Fast cell search

(54) Title: FAST CELL SEARCH (57) Summary:

(30) Unionist Priority: 10/01/2007 us 60 / 884,402 (73) Holder (s): Qualcomm Incorporated (72) Inventor (s): Byoung-Hoon Kim, Durga Prasad Malladi, Tao

Luo (74) Attorney (s): Montaury Pimenta, Machado & Lioce (86) International Request: pct US2008050792 of 10/01/2008 (87) International Publication: wo 2008 / 08649ide 17/07/2008

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QUICK SEARCH BY CELL.

Cross-Reference to Correlated Orders

This patent application claims the priority of US Provisional Patent Application N² Series 60/884 402, entitled A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAST

CELL SEARCH, filed on January 10, 2007. the entire order mentioned above (including the appendices) is hereby incorporated by this reference.

Basement

I. Field

<td>The present invention is</td><td>read one</td><td>mode</td><td>general</td>

<td>related to wireless communications</td><td>/ without</td><td>thread</td><td>and more</td>

<td>particularly looking for or searching</td><td colspan="2">of cells</td><td>on a</td>

<td>wireless communication system.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>II. Basement</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>0 communication systems</td><td>without</td><td>thread</td><td>They are</td>

widely implemented to provide various communication services. As an example, voice and / or data can be provided through such wireless communication systems. A typical wireless communication system or network can provide multiple users with access to one or more shared resources (for example, bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). As an example, a system can use a variety of multiple access techniques, such as frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), 3GPP LTE systems, multiplexing by orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) and others.

In general, multiple access wireless communication systems can simultaneously support communication to multiple mobile devices. Each mobile device can communicate with one or more base stations through transmissions via

2/44 issue and reverse. The send link (or downlink) refers to the communication link from the base stations to the mobile devices, while the reverse link (or uplink) refers to the communication link from the mobile devices to the base stations. Such communication link can be established through single input and single output (SISO) systems, multiple input and single output systems (MISO), multiple input and multiple output systems (MIMO).

As an example, a MIMO system can employ multiple (N_T) transmission antennas and multiple (nr) receiving antennas for data transmission. A MIMO channel formed by the NT transmission antennas and N_R can be decomposed into N_s independent channels, which are also designated as space channels, where N_s &lt;MIN {NT, N_r}. Each of the N_s independent channels can correspond to one dimension. The MIMO system can provide better performance (for example, greater transmission / throughput capacity and / or greater reliability) if the additional dimensions created by the multiple transmit and receive antennas are used.

A MIMO system can support time division duplexing (TDD) and frequency division duplexing (FDD) systems. In a TDD system, the transmissions of the forward and reverse links can be in the same frequency region, so that the principle of reciprocity allows the estimation of the emission link channel from the reverse link channel. This can allow the access point to extract the transmission beam conformation gain on the emission link when multiple antennas are available at the access point.

Wireless communication systems often employ one or more base stations that provide a coverage area. A typical base station can transmit

3/44 multiple data streams for broadcast, multicast and / or unicast services, where a data stream can be a data stream of independent reception interest for a mobile device. A mobile device within the coverage area of ​​such a base station can be employed to receive one, more than one, or all data streams carried by the composite stream. Similarly, a mobile device can transmit data to the base station or another mobile device.

A base station can also be designated as a cell. When searching or searching for a cell among a plurality of cells in a communication system (for example, an OFDM system), a mobile device may wish to detect information, such as primary synchronization channels (PSCs) and secondary synchronization channels ( SSCs), generated by the respective cells to facilitate location and synchronization with a cell to facilitate communication between the cell and the mobile device. The ability to quickly search and locate a desired cell within a communication system is desirable.

resume

The following presents a simplified summary of one or more modalities, in order to provide a basic understanding of such modalities. This summary does not constitute a complete overview of all the modalities contemplated, and is not intended to identify key or critical elements of all modalities, nor to outline the scope of any or all modalities. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more modalities, in a simplified way, as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be presented later.

