 7, the 157e1 and 157e2 are semi-circular ribs ribs extending in parallel with the axis L1. The ribs 157e1 and 157e2 are perpendicular to the rotational direction X4. [00201] Furthermore, the distance n2 (Figure 11) in the direction of the axis L1 of the rib 157e to the part of the flange 150j is smaller than the distance N1 from the center pin 155 to part of the edge of the drive side 150b . Thus, the pin 155 disengages no openings 150g1 and 150g1. [00202] Therefore, as shown in Figure 9, the driven portion 150a is quite pivotable in the direction X4 relative to the axis L2 of the coupling 150. In other words, the driving portion 150b is quite pivotable toward the side not provided with the rib 150e (perpendicular to the drawing sheet). Figure 9 illustrates the state after the axis L2 is inclined. Moreover, the coupling 150 can also be movable state inclined axis L2 shown in Figure 9 to the state substantially parallel to the axis L1 shown in figure 12. In this way, 157e1 and 157e2 are arranged ribs. In doing so, the axis L2 of the coupling 150 may be pivotable relative to axis L1, and, furthermore, the developing frame and 13 can be prevented from disengaging from the coupling 150. Both effects can be provided. [00203] The coupling 150 has a play (the distance n2) in the direction of the geometric axis L1 relative to the development shaft 153. Therefore, the receiving surface 150i (the conic surface) may not always be comfortable in contact with the part the free end of the drum shaft 153b (the spherical surface). In other words, the pivot center may deviate from the P2 center of curvature of the spherical surface. However, even in a case like this, the axis L2 is rotatable or pivotable relative to the axis L1. For this reason, the purpose of this embodiment can be realized. [00204] Furthermore, α inclination maximum possible angle (Figure 9) between the axis L1 and the axis L2 is limited to half the taper angle (A1, figure 6 (f)) between the axis L2 and the receiving surface 150i. The apex angle of the conical shape of the receiving surface 1501 of the coupling 150 can be appropriately selected. In doing so, the tilt angle a4 of the coupling 150 is set at the optimum value. The shape of the columnar portion I53a of the developing shaft 153 may be simply cylindrical. Thus, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. [00205] The size of the opening 150g in the standby state is selected so that the pin 155 may not interfere when the axis L2 inclines in the manner previously described herein. [00206] The location of the flange portion 150j when the driven portion 150a side inclines in the direction X5 is illustrated by region T1 in Figure 13. shown in the figure, even if the coupling 150 tilt, interference with the pin 155 does not occur, and therefore the part of the flange 150j may be provided around the circumference of coupling 150 (Figure 6 (b)). In other words, the shaft receiving surface 150i has conical shape, and therefore, when the coupling 150 inclines, the pin 155 does not enter the IT region. For this reason, the coupling band 150 is cut minimized. Therefore, the rigidity of the coupling 150 can be assured. (7) Description of constitution of rotary device (moving member, rotation selecting mechanism) of apparatus main assembly [00207] Next, with reference to Figures 15 to 21, a constitution of the rotary device C will be described as the movable member . Figures 15 and 16 are perspective views of the rotary device C in a state in which the developing cartridge B is not mounted. Figure 17A is a perspective view showing a state in which a single developing cartridge B is mounted to the rotary device C. Figures 18 to 21 are side views showing the rotating device C, the photosensitive drum 107, a railroad drive and the revelation cartridge B. [00208] Towards the axial line L1, rotary flanges 50L and 50R are provided on both sides of the end. Outside the rotary flanges 50L and 50R toward the axial line L1, rotating side plates 54L and 54R are provided respectively. The rotary flanges 50L and 50R and a central shaft 51 thereof are rotatably supported by the side plates 54L and 54R located further out in the direction of the axial line L1. [00209] In the opposite surfaces 50lb and pair of 50Rb flanges 50L and 50R are provided main assembly guides notch 130L1, 130L2, 130L3, 130L4, 130R1, 130R2, 130R3 and 130R4 used during assembly and disassembly of the cartridge B with relative to the rotary device C (part 130A of accommodation). Along these main assembly guides provided in the main assembly of the apparatus A, are inserted cartridge side guides 140R1, 140R2, 140L1 and 140L2 (Figures 2 and 3) of the cartridge B. That is, the cartridge B can be mounted and dismounted in rotary device C. The cartridge B is mounted desanexável way on the rotary device C by the user. [00210] More specifically, at one end of the cartridge B (BI) with respect to a longitudinal direction of the cartridge B (B1), are provided guides 140R1 and 140R2. In addition, the other longitudinal end of the cartridge B (B1), are provided guides 140L1 and 140L2. The user holds the cartridge B and inserts the 140R1 and 140R2 130R1 tabs on the tab provided on the rotary device C. Similarly, the user enters the guides 140L1 and 140L2 130L1 guide provided on the rotary device C: Therefore, the cartridge B is mounted desanexável form 130A on the accommodation provided in the rotary device C by the user. That is, the cartridge B is guided by the above described guides and is assembled and disassembled in the accommodation portion 130A with respect to a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cartridge B (developing roller 110). The cartridge B is mounted in a direction in which the longitudinal direction intersects a rotational direction X4 of the rotary device C. Therefore, the cartridge B (coupling) provided at one longitudinal end of the cartridge B moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to axis drive device 180 by rotation of the rotary C. The cartridge B mounted in the device rotat the coupling 150 can rotate substantially the entire circumferential direction of the drum shaft 153. Here rotating motion is not a motion with which the coupling itself rotates around the axis 12, but the inclined axis L2 rotates around the axis L1 of the photosensitive drum, although the swivel here does not prevent rotation of the coupling per se around the axis L2 of the coupling 150. [00187] Moreover, the movable range in all directions substantially is the range wherein when the user mounts the cartridge B on the apparatus main assembly A, the coupling can move to the angular position independent rotational force transmitting the phase of the drive shaft which is part of the application of rotational force. Moreover, it is the range in which, in disengaging the coupling from the drive shaft, the coupling can move to the disengagement angular position independently of the stop phase angle of the drive shaft. [00188] Moreover, the coupling is provided with a clearance between the part of rotational force transmission (rotational force transmitting surface 150h, for example) and the receiving part of the rotational force (pin 155, for example) to coupling so that it is pivotable substantially in all directions relative to the axis L1. Thus, the coupling is mounted at the end of the cartridge B. For this reason, the coupling is the movable substantially in all directions relative to the axis L1. [00189] This structure is similar to the coupling procedures as will be described below. [00190] The assembly process will be described. [00191] After mounting the developing roller 110 rotatably on the developing device frame 113, the pin 155 is mounted in the developing shaft 153. Then, the developing gear 145 is mounted in the developing shaft 153. [00192] Then, as shown in Figure 10, the coupling 150 and the support member 157 are inserted in the direction X3. First, the driving portion 150b is inserted toward the direction X3 downstream, while maintaining the axis L2 of the coupling 150 in parallel with X3. At this time, the phase of the pin 155 of the developing shaft 153 and the phase of the opening 150g of the coupling 150 married to each other, and the pin 155 is inserted into the openings 150g1 and 150g2. And the portion of the developing shaft 153 free end 153b is supported on the receiving surface 1501 of the coupling 150. The free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 is the spherical surface and the receiving surface 1501 is a surface coupling 150 tapered. Therefore, the portion of the drive side 150b of the coupling 150 is positioned at the center (the center of the spherical surface) of the free end portion 153b of the development shaft 153. As will be described below, when the coupling 150 to rotate the force transmitting drive (rotational force) from the main assembly of the apparatus A, the pin 155 positioned in opening 150g make contact with the surfaces of rotational force transmission 150h1 and 150h2 (Figure 6b). Thus, the rotational force can be transmitted. Then, one 157w of the end surfaces of the support member 157 is inserted downstream with respect to the direction X3. Thus, a part of coupling 150 is received in the space 157b of the supporting member 157. And the support member 157 is fixed to the developing frame 113 and thus a full disclosure cartridge B is mounted. [00193] The dimensions of the various parts of the coupling 150 will be described. As shown in Figure 10 (c), the maximum outer diameter of the part driven 150a of the coupling 150 is OD2, the maximum outer diameter 150b drive part is (PD1, and a small diameter of the opening 150g is d> D3. In addition more, the maximum outer diameter of the pin 155 is OD5, and the inner diameter of the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is <t> D4. Here, the maximum outer diameter is the outer diameter of a maximum rotation place around the rotational axis Li of the developing roller 110. The maximum outer diameter OD1, and OD3 coupling 150 is related to the outside diameter of the local maximum rotation around the axis L2. At this time, since OD5 <OD3 is satisfied , the coupling 150 can be mounted to the predetermined position by direct mounting operation in the direction X3 and therefore the mounting feature is high. The diameter OD4 internal surface of the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is greater than OD2 coupling 150, and smaller than ΦϋΙ (Φϋ2 <Φϋ4 <Φϋ1). Thus, only the step of attaching the direct X3 direction is sufficient to assemble the supporting member 157 in the predetermined position. For this reason, the mounting characteristic can be improved (the state after assembly shown in Figure 11). [00194] As shown in Figure 11, the retention rib 157e of the supporting member 157 is disposed very close to a part of the flange 150j of the coupling 150 in the direction of the axis L1. More specifically, in the direction of the axis L1, the distance from an end surface 150j1 of the flange portion 150j to the axis of the pin 155 is n1. Moreover, the distance from an end surface 157e1 of the rib 157e to the other end surface 157j2 of the flange portion 150j is n2. The distance n2 <n1 is satisfied away. [00195] Moreover, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L1, the flange portion 150j and 157e1,157e2 ribs are arranged so that they are superposed one over the other. More specifically, the distance n4 (amount of the overlapping) from the inner surface 157e3 of the rib 157e to the outer surface 150j3 of the flange portion 150j is the overlapped amount n4 with respect to the direction orthogonal to the axis L1. [00196] For these adjustments, the pin 155 is prevented from disengaging from the opening 150g. That is, the movement of the coupling 150 is limited by the support member 157. Thus, the coupling 150 disengages from the cartridge no. The release prevention can be accomplished without additional parts. The above described dimensions are desirable from the standpoint of reducing manufacturing and assembly costs. However, the present invention is not limited to these dimensions. [00197] In the manner described above in figures 9, 11 and 12, the receiving surface 1501 is that the recess 150q of the coupling 150 is in contact with the free end surface 153b of the developing shaft 153 which is the projection. Therefore, the coupling 150 is hinged along part of the free end (spherical surface) 153b about the F2 center of the free end (spherical surface) 153b in other words, the axis L2 is movable substantially in all directions, independent of the phase of the drum shaft 153. The axis L2 of the coupling 150 is movable (pivotable, revolvível, movable) in all directions substantially. As will be described below, in order that the coupling 150 can engage the drive shaft 180, the axis L2 is inclined in the downstream direction with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary device C in relation to the axis L1, just before the coupling. In other words, as shown in Figure 17, the axis L2 is inclined so that the driven portion 150a of the coupling 150 is positioned on the downstream side with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. [00198] A more detailed description will be made. [00199] As shown in Figure 12, a distance n3 between a part of the maximum outer diameter and the support member 157 of the drive portion 150b of the coupling 150 is selected so that a slight clearance is provided between them. Thus, the coupling 150 is pivotable. [00200] As shown in Figure 7, the 157e1 and 157e2 are semi-circular ribs ribs extending in parallel with the axis L1. The ribs 157e1 and 157e2 are perpendicular to the rotational direction X4. [00201] Furthermore, the distance n2 (Figure 11) in the direction of the axis L1 of the rib 157e to the part of the flange 150j is smaller than the distance N1 from the center pin 155 to part of the edge of the drive side 150b . Thus, the pin 155 disengages no openings 150g1 and 150g1. [00202] Therefore, as shown in Figure 9, the driven portion 150a is quite pivotable in the direction X4 relative to the axis L2 of the coupling 150. In other words, the driving portion 150b is quite pivotable toward the side not provided with the rib 150e (perpendicular to the drawing sheet). Figure 9 illustrates the state after the axis L2 is inclined. Moreover, the coupling 150 can also be movable state inclined axis L2 shown in Figure 9 to the state substantially parallel to the axis L1 shown in figure 12. In this way, 157e1 and 157e2 are arranged ribs. In doing so, the axis L2 of the coupling 150 may be pivotable relative to axis L1, and, furthermore, the developing frame and 13 can be prevented from disengaging from the coupling 150. Both effects can be provided. [00203] The coupling 150 has a play (the distance n2) in the direction of the geometric axis L1 relative to the development shaft 153. Therefore, the receiving surface 150i (the conic surface) may not always be comfortable in contact with the part the free end of the drum shaft 153b (the spherical surface). In other words, the pivot center may deviate from the P2 center of curvature of the spherical surface. However, even in a case like this, the axis L2 is rotatable or pivotable relative to the axis L1. For this reason, the purpose of this embodiment can be realized. [00204] Furthermore, α inclination maximum possible angle (Figure 9) between the axis L1 and the axis L2 is limited to half the taper angle (A1, figure 6 (f)) between the axis L2 and the receiving surface 150i. The apex angle of the conical shape of the receiving surface 1501 of the coupling 150 can be appropriately selected. In doing so, the tilt angle a4 of the coupling 150 is set at the optimum value. The shape of the columnar portion I53a of the developing shaft 153 may be simply cylindrical. Thus, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. [00205] The size of the opening 150g in the standby state is selected so that the pin 155 may not interfere when the axis L2 inclines in the manner previously described herein. [00206] The location of the flange portion 150j when the driven portion 150a side inclines in the direction X5 is illustrated by region T1 in Figure 13. shown in the figure, even if the coupling 150 tilt, interference with the pin 155 does not occur, and therefore the part of the flange 150j may be provided around the circumference of coupling 150 (Figure 6 (b)). In other words, the shaft receiving surface 150i has conical shape, and therefore, when the coupling 150 inclines, the pin 155 does not enter the IT region. For this reason, the coupling band 150 is cut minimized. Therefore, the rigidity of the coupling 150 can be assured. (7) Description of constitution of rotary device (moving member, rotation selecting mechanism) of apparatus main assembly [00207] Next, with reference to Figures 15 to 21, a constitution of the rotary device C will be described as the movable member . Figures 15 and 16 are perspective views of the rotary device C in a state in which the developing cartridge B is not mounted. Figure 17A is a perspective view showing a state in which a single developing cartridge B is mounted to the rotary device C. Figures 18 to 21 are side views showing the rotating device C, the photosensitive drum 107, a railroad drive and the revelation cartridge B. [00208] Towards the axial line L1, rotary flanges 50L and 50R are provided on both sides of the end. Outside the rotary flanges 50L and 50R toward the axial line L1, rotating side plates 54L and 54R are provided respectively. The rotary flanges 50L and 50R and a central shaft 51 thereof are rotatably supported by the side plates 54L and 54R located further out in the direction of the axial line L1. [00209] In the opposite surfaces 50lb and pair of 50Rb flanges 50L and 50R are provided main assembly guides notch 130L1, 130L2, 130L3, 130L4, 130R1, 130R2, 130R3 and 130R4 used during assembly and disassembly of the cartridge B with relative to the rotary device C (part 130A of accommodation). Along these main assembly guides provided in the main assembly of the apparatus A, are inserted cartridge side guides 140R1, 140R2, 140L1 and 140L2 (Figures 2 and 3) of the cartridge B. That is, the cartridge B can be mounted and dismounted in rotary device C. The cartridge B is mounted desanexável way on the rotary device C by the user. [00210] More specifically, at one end of the cartridge B (BI) with respect to a longitudinal direction of the cartridge B (B1), are provided guides 140R1 and 140R2. In addition, the other longitudinal end of the cartridge B (B1), are provided guides 140L1 and 140L2. The user holds the cartridge B and inserts the 140R1 and 140R2 130R1 tabs on the tab provided on the rotary device C. Similarly, the user enters the guides 140L1 and 140L2 130L1 guide provided on the rotary device C: Therefore, the cartridge B is mounted desanexável form 130A on the accommodation provided in the rotary device C by the user. That is, the cartridge B is guided by the above described guides and is assembled and disassembled in the accommodation portion 130A with respect to a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cartridge B (developing roller 110). The cartridge B is mounted in a direction in which the longitudinal direction intersects a rotational direction X4 of the rotary device C. Therefore, the cartridge B (coupling) provided at one longitudinal end of the cartridge B moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to axis drive device 180 by rotation of the rotary C. The cartridge B mounted in the device rotativo C is likely to rotate around the arcuate guides 140R1 and 140L1 when a rotational force is transmitted from the apparatus main assembly A to the cartridge B. However, elongated guides 140R2 and 140L2 make contact with the internal surfaces of slots of the guides 130R1 and 130L1 so that the cartridge B is positioned with respect to the rotary device C. That is, the cartridge B is detachably accommodated in the accommodation part 130a. [00211] Similarly, the cartridge B (B2) is guided by the guides 130R2 and 130L2 provided in the rotary device C and mounted desanexável way in the 130A accommodation. The cartridge B (B3) is guided by the guides 130R3 and 130L3 provided in the rotary device C and mounted desanexável way in the 130A accommodation. The cartridge B (B4) is guided by the guides 130R4 and 130L4 provided in the rotary device C and mounted desanexável way in the 130A accommodation. [00212] That is, the cartridge B is detachably accommodated by the user on the map 130A provided on the rotary device C. [00213] Figure 17 shows a state in which the developing cartridge B is mounted in the apparatus main assembly 4 ( Rotary C). [00214] Each of the developing cartridges B is positioned with respect to the rotating device C, and is rotated by the rotation of the device C. At this time, the developing cartridge B is fixed on the rotating device C by means of a biasing spring, a lock or similar (not shown) so that the position of the developing cartridge B is not deviated by the rotation C. [00215] To rotary device other rotary side plate 54L, there is provided a drive mechanism to rotate the roller disclosure (not shown). That is, a developing device drive gear 181 engages in a pinion 65 fixed on a motor shaft of the motor 64. When the motor starts rotation, a rotational force is transmitted to the gear 181. The driving shaft 180 coaxially disposed with the gear 181 starts rotation. As a result, the rotational force of the drive shaft 180 is transmitted to the developing roller 110 and the like through the coupling 150. Incidentally, in this mode, the drive shaft 180 has started rotation before the coupling engagement 150. However, timing the start of rotation of drive shaft 180 can be properly selected. [00216] The cartridge B rotates along with the pair of rotary flanges 50L and 50R. That is, the rotary device C stops its rotation when it is rotated a predetermined angle. As a result, the cartridge B is positioned at a position (developing position) opposite to the photosensitive drum 107 provided in the apparatus main assembly A. The coupling 150 engages the drive shaft 180 substantially simultaneously with the positioning and cartridge stop B. That is, a recess 1502 covers an end of an end portion 180b of the drive shaft 180. [00217] The drive shaft 180 has substantially the same constitution supradescrito disclosure axis. That is, the drive shaft 180 includes a spherical end portion 180b and a pin 182 penetrating almost in the center of a main portion 180a of its cylindrical shape. Through this pin 182, a rotational force (driving force) is transmitted to the cartridge B through the coupling 150. [00218] In the rotary device C, the four color cartridges B are mounted. Here, pressure application of the cartridges B to the photosensitive drum 107 is performed in the following manner. [00219] In the manner described above, the flanges 50L and 50R are rotatably supported by the rotary side plates 54L and 54R. The rotary side plates 54L and 54R at both ends are positioned and fixed in the side plates (not shown) of the apparatus main assembly A through a swingable shaft 60 rotatably disposed above the rotary side plates 54L and 54R. In other words, the cartridge B, the rotary flanges 50 and the rotary side plates 54 are integrally jointed around the swingable shaft 60. That is, full pivotal movement of the cartridge B and the rotary device C is performed. As a result, the cartridge B is pressed against the photosensitive drum 107 or separated from it. [00220] This pressure and separating operation is performed by pressing up a support for the rotary device 66 arranged between the rotary side plates 54L and 54R by rotation of a cam (not shown). [00221] Additionally, in the manner described with reference to Figure 15, the drive shaft 180 is positioned and mounted on a predetermined position of the apparatus main assembly A with respect to a radial direction and a substantially axial. Additionally, the cartridge B is also positioned at a predetermined position of the apparatus main assembly A by stop of the rotation of the device C. This drive shaft 180 and cartridge B are positioned connected by the coupling 150. The coupling 150 is swingable ( pivotable, mobile) with respect to the cartridge B (frame). Accordingly, even between the driving shaft 180 positioned at the predetermined position and the cartridge B positioned in the predetermined position, the coupling 150 can smoothly transmit the rotational force. That is, even when there is an axis deviation (axis) between the drive shaft 180 and the cartridge 150, the coupling 150 can smoothly transmit the rotational force. [00222] This is one of the observable effects of mode coupling to which the present invention is applied. (8) Change in the developer cartridge constitution (developing device) [00223] In each of outer peripheral surfaces of the flanges 50L and 50R, one gear 50a is integrally provided in the manner shown in Figures 15 and 17. A pair of gears 59L and 59R crazy embedded in these gears 50a is arranged on both sides of longitudinal end. These crazy gears 59L and 59R are connected by the swingable shaft 60. When the flange 50L arranged one of the longitudinal ends is rotated, the other flange 50R is rotated in phase through 59L and 59R gears. By employing a constitution like this drive during rotation of the rotating device C or the rotation of the developing roller 110, torsion of either of the flanges 50L and 50R is prevented.