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According to one or more modalities and their corresponding description, several aspects will be described in connection with facilitating the search for a cell (for example, a base station) in a communication system. More particularly, exemplary systems and methods are described that facilitate searches for a cell in a wireless communication environment. As an example, a mobile device can employ a researcher who can detect timing information associated with PSCs and cells respectively to determine the cell with the highest correlation. The researcher can detect SSCs, which may include detecting associated phase information, to determine the SSC with the highest correlation, the length of CP and / or other information to facilitate the identification of a desired cell having the strongest signal, for establish communication between the mobile device and the desired cell. The PSCs respectively associated with cells can have different positions in the symbol strings and the SSCs can be shifted in phase with different angles, respectively, to facilitate the detection and identification of cells, where a PSC can be used as a phase reference by the associated SSC .

According to one modality, a method that facilitates a multi-stage cell search comprises: detecting timing information related to primary synchronization channels (PSCs); and identifying a cell based in part on phase information associated with an SSC.

Another modality provides a means for reading by computer, having instructions for execution by computer stored therein to perform the following actions: detecting timing information related to primary synchronization channels (PSCs); and identifying a cell based in part on phase information associated with a secondary synchronization channel (SSC).

5/44 equipment primary timing synchronization information

Another modality provides equipment that can be operated in a wireless communication system, comprising: devices to detect related to 'PSCs' channels); and devices for identifying a cell based in part on phase information associated with an SSC.

Another modality provides equipment that can be operated in a wireless communication system that comprises a processor configured to: detect timing information related to primary synchronization channels (PSCs); and identifying a cell based in part on phase information associated with a secondary synchronization channel (SSC); and a memory attached to the processor to store data.

In order to achieve the goals and above and related ones, the one or more modalities comprise the characteristics that are described in the following and particularly pointed out in the claims. The description that follows and the accompanying drawings present in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more modalities. However, such aspects are indicative of only some of the various ways in which the principles of various modalities can be employed, the modalities described are intended to include all of these aspects and their equivalents.

Brief Description of Drawings

Figure 1 is an illustration of a wireless communication system according to the various modalities described here.

Figures 2a to 2f are illustrations of examples of radio frames that can be associated with base stations within wireless.

an environment of respective communication

6/44

Figures 3a to 3f are illustrations of other examples of radio frames that can be associated with the respective wireless communication.

Figures base stations within an environment of

4a to radio frames that can be associated with base stations within a wireless environment.

4f examples of other respective respective communications

Figure 5 is a representation of an exemplary system that can facilitate cell searches within a wireless communication environment.

Figure 6 is an illustration of an exemplary system that can generate information to facilitate cell searches within a wireless communication environment.

Figure 7 is an illustration of an exemplary method that can facilitate cell searches within a wireless communication environment.

Figure 8 is an illustration of another exemplary method that can facilitate cell searches within a wireless communication environment.

Figure 9 is a representation of an exemplary mobile device that can facilitate the performance of searches by base stations in a wireless communication environment.

Figure 10 is an illustration of an exemplary system that can generate information to facilitate searches for base stations associated with a wireless communication environment.

Figure 11 is an illustration of an exemplary wireless communication environment that can be used in conjunction with the various systems and methods described here.

Figure 12 is an illustration of an exemplary system that can facilitate searching for base stations in a wireless communication environment.

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Figure 13 is an illustration of another exemplary system that can facilitate searching for base stations in a wireless communication environment.

Figure 14 is an illustration of another exemplary system that can facilitate searching for base stations in a wireless communication environment.

Detailed Description

Various modalities will now be described with reference to the drawings, by which all similar numerical references are used to refer to similar elements. In the following description, for the purpose of explanation, several specific details are presented in order to provide a complete understanding of one or more modalities. However, it will be clear that such modalities can be practiced without such specific details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices are presented in the form of block diagrams in order to facilitate the description of one or more modalities.

As used in this application, the terms component, module, system and the like are intended to refer to an entity related to computers, whether hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or running software. As an example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a chain of execution, a program and / or a computer. As an example, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and / or chain of execution, and a component can be located in one and / or distributed between two or more. In addition, such components can be from various means for reading computer computers. executed by

8/44 computer, having several data structures stored there. Components can communicate via local and / or remote processes, for example according to a signal having one or more data packets (for example, data from one component interacting with another component on a local system, a distributed system , and / or over a network, such as the Internet, with other systems, through the signal).