[00224] With the gears 59L and 59R connected to the pivot center of the rotary side plates 54L and 54R device, i.e., the swingable shaft 60, a drive gear rotating device is fitted 65. This gear 65 is connected to the engine 61. An encoder 62 is mounted on a motor shaft 61. The rotation encoder 62 detects a rotation amount of the motor 61 and controls the number of rotation. Additionally, in an outer peripheral surface of a flange 50L is provided with a flag 57 projected from the flange 50L in the radial direction (Figure 16). The flange 50L and the flag 57 are rotated so as to pass through a fotointerruptor 58 fixed to the side plate 58. By detecting the fotointerruptor-lock with the flag 57, the rotary device C is controlled so as to rotate every predetermined angle . That is, after the rotary device C rotate a predetermined angle from the time when the flag 57 blocks the fotointerruptor, the first developing cartridge stops at a position opposite to the photosensitive drum 107. The rotary C is further rotated device in a predetermined angle in one direction and then the second developing cartridge stops at a position opposite to the photosensitive drum 107. By repeating this operation four times in total (stop all four color developing cartridges), a color image is formed. [00225] That is, the cartridge B moves in a direction perpendicular to the axial line L3 of the drive shaft 180 by the rotation of the rotary device C in one direction in a state in which the cartridge B is mounted on the rotating device C. [ 00226] In an upper surface of the main assembly of the apparatus A, they are provided an opening for mounting and demounting the developing cartridge B by the user and a door to open and close 40 (Figure 4) to cover the opening. Additionally, there is provided a door switch (not shown) for detecting the opening / closing door 40. A rotation operation of the rotary device C is started during electric drive and when the door 40 is closed (when the door key is on). (9) Formation disclosure positioning cartridge (developing device) during switching operation [00227] Operations of the rotary device Ceo cartridge B will be described step by step with reference to Figures 18 to 21. In the case of description, is shown only one cartridge in the rotary device. [00228] First, in a state shown in Figure 18, the cartridge B does not reach a predetermined position (the coupling member 150 is located in an angular position of pre-rotation). When the rotating device C is revolved in a direction of X4, the flag 57 partially projected from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating flange 50 supradescrito reaches fotointerruptor 58, so that the rotary device C stops at a predetermined position (a state shown in Figure 19). At this time, the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 150 of the cartridge B are connected to each other (the coupling member 150 is located in an angular position to the rotational force transmitting). The developing roller 110 is placed in a rotatable state. In this embodiment, the drive shaft 180 has been rotated in a state in which the coupling 150 starts the engagement with the drive shaft 180. For this reason, the developing roller 110 is rotated. However, in the case where the drive shaft 180 is stopped in a state in which the coupling 150 engages the drive shaft 180, the coupling 150 waits in the rotatable state. The coupling (connection) of the coupling 150 in the drive shaft 180 will be described later in detail. [00229] Then, in the manner described above, the cam (not shown) is actuated to contact the rotary device support 66 so that the rotary device C move in a counterclockwise direction about the swingable shaft 60 . That is, the developing roller 110 makes contact with the photosensitive drum 107 when it moves in one direction X1 (a state of Figure 20). Then, it is carried out a predetermined image forming operation. [00230] When the image forming operation is completed, the rotary device C is rotated clockwise around the swingable shaft 60 by a force of a spring (not shown). Thus, the rotary device C is restored to the state shown in Figure 19. That is, the developing roller 110 moves away from the photosensitive drum 107 (the coupling member 150 is located in a disengaging angular position). [00231] Then, the rotary device C is rotated around the central shaft 51 in the X4 direction so that a subsequent cartridge B can reach the developing position (a state of Figure 21). At this time, the connection between the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 150 is released. That is, the coupling 150 is disconnected from the drive shaft 180. The operation at this time will be specifically described later. [00232] The above described operations of the operation described with reference to Figure 18 for the operation described with reference to Figure 21 are repeated four times in total for four colors, so that the formation is effected color image. (10) coupling operation / transmission of rotational force / engagement trip operation. [00233] As described above, immediately before the cartridge B stops at the predetermined position of the main assembly of the apparatus A, or substantially simultaneously, the coupling 150 engages the drive shaft 180 (from Figure 18 to Figure 19) . And, when the cartridge B moves from the predetermined position of the apparatus main assembly after the rotation during the predetermined period, the coupling 150 is disengaged from the drive shaft 180 (from Figure 20 to Figure 21). [00234] With reference to Figure 22 - Figure 25, the description will be made regarding the coupling operation, the rotational force transmitting operation and the engagement release operation. Figure 22 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the drive shaft, the coupling and the axis of disclosure. Figure 23 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the difference in phase between the drive shaft and the coupling shaft disclosure. Figure 25 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the drive shaft, the coupling and the axis of disclosure. [00235] In the process in which the cartridge B moves to the developing position by the rotation of the rotating device C, the coupling 150 is positioned at the angular position pre-engagement. More particularly, the axis L2 of the coupling is beforehand inclined relative to the axis L1 of the developing shaft 153 so that the driven portion 150a is downstream position of the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. Through this coupling slope 150, a downstream free end position 150A1 of the rotary device C with respect to the rotational direction X4 thereof is positioned on the side disclosure shaft 153 beyond a free end of the drive shaft 180b3 with respect to the direction of axis L1. Furthermore, a position of the free upstream end 150A2 with respect to the direction X4 is positioned in the side of pin 182 beyond the free end 180b3 drive shaft in the direction of the axis L1 (Figure 22 (a), (b)) . Here, the position of the free end is the position nearest to the drive shaft with respect to the direction of the axis L2 of the driven portion 150a of the coupling 150 shown in Figure 6 (a) and (c), and is the most remote position axis L2. In other words, it is a border line of the driven portion 150a of the coupling 150, or a row 150d of the drive projection of the edge depending on the rotation phase of the coupling (150A in Figure 6 (a) and (c)). [00236] First, the position of the upstream free end 150A1 with respect to the rotational direction of the rotary device (X4) passes by the shaft free end 180b3. And after the coupling 150 passing the drive shaft 180, the receiving surface 150f 150d projection or the conical shape of the coupling 150 makes contact with the part of the free end 180b or the pin 182 of the drive shaft 180. And he tilts If in response to rotation of the rotating device C so that the axis L2 is parallel to the axis L1 (Figure 22 (c)). And finally, the position of the cartridge B is determined relative to main assembly of the apparatus A. More particularly, the rotary C to the device. In the present circumstances, the drive shaft 180 and the development shaft 153 are substantially coaxial with one another. More particularly, the coupling 150 moves from the angular position pre-engagement angular position to the rotational force transmitting manner to enable the free end position 150A1 this surround the drive shaft 180 (pivoting and joint). And the coupling 150 is tilted angular position of the pre-engagement angular position toward the rotational force transmission where the axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1. And the coupling 150 and the drive shaft 180 engage each other (Figure 22 (d)). More particularly, the recess 150z covers the free end portion 180b. Thus, the rotational force can be stably transmitted from the drive shaft 180 to the coupling 150. Further, at this time, the pin 152 is at the opening 150g (Figure 6 (b)), and the pin 182 is in the entry portion 150k. [00237] In this mode, when the coupling 150 starts engaging the drive shaft 180, the drive shaft 180 is already rotated. For this reason, the coupling 150 begins the rotation immediately. However, when the drive shaft 180 is at rest at the time of coupling the coupling the drive shaft 150, the coupling member 150 is in the rotatable state, when the pin 182 is present at the inlet 150k. [00238] As described hereinbefore according to this embodiment, the coupling 150 is pivotable relative to the axis L1. Therefore, the coupling 150 can be engaged relative to the drive shaft 180 correspondingly to the rotation of the rotary C by the coupling device 150 by tilting itself, without interfering with the drive shaft 180 (coupling). [00239] Furthermore, the coupling operation of the coupling 150 can supradescrita independent of the gap between the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 150. With reference to Figure 14 and Figure 23, the description will be made of the gap between the coupling and the drive shaft. Figure 23 illustrates the phases of the coupling and the drive shaft. In Figure 23 (a), the pin 182 and the receiving surface of the drive shaft 150f of the coupling 150 oppose each other on the upstream side with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. In Figure 23 (b), pin 182 and the projection 150d of the coupling 150 oppose each other. In Figure 23 (c), the free end 180b of the drive shaft and the projection 150d of the coupling 150 oppose each other. In Figure 23 (d), the part of the free end 180b and the receiving surface 150f of the coupling oppose one another. As shown in Figure 14, the coupling 150 is mounted to pivot in all directions relative to the development shaft 153. For this reason, as shown in Figure 23, the coupling 150 is pivotable in the mounting direction X4 irrespective of the phase of the shaft 153 of revelation regarding the rotational direction X4. Furthermore, the free end position 150A1 is on the downstream side of the developing roller 110 to the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft in the rotational direction not related irrespective of the phase difference between the drive shaft 180 and coupling 150. Also , the inclination angle of the coupling 150 is adjusted so that the position of the upstream free end 150A2 stay in the pin 182 side beyond the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft in the rotational direction X4. With such an adjustment, the free end position 150A1 downstream in the rotational direction X4 passes by the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft in response to rotation of the rotary operation device C. And in the case of Figure 23 (a), the receiving surface of the drive shaft 150f makes contact with the pin 182. In the case of Figure 23 (b), the projection 150d makes contact with the pin 182. In the case of Figure 23 (c), the projection 150d makes contact with the of the free end 180b. In the case of Figure 23 (d), the receiving surface 150f makes contact with the part of the free end 180b. Moreover, the axis L2 approaches to the position in parallel with the axis L1 by the contact force (biasing force) produced when the rotary C rotates the device, and they fit into each other (coupling). For this reason, regardless of the gap between the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 150 or between the coupling 150 and the development shaft 153, they can engage one another. [00240] With reference to Figure 24 will be described rotational force transmitting operation in the case of the developing roller rotating 110.0 drive shaft 180 rotates together with the gear (helical gear) 181 in the direction X8 in the Figure by the rotational force Received motor 64 and the pins 182 integral with the drive shaft 180 makes contact with either surface of the rotational force receiving 150e1-150e4 coupling 150. Therefore, the coupling 150 rotates. The coupling 150 further rotates. Thus, the surface rotational force transmitting 150h1 and 150h2 of the coupling 150 contacts the pin 155 integral with the development shaft 153. Then, the rotational force from the drive shaft 180 rotates the developing roller 110 through the coupling 150 and the revelation shaft 153. [00241] Moreover, the part of the free end 153b of the revelation shaft 153 is placed in contact with the receiving surface 150i. Part of the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 is placed in contact with the receiving surface 150f. Thus, the coupling 150 is positioned correctly (Figure 22d). More particularly, the coupling 150 is positioned on drive shaft 180 when the recess 150z covers the free end portion 180. At this time, even if the axis L3 and the axis L1 are slightly non-coaxial with one another, the coupling 150 can rotate without applying the large load in the developing shaft 153 and the drive shaft 180 by the small inclination of the coupling 150. For this reason, even if the drive shaft 180 and the development shaft 153 deviate from each other by the slight deviation position of the cartridge B because of the rotation of the rotating device C, the coupling 150 can smoothly transmit the rotational force. [00242] This is an observable effects according to an embodiment of the coupling of the present invention. [00243] With reference to Figure 25, it will be made a description about the disengagement of coupling 150 from the drive shaft operating 180 in response to movement of the cartridge B from the predetermined position (developing position) when the C rotating device revolves one direction. [00244] First, the position of each of the pins 182 will be described at the time the cartridge (B) moves from the predetermined position. After the formation of the finished image, as will be apparent from the foregoing description, the pin 182 is positioned in one of two inputs or input 150k1-150k4 parts (figure 5). And the pin 155 is positioned at the opening 150g1 or 150g2. [00245] The description will be made regarding the operation of disengaging the coupling 150 from the drive shaft 180 in interrelation with the change operation to the next developing cartridge B after the image forming operation using the cartridge is completed. [00246] In the state where the developing shaft 153 rotation has stopped, the axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 in the coupling 150 (rotational angular position of power transmission). And the development shaft 153 moves in the direction of removal X6 cartridge (B) and the receiving surface 150f or 150d projecting on the upstream side with respect to the rotational direction of the rotary device is left in contact with the part of the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 and the pin 182 (Figure 25a). And the axis L2 begins to incline toward the upstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 (Figure 25 (b)). This direction of inclination is opposite to the inclination of the coupling 150 when the coupling 150 engaging the drive shaft 180 with respect to the axis disclosure 153. It moves, while part of the upstream free end 150A2 with respect to the rotational direction X4 is kept in contact with the free end portion 180b by the rotational operation of the rotary device C. And, the axis L2, the free end portion 150A3 of upstream bends at the free end 180b3 of the shaft activation (Figure 25 (c)). And in this state, the coupling 150 is passed through the drive shaft 180, by contacting the free end 180b3 (Figure 25 (d)). [00247] Thus, the coupling 150 moves from the angular position of rotational force transmission to the disengaging angular position so that a portion (the free end portion 150A2 upstream) of the coupling 150 positioned upstream of the drive shaft 180 with respect to the rotational direction X4 allows surround the drive shaft 180. Therefore, the cartridge B moves in accordance with rotation of the rotating device C to the position shown in Figure 21. Further, before completion of a full rotation the rotating device C, the coupling 150 (the axis L1) is inclined towards downstream with respect to a rotational direction X4 by an unknown device. In other words, the coupling 150 moves from the disengaging angular position for angular position pre-engagement. Thus, after rotating device C every complete rotation, the coupling 150 is in the state engageable with the drive shaft 180. [00248] As will be apparent from the foregoing description, the angle of the angular position of the pre-engagement coupling 150 relative to the axis L1 is larger than the angle of the disengaging angular position. This is so because it is preferred that the angular position pre-engagement is adjusted in advance in such a way that during the coupling the coupling operation, the distance between the free upstream end and 150A1 position with respect to the rotational direction X4 and the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft is relatively longer (Figure 22b). This is done in consideration of dimensional tolerance of parts. On the contrary, when the coupling disengagement, the axis L2 is inclined in interrelation with the rotation position of the rotary device C. Therefore, the pre-end portion 150A2 of the coupling 150 A3 moves downstream along the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. In other words, the free end position 180A2 downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 and the free end portion 180b3 are substantially aligned with each other in a direction of the axis L1 (Figure 25 (c)). Moreover, when the coupling 150 disengages from the drive shaft 180, the disengagement is possible irrespective of the phase difference between the coupling 150 and pin 182. [00249] As shown in Figure 22, the angular position of transmitting rotational coupling force 150, the angle relative to the axis coupling L1 150 is such that, in the state where the cartridge (B) is mounted on the predetermined position of the apparatus main assembly (A) (the position opposed to the photosensitive drum) , the coupling 150 receives the rotational force transmission from the drive shaft 180 and rotate it. [00250] Furthermore, the angular position coupling the pre-coupling 150 is the angular position immediately before the coupling 150 is brought into engagement the drive shaft 180 in the assembly operation process to the predetermined position According to the rotation of the device C. [00251] Moreover, the angular position of the coupling 150 is the angular release position relative to the axis L1 of the coupling 150 on the cartridge trip time (B) of the drive shaft 180, to move the process cartridge B to the predetermined position according to the rotation of the device C. [00252] In the angular position pre-engagement or the disengaging angular position, the angles beta2 and beta3 which the axis L2 makes with the axis L1 is larger than the angle betaine the axis L2 makes with the axis L1 in the rotational angular position of power transmission. As for the angle theta 1, 0 degree is preferable. However, in this embodiment, the betaine angle is less than about 15 degrees, the smooth transmission of the rotational force is accomplished. This is also one of the effects of this type. As for the angles beta2 and beta3, the range of about 20 - 60 degrees is preferable. [00253] As described hereinbefore, the coupling is mounted on the pivot axis Z1. And the coupling 150 inclines in accordance with the rotation of the rotary C without interfering device in the drive shaft. [00254] Here according to the above described embodiments of the invention, even if the cartridge B (developing roller 110) moves in response to movement of the rotary device C in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis Z3 drive shaft 180, the drum coupling member 150 can accomplish the coupling (engagement) and the disengagement relative to the drive shaft 180. This occurs due to the drum coupling member 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention may take the angular position of rotational force transmission angular position to the pre-engagement angular eoa trip. [00255] Here, as described above, the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position is the drum coupling member 150 for transmitting the rotational force for rotating the developing roller 110a developing roller 110. [00256] The angular position pre-engagement is inclined position in relation to the angular position to the rotational force transmission, and that it is the angular position of the coupling member from the drum 150 before the coupling member drum 150 fit on the application of the force Rotational. [00257] The disengaging angular position is the position which is tilted away from the angular position pre-engagement relative to the angular position of rotational force transmission and that is the angular position of the coupling member from the drum 150 to the member drum coupling 150 is disengaged from the drive shaft 180. [00258] In the description given at the time of the trip, the receiving surface 150f upstream or projection 150d upstream makes contact with the part of the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 in interrelation with the rotation of the device C. Therefore, it has been described that the axis L2 is inclined upstream in the rotational direction X4. However, in this mode, this is not inevitable. For example, a switching spring (elastic material) is provided adjacent to the rotary fulcrum of the coupling device. And the structure is such that, upon engagement of the coupling, is produced a predisposition force in the direction downstream of the rotational direction X4 relative to the coupling. Upon engagement of the trip, corresponding to the rotation of the rotating device C, the biasing force is produced toward the upstream in the rotational direction X4 to the coupling unlike the case of the engagement by the function of this switching spring. Therefore, upon engagement of the trip, the receiving surface 150f upstream or the projection 150d in the rotational direction X4 and the part of the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 are not brought into contact with each other, and the coupling disengages If the drive shaft. In other words, since the axis L2 of the coupling 150 to tilt in response to rotation of the rotating device C can use any device. Moreover, at the time immediately before the coupling 150 fit into the drive shaft 180, the coupling is inclined so that the driven portion 150a of the coupling faces toward the downstream in the rotational direction X4. In other words, the coupling is beforehand placed in the state of the angular position pre-engagement. For this purpose, any device in Mode 2 can be used et seq. [00259] Here, with reference to Figure 26, the description regarding the reduction of time will be the image formation (development) requires in the present embodiment. Figure 26 is a timing chart showing the rotation of the developing roller and so forth. [00260] Here, with reference to Figure 26 will be described reduction in the time required for image formation (development) in this embodiment. Figure 26 is a timing chart illustrating the rotation of the developing roller and the like. [00261] In figure 26 are shown turnaround times and a state developing roller stop wherein the developing apparatus (cartridge) is in a rest position until the developing roller receives a start signal forming to perform image development for the first color (yellow image formation) and development for a second color (magenta image formation). Regarding the subsequent revelations for the third and fourth colors (cyan image formation and training of black image), the illustration is omitted because of redundant explanation. [00262] In this embodiment, as described above, the engaging operation between the driving shaft 180 and the coupling 150 is completed during the rotation of the rotating device C, or immediately after rotation of the rotary device C. Stop During or immediately after stopping the rotation of the rotating device C, the hitch coupling operation 150 the drive shaft 180 is completed. Then, the developing roller 110 is placed in a rotatable state or is rotated. [00263] In other words, in the case where the drive shaft 180 has been rotated before the coupling 150 begin a coupling operation in the drive shaft 180, the coupling 150 starts rotating simultaneously with the lock on the drive shaft 180. Then the developing roller 110 starts rotation. Additionally, in the case where the drive shaft 180 to the coupling 150 for without being rotated even when the engagement of the coupling 150 to the drive shaft 180 is completed. When the drive shaft 180 starts rotation, the coupling 150 starts rotation. Then, the developing roller 110 starts rotation. [00264] In any case according to this embodiment, a member of the rotational force transmission in the main assembly side (for example, the coupling on the main assembly side) does not need to move forward and backward in the direction of axial line. [00265] In this embodiment, the drive shaft 180 has already been rotated before the coupling 150 start engaging operation in the drive shaft 180. Accordingly, image formation can be started quickly. Therefore, compared with the case where the drive shaft 180 for the time required for image formation can be further reduced. [00266] Additionally, in this embodiment, the rotational state of the drive shaft 180, the coupling 150 can be disconnected from the drive shaft 180. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the drive shaft 180 can not be rotated or stopped in order that 150 mating engagement or disengagement of the drive shaft. [00267] In other words, according to this embodiment the coupling 150, the coupling 150 can be engaged and disengaged from the drive shaft 180, regardless of the rotation or stop of drive shaft 180. This is also one of the effects observed of this type. [00268] Next, contact rotary stages (developing roller), yellow imaging, rotating separation (developing roller) and developing roller rotation stop are performed in this order. Simultaneously with the start of rotation of the rotary device is carried an engagement release operation of the drive shaft cartridge from the main assembly of the apparatus to prepare for a developing operation for the second color. [00269] That is, in this mode, the engagement operation and disengagement of the coupling can be performed in interrelation with the rotation of the rotary device. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the time interval required between the developing of the first color and the second color development. Similarly, time intervals between the revelation of the second color and the revelation of the third color between the revelation of the third color and the revelation of the fourth color, between the rest position and the revelation of the first color, and between the revelation of the fourth color and the rest position can also be reduced. Consequently, the time required for a color image on a sheet may be reduced. another drive transmission pin is fixed at the revelation axis. However, as shown in Figures 27 (b) and 28 (b), it may be a separate member from the elongated development shaft. A first development shaft 1253A is a member for supporting a rubber portion of the developing roller (not shown). In addition, a second development shaft 1253B is provided co-axially with the first development shaft 1253A, and has integrally a rib for the drive transmissions fit coupling 150 1253Bc. In this case, geometrical latitude is enhanced by integral molded parts using injection molding and so on. For this reason, the part of 1253Bc rib can be increased. Therefore, the area of ​​the transmission part 1253Bd drive can be increased. [00273] Even if it is a revelation shaft made of resin material, it can transmit the torque safely. In the figure, when the coupling 150 rotates in the direction X8, the surface of the coupling drive transmission 150h makes contact with the part of the transmission 1253Bd drive the second drive shaft. When the contact area is large at this time, the applied voltage in 1253Bc rib is small. Therefore, the probability of damage of the coupling and so on is reduced. Moreover, the first shaft disclosure can be the simple metal shaft, and the second development shaft may be integrally molded of resin material umproduto. In this case, cost reduction is achieved. [00274] As shown in Figures 27 (c) and 28 (c), the opposite ends 1355a1, 1355a2 of rotational force transmitting pin (part of receiving the rotational force) 1355 are fixed by pressure engagement, and so on in advance the drive transmission holes 1350g1 and 1350g2 of the coupling 1350. Thereafter, the development shaft 1353 which has the free end portion 1353cl, 1353c2 made in the form of a screwdriver can be inserted. At this time, it is preferable that the engaging portion 1355b of the pin 1355 relative to the free end portion (not shown) of the developing shaft 1353 is made into a spherical shape so that the coupling 1350 is pivotable. The pin 1355 in this manner Settling advance, it is not necessary to increase the size of the hole reservation 1350g of the coupling 1350 more than needed. Therefore, the coupling rigidity is improved. [00275] Furthermore, in the foregoing description, the inclination of the axis of the coupling follows the free end of the developing shaft. However, the manner shown in Figures 27 (d) 27 (e) and 28 (d), it may follow the contact surface 1457th support member 1457 coaxially with the developing shaft 1453. In this case, the free surface of the end 1453b of the development shaft 1453 is at the level comparable to the end surface of the support member. And the rotational force transmitting pin (part of receiving the rotational force) 1453c projected from the free end surface 1453b is inserted into the opening 1450g of the coupling 1450. The rotational force is transmitted when this pin 1453c makes contact with the transmission surface rotational force (rotational force of the transmission) of the coupling 1450h. Thus, the contact surface 1457th at the time of engagement slope 1450 is provided on the support member 1457. Thus, there is no necessity of processing the development shaft directly, and the machining cost can be reduced. [00276] Moreover, similarly, the spherical surface at the free end may be a molded resin part which is a separate member. In this case, the machining cost of the shaft can be reduced. This occurs because the axis configuration processed by cutting and so on can be simplified. Moreover, the range of the spherical surface of the free end of the shaft may be narrowed, and the machining cost can be reduced by limiting the range which requires highly precise processing. [00277] With reference to Figure 29, description will be made about a modified example of the drive shaft. Figure 29 is a perspective view of the drive shaft and the developer drive gear. [00278] Similarly to the development shaft, it is possible to form the free end of the drive shaft 1180 into a flat surface 1180b shown in Figure 29 (a). Thus, the axle configuration is simple and the machining cost can be reduced. A pin (part application of rotational force) is referred to by reference numeral 1182. [00279] Furthermore, similarly to the development shaft, the drive transmission portion 1280c1, 1280c2 may be integrally molded with the drive shaft 1280 as shown in Figure 29 (b). When the drive shaft is a molded resin part, the part of the drive transmission can be molded as an integral part. Therefore, cost reduction can be achieved. [00280] As shown in Figure 29 (c) in order to narrow the band of the free end 1380b of the drive shaft 1380, the outer diameter of the free end of the shaft 1380C may be smaller than the outer diameter of a part main 1380th. The part of the free end 1380b requires degree of accuracy in order to determine the position