In addition, various modalities are described here in connection with a subscriber station or mobile device. A mobile device or subscriber station can also be referred to as a system, a subscriber unit, a mobile station, mobile phone, remote station, access point, base station, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent , user equipment, etc. A mobile device or subscriber station can be a cell phone, a cordless phone, a session logon protocol phone, a local loop wireless system station, a personal data assistant (PDA), a handheld device having capacity wireless connection, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem. In addition, several modalities are described here in connection with a base station. A base station can be used to communicate with mobile devices and can also be designated as an access point, Node B, or some other terminology.

In addition, various aspects, characteristics or features described herein can be implemented in the form of a method, equipment, or article of manufacture, using standard programming and / or design techniques. The term article of manufacture, as used herein, is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any device, carrier or medium for reading by computer. As an example, the means for reading (SIP) (WLL)

9/44 per computer may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (for example, a hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic tapes, etc.), optical discs (for example, a compact disk (CD), a disk digital versatile (DVD), etc.), smart cards, flash memory devices (eg card, comb, pen drive, etc.). In addition, various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable means for storing information. The term means for reading by machine may include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other means capable of storing, containing and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a wireless communication system 100 according to the various modalities described here. System 100 comprises a plurality of base stations 102 (only one base station 102 is shown in Figure 1 for clarity and brevity) that can each include multiple groups of antennas. As an example, one group of antennas may include antennas 104 and 106, another group may comprise antennas 108 and 110 and an additional group may include antennas 112 and 114. For each group of antennas two antennas are illustrated. However, more or less antennas can be used for each group. Base station 102 may additionally include a transmission chain and a reception chain, each of which may in turn comprise a plurality of components associated with the transmission and reception of signals (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators) , demultiplexers, antennas, etc.) as the technicians in the area will know.

Each base station 102 can communicate with one or more mobile devices, such as mobile device 116 and mobile device 122. However, it should be made clear that

10/44 a base station 102 can communicate substantially with any number of mobile devices similar to mobile devices 116 and 122. Mobile devices 116 and 122 can be, for example, cell phones, smart phones / smart phones, laptops, portable communication devices, portable computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs and / or any other suitable device for communication via wireless communication system 100. as shown, mobile device 116 is in communication with antennas 112 and 114, where antennas 112 and 114 transmit information to mobile device 116 over a broadcast link 118 and receive information from mobile device 116 over a link reverse 120. In addition, mobile device 122 is in communication with antennas 104 and 106, where antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to mobile device 122 over a broadcast link 124 and receive information from mobile device 122 over a link reverse 126. in a frequency division duplexing (FDD) system, the broadcast link 118 can use a different frequency band than that used by the reverse link 120 and the broadcast link 124 can employ a different frequency band than that used by the reverse link 126 , for example. In addition, in a time division duplexing (TDD) system, broadcast link 118 and reverse link 120 can use a common frequency band and broadcast link 124 and reverse link 126 can use a frequency band common.

Each group of antennas and / or the area in which they are designed to communicate can be designated as a sector of the base station 102. As an example, the groups of antennas may be designed to communicate with the err mobile devices. a sector of the areas covered by base station 102. In communication through

11/44 emission 118 and 124, transmission antennas of base station 102 can use beam shaping to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of emission links 118 and 124 for mobile devices 116 and 122. In addition, when base station 102 uses beam shaping to transmit to mobile devices 116 and 122 spread over an associated coverage area, mobile devices in neighboring cells can be subjected and less interference, compared to a base station that transmits through a single antenna to all your mobile devices.