of the coupling (not shown) in the manner described above. For this reason, the surface which requires high degree of accuracy can be reduced by limiting the spherical range only to the contact mating portion. Thus, the machining cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the free end of the unnecessary spherical surface may be cut similarly. [00281] Furthermore, in the foregoing embodiments, the direction of the geometric axis L1 there is no play between the developing roller and the apparatus main assembly. Here, the developing roller positioning method will be described with reference to the direction of the axis L1 as when there game. In other words, the coupling 1550 is provided with a conical surface 1550e, 1550h. As for the drive shaft, a force is produced in the thrust direction by the rotation. Thus, the coupling and the developing roller are positioned with respect to the direction of the axis L1. With reference to Figure 30 and Figure 31, this will be described in detail. Figure 30 is a perspective view and top plan view of the coupling alone. Figure 31 is an exploded perspective view of the drive shaft, the development shaft and the coupling. [00282] As shown in Figure 30 (b), the receiving surface of the rotational force 1550e forms an angle alpha 5 relative to the axis L2. When the drive shaft 180 rotates in the direction T1, the pin 182 and the receiving surface 1550e make contact to each other. Then, a force component is applied in the direction T2 to the coupling 1550 and the coupling moves in the direction T2. In more detail, the coupling 1550 moves until the receiving surface of the drive shaft 1550F (Figure 31) of the coupling 1550 make contact with the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180. Thus, the position with respect to the direction the axis L2 of the coupling 1550 is determined. Furthermore, the free end 180b is a spherical surface and the receiving surface of the drive shaft 1550F coupling 1550 is a conic surface. For this reason, in the direction perpendicular to the axis L2, the driven part 1550th position of the coupling 1550 relative to the drive shaft 180 is determined. [00283] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 30 (c), the rotational force transmitting surface (rotational force of the transmission) 1550h forms the angle alpha 6 relative to the axis L2. When the coupling 1550 rotates in the direction T1, the transmission surface 1550h and the pin 155 make contact to each other. Then, a force component is applied in the direction T2 on the pin 155 and the pin moves in the direction T2. And the development shaft 153 moves until the free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 makes contact with the developer support surface 15 501 (figure 31b) of the coupling 1550. Thus, the position of the developing shaft 153 (Roll of revelation) with respect to the direction of the axis L2 is determined. [00284] Furthermore, the imaging support surface 1550i of the coupling 1550 is a conic surface, and the free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 is the spherical surface. For this reason, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L2, the position of the drive part 1550B of the coupling 1550 relative to development shaft 153 is determined. [00285] The taper angles alpha 5 and alpha 6 are selected so as to be sufficient to produce the force to move the coupling and the developing roller in the direction of thrust. And the angles differ depending on the load. However, if they are provided other devices to determine the thrust direction of the position, the angles of taper alpha 5 and alpha 6 can be small. [00286] Therefore, as described hereinbefore, the coupling is provided with the taper for producing the retraction force in the direction of the axis L2 and the conic surface for determining the position in the direction perpendicular to the axis L2. Thus, the position in the direction of the axis L2 of the coupling and the position in the direction perpendicular to the axis can be determined simultaneously. In addition, further assured transmission of the rotational force can be accomplished. This will be described. When receiving surface of the rotational force or rotational coupling force transmission surface has no angle supradescrito taper, the rotational force transmitting surface or the receiving surface of the coupling rotational force leans because of the influence of dimensional tolerance and so on, and the force component is produced in the direction (opposite direction to T2 of Figure 30) of the axis L2. Thus, the contact between the receiving surface of the rotational force and the rotational force transmitting surface of the drive transmission pin and the coupling is disturbed. However, with the supradescrita structure, a problem like this is avoided. [00287] However, it is not inevitable that the coupling is filled both with such conical surface shrinkage as positioning. For example, in place of the taper for pulling in the direction of the axis L2, a part for disposition in the direction of the axis L2 can be incorporated. From now on, provided there is no particular description will be described the case where both the tapered surface as the tapered surface are formed. [00288] With reference to Figure 32, the description of the device to regulate the direction of the inclination of the coupling relative to the cartridge for the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft of the apparatus main assembly is made. Figure 32 is a side view illustrating a main part of the cartridge drive side, and Figure 33 is a sectional view taken along S7-S7 of Figure 32. [00289] Here, in order to regulate the direction of inclination of the coupling 150 relative to the cartridge B, the supporting member (mounting member) 1557 is provided with a regulating portion 1557h1 or 1557h2. This adjustment of 1557h1 or 1557h2 is provided so that it is substantially parallel to the rotational direction X4 immediately before the coupling engage the drive shaft 180. Further, their timings are D7 slightly larger than the external diameter of the drive portion 150b of the coupling 150 phi D6. Thus, the coupling 150 is pivotable in the rotational direction X4. Furthermore, the coupling is pivotable in all directions relative to the development shaft. For this reason, regardless of the stage of the development shaft, the coupling can be inclined in the regulated direction. Therefore, it is easy to insert the drive shaft (not shown) into the insertion opening 150m for the drive shaft coupling 150 more precisely. So they are can be fitted more securely. [00290] Furthermore, in the foregoing description, the angle on the angular position of the pre-engagement coupling 150 relative to the axis L1 is larger than the angle of the disengaging angular position (Figure 22, Figure 25). However, this is not inevitable. With reference to Figure 34, the description will be made. [00291] Figure 34 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the coupling assembly process. As shown in Figure 35, the state in (a) the coupling of the assembly process the direction of the axis L1, the free end position downstream 1850A1 with respect to the rotational direction X4 is closer to the direction of the drive shaft 182 ( the application of the rotational force) than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. In the state of (b), the position of the free end 1850A1 is placed in contact with the free end portion 180b. At this time, the free end position 1850A1 moves toward the development shaft 153 along the downstream free end portion 180b of drive shaft 180 with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. And the free end position 1850A1 passes by the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180 in this position and the coupling 150 takes the angular position pre-engagement (Figure 34 (c)). It is finally established the engagement between the coupling 1850 and the drive shaft 180 ((angular position to the rotational force transmitting (Figure 34 (d)). When the part of the free end 1850A1 passes by the free end 180b3, the position of the end free 1850A1 makes contact at the free end 180b3, or is positioned on the side of the developing shaft (153) or developing roller. [00292] An example of this embodiment will be described. [00293] First, as shown in Figure 5, the diameter of the disclosure axis of the shaft 153 is ΦΖ1, the diameter of the pin shaft 155 is ΦΖ2 and the length is Z3. As shown in Figures 6 (d), (e) and (f), the maximum outer diameter of the driven portion 150a of the ΦΖ4 coupling 150 is the diameter of an imaginary circle Cl (Figure 6 (d)) which forms the inner ends of the projection 150d1 and 150d2 or 150d3, 150d4 is ΦΖ5 and the maximum outer diameter of the drive portion 150b is ΦΖ6. Referring to figures 22 and 25, the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the conic surface for receiving the drive shaft 150f is a2, and the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the receiving surface of shaft 1501 and al. The diameter of drive shaft shaft 180 is ΦΖ7, the diameter of the pin shaft 182 is ΦΖ8 and the length is Z9). Furthermore, the angle relative to the axis L1 in the rotational angular position of force transmitting β1 is the angle in the pre-engagement angular position and the angle β2 is in the disengaging angular position is β3. In this example, Z1 = 8 mm; Z2 = 2mm; Z3 = 12mm; Z4 = 15mm; Z5 = 10mm; Ζ6 = 19 mm; Ζ7 = 8 mm; Ζ8 = 2 mm; Ζ9 = 14 mm; α1 = 70 degrees; α2 = 120 degrees; β1 = 0 ° β2 = β3 = 35 degrees and 30 degrees. [00294] It has been confirmed with these adjustments that devices of this type function satisfactorily. However, these settings do not limit the present invention. EMBODIMENT 2 [00295] With reference to Figure 36 - Figure 38, the second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. [00296] In this embodiment, will be described a device for tilting the geometric engagement axis relative to the axis of the developing roller. [00297] In the description of this mode, the same as Type 1 reference numbers are assigned to members with the corresponding functions in this mode, and its detailed description is omitted for simplicity. This applies also to the other embodiment described below. [00298] Figure 36 is a perspective view which illustrates a coupling locking member (this is peculiar to the present embodiment) pasted on the supporting member. Figure 37 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 38 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling. [00299] As shown in Figure 36, the support member 3157 has a space 3157b which surrounds a part of coupling. A member of the coupling locking 3159 as a member of maintenance to keep the coupling of tilt 3150 is pasted on the cylinder surface 3157i which is its space. As will be described below, this locking member 3159 is a member for maintaining temporarily the state where the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis L1. In other words, as shown in Figure 36, the part of the coupling flange 3150j 3150 makes contact with this locking member 3159. Thus, the axis L2 maintains the state of tilt in the downstream direction with respect to the rotational direction (X4 ) of the cartridge relative to the axis L1. Therefore, as shown in Figure 46, the locking member 3159 is disposed on the upstream cylinder surface 3157i of the supporting member 3157 with respect to the rotational direction X4. As the latch member 3159 of the material, the material having a relatively high coefficient of friction such as rubber and elastomer, or elastic material such as sponge and flat spring, are suitable. This occurs due to the inclination of the axis L2 can be maintained by the frictional force, elastic force, and so on. [00300] With reference to Figure 38, will be described engaging operation (a part of the cartridge mounting and dismounting operation) for engaging the coupling 3150 in the drive shaft 180. Figures 38 (a1) and (b1) illustrate the state immediately before engagement, and Figures 38 (a2) and (b2) illustrate the state of completion of the coupling. [00301] As shown in Figure 38 (a1) and Figure 38 (b1), the axis coupling L2 3150 tilts in the downstream direction (retracted position) with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 beforehand the locking member of the force 3159 (angular position pre-engagement). Thus, the engagement slope 3150 in the direction of the axis L1 of the downstream free end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A1 is closer to the cartridge side (developing roller) than the free end of the shaft drive 180b3. And the part of the free upstream end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A2 is closer to the pin 182 than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180. Furthermore, at this time, as described above, part of the flange coupling 3150j 150 makes contact with the locking member 3159. And the inclined axis L2 state is maintained by a frictional force. [00302] Next, the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the free end surface 180b or the free end of pin 182 makes contact with the receiving surface of the drive shaft 3150f of the coupling 3150. And the axis L2 approaches the direction parallel with the axis L1 by Your contact force (force that rotates the rotary member). At this time, the portion of the flange 3150j flees the 3159 locking member and is in the state out of touch. [00303] And finally, the axis L1 and the axis L2 are substantially coaxial with one another. [00304] And the coupling 3150 is in a standby (spare) for transmitting the rotational force (Figures 38 (a2), (b2)) (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00305] Similar to the first embodiment, the rotary device C oscillates around a central axis of oscillation and places the developing roller 110 in contact with the photosensitive drum 107. And the rotational force of the engine 64 is transmitted to the coupling 3150, the pin 155, the development shaft 153 and the developing roller 110 through the drive shaft 180. The axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 while rotating. For this reason, the lock member 3159 does not contact the coupling 3150 and does not affect the drive of the coupling 3150. [00306] After the formation of the finished image, the rotary device C swings in the opposite direction and the developing roller 110 is spaced from the photosensitive drum 107. And then, in order to perform image formation for the next color, the rotary C begins the revolution device. In this case, the coupling 3150 disengages from the drive shaft 180. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves from the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position for disengagement. Since the operation in this case is the same as Mode 1 (figure 25), its description is omitted for simplicity. [00307] Moreover, when the rotary device C performs a complete revolution, the axis L2 of the coupling 3150 is inclined toward the downstream in the rotational direction X4 by known means. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves in the angular position to the disengaging angular position from the pre-engagement angular position by rotational force transmission. In doing so, the part of the flange 3150j makes contact with the locking member 3159, and the inclined state of the coupling is again maintained. [00308] As described hereinbefore, the inclined state of the axis L2 is maintained by the locking member 3159 pasted on the supporting member 3157. Thus, the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft is established much more precisely. [00309] In this embodiment, the locking member 3159 is pasted on the side more upstream surface 31571 of the inner support member with respect to the rotational direction X4. However, this is not inevitable. For example, what is necessary is the position where its inclined state can be maintained when the axis L2 is inclined. [00310] The latch member 3159 described contact of the flange (Figure 38b1) 3150j (Figure 38bl), however, the contact position can be part triggered 3150th (Figure 38b1). [00311] In this mode, although it has been reported that the locking member is a separate member, this is not inevitable. For example, it may be integrally molded with the carrier member 3157 (two color molding, for example), and the support member 3157 can be directly brought into contact with the coupling 3150 in place of the locking member 3159. Or the coupling surface can be made coarser to increase the coefficient of friction. [00312] Moreover, although it has been reported that the locking member 3159 is pasted into the 3157 revelation support member, it can be anything, if he is a member fixed to the cartridge B. MODE 3 [00313] With reference Figure 39 - Figure 42, will be described a third embodiment of the present invention. [00314] description of devices will be made to incline the axis L2 relative to the axis L1. [00315] As shown in Figure 39 (perspective view), a pressure member of the coupling peculiar to this embodiment is mounted on the support member. Figure 40 is a perspective view illustrating the coupling pressing member. Figure 41 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 42 is a perspective view illustrating the engaging operation and a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling. [00316] As shown in Figure 39, the spring supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2 are provided on the inner surface 4157i of the supporting member (mounting member) 4157. In addition, the parts of the coils 4159b, 4159c spiral spring twist (coupling predisposition members) 4159 are mounted on the supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2. And, as shown in Figure 40, a contact part of the 4159th biasing member 4159 makes contact with the side of the driven part 4150th of a part of the flange 4150J coupling 4150. The spring 4159 is twisted to produce an elastic force. Thus, the axis L2 of the coupling 4150 is inclined relative to the axis L1 (Figure 41, angular position pre-engagement). The biasing member 4159 contact position for the flange portion is adjusted 4150J downstream from the center of the developing shaft 153 with respect to the rotational direction X4. For this reason, the axis (L2) is inclined relative to the axis (L1) so that the side of the driven part 4150th is directed downstream with respect to the rotational direction (X4). [00317] In this embodiment, although the torsion coil spring is used as biasing member (elastic material), this is not inevitable. Any device which can produce the elastic forces, such as, for example, leaf springs, rubber or sponge can be used. However, in order to incline the axis L2, a certain amount of stroke it is required. Therefore, it is desirable that a member can provide a course. [00318] Moreover, the supporting portion of 4157el spring, 4157e2 of the supporting member 4157 and the portion of the coils 4159b, 4159c function as rib restraint for the described coupling relation to mode 1 (Figure 9, Figure 12) . [00319] With reference to Figure 42, the coupling operation will be described (a part of the rotating device rotating operation) between the coupling 4150 and the drive shaft 180. (al) and (bi) in Figure 42 are views immediately before engagement, and (a2) and (b2) in Figure 42 illustrate the state where the engagement has completed. (a3) and (b3) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the engagement has been released, and (a4) and (b4) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the axis L2 inclines if n the drive transmission part 1280c1, 1280c2 may be integrally molded with the drive shaft 1280 as shown in Figure 29 (b). When the drive shaft is a molded resin part, the part of the drive transmission can be molded as an integral part. Therefore, cost reduction can be achieved. [00280] As shown in Figure 29 (c) in order to narrow the band of the free end 1380b of the drive shaft 1380, the outer diameter of the free end of the shaft 1380C may be smaller than the outer diameter of a part main 1380th. The part of the free end 1380b requires degree of accuracy in order to determine the position of the coupling (not shown) in the manner described above. For this reason, the surface which requires high degree of accuracy can be reduced by limiting the spherical range only to the contact mating portion. Thus, the machining cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the free end of the unnecessary spherical surface may be cut similarly. [00281] Furthermore, in the foregoing embodiments, the direction of the geometric axis L1 there is no play between the developing roller and the apparatus main assembly. Here, the developing roller positioning method will be described with reference to the direction of the axis L1 as when there game. In other words, the coupling 1550 is provided with a conical surface 1550e, 1550h. As for the drive shaft, a force is produced in the thrust direction by the rotation. Thus, the coupling and the developing roller are positioned with respect to the direction of the axis L1. With reference to Figure 30 and Figure 31, this will be described in detail. Figure 30 is a perspective view and top plan view of the coupling alone. Figure 31 is an exploded perspective view of the drive shaft, the development shaft and the coupling. [00282] As shown in Figure 30 (b), the receiving surface of the rotational force 1550e forms an angle alpha 5 relative to the axis L2. When the drive shaft 180 rotates in the direction T1, the pin 182 and the receiving surface 1550e make contact to each other. Then, a force component is applied in the direction T2 to the coupling 1550 and the coupling moves in the direction T2. In more detail, the coupling 1550 moves until the receiving surface of the drive shaft 1550F (Figure 31) of the coupling 1550 make contact with the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180. Thus, the position with respect to the direction the axis L2 of the coupling 1550 is determined. Furthermore, the free end 180b is a spherical surface and the receiving surface of the drive shaft 1550F coupling 1550 is a conic surface. For this reason, in the direction perpendicular to the axis L2, the driven part 1550th position of the coupling 1550 relative to the drive shaft 180 is determined. [00283] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 30 (c), the rotational force transmitting surface (rotational force of the transmission) 1550h forms the angle alpha 6 relative to the axis L2. When the coupling 1550 rotates in the direction T1, the transmission surface 1550h and the pin 155 make contact to each other. Then, a force component is applied in the direction T2 on the pin 155 and the pin moves in the direction T2. And the development shaft 153 moves until the free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 makes contact with the developer support surface 15 501 (figure 31b) of the coupling 1550. Thus, the position of the developing shaft 153 (Roll of revelation) with respect to the direction of the axis L2 is determined. [00284] Furthermore, the imaging support surface 1550i of the coupling 1550 is a conic surface, and the free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 is the spherical surface. For this reason, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L2, the position of the drive part 1550B of the coupling 1550 relative to development shaft 153 is determined. [00285] The taper angles alpha 5 and alpha 6 are selected so as to be sufficient to produce the force to move the coupling and the developing roller in the direction of thrust. And the angles differ depending on the load. However, if they are provided other devices to determine the thrust direction of the position, the angles of taper alpha 5 and alpha 6 can be small. [00286] Therefore, as described hereinbefore, the coupling is provided with the taper for producing the retraction force in the direction of the axis L2 and the conic surface for determining the position in the direction perpendicular to the axis L2. Thus, the position in the direction of the axis L2 of the coupling and the position in the direction perpendicular to the axis can be determined simultaneously. In addition, further assured transmission of the rotational force can be accomplished. This will be described. When receiving surface of the rotational force or rotational coupling force transmission surface has no angle supradescrito taper, the rotational force transmitting surface or the receiving surface of the coupling rotational force leans because of the influence of dimensional tolerance and so on, and the force component is produced in the direction (opposite direction to T2 of Figure 30) of the axis L2. Thus, the contact between the receiving surface of the rotational force and the rotational force transmitting surface of the drive transmission pin and the coupling is disturbed. However, with the supradescrita structure, a problem like this is avoided. [00287] However, it is not inevitable that the coupling is filled both with such conical surface shrinkage as positioning. For example, in place of the taper for pulling in the direction of the axis L2, a part for disposition in the direction of the axis L2 can be incorporated. From now on, provided there is no particular description will be described the case where both the tapered surface as the tapered surface are formed. [00288] With reference to Figure 32, the description of the device to regulate the direction of the inclination of the coupling relative to the cartridge for the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft of the apparatus main assembly is made. Figure 32 is a side view illustrating a main part of the cartridge drive side, and Figure 33 is a sectional view taken along S7-S7 of Figure 32. [00289] Here, in order to regulate the direction of inclination of the coupling 150 relative to the cartridge B, the supporting member (mounting member) 1557 is provided with a regulating portion 1557h1 or 1557h2. This adjustment of 1557h1 or 1557h2 is provided so that it is substantially parallel to the rotational direction X4 immediately before the coupling engage the drive shaft 180. Further, their timings are D7 slightly larger than the external diameter of the drive portion 150b of the coupling 150 phi D6. Thus, the coupling 150 is pivotable in the rotational direction X4. Furthermore, the coupling is pivotable in all directions relative to the development shaft. For this reason, regardless of the stage of the development shaft, the coupling can be inclined in the regulated direction. Therefore, it is easy to insert the drive shaft (not shown) into the insertion opening 150m for the drive shaft coupling 150 more precisely. So they are can be fitted more securely. [00290] Furthermore, in the foregoing description, the angle on the angular position of the pre-engagement coupling 150 relative to the axis L1 is larger than the angle of the disengaging angular position (Figure 22, Figure 25). However, this is not inevitable. With reference to Figure 34, the description will be made. [00291] Figure 34 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the coupling assembly process. As shown in Figure 35, the state in (a) the coupling of the assembly process the direction of the axis L1, the free end position downstream 1850A1 with respect to the rotational direction X4 is closer to the direction of the drive shaft 182 ( the application of the rotational force) than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. In the state of (b), the position of the free end 1850A1 is placed in contact with the free end portion 180b. At this time, the free end position 1850A1 moves toward the development shaft 153 along the downstream free end portion 180b of drive shaft 180 with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. And the free end position 1850A1 passes by the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180 in this position and the coupling 150 takes the angular position pre-engagement (Figure 34 (c)). It is finally established the engagement between the coupling 1850 and the drive shaft 180 ((angular position to the rotational force transmitting (Figure 34 (d)). When the part of the free end 1850A1 passes by the free end 180b3, the position of the end free 1850A1 makes contact at the free end 180b3, or is positioned on the side of the developing shaft (153) or developing roller. [00292] An example of this embodiment will be described. [00293] First, as shown in Figure 5, the diameter of the disclosure axis of the shaft 153 is ΦΖ1, the diameter of the pin shaft 155 is ΦΖ2 and the length is Z3. As shown in Figures 6 (d), (e) and (f), the maximum outer diameter of the driven portion 150a of the ΦΖ4 coupling 150 is the diameter of an imaginary circle Cl (Figure 6 (d)) which forms the inner ends of the projection 150d1 and 150d2 or 150d3, 150d4 is ΦΖ5 and the maximum outer diameter of the drive portion 150b is ΦΖ6. Referring to figures 22 and 25, the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the conic surface for receiving the drive shaft 150f is a2, and the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the receiving surface of shaft 1501 and al. The diameter of drive shaft shaft 180 is ΦΖ7, the diameter of the pin shaft 182 is ΦΖ8 and the length is Z9). Furthermore, the angle relative to the axis L1 in the rotational angular position of force transmitting β1 is the angle in the pre-engagement angular position and the angle β2 is in the disengaging angular position is β3. In this example, Z1 = 8 mm; Z2 = 2mm; Z3 = 12mm; Z4 = 15mm; Z5 = 10mm; Ζ6 = 19 mm; Ζ7 = 8 mm; Ζ8 = 2 mm; Ζ9 = 14 mm; α1 = 70 degrees; α2 = 120 degrees; β1 = 0 ° β2 = β3 = 35 degrees and 30 degrees. [00294] It has been confirmed with these adjustments that devices of this type function satisfactorily. However, these settings do not limit the present invention. EMBODIMENT 2 [00295] With reference to Figure 36 - Figure 38, the second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. [00296] In this embodiment, will be described a device for tilting the geometric engagement axis relative to the axis of the developing roller. [00297] In the description of this mode, the same as Type 1 reference numbers are assigned to members with the corresponding functions in this mode, and its detailed description is omitted for simplicity. This applies also to the other embodiment described below. [00298] Figure 36 is a perspective view which illustrates a coupling locking member (this is peculiar to the present embodiment) pasted on the supporting member. Figure 37 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 38 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling. [00299] As shown in Figure 36, the support member 3157 has a space 3157b which surrounds a part of coupling. A member of the coupling locking 3159 as a member of maintenance to keep the coupling of tilt 3150 is pasted on the cylinder surface 3157i which is its space. As will be described below, this locking member 3159 is a member for maintaining temporarily the state where the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis L1. In other words, as shown in Figure 36, the part of the coupling flange 3150j 3150 makes contact with this locking member 3159. Thus, the axis L2 maintains the state of tilt in the downstream direction with respect to the rotational direction (X4 ) of the cartridge relative to the axis L1. Therefore, as shown in Figure 46, the locking member 3159 is disposed on the upstream cylinder surface 3157i of the supporting member 3157 with respect to the rotational direction X4. As the latch member 3159 of the material, the material having a relatively high coefficient of friction such as rubber and elastomer, or elastic material such as sponge and flat spring, are suitable. This occurs due to the inclination of the axis L2 can be maintained by the frictional force, elastic force, and so on. [00300] With reference to Figure 38, will be described engaging operation (a part of the cartridge mounting and dismounting operation) for engaging the coupling 3150 in the drive shaft 180. Figures 38 (a1) and (b1) illustrate the state immediately before engagement, and Figures 38 (a2) and (b2) illustrate the state of completion of the coupling. [00301] As shown in Figure 38 (a1) and Figure 38 (b1), the axis coupling L2 3150 tilts in the downstream direction (retracted position) with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 beforehand the locking member of the force 3159 (angular position pre-engagement). Thus, the engagement slope 3150 in the direction of the axis L1 of the downstream free end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A1 is closer to the cartridge side (developing roller) than the free end of the shaft drive 180b3. And the part of the free upstream end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A2 is closer to the pin 182 than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180. Furthermore, at this time, as described above, part of the flange coupling 3150j 150 makes contact with the locking member 3159. And the inclined axis L2 state is maintained by a frictional force. [00302] Next, the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the free end surface 180b or the free end of pin 182 makes contact with the receiving surface of the drive shaft 3150f of the coupling 3150. And the axis L2 approaches the direction parallel with the axis L1 by Your contact force (force that rotates the rotary member). At this time, the portion of the flange 3150j flees the 3159 locking member and is in the state out of touch. [00303] And finally, the axis L1 and the axis L2 are substantially coaxial with one another. [00304] And the coupling 3150 is in a standby (spare) for transmitting the rotational force (Figures 38 (a2), (b2)) (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00305] Similar to the first embodiment, the rotary device C oscillates around a central axis of oscillation and places the developing roller 110 in contact with the photosensitive drum 107. And the rotational force of the engine 64 is transmitted to the coupling 3150, the pin 155, the development shaft 153 and the developing roller 110 through the drive shaft 180. The axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 while rotating. For this reason, the lock member 3159 does not contact the coupling 3150 and does not affect the drive of the coupling 3150. [00306] After the formation of the finished image, the rotary device C swings in the opposite direction and the developing roller 110 is spaced from the photosensitive drum 107. And then, in order to perform image formation for the next color, the rotary C begins the revolution device. In this case, the coupling 3150 disengages from the drive shaft 180. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves from the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position for disengagement. Since the operation in this case is the same as Mode 1 (figure 25), its description is omitted for simplicity. [00307] Moreover, when the rotary device C performs a complete revolution, the axis L2 of the coupling 3150 is inclined toward the downstream in the rotational direction X4 by known means. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves in the angular position to the disengaging angular position from the pre-engagement angular position by rotational force transmission. In doing so, the part of the flange 3150j makes contact with the locking member 3159, and the inclined state of the coupling is again maintained. [00308] As described hereinbefore, the inclined state of the axis L2 is maintained by the locking member 3159 pasted on the supporting member 3157. Thus, the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft is established much more precisely. [00309] In this embodiment, the locking member 3159 is pasted on the side more upstream surface 31571 of the inner support member with respect to the rotational direction X4. However, this is not inevitable. For example, what is necessary is the position where its inclined state can be maintained when the axis L2 is inclined. [00310] The latch member 3159 described contact of the flange (Figure 38b1) 3150j (Figure 38bl), however, the contact position can be part triggered 3150th (Figure 38b1). [00311] In this mode, although it has been reported that the locking member is a separate member, this is not inevitable. For example, it may be integrally molded with the carrier member 3157 (two color molding, for example), and the support member 3157 can be directly brought into contact with the coupling 3150 in place of the locking member 3159. Or the coupling surface can be made coarser to increase the coefficient of friction. [00312] Moreover, although it has been reported that the locking member 3159 is pasted into the 3157 revelation support member, it can be anything, if he is a member fixed to the cartridge B. MODE 3 [00313] With reference Figure 39 - Figure 42, will be described a third embodiment of the present invention. [00314] description of devices will be made to incline the axis L2 relative to the axis L1. [00315] As shown in Figure 39 (perspective view), a pressure member of the coupling peculiar to this embodiment is mounted on the support member. Figure 40 is a perspective view illustrating the coupling pressing member. Figure 41 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 42 is a perspective view illustrating the engaging operation and a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling. [00316] As shown in Figure 39, the spring supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2 are provided on the inner surface 4157i of the supporting member (mounting member) 4157. In addition, the parts of the coils 4159b, 4159c spiral spring twist (coupling predisposition members) 4159 are mounted on the supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2. And, as shown in Figure 40, a contact part of the 4159th biasing member 4159 makes contact with the side of the driven part 4150th of a part of the flange 4150J coupling 4150. The spring 4159 is twisted to produce an elastic force. Thus, the axis L2 of the coupling 4150 is inclined relative to the axis L1 (Figure 41, angular position pre-engagement). The biasing member 4159 contact position for the flange portion is adjusted 4150J downstream from the center of the developing shaft 153 with respect to the rotational direction X4. For this reason, the axis (L2) is inclined relative to the axis (L1) so that the side of the driven part 4150th is directed downstream with respect to the rotational direction (X4). [00317] In this embodiment, although the torsion coil spring is used as biasing member (elastic material), this is not inevitable. Any device which can produce the elastic forces, such as, for example, leaf springs, rubber or sponge can be used. However, in order to incline the axis L2, a certain amount of stroke it is required. Therefore, it is desirable that a member can provide a course. [00318] Moreover, the supporting portion of 4157el spring, 4157e2 of the supporting member 4157 and the portion of the coils 4159b, 4159c function as rib restraint for the described coupling relation to mode 1 (Figure 9, Figure 12) . [00319] With reference to Figure 42, the coupling operation will be described (a part of the rotating device rotating operation) between the coupling 4150 and the drive shaft 180. (al) and (bi) in Figure 42 are views immediately before engagement, and (a2) and (b2) in Figure 42 illustrate the state where the engagement has completed. (a3) and (b3) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the engagement has been released, and (a4) and (b4) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the axis L2 inclines if n the drive transmission part 1280c1, 1280c2 may be integrally molded with the drive shaft 1280 as shown in Figure 29 (b). When the drive shaft is a molded resin part, the part of the drive transmission can be molded as an integral part. Therefore, cost reduction can be achieved. [00280] As shown in Figure 29 (c) in order to narrow the band of the free end 1380b of the drive shaft 1380, the outer diameter of the free end of the shaft 1380C may be smaller than the outer diameter of a part main 1380th. The part of the free end 1380b requires degree of accuracy in order to determine the position of the coupling (not shown) in the manner described above. For this reason, the surface which requires high degree of accuracy can be reduced by limiting the spherical range only to the contact mating portion. Thus, the machining cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the free end of the unnecessary spherical surface may be cut similarly. [00281] Furthermore, in the foregoing embodiments, the direction of the geometric axis L1 there is no play between the developing roller and the apparatus main assembly. Here, the developing roller positioning method will be described with reference to the direction of the axis L1 as when there game. In other words, the coupling 1550 is provided with a conical surface 1550e, 1550h. As for the drive shaft, a force is produced in the thrust direction by the rotation. Thus, the coupling and the developing roller are positioned with respect to the direction of the axis L1. With reference to Figure 30 and Figure 31, this will be described in detail. Figure 30 is a perspective view and top plan view of the coupling alone. Figure 31 is an exploded perspective view of the drive shaft, the development shaft and the coupling. [00282] As shown in Figure 30 (b), the receiving surface of the rotational force 1550e forms an angle alpha 5 relative to the axis L2. When the drive shaft 180 rotates in the direction T1, the pin 182 and the receiving surface 1550e make contact to each other. Then, a force component is applied in the direction T2 to the coupling 1550 and the coupling moves in the direction T2. In more detail, the coupling 1550 moves until the receiving surface of the drive shaft 1550F (Figure 31) of the coupling 1550 make contact with the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180. Thus, the position with respect to the direction the axis L2 of the coupling 1550 is determined. Furthermore, the free end 180b is a spherical surface and the receiving surface of the drive shaft 1550F coupling 1550 is a conic surface. For this reason, in the direction perpendicular to the axis L2, the driven part 1550th position of the coupling 1550 relative to the drive shaft 180 is determined. [00283] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 30 (c), the rotational force transmitting surface (rotational force of the transmission) 1550h forms the angle alpha 6 relative to the axis L2. When the coupling 1550 rotates in the direction T1, the transmission surface 1550h and the pin 155 make contact to each other. Then, a force component is applied in the direction T2 on the pin 155 and the pin moves in the direction T2. And the development shaft 153 moves until the free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 makes contact with the developer support surface 15 501 (figure 31b) of the coupling 1550. Thus, the position of the developing shaft 153 (Roll of revelation) with respect to the direction of the axis L2 is determined. [00284] Furthermore, the imaging support surface 1550i of the coupling 1550 is a conic surface, and the free end 153b of the developing shaft 153 is the spherical surface. For this reason, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L2, the position of the drive part 1550B of the coupling 1550 relative to development shaft 153 is determined. [00285] The taper angles alpha 5 and alpha 6 are selected so as to be sufficient to produce the force to move the coupling and the developing roller in the direction of thrust. And the angles differ depending on the load. However, if they are provided other devices to determine the thrust direction of the position, the angles of taper alpha 5 and alpha 6 can be small. [00286] Therefore, as described hereinbefore, the coupling is provided with the taper for producing the retraction force in the direction of the axis L2 and the conic surface for determining the position in the direction perpendicular to the axis L2. Thus, the position in the direction of the axis L2 of the coupling and the position in the direction perpendicular to the axis can be determined simultaneously. In addition, further assured transmission of the rotational force can be accomplished. This will be described. When receiving surface of the rotational force or rotational coupling force transmission surface has no angle supradescrito taper, the rotational force transmitting surface or the receiving surface of the coupling rotational force leans because of the influence of dimensional tolerance and so on, and the force component is produced in the direction (opposite direction to T2 of Figure 30) of the axis L2. Thus, the contact between the receiving surface of the rotational force and the rotational force transmitting surface of the drive transmission pin and the coupling is disturbed. However, with the supradescrita structure, a problem like this is avoided. [00287] However, it is not inevitable that the coupling is filled both with such conical surface shrinkage as positioning. For example, in place of the taper for pulling in the direction of the axis L2, a part for disposition in the direction of the axis L2 can be incorporated. From now on, provided there is no particular description will be described the case where both the tapered surface as the tapered surface are formed. [00288] With reference to Figure 32, the description of the device to regulate the direction of the inclination of the coupling relative to the cartridge for the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft of the apparatus main assembly is made. Figure 32 is a side view illustrating a main part of the cartridge drive side, and Figure 33 is a sectional view taken along S7-S7 of Figure 32. [00289] Here, in order to regulate the direction of inclination of the coupling 150 relative to the cartridge B, the supporting member (mounting member) 1557 is provided with a regulating portion 1557h1 or 1557h2. This adjustment of 1557h1 or 1557h2 is provided so that it is substantially parallel to the rotational direction X4 immediately before the coupling engage the drive shaft 180. Further, their timings are D7 slightly larger than the external diameter of the drive portion 150b of the coupling 150 phi D6. Thus, the coupling 150 is pivotable in the rotational direction X4. Furthermore, the coupling is pivotable in all directions relative to the development shaft. For this reason, regardless of the stage of the development shaft, the coupling can be inclined in the regulated direction. Therefore, it is easy to insert the drive shaft (not shown) into the insertion opening 150m for the drive shaft coupling 150 more precisely. So they are can be fitted more securely. [00290] Furthermore, in the foregoing description, the angle on the angular position of the pre-engagement coupling 150 relative to the axis L1 is larger than the angle of the disengaging angular position (Figure 22, Figure 25). However, this is not inevitable. With reference to Figure 34, the description will be made. [00291] Figure 34 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the coupling assembly process. As shown in Figure 35, the state in (a) the coupling of the assembly process the direction of the axis L1, the free end position downstream 1850A1 with respect to the rotational direction X4 is closer to the direction of the drive shaft 182 ( the application of the rotational force) than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. In the state of (b), the position of the free end 1850A1 is placed in contact with the free end portion 180b. At this time, the free end position 1850A1 moves toward the development shaft 153 along the downstream free end portion 180b of drive shaft 180 with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the rotary device. And the free end position 1850A1 passes by the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180 in this position and the coupling 150 takes the angular position pre-engagement (Figure 34 (c)). It is finally established the engagement between the coupling 1850 and the drive shaft 180 ((angular position to the rotational force transmitting (Figure 34 (d)). When the part of the free end 1850A1 passes by the free end 180b3, the position of the end free 1850A1 makes contact at the free end 180b3, or is positioned on the side of the developing shaft (153) or developing roller. [00292] An example of this embodiment will be described. [00293] First, as shown in Figure 5, the diameter of the disclosure axis of the shaft 153 is ΦΖ1, the diameter of the pin shaft 155 is ΦΖ2 and the length is Z3. As shown in Figures 6 (d), (e) and (f), the maximum outer diameter of the driven portion 150a of the ΦΖ4 coupling 150 is the diameter of an imaginary circle Cl (Figure 6 (d)) which forms the inner ends of the projection 150d1 and 150d2 or 150d3, 150d4 is ΦΖ5 and the maximum outer diameter of the drive portion 150b is ΦΖ6. Referring to figures 22 and 25, the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the conic surface for receiving the drive shaft 150f is a2, and the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the receiving surface of shaft 1501 and al. The diameter of drive shaft shaft 180 is ΦΖ7, the diameter of the pin shaft 182 is ΦΖ8 and the length is Z9). Furthermore, the angle relative to the axis L1 in the rotational angular position of force transmitting β1 is the angle in the pre-engagement angular position and the angle β2 is in the disengaging angular position is β3. In this example, Z1 = 8 mm; Z2 = 2mm; Z3 = 12mm; Z4 = 15mm; Z5 = 10mm; Ζ6 = 19 mm; Ζ7 = 8 mm; Ζ8 = 2 mm; Ζ9 = 14 mm; α1 = 70 degrees; α2 = 120 degrees; β1 = 0 ° β2 = β3 = 35 degrees and 30 degrees. [00294] It has been confirmed with these adjustments that devices of this type function satisfactorily. However, these settings do not limit the present invention. EMBODIMENT 2 [00295] With reference to Figure 36 - Figure 38, the second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. [00296] In this embodiment, will be described a device for tilting the geometric engagement axis relative to the axis of the developing roller. [00297] In the description of this mode, the same as Type 1 reference numbers are assigned to members with the corresponding functions in this mode, and its detailed description is omitted for simplicity. This applies also to the other embodiment described below. [00298] Figure 36 is a perspective view which illustrates a coupling locking member (this is peculiar to the present embodiment) pasted on the supporting member. Figure 37 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 38 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling. [00299] As shown in Figure 36, the support member 3157 has a space 3157b which surrounds a part of coupling. A member of the coupling locking 3159 as a member of maintenance to keep the coupling of tilt 3150 is pasted on the cylinder surface 3157i which is its space. As will be described below, this locking member 3159 is a member for maintaining temporarily the state where the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis L1. In other words, as shown in Figure 36, the part of the coupling flange 3150j 3150 makes contact with this locking member 3159. Thus, the axis L2 maintains the state of tilt in the downstream direction with respect to the rotational direction (X4 ) of the cartridge relative to the axis L1. Therefore, as shown in Figure 46, the locking member 3159 is disposed on the upstream cylinder surface 3157i of the supporting member 3157 with respect to the rotational direction X4. As the latch member 3159 of the material, the material having a relatively high coefficient of friction such as rubber and elastomer, or elastic material such as sponge and flat spring, are suitable. This occurs due to the inclination of the axis L2 can be maintained by the frictional force, elastic force, and so on. [00300] With reference to Figure 38, will be described engaging operation (a part of the cartridge mounting and dismounting operation) for engaging the coupling 3150 in the drive shaft 180. Figures 38 (a1) and (b1) illustrate the state immediately before engagement, and Figures 38 (a2) and (b2) illustrate the state of completion of the coupling. [00301] As shown in Figure 38 (a1) and Figure 38 (b1), the axis coupling L2 3150 tilts in the downstream direction (retracted position) with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 beforehand the locking member of the force 3159 (angular position pre-engagement). Thus, the engagement slope 3150 in the direction of the axis L1 of the downstream free end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A1 is closer to the cartridge side (developing roller) than the free end of the shaft drive 180b3. And the part of the free upstream end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A2 is closer to the pin 182 than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180. Furthermore, at this time, as described above, part of the flange coupling 3150j 150 makes contact with the locking member 3159. And the inclined axis L2 state is maintained by a frictional force. [00302] Next, the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the free end surface 180b or the free end of pin 182 makes contact with the receiving surface of the drive shaft 3150f of the coupling 3150. And the axis L2 approaches the direction parallel with the axis L1 by Your contact force (force that rotates the rotary member). At this time, the portion of the flange 3150j flees the 3159 locking member and is in the state out of touch. [00303] And finally, the axis L1 and the axis L2 are substantially coaxial with one another. [00304] And the coupling 3150 is in a standby (spare) for transmitting the rotational force (Figures 38 (a2), (b2)) (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00305] Similar to the first embodiment, the rotary device C oscillates around a central axis of oscillation and places the developing roller 110 in contact with the photosensitive drum 107. And the rotational force of the engine 64 is transmitted to the coupling 3150, the pin 155, the development shaft 153 and the developing roller 110 through the drive shaft 180. The axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 while rotating. For this reason, the lock member 3159 does not contact the coupling 3150 and does not affect the drive of the coupling 3150. [00306] After the formation of the finished image, the rotary device C swings in the opposite direction and the developing roller 110 is spaced from the photosensitive drum 107. And then, in order to perform image formation for the next color, the rotary C begins the revolution device. In this case, the coupling 3150 disengages from the drive shaft 180. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves from the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position for disengagement. Since the operation in this case is the same as Mode 1 (figure 25), its description is omitted for simplicity. [00307] Moreover, when the rotary device C performs a complete revolution, the axis L2 of the coupling 3150 is inclined toward the downstream in the rotational direction X4 by known means. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves in the angular position to the disengaging angular position from the pre-engagement angular position by rotational force transmission. In doing so, the part of the flange 3150j makes contact with the locking member 3159, and the inclined state of the coupling is again maintained. [00308] As described hereinbefore, the inclined state of the axis L2 is maintained by the locking member 3159 pasted on the supporting member 3157. Thus, the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft is established much more precisely. [00309] In this embodiment, the locking member 3159 is pasted on the side more upstream surface 31571 of the inner support member with respect to the rotational direction X4. However, this is not inevitable. For example, what is necessary is the position where its inclined state can be maintained when the axis L2 is inclined. [00310] The latch member 3159 described contact of the flange (Figure 38b1) 3150j (Figure 38bl), however, the contact position can be part triggered 3150th (Figure 38b1). [00311] In this mode, although it has been reported that the locking member is a separate member, this is not inevitable. For example, it may be integrally molded with the carrier member 3157 (two color molding, for example), and the support member 3157 can be directly brought into contact with the coupling 3150 in place of the locking member 3159. Or the coupling surface can be made coarser to increase the coefficient of friction. [00312] Moreover, although it has been reported that the locking member 3159 is pasted into the 3157 revelation support member, it can be anything, if he is a member fixed to the cartridge B. MODE 3 [00313] With reference Figure 39 - Figure 42, will be described a third embodiment of the present invention. [00314] description of devices will be made to incline the axis L2 relative to the axis L1. [00315] As shown in Figure 39 (perspective view), a pressure member of the coupling peculiar to this embodiment is mounted on the support member. Figure 40 is a perspective view illustrating the coupling pressing member. Figure 41 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 42 is a perspective view illustrating the engaging operation and a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling. [00316] As shown in Figure 39, the spring supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2 are provided on the inner surface 4157i of the supporting member (mounting member) 4157. In addition, the parts of the coils 4159b, 4159c spiral spring twist (coupling predisposition members) 4159 are mounted on the supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2. And, as shown in Figure 40, a contact part of the 4159th biasing member 4159 makes contact with the side of the driven part 4150th of a part of the flange 4150J coupling 4150. The spring 4159 is twisted to produce an elastic force. Thus, the axis L2 of the coupling 4150 is inclined relative to the axis L1 (Figure 41, angular position pre-engagement). The biasing member 4159 contact position for the flange portion is adjusted 4150J downstream from the center of the developing shaft 153 with respect to the rotational direction X4. For this reason, the axis (L2) is inclined relative to the axis (L1) so that the side of the driven part 4150th is directed downstream with respect to the rotational direction (X4). [00317] In this embodiment, although the torsion coil spring is used as biasing member (elastic material), this is not inevitable. Any device which can produce the elastic forces, such as, for example, leaf springs, rubber or sponge can be used. However, in order to incline the axis L2, a certain amount of stroke it is required. Therefore, it is desirable that a member can provide a course. [00318] Moreover, the supporting portion of 4157el spring, 4157e2 of the supporting member 4157 and the portion of the coils 4159b, 4159c function as rib restraint for the described coupling relation to mode 1 (Figure 9, Figure 12) . [00319] With reference to Figure 42, the coupling operation will be described (a part of the rotating device rotating operation) between the coupling 4150 and the drive shaft 180. (al) and (bi) in Figure 42 are views immediately before engagement, and (a2) and (b2) in Figure 42 illustrate the state where the engagement has completed. (a3) and (b3) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the engagement has been released, and (a4) and (b4) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the axis L2 inclines if n or is positioned on the side of the developing shaft (153) or developing roller. [00292] An example of this type will be described. [00293] First, as shown in Figure 5, the diameter of the developing shaft 153 is ΦΖ1 shaft, the diameter of the pin shaft 155 is ΦΖ2 and the length is Z3. As shown in Figures 6 (d), (e) and (f), the maximum outer diameter of the part driven 150a of the coupling 150 is ΦΖ4 the diameter of an imaginary circle Cl (Figure 6 (d)) which forms the inner ends of the projection 150d1 and 150d2 or 150d3, 150d4 is ΦΖ5 and the maximum outer diameter of the drive portion 150b is ΦΖ6. Referring to figures 22 and 25, the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the conic surface for receiving the drive shaft 150f is a2, and the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the receiving surface of shaft 1501 and al. The diameter of drive shaft shaft 180 is ΦΖ7, the diameter of the pin shaft 182 is ΦΖ8 and the length is Z9). Furthermore, the angle relative to the axis L1 in the rotational angular position of force transmitting β1 is the angle in the pre-engagement angular position and the angle β2 is in the disengaging angular position is β3. In this example, Z1 = 8 mm; Z2 = 2mm; Z3 = 12mm; Z4 = 15mm; Z5 = 10mm; Ζ6 = 19 mm; Ζ7 = 8 mm; Ζ8 = 2 mm; Ζ9 = 14 mm; α1 = 70 degrees; α2 = 120 degrees; β1 = 0 ° β2 = β3 = 35 degrees and 30 degrees. [00294] It has been confirmed with these adjustments that devices of this type function satisfactorily. However, these settings do not limit the present invention. EMBODIMENT 2 [00295] With reference to Figure 36 - Figure 38, the second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. [00296] In this embodiment, will be described a device for tilting the geometric engagement axis relative to the axis of the developing roller. [00297] In the description of this mode, the same as Type 1 reference numbers are assigned to members with the corresponding functions in this mode, and its detailed description is omitted for simplicity. This applies also to the other embodiment described below. [00298] Figure 36 is a perspective view which illustrates a coupling locking member (this is peculiar to the present embodiment) pasted on the supporting member. Figure 37 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 38 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling. [00299] As shown in Figure 36, the support member 3157 has a space 3157b which surrounds a part of coupling. A member of the coupling locking 3159 as a member of maintenance to keep the coupling of tilt 3150 is pasted on the cylinder surface 3157i which is its space. As will be described below, this locking member 3159 is a member for maintaining temporarily the state where the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis L1. In other words, as shown in Figure 36, the part of the coupling flange 3150j 3150 makes contact with this locking member 3159. Thus, the axis L2 maintains the state of tilt in the downstream direction with respect to the rotational direction (X4 ) of the cartridge relative to the axis L1. Therefore, as shown in Figure 46, the locking member 3159 is disposed on the upstream cylinder surface 3157i of the supporting member 3157 with respect to the rotational direction X4. As the latch member 3159 of the material, the material having a relatively high coefficient of friction such as rubber and elastomer, or elastic material such as sponge and flat spring, are suitable. This occurs due to the inclination of the axis L2 can be maintained by the frictional force, elastic force, and so on. [00300] With reference to Figure 38, will be described engaging operation (a part of the cartridge mounting and dismounting operation) for engaging the coupling 3150 in the drive shaft 180. Figures 38 (a1) and (b1) illustrate the state immediately before engagement, and Figures 38 (a2) and (b2) illustrate the state of completion of the coupling. [00301] As shown in Figure 38 (a1) and Figure 38 (b1), the axis coupling L2 3150 tilts in the downstream direction (retracted position) with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 beforehand the locking member of the force 3159 (angular position pre-engagement). Thus, the engagement slope 3150 in the direction of the axis L1 of the downstream free end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A1 is closer to the cartridge side (developing roller) than the free end of the shaft drive 180b3. And the part of the free upstream end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A2 is closer to the pin 182 than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180. Furthermore, at this time, as described above, part of the flange coupling 3150j 150 makes contact with the locking member 3159. And the inclined axis L2 state is maintained by a frictional force. [00302] Next, the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the free end surface 180b or the free end of pin 182 makes contact with the receiving surface of the drive shaft 3150f of the coupling 3150. And the axis L2 approaches the direction parallel with the axis L1 by Your contact force (force that rotates the rotary member). At this time, the portion of the flange 3150j flees the 3159 locking member and is in the state out of touch. [00303] And finally, the axis L1 and the axis L2 are substantially coaxial with one another. [00304] And the coupling 3150 is in a standby (spare) for transmitting the rotational force (Figures 38 (a2), (b2)) (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00305] Similar to the first embodiment, the rotary device C oscillates around a central axis of oscillation and places the developing roller 110 in contact with the photosensitive drum 107. And the rotational force of the engine 64 is transmitted to the coupling 3150, the pin 155, the development shaft 153 and the developing roller 110 through the drive shaft 180. The axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 while rotating. For this reason, the lock member 3159 does not contact the coupling 3150 and does not affect the drive of the coupling 3150. [00306] After the formation of the finished image, the rotary device C swings in the opposite direction and the developing roller 110 is spaced from the photosensitive drum 107. And then, in order to perform image formation for the next color, the rotary C begins the revolution device. In this case, the coupling 3150 disengages from the drive shaft 180. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves from the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position for disengagement. Since the operation in this case is the same as Mode 1 (figure 25), its description is omitted for simplicity. [00307] Moreover, when the rotary device C performs a complete revolution, the axis L2 of the coupling 3150 is inclined toward the downstream in the rotational direction X4 by known means. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves in the angular position to the disengaging angular position from the pre-engagement angular position by rotational force transmission. In doing so, the part of the flange 3150j makes contact with the locking member 3159, and the inclined state of the coupling is again maintained. [00308] As described hereinbefore, the inclined state of the axis L2 is maintained by the locking member 3159 pasted on the supporting member 3157. Thus, the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft is established much more precisely. [00309] In this embodiment, the locking member 3159 is pasted on the side more upstream surface 31571 of the inner support member with respect to the rotational direction X4. However, this is not inevitable. For example, what is necessary is the position where its inclined state can be maintained when the axis L2 is inclined. [00310] The latch member 3159 described contact of the flange (Figure 38b1) 3150j (Figure 38bl), however, the contact position can be part triggered 3150th (Figure 38b1). [00311] In this mode, although it has been reported that the locking member is a separate member, this is not inevitable. For example, it may be integrally molded with the carrier member 3157 (two color molding, for example), and the support member 3157 can be directly brought into contact with the coupling 3150 in place of the locking member 3159. Or the coupling surface can be made coarser to increase the coefficient of friction. [00312] Moreover, although it has been reported that the locking member 3159 is pasted into the 3157 revelation support member, it can be anything, if he is a member fixed to the cartridge B. MODE 3 [00313] With reference Figure 39 - Figure 42, will be described a third embodiment of the present invention. [00314] description of devices will be made to incline the axis L2 relative to the axis L1. [00315] As shown in Figure 39 (perspective view), a pressure member of the coupling peculiar to this embodiment is mounted on the support member. Figure 40 is a perspective view illustrating the coupling pressing member. Figure 41 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 42 is a perspective view illustrating the engaging operation and a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling. [00316] As shown in Figure 39, the spring supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2 are provided on the inner surface 4157i of the supporting member (mounting member) 4157. In addition, the parts of the coils 4159b, 4159c spiral spring twist (coupling predisposition members) 4159 are mounted on the supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2. And, as shown in Figure 40, a contact part of the 4159th biasing member 4159 makes contact with the side of the driven part 4150th of a part of the flange 4150J coupling 4150. The spring 4159 is twisted to produce an elastic force. Thus, the axis L2 of the coupling 4150 is inclined relative to the axis L1 (Figure 41, angular position pre-engagement). The biasing member 4159 contact position for the flange portion is adjusted 4150J downstream from the center of the developing shaft 153 with respect to the rotational direction X4. For this reason, the axis (L2) is inclined relative to the axis (L1) so that the side of the driven part 4150th is directed downstream with respect to the rotational direction (X4). [00317] In this embodiment, although the torsion coil spring is used as biasing member (elastic material), this is not inevitable. Any device which can produce the elastic forces, such as, for example, leaf springs, rubber or sponge can be used. However, in order to incline the axis L2, a certain amount of stroke it is required. Therefore, it is desirable that a member can provide a course. [00318] Moreover, the supporting portion of 4157el spring, 4157e2 of the supporting member 4157 and the portion of the coils 4159b, 4159c function as rib restraint for the described coupling relation to mode 1 (Figure 9, Figure 12) . [00319] With reference to Figure 42, the coupling operation will be described (a part of the rotating device rotating operation) between the coupling 4150 and the drive shaft 180. (al) and (bi) in Figure 42 are views immediately before engagement, and (a2) and (b2) in Figure 42 illustrate the state where the engagement has completed. (a3) and (b3) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the engagement has been released, and (a4) and (b4) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the axis L2 inclines if n or is positioned on the side of the developing shaft (153) or developing roller. [00292] An example of this type will be described. [00293] First, as shown in Figure 5, the diameter of the developing shaft 153 is ΦΖ1 shaft, the diameter of the pin shaft 155 is ΦΖ2 and the length is Z3. As shown in Figures 6 (d), (e) and (f), the maximum outer diameter of the part driven 150a of the coupling 150 is ΦΖ4 the diameter of an imaginary circle Cl (Figure 6 (d)) which forms the inner ends of the projection 150d1 and 150d2 or 150d3, 150d4 is ΦΖ5 and the maximum outer diameter of the drive portion 150b is ΦΖ6. Referring to figures 22 and 25, the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the conic surface for receiving the drive shaft 150f is a2, and the angle formed between the coupling 150 and the receiving surface of shaft 1501 and al. The diameter of drive shaft shaft 180 is ΦΖ7, the diameter of the pin shaft 182 is ΦΖ8 and the length is Z9). Furthermore, the angle relative to the axis L1 in the rotational angular position of force transmitting β1 is the angle in the pre-engagement angular position and the angle β2 is in the disengaging angular position is β3. In this example, Z1 = 8 mm; Z2 = 2mm; Z3 = 12mm; Z4 = 15mm; Z5 = 10mm; Ζ6 = 19 mm; Ζ7 = 8 mm; Ζ8 = 2 mm; Ζ9 = 14 mm; α1 = 70 degrees; α2 = 120 degrees; β1 = 0 ° β2 = β3 = 35 degrees and 30 degrees. [00294] It has been confirmed with these adjustments that devices of this type function satisfactorily. However, these settings do not limit the present invention. EMBODIMENT 2 [00295] With reference to Figure 36 - Figure 38, the second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. [00296] In this embodiment, will be described a device for tilting the geometric engagement axis relative to the axis of the developing roller. [00297] In the description of this mode, the same as Type 1 reference numbers are assigned to members with the corresponding functions in this mode, and its detailed description is omitted for simplicity. This applies also to the other embodiment described below. [00298] Figure 36 is a perspective view which illustrates a coupling locking member (this is peculiar to the present embodiment) pasted on the supporting member. Figure 37 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 38 is a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a state sandwiched between the drive shaft and the coupling. [00299] As shown in Figure 36, the support member 3157 has a space 3157b which surrounds a part of coupling. A member of the coupling locking 3159 as a member of maintenance to keep the coupling of tilt 3150 is pasted on the cylinder surface 3157i which is its space. As will be described below, this locking member 3159 is a member for maintaining temporarily the state where the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis L1. In other words, as shown in Figure 36, the part of the coupling flange 3150j 3150 makes contact with this locking member 3159. Thus, the axis L2 maintains the state of tilt in the downstream direction with respect to the rotational direction (X4 ) of the cartridge relative to the axis L1. Therefore, as shown in Figure 46, the locking member 3159 is disposed on the upstream cylinder surface 3157i of the supporting member 3157 with respect to the rotational direction X4. As the latch member 3159 of the material, the material having a relatively high coefficient of friction such as rubber and elastomer, or elastic material such as sponge and flat spring, are suitable. This occurs due to the inclination of the axis L2 can be maintained by the frictional force, elastic force, and so on. [00300] With reference to Figure 38, will be described engaging operation (a part of the cartridge mounting and dismounting operation) for engaging the coupling 3150 in the drive shaft 180. Figures 38 (a1) and (b1) illustrate the state immediately before engagement, and Figures 38 (a2) and (b2) illustrate the state of completion of the coupling. [00301] As shown in Figure 38 (a1) and Figure 38 (b1), the axis coupling L2 3150 tilts in the downstream direction (retracted position) with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 beforehand the locking member of the force 3159 (angular position pre-engagement). Thus, the engagement slope 3150 in the direction of the axis L1 of the downstream free end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A1 is closer to the cartridge side (developing roller) than the free end of the shaft drive 180b3. And the part of the free upstream end (with respect to mounting direction) 3150A2 is closer to the pin 182 than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180. Furthermore, at this time, as described above, part of the flange coupling 3150j 150 makes contact with the locking member 3159. And the inclined axis L2 state is maintained by a frictional force. [00302] Next, the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the free end surface 180b or the free end of pin 182 makes contact with the receiving surface of the drive shaft 3150f of the coupling 3150. And the axis L2 approaches the direction parallel with the axis L1 by Your contact force (force that rotates the rotary member). At this time, the portion of the flange 3150j flees the 3159 locking member and is in the state out of touch. [00303] And finally, the axis L1 and the axis L2 are substantially coaxial with one another. [00304] And the coupling 3150 is in a standby (spare) for transmitting the rotational force (Figures 38 (a2), (b2)) (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00305] Similar to the first embodiment, the rotary device C oscillates around a central axis of oscillation and places the developing roller 110 in contact with the photosensitive drum 107. And the rotational force of the engine 64 is transmitted to the coupling 3150, the pin 155, the development shaft 153 and the developing roller 110 through the drive shaft 180. The axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 while rotating. For this reason, the lock member 3159 does not contact the coupling 3150 and does not affect the drive of the coupling 3150. [00306] After the formation of the finished image, the rotary device C swings in the opposite direction and the developing roller 110 is spaced from the photosensitive drum 107. And then, in order to perform image formation for the next color, the rotary C begins the revolution device. In this case, the coupling 3150 disengages from the drive shaft 180. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves from the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position for disengagement. Since the operation in this case is the same as Mode 1 (figure 25), its description is omitted for simplicity. [00307] Moreover, when the rotary device C performs a complete revolution, the axis L2 of the coupling 3150 is inclined toward the downstream in the rotational direction X4 by known means. In other words, the coupling 3150 moves in the angular position to the disengaging angular position from the pre-engagement angular position by rotational force transmission. In doing so, the part of the flange 3150j makes contact with the locking member 3159, and the inclined state of the coupling is again maintained. [00308] As described hereinbefore, the inclined state of the axis L2 is maintained by the locking member 3159 pasted on the supporting member 3157. Thus, the engagement between the coupling and the drive shaft is established much more precisely. [00309] In this embodiment, the locking member 3159 is pasted on the side more upstream surface 31571 of the inner support member with respect to the rotational direction X4. However, this is not inevitable. For example, what is necessary is the position where its inclined state can be maintained when the axis L2 is inclined. [00310] The latch member 3159 described contact of the flange (Figure 38b1) 3150j (Figure 38bl), however, the contact position can be part triggered 3150th (Figure 38b1). [00311] In this mode, although it has been reported that the locking member is a separate member, this is not inevitable. For example, it may be integrally molded with the carrier member 3157 (two color molding, for example), and the support member 3157 can be directly brought into contact with the coupling 3150 in place of the locking member 3159. Or the coupling surface can be made coarser to increase the coefficient of friction. [00312] Moreover, although it has been reported that the locking member 3159 is pasted into the 3157 revelation support member, it can be anything, if he is a member fixed to the cartridge B. MODE 3 [00313] With reference Figure 39 - Figure 42, will be described a third embodiment of the present invention. [00314] description of devices will be made to incline the axis L2 relative to the axis L1. [00315] As shown in Figure 39 (perspective view), a pressure member of the coupling peculiar to this embodiment is mounted on the support member. Figure 40 is a perspective view illustrating the coupling pressing member. Figure 41 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the cartridge drive side. Figure 42 is a perspective view illustrating the engaging operation and a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling. [00316] As shown in Figure 39, the spring supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2 are provided on the inner surface 4157i of the supporting member (mounting member) 4157. In addition, the parts of the coils 4159b, 4159c spiral spring twist (coupling predisposition members) 4159 are mounted on the supporting parts 4157e1, 4157e2. And, as shown in Figure 40, a contact part of the 4159th biasing member 4159 makes contact with the side of the driven part 4150th of a part of the flange 4150J coupling 4150. The spring 4159 is twisted to produce an elastic force. Thus, the axis L2 of the coupling 4150 is inclined relative to the axis L1 (Figure 41, angular position pre-engagement). The biasing member 4159 contact position for the flange portion is adjusted 4150J downstream from the center of the developing shaft 153 with respect to the rotational direction X4. For this reason, the axis (L2) is inclined relative to the axis (L1) so that the side of the driven part 4150th is directed downstream with respect to the rotational direction (X4). [00317] In this embodiment, although the torsion coil spring is used as biasing member (elastic material), this is not inevitable. Any device which can produce the elastic forces, such as, for example, leaf springs, rubber or sponge can be used. However, in order to incline the axis L2, a certain amount of stroke it is required. Therefore, it is desirable that a member can provide a course. [00318] Moreover, the supporting portion of 4157el spring, 4157e2 of the supporting member 4157 and the portion of the coils 4159b, 4159c function as rib restraint for the described coupling relation to mode 1 (Figure 9, Figure 12) . [00319] With reference to Figure 42, the coupling operation will be described (a part of the rotating device rotating operation) between the coupling 4150 and the drive shaft 180. (al) and (bi) in Figure 42 are views immediately before engagement, and (a2) and (b2) in Figure 42 illustrate the state where the engagement has completed. (a3) and (b3) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the engagement has been released, and (a4) and (b4) in Figure 42 are views in the state where the axis L2 inclines if ndirection downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 again. [00320] In the state (retraction position of the coupling 4150) of Figures 42 (al) and 42 (bl), the geometric axis L2 is beforehand inclined in the downstream direction with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 ( angular position pre-engagement). Thus, the coupling 4150 is inclined. Thus, the direction of the axis L1, the free end position 4150A1 downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 is positioned at the side of the cartridge (developing roller) beyond the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. Furthermore, the free end position 4150A2 upstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 is positioned beyond the pin 182 side from the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. In other words, as described hereinbefore, the flange portion is pressed by 4150J biasing member 4159. For this reason, the axis L2 is inclined relative to the axis L1 by the biasing force. [00321] Next, the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the free end surface 180b or the free end of pin 182 makes contact with the receiving surface of the drive shaft 4150f of the coupling 4150. And the axis L2 approaches to the angle in parallel with the axis L1 by contact force (rotational force of the rotary device). [00322] At the same time, the portion of the flange 4150J and the predisposition of spring 4159 make contact with each other. Thus, the spring 4159 is twisted to increase the moment. Finally, the geometric axis LI and the axis L2 are substantially coaxial with each other, and the coupling 4150 is in a state of rotational delay (Figure 42 (a2), (b2)) (rotational position to rotational force transmitting) . [00323] Similarly to embodiment 1, the rotational force of the motor 64 is transmitted to the coupling 4150, the pin 155, the development shaft 153 and the developing roller 110 through the drive shaft 180. The biasing force of the biasing member 4159 applies to the coupling 4150 at the time of rotation. However, if the engine drive torque 64 has a sufficient margin, the coupling 4150 will rotate with high accuracy. [00324] When the rotary member rotates further, the coupling 4150 is separated from the drive shaft 180 as shown in Figures 42 (a3) ​​and (b3). In other words, the spherical surface of the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 pushes the receiving surface 4150f of the drive shaft coupling. Thus, the axis L2 inclines in the direction opposite to the direction (opposite to the rotational direction X4) with respect to the axis L1 (disengaging angular position). In so doing, the biasing member 4159 is further twisted so that the biasing force (elastic force) further increases. For this reason, after the coupling 4150 is disengaged from the drive shaft 180, the axis L2 is again inclined in the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 by the biasing member biasing force 4159 (angular position pre-engagement, Figure 42 (a4), (b4)). Thus, even if the device to incline the axis L2 in the direction of the angular position pre-engagement when the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 4150 are again coupled by the revolution of the rotary device C with one another is not provided particularly, the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 4150 are connectable (engageable) each other. [00325] As described hereinbefore, the disposition is performed by the biasing member 4159 provided on the support member 4157. Thus, the axis L2 is inclined relative to the axis L1. Therefore, the inclined state of the coupling 4150 is maintained safely and engagement (coupling) between the coupling 4150 and the drive shaft 180 is guaranteed. [00326] The predisposition of limb position in this mode is not restrictive. For example, it may be another position on the support member 4157, or may be a member other than a member like this. [00327] Moreover, the direction of biasing member of predisposition 4159 is the same direction as the axis L1, but if the axis L2 lean in the predetermined direction, it can be any direction. [00328] Moreover, the energizing position of the biasing member 4159 is the position of the flange 4150J, but if the axis L2 leaning towards the predetermined direction, it can be any position of the coupling . EMBODIMENT 4 [00329] Referring to Figure 43 - Figure 46, will be described a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [00330] The device for tilting the axis L2 relative to the axis L1 will be described. [00331] Figure 43 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a state before assembly of the major members of the developing cartridge. Figure 44 is an enlarged side view of the cartridge drive side. Figure 45 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically illustrating the structure for the axis L2 incline. Figure 46 is the drive shaft and a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the engaging operation between the coupling. [00332] As shown in Figure 43 and Figure 45, a coupling member 5157k latch is provided on the supporting member (mounting member) 5157. When the supporting member 5157 is assembled in the direction of the axis L1, while a part of a locking surface 5157k1 the locking member 5157k makes contact with the inclined surface 5150m of the coupling 5150, the part engages the upper surface 5150j1 a flange portion 5150j. At this time, the flange portion 5150j is mounted with play (angle alpha 49) between locking surface 5157k1 and circular column portion of the development shaft 153 153a. Even when the dimension of the coupling tolerances 5150, support 5157 of member and the development shaft 153 vary, the part of the flange 5150j1 can lock securely in the locking 5157k1 support 5157 member providing up this play (angle alpha 49) . [00333] And, as shown in Figure 45 (a), the axis L2 is inclined so that the side of the driven part 5150th faces downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1. Furthermore, since the flange portion 5150j extends over the entire circumference, it can be mounted regardless of the phase of the coupling 5150. Furthermore, as was described with regard to Type 1, the coupling is pivotable in the rotational direction X4 by the party regulation 5157h1 or 5157h2. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the locking member 5157k is provided at the position further downstream in the rotational direction X4. [00334] As will be described below, as shown in Figure 45 (b), in the state in engagement with the drive shaft 180, the flange portion 5150j is released from the locking member 5157k. Furthermore, the coupling 5150 becomes free from the locking portion 5157k. In assembling the supporting member 5157 when the coupling 5150 can not be retained in the inclined state, 5150b drive coupling part is urged by the well tool and forth (the direction of an X14 arrow in Figure 45 (b)). Thus, the coupling 5150 is easily assembled (Figure 45 (a)). [00335] With reference to Figure 46, will be described engaging operation (a part of rotary rotating operation) between the coupling 5150 and the drive shaft 180. Figure 46 (a) shows a view immediately before the engagement, and (b) is a view after a part of coupling 5150 passing the drive shaft 180. Moreover, (c) illustrates the state where the coupling 5150 is released by the tilt drive shaft 180, and (d) illustrates the state seated. [00336] In the state of Figure 46 (a) and (b), the coupling 5150 takes a retraction position where its axis L2 is inclined beforehand to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 (angular position pre -engate). The position of the free end 5150A1 downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 takes a position closer to the cartridge B (developing roller) than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft by engagement of the slope 5150. Furthermore, the position of upstream free end 5150A2 with respect to the rotational direction X4 is positioned in the pin 182 side from the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. At this time, as described hereinbefore, the flange portion 5150j makes contact with the locking surface 5157k1 locking portion 5157k, and, as for the coupling, the inclined state is maintained. [00337] Then, in the manner shown in (c), the cartridge B moves in the rotational direction X4. Thus, the conical receiving surface 5150f of the coupling drive shaft 5150 or 5150D drive projection makes contact with the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 or the pin 182. The flange portion 5150j separates from the surface locking 5157k1 by force by contact. Thus, the latch coupling 5150 relative to the support member 5157 is released. And, in response to rotation of the rotating device C, the coupling is inclined so that the axis L2 is parallel to the axis L1. After the passage of the flange portion 5150j, the locking member 5157k returns to the previous position by restoring force. Then, the coupling 5150 is free of locking 5157k. And finally, in the manner shown in (d), the axis LI and the axis L2 are substantially co-axial, and rotational latency state is established (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00338] And, after finished image forming operation, the next cartridge B reaches the revealing position. For this purpose, the rotary device C turns again. In this case, if the coupling 5150 disengages from the drive shaft 180. In other words, the coupling 5150 moves to the disengaging angular position from the angular position of rotational power transmission. Once the details of the operation in this case are the same as Type 1 (figure 25), its description is omitted for simplicity. [00339] Moreover, when the rotary device C performs a complete revolution, the axis L2 of the coupling 5150 inclines to the downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 by an unknown device. In other words, the coupling 5150 moves in the angular position to the disengaging angular position from the pre-engagement angular position by rotational force transmission. In doing so, the part of the flange 5150j makes contact with the locking member 3157k, and the inclined state of the coupling is again maintained. [00340] As described hereinbefore, the inclination direction of the coupling 5150 is regulated by the locking portion 5157k of the supporting member 5157. Thus, the inclined state of the coupling 5150 is maintained even more assuredly. And the engagement between the coupling 5150 and the drive shaft 180 is securely established. Furthermore, at the time of rotation, the structure that the locking portion 5157k does not contact to the coupling 5150 also contributes to the stabilized transmission of the rotational force. [00341] In this embodiment, the locking portion 5157k has an elastic portion. However, the locking portion 5157k may not have the elastic portion and it may be in the form of a rib by which the flange portion of the coupling is made to deform. Thus, the similar effects are provided. [00342] Furthermore, the locking portion 5157k is provided most downstream side with respect to the rotational direction X4. However, the locking portion 5157k may be any position if the axis L2 can maintain the state of tilt in the predetermined direction. [00343] In this embodiment, the locking portion 5157k is constituted by a part of supporting members. However, the locking portion 5157k may be provided in another position of the support member, or may be a member other than the supporting member. Furthermore, the locking portion may be a separate member. [00344] Furthermore, the present mode is the mode 2 and mode 3 may be implemented simultaneously, and the engagement and disengagement operations of the coupling relative to the drive shaft are carried out even more assuredly in this case. EMBODIMENT 5 [00345] Referring to Figure 47 - Figure 51, fifth embodiment will be described by the present invention. [00346] The device for tilting the axis L2 relative to the axis L1 will be described. [00347] Figure 47 shows a view of supporting member and rotary flange of the driving side, viewed in the direction of the axis L1. Figure 48 shows a view of members of the main assembly of the apparatus, seen in the direction of the axis L1. Figure 49 is the same as Figure 48, however, the coupling location is added. Figure 50 is a sectional view taken along lines S10-S10, S11 -S11, S12-S12, S13-S13, S14-S14 in Figure 49. [00348] First, with reference to Figure 47, the structure will be described to regulate the direction of engagement slope 150. The support member 7157 rotates integrally with the rotary device C. The member 7157 is provided with adjustable parts 7l57h1 or 7157h2 to allow tilting only in one direction of said coupling 7150. The distance D6 between these parts regulation is slightly larger than the outside diameter (not shown) on the part of actuator 7150b of the coupling 7150 to permit rotation of the coupling 7150 and the regulation parts 7157h1 and 7157h2 are inclined with an alpha angle 7 in relative to the rotational direction X4. Thus, the coupling 7150 is pivotable in the direction X5 alpha with respect to the rotational direction X4. [00349] With reference to Figure 48, will be described the method for tilting the coupling 7150. In the present embodiment, one regulation rib 1630R fixed is provided on the drive side 180. The radius of the inner surface in the radial direction of the rib 1630R is gradually reduced towards the downstream part of the 1630Rb from the amount of the 1630Ra, R-2 with respect to the rotational direction X4. And the R-1 radius of this surface is selected so that it makes contact and interfered the outer periphery 7150c1 middle section 7150c of the coupling of Figure 45. [00350] When the coupling 7150 makes contact with the regulation rib 1630R, the coupling 7150 is pushed towards the axis of rotation of the rotary device C. At this time, the coupling 7150 is regulated by the parties or regulation 1557h1 1557h2 in the direction of movement. For this reason, the coupling 7150 is inclined in the direction X5. [00351] An increase in the degree of interference will also increase the inclination of the coupling 7150. The configuration of the regulation rib 16308 is such that before the coupling 7150 engage the drive shaft 180, the amount of interference is increased until the coupling of the tilt angle 7150 become the engageable angle. In this mode, the position 1630Rb section for 1630Rc position is located in the same positions of the axis of the radius of rotation of the rotary device C. The radius is indicated by R-1. [00352] Figure 49 illustrates the location until the coupling 7150 engage the drive shaft 180 along the guide 1630R with the rotation of the rotary device C. A section taken along S10-S10-S14-S14 line in Figure 49 is shown in Figure 50 (a) - (e). [00353] Coupling 7150 penetrates the regulation rib 1630R in the region toward X4. At this time, the coupling faces toward X6 which is substantially the forward direction, faces the opposite direction of X7, or faces in their intermediate direction. Here will be described the case where the coupling 7150 is geared toward X7. [00354] The inclination direction X5 (Figure 47) of the coupling 7150 is angle alpha 7 relative to the rotational direction X4. In view of this, when the coupling 7150 leans towards the direction X7, the driven 7150th coupling part leans out with respect to the radial direction of the rotary device C (Figure 47). The G1 clearance is provided between the coupling 7150 and 16308 regulation rib in the place where it enters the range of the 1630R throttling member. [00355] When the rotation of the rotary device C proceeds to the S11 -S11 section, the coupling 7150 and the regulation rib 1630R make contact with each other (Figure 50b). The radius of the regulation rib 1630R is reduced gradually. Therefore, the degree of interference increases with the advancement of the coupling 7150. [00356] In the position of the section S12-S12, the regulation rib 1630R pushes up the coupling 7150 and is coaxial with the development shaft (Figure 50c). At this time, the movement of the coupling 7150 is regulated by the regulation rib 1630R. In view of this, the coupling 7150 is pivotable only in the X8 direction (only in X6 direction in the cross-sectional S10-S10 position) and can not be tilted in the opposite direction X8 it. [00357] In the cross-sectional S13-S13 position, the degree of coupling of interference with the regulation rib 1630R increases. In view of this, the coupling 7150 is pushed up by the rib 1630R, and is forcibly tilted toward X9 (direction X8 in S12-S12 section) (Figure 50 (d)) (angular position pre-engagement). [00358] In this state, the rotary device C is rotated until the coupling becomes coaxial with the drive shaft 180 (position of S14-S14 section). Thus, the coupling 7150 can be fitted to the drive shaft 180 through the operation similar to the Type 1 (rotational angular position of power transmission). [00359] Then, after the formation of the finished image, the coupling 7150 is disengaged from the drive shaft 180, so that a series of operations are finished (since the disengaging operation is the same as those of the preceding embodiments, a description is omitted for simplicity). This operation is repeated for every image formation. [00360] In order that the coupling does not interfere with the regulation rib, the coupling makes contact with it from the outside with respect to the radial direction, and inclines the coupling thereby. However, it is regulated in such a way that alpha 7 angles (in Figure 47 the direction X5) party regulation 1557h1 or 1557h2 are linearly symmetrical with respect to the tangential direction (the direction X4). Thus, the same operation is performed when the regulation rib 1630R makes contact by the inner radial side. [00361] The cartridge does not need to be provided with the mechanism for tilting the coupling when the orientation of the coupling 7150 is regulated by the regulation rib 1630R. Thus, the cartridge cost reduction can be realized. [00362] In this embodiment, the coupling can assuredly slid along the rib by applying the force in the coupling with the spring and so on. [00363] Furthermore, it moves on the guide rib through an intermediate part 7150c of the coupling. However, if the tilt coupling is possible, it may move on the guide rib through the position other than the intermediate portion. [00364] Furthermore, the present mode, Mode 2 or Mode 3 or Mode 4 may be implemented simultaneously and in such a case, the coupling engagement and disengagement operations can be guaranteed. EMBODIMENT 6 [00365] Referring to Figure 51 - Figure 52, will be described the sixth embodiment of the present invention. [00366] In this mode, is used to setup another engagement. [00367] Figure 51 is an illustration of the coupling which is the main constituent members of the present embodiment. Figure 52 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating engaged state and state before the engagement between drive shaft of the main assembly of the apparatus and the coupling. [00368] First, with reference to Figure 51, the configuration of the coupling per se will be described. [00369] Figure 51 (a) shows a view of the coupling, the side of the device main assembly, Figure 51 (b) shows a view of the coupling as seen from the developing roller side, and Figure 51 (c) is a sectional view taken along S4-S4 in Figure 51 (a). [00370] The coupling 8150 is cylindrical in general. As shown in Figure 51 (c), the coupling 8150 is a part of drive shaft insertion opening 8150m and an insertion opening of the 8150p disclosure axis for receiving the rotational force from the drive shaft of the main machine assembly . The opening 8150m is provided with a tapered surface for receiving the drive shaft 8150f. At the cylindrical inner surface, it is arranged a plurality of driven projections 8150d (8150d1 or 8150d2 or 8150d3, 8150d4) in the form of ribs. Furthermore, in Figure 51 (a), a rotational force transmission surface is provided (the part receiving rotational force) 8150e1- e4 downstream projection 8150d with respect to the clockwise. And the rotational force (driving force) is transmitted by contact pin 182 of the drive shaft 180 with the surface of 8150e1-e4 transmission to the coupling 8150. [00371] The opening 8150p is similarly provided with a tapered surface of the developing support 81501. Moreover, the cylindrical inner surface is provided with rib like projections 8150g1 and 8150g2. Furthermore, in Figure 50 (b) transmitting surface is provided with one (part of rotational force transmission) 8150h1 or 8150h2 in a position upstream of the port reserve disclosure drive 8150g1 or 8150g2 with respect to clockwise. [00372] With reference to Figure 52, the description will be made regarding the coupling of the coupling operation. [00373] Figure 52 (a) is a sectional view illustrating a state before engagement with the drive shaft 180 after the movements of the development shaft 180 and the coupling 8150 in the rotational direction X4. The Z2 axis in a leaning angle alpha 7 so that the free end position 8150A1 with respect to the downstream rotational direction X4 can pass the free end portion 180b. At this time, the upstream portions 182a and the downstream 182b of the pin 182 maintain the engaged state of the transmission surface (the part receiving rotational force) 8150h1 or 8150h2 (Figure 51c) of the coupling 8150. [00374] Figure 52 (b ) illustrates the coupling 150 described with regard to Type 1, the same orientation of Figure 52 (a). As can be understood from Figure 52 (b), the axis L2 of the coupling 150 is tilted at an angle alpha 7 similarly to Figure 52 (a). Thus, the engagement between upstream pin 155 and the upstream drive transmission surface 8150hl is not established with respect to rotational direction X4. In other words, there is a gap of G7 between the pin 155 and the drive surface 150h1. Moreover, in this embodiment, the coupling 8150 has the contact portions for the rotational force transmission in two locations, as shown in Figure 52 (a). For this reason, the orientation of the coupling is further stabilized. [00375] As described hereinbefore, the coupling has a cylindrical shape. In this way, even if it is necessary to increase the inclination angle (angular position pre-engagement) of the coupling, the contact portions for transmitting rotational force in two places are guaranteed. Therefore, the inclination operation of the stabilized coupling can be accomplished. [00376] Once the transmission of rotational force between the coaxial drive shaft 180 and the developing shaft 153 and the engagement releasing operation between them are the same as in mode 1, these descriptions are omitted for simplicity. EMBODIMENT 7 [00377] With reference to Figure 53, will be described a seventh embodiment of the present invention. [00378] This method differs from Type 1 in the coupling configuration. Figure 53 (a) is a perspective view of a coupling which has a generally cylindrical shape, and Figure 53 (b) is a sectional view when the coupling mounted to the cartridge engages a drive shaft. [00379] Figures 53 (a) and 53 (b), the rotational force is fed by the main assembly on the right side, and the developing roller on the left side is triggered. [00380] An edge of the input side coupling 9150 is provided with a plurality of driven projections (parts receiving the rotational force) 9150d. In this mode, they are provided in two positions. Input parts or 9150k inputs are provided between the receiving projections of the drive 9150d. The projection 9150d is provided with a receiving surface of the rotational force (receiving part of the rotational force) 9150e. A rotational force transmitting pin (rotational application of the force) 9182 of drive shaft 9180 as described below makes contact with the receiving surface of the rotational force 9150e. Thus, a rotational force is transmitted to the coupling 9150 [00381] In order to stabilize the torque transmitted to the coupling, a plurality of receiving surfaces 150e of the rotational force is desirably disposed on the same circumference (on a common circle). By way of this arrangement, the rotational force transmission radius is constant and the torque transmitted is stabilized. A sudden torque increase can be avoided. Furthermore, from the standpoint of stabilization of the drive transmission, the receiving surfaces 9150e are desirably provided at diametrically opposed positions (180 degrees). Moreover, the number of the receiving surfaces 9150e may be any if the pin 9180 drive shaft 9182 can be received by portion 9150k reservation. In the present embodiment, the number is two. The surfaces 9150e receiving the rotational force may not be on the same circumference, or they may not be disposed diametrically opposed positions. [00382] Furthermore, the engagement surface 9150 of the cylinder is provided with the opening reservation 9150g. Furthermore, an opening 9150g is provided with the rotational force transmitting surface (rotational force of the transmission) 9150h. The drive transmission pin (rotational member for receiving the force) 9155 (Figure 53 (b)) of the developing shaft 9153 makes contact with this rotational force transmission surface 9150h. Thus, the rotational force is transmitted from the main assembly A to the developing roller 110. [00383] Similarly to the projection 9150d, 9150h the rotational force transmission surface is desirably disposed diametrically opposed on the same circumference. [00384] The settings of the 9153 revelation shaft and drive shaft 9180 will be described (Figure 53 (b)). In mode 1, the cylindrical end is a spherical surface. In this embodiment, however, the diameter of a spherical part of the free end 9153b of the end portion is larger than the diameter of a main part 9153rd. With this configuration, the part of the left edge of the coupling 9150 can lean without interfering with the main part of the 9150th. The configuration of the drive shaft 9180 is substantially the same as the axis 9150 revelation In other words, the configuration of the free end 9180b is the spherical surface, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the main part of the 9180th cylindrical shape. Furthermore, the pin is fitted (part application of rotational force) 9182 that pierces the substantial center of the free edge 9180b which is the spherical surface. The pin 9182 transmits the rotational force to the surface for transmitting or receiving surface of the rotational force 9150e coupling 9150 [00385] The revelation shaft 9150 and the spherical surface of the drive shaft 9180 are in engagement on the inner surface of the coupling 9150p 9150 . Thus, the relative position between the development shaft 9150 and the coupling 9150 of the drive shaft 9180 is determined. The operation with regard to mounting and demounting of the coupling 9150 relative to the drive shaft 9180 is the same as Mode 1, and therefore their description is omitted for simplicity. [00386] As described hereinbefore, the coupling has the cylindrical shape, and hence the position with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axis L2 of the coupling 9150 can be determined if the coupling fit on the shaft. [00387] A modified example of the coupling will be described in detail. The coupling configuration 9250 shown in Figure 53 (c), a cylindrical shape and a conical shape are grouped. Figure 53 (d) is a sectional view of the coupling of this modified example. A 9250th driven part of the coupling 9250 (the right side in the figure) has a cylindrical shape, and a 9250p engages the inner surface of the spherical surface of the drive shaft 9180. Furthermore, it has the support surface 9250q and can perform positioning with relação à direção axial entre o acoplamento 9250 e o eixo de acionamento 180. A parte de acionamento 9250b tem uma forma cônica (lado esquerdo da figura) e, similarmente à Modalidade 1, a posição em relação ao eixo de revelação 153 é determinada pela superfície de recebimento do eixo de revelação 9250x. Figure 53 (h) is a sectional view of this modified example, wherein a driven portion of the coupling 9450th 9450 (right side) has a cylindrical shape, and its inner surface 9450p 9450q engages the spherical surface of the drive shaft. A spherical surface of the drive shaft 180 makes contact with a spherical surface 9450q which is a part of the spherical surface. Thus, the position can be determined with respect to the direction of the axis L2. Projections are called 9250d, 9350d, 9450d. The surfaces of receipt of rotational force (part of receiving the rotational force) are designated by 9250e, 9350e and 9450e. EMBODIMENT 8 [00390] Referring to Figure 54 - Figure 56, will be described in the eighth embodiment of the present invention. [00391] This method differs from Type 1 in the assembly operation on the coupling of the drive shaft, and the structure in relation to it. Figure 54 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a coupling 10150 of the present embodiment. The configuration of the coupling 10150 is a combination of the cylindrical shape and conical shape which have been described in embodiment 7. Furthermore, a tapered surface 10150r is provided on the free end side of a coupling 10150. In addition, the surface of a opposite side of the drive receiving projection 10150d on the direction of the axis L1 is provided with a receiving surface of predisposition force 10150s. [00392] With reference to Figure 55, will be described engagement structure. [00393] A 10150p inner surface and a spherical surface 10153b of a development shaft 10153 of the coupling 10150 are in engagement with one another. A biasing member 10634 is provided between the receiving surface 10150s biasing force described above and a bottom surface 10151b of a development flange 10151. Therefore, the coupling 10150 is urged toward the drive shaft 180 when the rotary device C to the predetermined position. Moreover, similar to the embodiments shown, one retaining rib (not shown) is provided adjacent the driving shaft 180 in the flange 10150j with respect to the direction of the axis L1. Thus, the release coupling 10150 from the cartridge is prevented. The inner surface 10150p coupling 10150 is cylindrical. Therefore, the coupling is mounted to the cartridge B so as to be movable in the direction of the axis L2. [00394] Figure 56 is to illustrate the orientation of the coupling in the case that the coupling engages the drive shaft. Figure 56 (a) is a sectional view of the coupling 150 to the mode 1, and Figure 56 (c) is a sectional view of a coupling 10150 of the present embodiment. And Figure 56 (b) is a sectional view before reaching the state of Figure 56 (c) the rotational direction is shown by X4 and the broken line L5 is a line drawn in parallel with the mounting direction from the free end the drive shaft 180. [00395] In order that the coupling engage the drive shaft 180, the free end position 10150A1 downstream with respect to the rotational X4 direction needs to pass the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft 180. In the case of mode 1, the axis Z2 is inclined more than the angle A104. Thus, the coupling moves to the position where the free end position 150A1 does not interfere in the free end 180b3 (Figure 56 (a), angular position pre-engagement). [00396] Moreover, in the coupling 10150 of the present embodiment, it is in the state where it is not in engagement with the drive shaft 180, the coupling 10150 takes the position nearest the drive shaft 180 by means of a force recovery (elastic) a biasing member (elastic member) 10634. In this state, when it moves in the rotational direction X4, a part of the tapered surface 10150r of the coupling 10150 contacts the drive shaft (Figure 56 (b) ). At this time, force is applied to the tapered surface 10150r in the direction X4, and therefore, the coupling 10150 is retracted in the longitudinal direction xli by a component force thereof. And the part of the free end of the 10153b 10153 revelation shaft rests on a piece of support 10150t coupling 10150. In addition, the coupling 10150 rotates clockwise around the center P1 of the free end 10153b (angular position pre-engagement) of the developing shaft. [00397] Thus, the free end position 10150A1 of the coupling downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 passes by the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 (Figure 56 (c)). When the drive shaft 180 and the development shaft 10153 are substantially coaxial, a receive surface of the drive shaft 10150f of the coupling 10150 contacts the free end portion 180b by the elastic force of the biasing spring 10634. Thus, the Engagement is the state of rotational latency (Figure 55). In consideration of the amount of retraction of the coupling 10150, the degree of inclination of the axis L2 can be reduced to A106 (Figure 56 (c)). [00398] By the time the rotating device returns to its rotation in the said direction after completion of the imaging operation, the part of the free end 180b is forced to a receiving surface of the conical drive shaft 10150f coupling 10150 by rotational force of the rotating device. The coupling 10150 is pivoted by this force, while retracting toward the direction (opposite to the direction X11) of the axis L2. The coupling 10150 is disengaged (disconnected) from the drive shaft 180. EMBODIMENT 9 [00399] With reference to Figure 57 to Figure 58 and Figure 59, will be described embodiment 9. [00400] The present embodiment is different from Type 1 in position (coupling position) to power the rotational strength and structure to transmit the rotational force coupling of the developing roller and the developer supply roll. [00401] Figure 57 is a perspective view of the cartridge B. Further, Figure 58 is a perspective view which illustrates a part of driving the cartridge B without the side plate. Figure 59 (a) is a perspective view of a drive input gear, the drive side. Figure 59 (b) is a perspective view of a drive input gear, the non-drive side. [00402] A development gear 145 is provided at longitudinal end of a developing roller 110. Furthermore, a gear of the developer supply roller 146 is provided at the longitudinal end developer supply roller 115 (Figure 1). Both gears are fixed on the axles of the rollers. Thus, the rotational force from the apparatus main assembly A the coupling 150 received is transmitted to the pin (receipt of the rotational force) 155 and the gear 147. Furthermore, the rotational force received by the gear 147 is transmitted to roller Revelation 110 and the developer supply roller 115 through the gear 145 and gear 146. The rotational force may be transmitted to the developer stirring member and so on. Moreover, the member for transmitting the rotational force may not be a gear, but may be a toothed belt and so on. Members of the drive force transmission such as gearing or timing belt can be used suitably. [00403] With reference to Figure 59, the drive input gear 147 which is pivotally mounted on the coupling 150. A gear shaft 11153 is fixed by pressure coupling will be described, glue and so forth inside the gear. Its end 11153b has a spherical configuration so that it can incline smoothly when the axis L2 inclines. In this embodiment, although the gear shaft 11153 is made of metal, it may be made of resinous material integral with the gear 147. Furthermore, the rotational force transmitting pin (rotational receiving part of the force) 155 for receiving the rotational force from the coupling 150 is fitted on the free end of the gear shaft 11153 and extends in a direction transverse to the axis of the gear shaft 11153. [00404] The pin 155 is made of metal and is fixed by engagement pressure, glue and so forth of the gear shaft 11153. If the transmission of rotational force is possible, the position pin 155 is satisfactory anywhere. Preferably, the pin 155 penetrates the spherical surface center of the free end portion 11153b of the gear shaft 11153. This occurs by virtue of a structure like this, even when the angle of deviation exists between the gear shaft 11153 and the axis L2, the rotational force transmission radius is always constant. Thus, constant transmission of the rotational force is accomplished. The number of rotational force transmission points may be any, and versed in the art can select it properly. However, in this embodiment, a single pin 155 is employed from the secured point of view of a drive torque transmission and mounting feature. And the pin 155 penetrates the spherical surface center of the free end 11153b. Thus, the pin 155 protruding in diametrically opposite directions to the peripheral surface of the gear shaft 11153. In other words, the rotational force is transmitted in two places. Here, in this embodiment, although the pin 155 is metal, it may be a product made of resinous material integral with the gear shaft 11153 and the gear 147. The gears 145, 146, and 147 are helical gears. [00405] Moreover, since the mounting method of the coupling 150 is the same as Mode 1, the description is omitted. [00406] The gear 147 is provided with a space 147a for receiving the coupling 150 partially, so that it does not interfere with the gear 147 when the coupling 150 swings (the movement of pivoting). The space 147a is provided at the center of gear 147. Thus, it is possible to reduce the coupling length 150. In addition, as for the mounting method of the gear 147, a hole 147b (Figure 59 (b)) is rotationally supported the support shaft (not shown) supporting the developing 11151 (Figure 58). Moreover, the cylindrical portion 147c is rotationally supported by the inner surface 111571 of the support member 11157. [00407] Since the engagement, drive, and disengagement of the coupling by the rotating operation of the rotary device C are the same as Mode 1, the description is omitted. [00408] The device for tilting the axis L2 to the angular position pre-engagement immediately before the coupling engages the drive shaft may employ a method of any one of the embodiment 2 - embodiment 5 above described. [00409] As described in connection with the present embodiment, it is not necessary to dispose the coupling 150 at end coaxial with the developing roller 110. More particularly supradescrita according to one embodiment, the coupling 150 is provided in a remote position from the axis L1 the developing roller 110 in the direction perpendicular to the axis L1 of the developing roller 110. And, in the direction of the rotation axis L2, the rotational force transmitting surface (rotational part of force transmission and force transmitting part rotational cartridge side) 150h is provided on the opposite side of the receiving surface of the rotational force (receipt of the rotational force) 150e. And the rotational force received by the rotational force transmitting surface 150h is transmitted to the developing roller 110 through the transmission pin 155 (part receiving the rotational force) and gears 145 and 147 (member drive force transmission). Thus, the developing roller 110 is rotated by the rotational force received from the main assembly A by the coupling 150. [00410] According to this embodiment, the latitude of the apparatus main assembly A and the design of the cartridge B is improved. This occurs by virtue of the cartridge B, the coupling position can be appropriately selected regardless of the position of the developing roller 110. [00411] Further, the main assembly of the apparatus A, the position of the drive shaft 180 may be properly selected independent of the developing roller position 110 on the cartridge state B 20 mounted on the rotating device C. [00412] This is effective in revealing commercial products. EMBODIMENT 10 [00413] With reference to Figure 60 - Figure 69, will be described a tenth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 60 is a perspective view of the cartridge using a coupling 12150 according to the present embodiment. An outer periphery of an outer end of a development supporting member 12157 provided in the driving side functions as the cartridge guides 140L1, 140L2. [00414] The developer cartridge is detachably mounted on the rotating medium device C by these cartridge guides 140L1, 140L2 and cartridge guide (not shown) provided on the non-drive side. [00415] In this embodiment, the coupling can be integrally handled with the end member of the developing shaft. Here the end member of the developing member shaft is mounted at the end of the developing roller, and has the function of transmitting the rotational force to the other member in the cartridge B. [00416] Figure 61 (a) is a view in Engagement perspective, the drive side. It is a perspective view of the coupling side of the developing roller of Figure 61 (b). Figure 61 (e) is a side view of the coupling seen in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis L2. Moreover, Figure 61 (d) is a side view of the coupling, the drive side. Figure 61 (e) shows a view of the coupling as seen from the developing roller side. Moreover, Figure 61 (f) is a sectional view taken along a line S21-S21 of Figure 61 (d). [00417] The coupling 12150 of the present embodiment fits onto the drive shaft 180 similarly to the coupling 150. To receive the rotational force for rotating the developing roller. Moreover, it is disengaged from the drive shaft 180. [00418] The driven part of the coupling side 12150th the present embodiment has similar function and structure to the member 150a, and the drive-side coupling portion 12150b has the similar function and structure to the d member 150b. In this embodiment, the drive portion 12150b has the spherical surface for receiving the 12150i drive shaft so as to be movable between said three separate angular positions of the rotation phase of the developing roller 110 (Figure 61 (a) ( b) (c) (f)). [00419] Furthermore, the intermediate part 12150c has the function and structure similar to those of the member 150c. Moreover, the material and the like are the member of the same. [00420] In addition, the opening 12150m has the function and structure similar to those of the member 150m (Figure 61 (f)). [00421] Furthermore, the projection 12150d (12150d1-d4) has the function and structure similar to member 150d (Figure 61 (a), (b), (c), (d)). [00422] The entrance portion 12150k (12150k1-k4) has the similar function and structure to the member 150k (Figure 61 (a), (b), (c), (d)) 1 [00423] Furthermore, the drive portion 12150b has the spherical surface so that it can move between the angular position to the rotational force transmitting angular and position pre-engaging (or disengaging angular position) relative to the axis independently L1 phase developing roller rotation 110 in B5 cartridge. In the illustrated example, the drive portion 12150b has a spherical retaining portion 12150i concentric with the axis L2. It is provided a fixing hole 12150g penetrated by a transmission pin 12155 at a position that passes through the center of the drive part 12150b. [00424] In this embodiment, the coupling 12150 comprises a driven 12,150th part, an intermediate part 12150c, and a driving part 12150b. The connection method between them will be described in the assembly process of the following drum flange. [00425] With reference to Figure 62, will be described an example of a member of the end of the shaft 12151 disclosure of which supports the coupling 12150. Figure 62 (a) shows a perspective view from the side of the drive shaft, and figure 62 (b) is a sectional view taken along a line S22-S22 in FIG 62 (a). [00426] The opening or 1215lg1 12151 g2 shown in Figure 62 (a) form a notch which extends in the direction of the rotational axis of an end of developing member shaft 12151. [00427] At the time of mounting the coupling 12150 the rotational force transmitting pin (rotational part of force transmitting) 12155 enters this opening 12151 12151 g1 or g2. [00428] 12155 The transmit pin moves into the slot 12151 or 12151 g1 g2. Accordingly, regardless of rotation phase of the developing roller 110 in the cartridge B5, the coupling 12150 is movable between said three angular positions. [00429] Furthermore, in Figure 62 (a), the receiving surfaces of the rotational force (receiving parts rotational force) 12151 h (12151 h1 or 12151 h2) are provided in the clockwise upstream of the opening 12151 g1 or 12151 g2. One side of the coupling transmission pin 12150 12155 makes contact with the transfer surface 12151 h. Thus, the rotational force is transmitted to the developing roller 110. The transmitting surfaces of 12151 h1, h2 12151 surfaces are intercepted by the rotational direction of the end member 12151. In this manner, the transfer surface 12151 h is pressed to the side 12155 the transmit pin, and revolves around the axis L1 (Figure 62b). [00430] As shown in Figure 62 (b), the end member 12151 is provided with a section containing a coupling 12151 j for accommodating the drive transmitting portion 12150b of the coupling 12150. [00431] Figure 62 (c) is a sectional view illustrating the coupling assembly step 12150. [00432] As for the 12150th driven part and middle part 12150c of the coupling, the retaining member 12156 is inserted into the intermediate part 12150c. And the 12150th driven part and the middle part 12150c are capped in the direction of the arrow X32 by a positioning member 12150q (a driving part 12150b) which has a retaining portion 12150i. The pin 12155 penetrates the fixing hole 12150g the positioning member 12150q and the attachment hole of the intermediate part 12150c 12150r. And the pin 12155 fixed the 12150q positioning member in the intermediate part 12150c. [00433] Figure 62 (d) is a sectional view illustrating the coupling step 12150 fixing the end member 12151. [00434] The coupling 12150 is moved in the direction X33 and transmission part 12150b is inserted in the accommodation 12151 j. The 12156 retaining member is inserted in the direction of the arrow X33 to secure it in the end member 12151. The retaining member 12156 is set to play in 12150q positioning member. Thus, the coupling 12150 can change the orientation. Thus, there is provided a coupling unit which has the coupling and the end member 12151 whole. [00435] 121561 The retaining part is mounted on the coupling 12150 so that it is movable (pivotable) between the angular position of rotational force transmission angular position to the pre-engagement and the disengaging angular position. Moreover, the retaining portion 12156i regulates the movement of the coupling 12150 in the direction of the axis L2. In other words, the opening 12156j has diameter phi D15 smaller than the diameter of the holding part 121501. [00436] Similarly to the projection 12150d, the surfaces of rotational force transmission (parts rotational force transmitting) or 12150h1 are preferably disposed 12150h2 diametrically opposed on the same circumference. [00437] The coupling and the end member can be integrally treated by the structure as described above. Thus, the handling at the time of assembly is easy, and improving the assembling characteristic can be achieved. [00438] With reference to Figure 63 and Figure 64, the cartridge assembly will be described in B. Figure 63 (a) is a perspective view of the main part of the cartridge by the drive side, and Figure 63 (b) is a perspective view of the same side does not triggering. Moreover, Figure 64 is a sectional view taken along a line S23-S23 in FIG 63 (a). The developing roller 110 is rotatably mounted on the developing device frame 119. [00439] In the foregoing description, the coupling 12150 and the end member 12151 are assembled in the coupling unit. And U10 unit is mounted in the developing shaft 12153 by the side of the end of the developing roller 110 so that the transmission part 12150th exposed. And the transmission part 12150th is mounted through an inner space 12157b of the supporting member 12157. Therefore, the 12150th transmission part is exposed through the cartridge. [00440] As shown in Figure 64, a portion for positioning the developing roller 12110 12157e is provided on the supporting member 12157. Therefore, the end member 12151 is retained assuredly. [00441] Here, as shown in Figure 66, the axis L2 of the coupling 12150 can incline in any direction relative to the axis L1. Figure 66 (al) - (a5) is a view from the side of the drive shaft (180), and Figure 66 (bl) - (b5) is its perspective view. In Figure 66 (a1) (b1), the axis L2 is coaxial with the axis L1. Figure 65 (a2) (b2) illustrates the coupling 12150 in the state inclined upward from this state. While the coupling inclines in the direction of the opening position 12151 g, the transmission pin 12155 moves along the slot 12151 g (Figure 66 (a2) (b2)). [00442] As a result, the coupling 12150 is inclined around the axis AX perpendicular to the opening 12151 g. [00443] In Figure 66 (a3) ​​(b3), the coupling 12150 is inclined to the right. Thus, when the coupling inclines in the orthogonal direction of the opening 12151 g, the pin 12155 rotates inside of the opening 12151 g. The axis of rotation is the axis line AY of the transmission pin 12155. [00444] The coupling 12150 inclined downward and the coupling inclined to the left are shown in Figures 66 (a4) (b4) and 66 (a5) (b5). The coupling 12150 is inclined about the rotation axis AX, AY. [00445] With respect to the different direction of tilt direction, and the intermediate range, the circumference of the rotation axis AX and the rotation of the circumference of AY can combine with each other so that there can be tilt. For example, the different directions of tilt direction are shown in Figures 66 (a2), (a3), (a3), (a4), (a4), (a5), (a5) and (a2). Thus, the axis L2 can be inclined in any direction relative to the axis L1. [00446] However, the axis L2 does not necessarily need to be pivotable relative to the axis L1 linearly to the predetermined angle in any direction in 360 degrees. In this case, for example, the gap g is adjusted 12151 slightly larger in the circumferential direction. By such setting, when the axis L2 inclines relative to the axis L1, the coupling 12150 rotates at a slight angle around the axis L2, even if it is the case where it can not tilt in angle pre- determined linearly. Thus, the axis L2 can be inclined at the predetermined angle relative to the axis L1. In other words, the play in the rotational direction of the opening 150g can be selected appropriately by those skilled in the art. [00447] As has been described hereinbefore (Figure 64), the spherical surface 12150Í makes contact with the retaining portion 121561. For this reason, the geometric axis of rotation of the coupling 12150 is on the center P2 of the spherical surface 12150Ϊ. In other words, the axis L2 is pivotable irrespective of the phase of the end member 12151. In addition, as will be described below, so that the coupling 12150 engaging the drive shaft 180, the axis L2 is inclined to downstream in the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis L1 just before engagement. In other words, as shown in Figure 67, the axis L2 is inclined relative to the axis L1 so that the driven portion becomes 12150th downstream with respect to the rotational direction X4. [00448] Figure 60 shows the state where the axis L2 is inclined relative to the axis L1. Moreover, Figure 65 is a sectional view taken along a line S24-S24 in Figure 60. [00449] By the structure described above, the axis L2 in the inclined state shown in Figure 65 can also become substantially parallel to the axis geometric L1. [00450] Moreover, the maximum tilt angle can alpha 4 (Figure 65) between the axis L1 and the axis L2 is determined so that the track to the position where part driven 12150th and the intermediate part 12150c are Contact the end member 12151 or support member 12157 is covered. And the angle alpha 4 is set to the value required for the assembly and disassembly of the apparatus main assembly. [00451] Here, in the case of this mode, the maximum tilt angle alpha 4 is 20 degrees - 80 degrees. [00452] As described with regard to Type 1, immediately before it is determined that Cartridge B (B5) is in the predetermined position of the main assembly of the apparatus A, or substantially simultaneously with the determination that it is in the preview position -determined, the coupling 12150 and the drive shaft 180 engage each other. More particularly, the coupling 12150 and the drive shaft 180 are engaged into each other immediately before substantially simultaneously with the stop of the rotary device C. [00453] With reference to Figure 67, will be described engaging operation of this coupling 12150. Figure 67 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main assembly of the apparatus A, seen from below. [00454] In the moving process of the B7 cartridge by the rotating device C, the axis Z2 of the coupling 12150 inclines in advance in the angular position pre-engagement to the rotational direction X4 relative to the axis Z1 (Figure 67 (a) ). In the direction of Z1 axis, the downstream free end 12150A1 with respect to the rotational direction X4 is positioned at the side of the developing roller 12110 direction beyond the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft by engagement of the slope 12150. Furthermore, the 12150A2 upstream free end with respect to the rotational direction X4 is positioned more toward the side of the pin 182 than the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft (Figure 67 (a)). [00455] First, the free end position 12150A1 upstream with respect to the rotational direction X4 of the coupling 12150 passes by the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft. A part of coupling (receiving surface 12150f and / or projection 12150d) which is the cartridge side contact portion makes contact with the engaging portion of the main assembly side (the drive shaft 180 and / or pin 182) after passing. The coupling is inclined so that the axis L2 is parallel to the axis L1 in response to rotation of the rotating device C (Figure 67 (c)). And, when the B7 developing cartridge finally into the predetermined position (developing position) in the main assembly of the apparatus A (stop of rotation of the device), the drive shaft 180 and the developing roller 12110 are substantially coaxial one with the other. And the coupling 12150 is moved from the angular position pre-engagement angular position toward the rotational force transmission where the axis L2 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1. And the coupling 12150 and the drive shaft 180 engage each other (Figure 67 (d)). Withdrawal 12150z engagement covers the part of the free end 180b. [00456] As described hereinbefore, the coupling 12150 is mounted for tilting movement relative to the axis L1. More particularly, the coupling 12150 is inclined without interfering with the drive shaft 180 in response to rotation of the rotary operation device C. Thus, the coupling 12150 can be fitted to the drive shaft 180. [00457] Similarly to embodiment 1, the engaging operation of the coupling 12150 supradescrita can be performed regardless of the phase of the drive shaft 180 and the coupling 12150. [00458] Thus, in this embodiment, the coupling 12150 is mounted to the cartridge B7 for substantial rotating relative to the developing roller 110. [00459] Referring to Figure 68, will be described rotational force transmitting operation at the time of rotating the developing roller 110. The drive shaft 180 rotates with the gear (helical gear) 181 in the direction X8 in the Figure the rotational force received from the motor 64 (source drive). [00462] With reference to Figure 69, the description of the coupling operation will be 12150 and so on at the time of the cartridge B (B7) moving to another station by the rotation of the rotary device C. FIG 69 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main assembly of the apparatus A, seen from below. First, similarly to embodiment 1, whenever the cartridge B moving from the position (developing position) where it opposes the photosensitive drum, the pin 182 is positioned in any two of the entrance portions 12150k1 -12150k4 (Figure 61). [00463] In the state where the rotary device C is at rest at the developing position, the axis L2 of the coupling 12150 is substantially coaxial with the axis L1 (rotational angular position of power transmission). When the rotary device C starts to rotate further in one direction after completion of the revelation, the upstream receiving surface 12150f with respect to the rotational direction X4 and / or the projection 12150d coupling 12150 contacts the part of the free end 180b of the shaft drive 180 and / or the pin 182 (Figure 69a) in response to movement in the rotational direction X4 of the cartridge B (developing roller 110). And the axis L2 begins (Figure 69b) lean towards upstream in the rotational direction X4. The direction of tilt (angular position pre-engagement) of the coupling when the cartridge B is moving in direction for the imaging position is substantially opposite relative to the axis L1. By rotation of rotary member C operation, the upstream part of the free end 12150A2 with respect to the rotational direction X4 moves while it is in contact with the drive shaft 180 (part of the free end 180b). The axis coupling L2 12150 tilts up to position (disengaging angular position) wherepart of the upstream free end 150A2 reaches the free end 180b3 of the drive shaft (Figure 69c). And in this state, the coupling 12150 is exceeded while it is in contact with the free end of the drive shaft 180b3 (Figure 69d). Then, the cartridge B is completely retracted from the developing position by the rotation of the rotary operation device C. [00464] As described hereinbefore, the coupling 12150 is mounted for tilting movement relative to the axis L1 in the cartridge B. And the coupling 12150 is inclined without interfering with the drive shaft in response to rotational movement of the rotary device C. Thus, the coupling 12150 can be disengaged from the drive shaft 180. [00465] The coupling 12150 can be integrally handled with members end (gear and so on) by the structure as described above. For this reason, the characteristic of the assembling operation is improved. [00466] The structure for tilting the axis L2 engagement angular position to the pre-engagement immediately before the coupling engage the drive shaft may employ any of the embodiment 2 - embodiment 5. EMBODIMENT 11 [00467] With reference to Figure 70 to Figure 71 and Figure 72, the embodiment 11. [00468] The present embodiment will be described is different from the mode 10 to the position (engagement position) which feeds the drive, and the structure which transmits the rotational force to the coupling developing roller and the developer supply roll. [00469] Figure 70 is a perspective view of a cartridge according to the present embodiment. Figure 71 is a perspective view illustrating a cartridge drive part. Figure 72 (a) is a perspective view of a drive input gear, the drive side. Figure 72 (b) is a perspective view of the drive input gear, the non-drive side. [00470] The disclosure gear 145 and the gear of the feed roller 146 are disposed on side end portions of the developing roller drive 110 and feed roller 115 (Figure 1), respectively. The gears 145 and 146 are fixed on the shaft. The rotational force received from the apparatus main assembly A the coupling 13150 is transmitted through the gear to the other rotating members (the developing roller 110, the developer supply roller 115, the toner stirring device (not shown), and thus on) of cartridge B (B6). [00471] 13147 The drive input gear which supports the coupling 13150 will be described. [00472] As shown in Figure 71, the gear 13147 is rotatably provided at the position to engagement with the developing gear 145 and the feed roller gear 146. [00473] The gear 13147 has the coupling containing section 13147j similar to member end 10 12151 described in mode (Figure 72 (a)). The coupling 13150 is pivotably retained by a retaining member 13156 on the gear 13147. [00474] In addition, the supporting member 13157 and the inclination regulation member 13157i are mounted to the cartridge B (Figure 70). [00475] The supporting member 13157 is provided with the hole and its inner surface 13157i engages the gear 13147. Since the engagement, drive, and disengagement of the coupling by the rotating operation of the rotation device are the same as in Mode 10, a description is omitted for simplicity. [00476] Moreover, the structure to tilt the axis L2 engagement angular position to the pre-engagement immediately before the coupling engage the drive shaft may employ any of the embodiment 2 - embodiment 5. [00477] As was previously described here, it is not necessary to have the coupling on the end coaxial with the developing roller. According to this embodiment, the latitude of the cartridge and the image forming device body design can be improved. [00478] According to this embodiment, effects similar to Mode 9 are provided. EMBODIMENT 12 [00479] The mode 12 will be described with reference to Figures 73 and 74. [00480] In the above described arrangements, it is described the case of using the rotation selecting mechanism (rotary) as the moving member for the developing device (Cartridge B). In this embodiment, will be described another mobile member. [00481] Figures 73 (a) and 73 (b) are sectional views showing a cartridge supporting member for supporting four cartridges B (14B1 to 14B4). Figures 74 (a) to 74 (e) are perspective views and side views showing processes for engaging and disengaging a coupling with respect to a drive shaft. [00482] Referring to Figures 73 (a) and 73 (b), the respective B cartridges (14B1 to 14B4) are arranged laterally in the cross section in a cartridge supporting member 14190 and are mounted desanexável form in the member cartridge holder 14190. Figure 73 (a) is a schematic view showing a state in which a cartridge of a first color 14B1 is located in a part opposite to a photosensitive drum 107 and is able to perform the development with respect to the drum 107. When the photosensitive cartridge 14B1 full disclosure, the supporting member 14190 moves in a direction X20, so that a cartridge (second) adjacent color 1482 is located at the opposite side (developing position) with respect to the drum photosensitive 107. Incidentally, revealing the image formed on the photosensitive drum 107 is transferred on a transferring belt 104a. These operations are repeated for each color. Finally, as shown in Figure 73 (b), a fourth color cartridge 1484 moves to the opposite part with respect to the photosensitive drum 107, so that four color developer images are transferred to the transferring belt. Then, the developer images are transferred from the transferring belt for S recording material and are fixed on the recording material S. [00483] Incidentally, each cartridge 14 moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of the axial line L3 the drive shaft 180 by movement of the support member 14190 in one direction. [00484] As a result, a color image is formed on the recording material S. [00485] When a series of color image formation is completed, the support member 14190 moves in the direction X21 to be returned to a position Initial (the state of Figure 73 (a)). [00486] Next, with reference to Figures 74 (a) to 74 (e), steps of connecting and disconnecting the coupling with respect to the drive shaft by movement of the support member will be described. Representatively, will be described connection and disconnection of the cartridge 14B3 with respect to a coupling 141500. Figure 74 (a) is a perspective view showing a coupling state 14150C immediately before connection to the drive shaft 180 and Figure 74 ( b) it is a side view thereof. Figure 74 (c) is a perspective view showing a state in which the coupling is connected to the drive shaft and placed in a drive force transmitting condition. Figure 74 (d) is a perspective view showing a disconnected state of the coupling the drive shaft and Figure 74 (e) is a side view thereof. [00487] In this embodiment, as a device to include the axial line L2, the constitution described in the mode used is 5. That is, a regulation rib 14191 provided to the apparatus main assembly is disposed along a lower side of a line L20 through which a coupling 14150C passes and upstream from the driving shaft 180 with respect to a movement direction X20. Additionally, similarly to mode 6, the distance between an upper surface of the 14,191th regulation rib and the coupling 141500 is set lower than when the coupling 141500 is closer to the drive shaft 180. [00488] Additionally, as shown in Figure 74 (b), the direction of inclination of an axial line L is regulated so that a driven portion (portion to be driven) 14150Ca is directed upward with respect to the line L20 (the inclination direction is indicated by an L30 line). [00489] Here, when the revelation with the 1482 cartridge is completed, the support member moves horizontally in one direction. Through this movement, the cartridge 14B3 is moved to a predetermined position. During its process, an intermediate part 14150Cc makes contact with the upper surface 14,191th. At this time, as described in the mode 6, the 14150Ca driven part is directed towards the drive shaft 180 (the angular position pre-engagement) (the state of Figure 74 (a)). Then, similarly to the above description, the coupling 14150C engages the drive shaft 180 (the rotational angular position of power transmission) (the state of Figure 74 (c)). Then, when the image formation with the 14B3 cartridge is completed, the cartridge 1483 moves in the direction X20. The coupling 14150C is disengaged from the drive shaft 180 (disengaging angular position) (the state of Figure 74 (d)). Details are the same supradescritos, thus being omitted. [00490] In the manner described above, the disclosures in all couplings are completed and the supporting member 14190 is returned to the initial position (the state 25 of Figure 74 (b)). An operation during a process of this will be described. The coupling of each cartridge must pass through the shaft 180. For this reason, the coupling is such as during the development, moved from the angular position pre-engagement angular position to the disengaging angular position by the force transmitting Rotational. For this purpose, it is necessary to employ a constitution to tilt the axial line L2.

As shown in Figure 74 (d) a regulation rib 14192 similar to that described in the mode 6 is disposed along the upper side of the line L20 through which the coupling 14150C passes. The rib 14192 is disposed upstream of the drive shaft 180 with respect to the direction of movement X21. Additionally, the distance between the regulation rib 14192 and the line L20 is set similarly to the case of the regulation rib 14192. That is, the regulation rib 14191 and the regulation rib 14192 are set in a point symmetry relationship with respect to center of the drive shaft 180. Incidentally, as shown in Figure 74 (e), the coupling 14150C adjustment direction is not changed. For this reason, the 14150C coupling also moves in the initial stage (direction X21) of the angular position pre-engagement for disengaging angular position by angular position transmitting rotational force by the same operation during the image formation (developing ) (while moving in the direction X20). During this operation, the coupling 141 500 passing through the drive shaft 180 and then returns to the initial position. In this embodiment, the cartridge is detachably supported with respect to the image forming apparatus. During replacement of the cartridge as shown in Figure 74 (a), the supporting member 14190 moves rotationally in the direction X30. By this rotational movement, the user moves each of 14B1 to 14B4 cartridges to exchange position. [00491] Incidentally, in this embodiment, the direction of movement of the developing cartridge is obliquely upward but may also be an opposite direction and the developing cartridge may be arranged to be movable in other directions. [00492] In the above description, the image forming (developing) is performed when the cartridge moves in one direction, but it is not performed when the cartridge moves in other directions. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the cartridge moves in other directions, the image formation can be performed. EMBODIMENT 13 [00493] The mode 13 will be described with reference to Figure 75. [00494] In the above description, described the cartridge is detachably mounted in the main assembly of the apparatus A. In this embodiment, an image forming apparatus in which such developing device as the developing apparatus is fixed on a main assembly of the image forming apparatus is performed by the developer supply in real time. That is, the developing device in this embodiment is mounted on the apparatus main assembly A by the user but is not dismantled. The developing device in this embodiment is a fixed type in which the developing device is fixed in the apparatus main assembly A and is used in a fixed state. Maintenance is performed by a service charge. [00495] Figure 75 is a sectional view of the apparatus main assembly. [00496] As shown in Figure 75, rotating device C2 includes four color developing devices 15A, 15B, 15C and 15D mounted therein. The C2 rotary device further includes bottles of developer 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D each to supply a telling revelation to an associated device. These bottles 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D are mounted desanexável form the main unit of the set A in a direction perpendicular to the drawing. When revealing the empty bottle, the bottle is replaced by the user. [00497] For the rotation of the rotating device C, each of 15A disclosure of devices, 15B, 15C and 15D moves successively to a portion (developing position) opposite to the drum photoresist 107 and on the opposite side, a latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 107 is revealed. Depending on the movement of each of the developing devices to the opposing portion, the coupling member (not shown) provided in the developing device engages the drive shaft provided in the main assembly of the apparatus (not shown). Then, when the image formation is completed, the cartridge (not shown) is undocked from the drive shaft. This operation is similar to Mode 1 and the like, so that its description is omitted. [00498] In the manner described above, even if the drive for change of the developing device fixed in the apparatus main assembly, the operation can be performed similarly to the cases of the above described modalities. EMBODIMENT 14 [00499] With reference to Figure 76 to Figure 77 and Figure 78, the embodiment will be described 14. [00500] These embodiments differ from the mode 11 to the coupling configuration and in provision of the elastic material to maintain the engagement at the position pre-engagement angular. [00501] Figure 76 (a) is a perspective view illustrating a part of cartridge B. Figure 76 (b) and Figure 76 (a) are sectional views taken along a line that extends in the direction Gradient geometric engagement axis through the center of the drive input gear (the member which mounts the driving input gear is also illustrated). Figure 77 (a) is a side view of the coupling alone. Figure 77 (b) is a perspective view of the coupling alone. Figure 78 (a) is a sectional view illustrating the state where the coupling (cartridge) is positioned at the angular position pre-engagement. Figure 78 (b) is a sectional view illustrating the state where the coupling (cartridge) is positioned at the angular position of rotational power transmission. Figure 78 (c) is a sectional view illustrating the state where the coupling (cartridge) is positioned at the disengaging angular position. Figures 78 (a), (b), and (c) illustrate the positional relations between the coupling 15150 and the drive shaft 180. [00502] As shown in Figure 76, the development gear 145 is disposed at the end of the roll disclosure 110. And the gear 145 is fixed to the shaft 155 of the developing roller 110. [00503] 15147 A drive input gear riding the coupling 15150 will be described. [00504] As shown in Figure 76, the gear 15147 has part of the gear for married engagement with the developing gear 145 15147th, and part of the gear 15147b for married engagement with the gear of the feed roller 146 (Figure 58). And the gear 15147 is rotatably mounted to the cartridge B by a supporting member 15170 and a supporting member 15157. The supporting member 15170 functions also as the supporting member to the developing roller 110. [00505] Thus, pursuant rotational received from the apparatus main assembly A the coupling 15150 is transmitted to the developing roller 110 through the pin 15155 (part of rotational force transmission) of rotational force transmission surface 12151 h (Figure 62 (a), (b) , the part receiving the rotational force), gear 147 and gear 145. [00506] The coupling 15150 is mounted to pivot on the gear 15147 by a retaining portion 15147m (movable among said three angular positions). Furthermore, the coupling 15150 is urged by a biasing spring (elastic material) 15159 in order to maintain the angular position pre-engagement. In this embodiment, the spring 15159 is a torsion coil spring. A support portion 15159th spring 15159 is locked by a mounting portion (not shown) provided on the cartridge B. And a part of the arm 15159b thereof elastically urges an intermediate part 15150c of the coupling. Thus, the axis L2 of the coupling 15150 is retained in the angular position pre-engagement (Figure 78 (a)). In this mode, a spring force (tensile strength) Spring 15159 is 5g - 100g. If it is below 5g, the coupling may not incline correctly due to the frictional force and so on. If it is greater than I00 g, spring contact portion can escape at the time of coupling rotation. However, the spring force other than this range can be employed depending on conditions such as the wire diameter and spring material and configuration and material engagement. Moreover, it is not limited to the spiral torsion spring. [00507] More particularly, the spring 15159 (elastic material) elastically urges the coupling 15150. Its tensile strength is such that it can maintain the coupling 15150 at the angular position pre-engagement also allowing movement of the engagement position Angular pre-engagement for the angular position to the rotational force transmitting (Figure 78 (b)), and allows the coupling of the movement 15150 angular position to the rotational force transmission to the disengaging angular position (Figure 78 (c)) . [00508] This also applies to the spring (elastic material) 4159 described by the embodiment 3 and so on. [00509] In addition, the cartridge B has the part of regulating the inclination to adjust the steering linkage slope. Since this structure is the same as the Type 11, its description is omitted for simplicity. [00510] As shown in Figure 77, the couplings 15150 differ from the coupling 12150 described in the actuated mode setting portion 15150a. [00511] More particularly, an opening 15150m of the driven portion 15150a is provided with the recess 15150z and the flat part 15150y. Withdrawal 15150z is placed in contact with the part of the free end 180b of the drive shaft 180 (Figure 78 (b)). As shown in Figure 78, when the coupling 15150 reaches the angular position to the rotational force transmitting (Figure 78 (b)) by the angular position pre-engagement (Figure 78 (a)), the rotational force from the drive shaft 180 It will be transmitted to the coupling 15150 by pin 182. In this embodiment, no recess 15150z, but the side of the drive shaft 180 is the flat part 15150y. Thus, the peripheral part 182d (Figure 78 (a), (b), (c)) and the flat part 15150y of the coupling pin 182 can be placed close to each other (Figure 78 (b)). [00512] Thus, the lengths of the cartridge B and apparatus main assembly in the direction of the axis L1, L3 can be reduced. Therefore, the cartridge B and apparatus main assembly can be reduced in size. [00513] Here, the inner diameter Z1 = phi of the flat portion 15150y the coupling used by this implementation is about 5mm. Furthermore, its outer diameter Z2 = phi is approximately 11 mm. Moreover, the depth Z3 = of the flat portion is about 0.6mm. Moreover, the depth of the recess 15150z conical shape is approximately 1.5mm in the top part of conical shape and its diameter is about 5 mm. Moreover, the weight of the coupling 15150 is about 1.5g. In this mode, the coupling material is polyacetal. However, the size and weight values ​​are not inevitable, and skilled in the art can select them appropriately. [00514] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the projection 15150d (15150dl, d2) of the coupling is arranged in each of two places. Thus, the width measured along the circumference of the entrance portion 150k (150k1, k2) can be increased. Therefore, the input pin 182 in the entrance portion 150k can be smoothed. Although the number of the projections can be properly selected, a plurality of projections is desirable. This occurs due to the rotational force can be transmitted with high accuracy. [00515] Once the coupling configurations without these coupling, coupling and driving the trip device by rotating the rotating operation are the same as in mode 10, its description is omitted for simplicity. [00516] Moreover, the structure for biasing the geometric engagement axis angular position to the pre-engagement may employ any of embodiments 2-5. [00517] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the coupling 15150 is provided at a remote position from the axis L1 in the direction perpendicular to the axis L1 (Figure 76 (b)). [00518] In this mode, the coupling is arranged in such a position. For this reason, the latitude in device design and the main assembly of the cartridge can be improved. When the coupling is disposed coaxially with the axis L1, the position of the coupling will approach the photosensitive drum. For this reason, it is a constraint to the disposition of the coupling, but in the present embodiment, the photosensitive drum is negligible restriction. [00519] As described hereinbefore, in this embodiment, the coupling 15150 has a circular flat portion 15150y on the side of the free end. 15150z a recess is provided in the center of the flat part 15150y (loop). Withdrawal 15150z has a conical shape which expands towards its side of the free end. Furthermore, projections (parts receiving the rotational force) 15150d are arranged at the edge of the circular flat portion 15150y in diametrically opposite positions that interpose the center O (two positions). These projections protrude toward the rotation axis L2 of the coupling. Moreover, the pins (rotational parts of the application force) 182 protrude in the directions perpendicular to the axis L3 (C) to provide the projections at two opposite locations to one another, respectively. Any one of the receiving surfaces of the rotational force (parts receiving the rotational force) 15150e fits one of the pin projections 182. And the other of the surfaces receiving the rotational force 15150e engages the other of the pin projections 182. Thus, the coupling 15150 receives the rotational force from the drive shaft 180 and rotates. [00520] Here according to the above described embodiments, the cartridge movement structure B (developing roller 110) in the direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of L3 axis of the drive shaft 180 in response to movement in one direction the rotating device C (supporting member 14190), the coupling 150 (1350, 3150, 4150, 5150, 7150, 8150, 9150, 10150, 12150, 13150, 15150 and so on) can accomplish the coupling operation, engagement and disengagement relative to drive shaft 180. This is accomplished by virtue of this coupling can take the next positions as described above: 1. The rotational angular position of power transmission for transmitting rotational force from the apparatus main assembly A to the developing roller 110; 2. This angular position pre-engagement angular position inclined from this rotational force transmitting before this coupling fitting part application of rotational force; and 3. The disengaging angular position inclined in the direction opposite the angular position angular position of the pre-latching transmit rotational force to the coupling to disengage from drive shaft. [00521] Here, the angular position of the rotational force transmission is the angular coupling position for transmitting the rotational force for rotating the developing roller 110 to the developing roller 110. [00522] Furthermore, the angular position pre- is the angular coupling position is the angular position inclined from the rotational force transmission and that is taken before the drum coupling member engaging the application of the rotational force. [00523] In addition, the disengaging angular position is the angular position which is inclined in the direction opposite the angular position pre-engagement angular position to the rotational force transmitting and allows the disengagement of the drive shaft coupling 180. [00524] Here will be described the meaning of "substantially perpendicular". Here, the description will be made about "substantially perpendicular". Between b and the cartridge main assembly of the apparatus A, and to assemble and disassemble the cartridge B smoothly, small gaps are provided. More specifically, small gaps are provided between 140R1 guide and 130R1 guide with respect to the longitudinal direction, between 140R2 guide and 130R2 guide with respect to the longitudinal direction, between 140L1 guide and 130L1 guide with respect to the longitudinal direction between the guide 140L2 and 130OL2 guide with respect to the longitudinal direction. Therefore, at the time of mounting and demounting the cartridge B relative to the main assembly of the apparatus A, the whole cartridge B can slightly incline within the limits of the gaps. For this reason the squareness has no strict sense. However, even in such a case, the present invention is accomplished with the effects. Therefore, the term "substantially perpendicular" covers the case where the cartridge slightly inclines. [00525] Among the bea part of the cartridge 130A cartridge accommodation, are provided small gaps in order to assemble and disassemble the cartridge B smoothly. More specifically the small gaps are provided between the guide 140R1 or 140R2 and 130R1 guide with respect to the longitudinal direction, between 140L1 and 140L2 and 130L1 guide tab with respect to the longitudinal direction. Therefore, at the time of mounting and demounting of the cartridge b relative to the accommodation part 130a, the whole cartridge B can slightly incline within the limits of the gaps. Moreover, a slight positional deviation can occur between the rotary device member C (movable member) and the drive shaft (180). For this reason, the perpendicularity is not restricted meaning. However, even in such a case, the present invention is accomplished with the effects thereof. Therefore, the term "substantially perpendicular" covers the case where the cartridge slightly inclines. [00526] It has been described that the axis L2 is oblique or inclinable in any direction relative to the axis L1. However, the axis L2 does not necessarily need to be linearly obliquely with a predetermined angle over the entire range in the direction of 360 degrees in the coupling 150. For example, the opening 150g can be selected to be slightly larger in the circumferential direction. In so doing, when the axis L2 inclines in relation to the axis LI, even the case where it can not tilt in the predetermined linearly angle, the coupling 150 can rotate at a slight angle around axis L2. Therefore, it can be tilted at predetermined angle. In other words, the amount of play in the rotational direction of the opening 150g is selected properly if necessary. [00527] In this manner, the coupling 150 is swingable revolvível or substantially the entire circumference in relation to the axis L1 of the developing roller 110. More particularly, the coupling 150 is pivotable substantially throughout its circumference in relation to the drum axis 153. [00528] Furthermore, as will be understood by displayed explanation, the coupling 150 can rotate substantially the entire circumferential direction of the drum shaft 153. Here, the turning motion is not a motion with which the coupling itself rotates around the axis L2, but the inclined axis L2 rotates around the axis LI of the developing roller, although the swivel here does not prevent rotation of the coupling per se around the axis L2 of the coupling 150. [00529] In more, as described hereinbefore, each coupling has the function of transmitting the rotational force to the developing roller 110. [00530] And each coupling has the receiving surface of the rotational force (receipt of the rotational force) 150e (8150e , 9150e, 9250e, 9350e, 9450e, 15150e) to receive the rotational force from the drive shaft 180 (1180, 1280, 9180) by engaging the pin (application of the rotational force) 182 (1182, 9182). Moreover, it has the rotational force transmission surface (of rotational force transmission) 150h (1550h, 1450h, 8150h, 9150h, 12150h, 12151 h, and so on) which transmits the rotational force received through part receiving the rotational force 150e to the developing roller 110. The rotational force received by the rotational force transmitting surface 150h is transmitted to the developing roller 110 through the pin (rotational receiving part of the force) 155 (1155, 1355, 12155) . [00531] And this coupling moves from this angular position pre-engagement for this angular position to the rotational force transmitting in response to the cartridge B moving when the rotary device C (supporting member 141190) (movable member) rotating in one direction (movement). Thus, this coupling is opposed to this drive shaft. When the C rotating device rotates further in said direction of the position where the coupling opposes to the drive shaft (movement), the coupling moves from the angular position of rotational force transmission to the disengaging angular position in response to the cartridge movement B. Thus, the coupling disengages from the drive shaft. [00532] The coupling has the recess 150z (1450z, 1550z, 4150z, 5150z, 15150z, 15150z, and so on) on the rotation axis L2. And the cartridge B moves in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis L1 of the developing roller 110 by the rotation of the rotating device C in said direction. In response to this, each coupling moves from the angular position pre-engagement angular position to the rotational force transmission, so that a part of coupling (downstream free end position 150A1, 1850A1, 4150A1, 5150A1,5150A1 , 12150A1 and so on) which is the downstream with respect to the rotational direction of the rotary device C allows surround the drive shaft. Thus, the recess covers the free end of the drive shaft. And the receiving part of the rotational force fits in the rotational direction of the coupling, on the application of rotational force that is projected in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft on the side of the free end of the drive shaft. Thus, the coupling receives the rotational force from the drive shaft and rotates. And the rotary device C further moves in said direction. Thus, the cartridge B moves in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis L1. In response to this, the coupling moves to the rotational direction of the angular position of rotational force transmission to the disengaging angular position so that an upstream part of the drive shaft of the coupling member (free end position upstream 150A2, 1750A2, 4150A2, 5150A2, 12150A2 and so on) can go around the drive shaft. Thus, the coupling disengages from the drive shaft. [00533] The receiving portions of the rotational force (150e, 15150e, and so forth) are arranged respectively on an imaginary circle Cl which has a center O on the axis L1 of rotation each coupling in diametrically opposite positions that interpose the center O. The forces received by the couplings by this disposition are force couples. For this reason, the couplings can continue rotary motion only with the force couple. In view of this, each coupling can rotate without determining the position of the axis of rotation. [00534] The reference numbers in the drawing that do not appear in the specification corresponding members to the case where the lyrics are the same.

OTHER METHODS [00535] In this mode, although the rotating member rotate clockwise in the drawing (Figure 17, for example), it can rotate in the opposite direction. [00536] Moreover, the image forming position (developing position) may be another position. [00537] Moreover, the rotating member of the present embodiment carries the four color developing cartridges. However, the developing cartridge for black can be fixed and cartridges for the other three colors can be loaded on the rotary member. [00538] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the developing roller is a developing roller contact type and uses an elastic roller, but may be a metal jacket which contains a magnetic roller employed by the jumping development. [00539] The developer cartridge and the developing device are provided with the developing roller (or developing device including the developing roller) at least. For this reason, for example, the developing cartridge (developing device) is the developing roller. [00540] Or it may be a cartridge which integrally includes a developing device including the developing roller and the cleaning device which is mounted detachably in the apparatus main assembly, and besides type in the above described embodiments additionally it can be a cartridge which includes integrally the developing roller (or developing device including the developing roller) and the charging device and which is detachably mounted in the apparatus main assembly. [00541] Additionally, furthermore, in this embodiment, although a laser printer is considered an imaging device, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the present invention can be used in other image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copier, a facsimile device, or a word processor. According to the above described embodiments, the coupler and the coupling release is possible in substantially perpendicular direction to the axis of the drive shaft provided in the main assembly of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus relative to the drive shaft by the movement in one direction member mobile (rotary member, for example, the cartridge supporting member, cash drawer store). [00542] As described hereinbefore, the geometric axis of the coupling may assume different angular positions in the present invention. More particularly, the geometric coupling shaft angular position may take the pre-engagement, the angular position of the rotational force transmitting angular position and a disengaging. The coupling can be fitted to the drive shaft in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis, providing the main drive shaft assembly by frame. Furthermore, the coupling may be disengaged from the drive shaft in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft. The present invention can be applied to a developing device, a drum coupling member, and an electrophotographic image forming device. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY [00543] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing apparatus capable of fitting a coupling member provided in the developing device (developing cartridge) in a drive shaft by moving the developing apparatus ( developing cartridge) in a substantially perpendicular direction to an axial direction of the drive shaft, even in the case where a main assembly is not provided with a mechanism for moving a coupling member on the main assembly side in the axial direction by means of a solenoid . According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the developing apparatus and the coupling member used in the developing apparatus. [00544] While the invention has been described with reference to the structures disclosed herein, it is not limited to the details shown, and this application is intended to cover such modifications or changes as may come within the purpose of the improvements or the scope of the following claims.