According to one embodiment, a mobile device 116 can search for a desired base station 102 in the wireless communication environment employing orthogonal division multiplexing (OFDM) to facilitate access to the system), in order to locate, identify and / or establish communications with the desired base station 102, so that mobile device 116 can communicate (e.g., transmit data, receive data) in the wireless communication environment. As an example, a desired base station 102 may be a base station that provides the best (for example, the strongest) signal for communication. To communicate with a base station 102, mobile device 116 synchronizes (for example, frequency with base station 102. To facilitate search with mobile device respective channels respective channels coming from a desired base station 116, receive and / or detect primary synchronization (PSCs) and secondary synchronization (SSCs) respective base stations 102. Mobile device 116 it can detect, analyze and / or evaluate PSCs and SSCs to facilitate the identification and / or selection of a desired base station 102 in order to establish communications with such base station 102. The PSC from base stations can be a known signal with respect to

12/44 to mobile device 116, with a common PSC, or a relatively small number of PSCs, for base stations 102 on a network. The PSC may also provide the mobile device 116 with timing information that can be used to facilitate synchronization of the mobile device 116 with a base station 102. SSCs can be unique to the respective base stations 102 and can facilitate the identification of a specific base station 102 (for example, SSCs can include base station identification information, antenna information associated with a base station, etc.), there may be a plurality of different SSCs. As an example, an SSC can be associated with a respective hypothesis, and there may be a plurality of different hypotheses. The mobile device 116 can detect and identify which SSC sequence was transmitted from a specific cell (for example, the base station 102) and, thus, the hypotheses can be known for identifying the cell.

Conventionally, such a cell, as well as in certain communication systems, such as OFDM systems, if each base station is transmitting the same PSC signal, a mobile device may not be able to differentiate between base stations to determine how many base stations and / or which base stations are transmitting the respective signals, this may inhibit and / or prevent a mobile device from identifying a desired base station when attempting to search for and identify a base station to establish communications.

According to various aspects and modalities, the present invention can facilitate the displacement of the PSC location to different base stations 102 so that the transmission timing of the PSC can be different for different base stations 102. As a result, the mobile device 116 differentiate the different base stations 102 on the network in order to

13/44 quickly and efficiently and identify a desired base station 102 (for example, the base station with the strongest signal).

In one embodiment, the mobile device 116 can search for a base station 102 in which the cyclic prefix (CP) can be detected blindly. In such a case, the distance (for example, the temporal or relative timing distance) between two consecutive PSCs can be the same for a long CP and a short CP, and can be fixed. As an example, the distance Dl can be 5 ms. According to one embodiment, the respective SSCs generated by the base stations 102 can use Chu sequences with different bases or different cyclic displacements (for example, different sequences). To facilitate searches, an additional phase shift of and^jke to SSCs, where k = 0, 1, 2, ..., Ml, and θ = 2π / Μ, where M is related to the number of different phases that can be employed, in which, for example, a displacement of different phase can be applied to SSCs at each different base station 102 on the network. No phase is applied to the PSC when the PSC is transmitted. When an SSC is transmitted, there is a phase (for example, phase rotation) SSC, in which the phase angle for the offset applied to the phase shift may be based in part on the PSC sequence.

mobile device 116 can detect the respective phase shift of an SSC with respect to its associated PSC and such phase shift can represent information that can be used by mobile device 116 to facilitate the identification of a specific base station 102.

According to another modality, sscl and ssc2 can have different combinations of phase shift, such as and^jkü and is^jm6, for example, where k = 0, 1, 2,

14/44

..., Ml, at - 0, 1, 2, ..., Ml, ο which can result in Μ.M potential combinations. According to yet another modality, sscl and ssc2 can have the same phase shift and^J . In such a case, there may be a better probability of phase detection. In addition, there can be at least three potential combinations, for example, which can represent antenna information (for example, 1, 2, or 4 antennas) associated with a base station 102, and the phase information detected by the mobile device 116 can facilitate the determination of the number of antennas associated with such base station 102, since there may be an exclusive mapping between the number of phases (for example, phase shift switching - PSK) and the number of antennas used by base station 102. Therefore, at least three groups) eg α, β, γ) can be represented by using a combination of SSC order in one radio board and the phase modulation over the SSCs.

The phase shift information associated with an SSC can also be used by a mobile device 116 to facilitate determining the location (e.g., position) of the associated PSC in the sequence of symbols. As an example, the mobile device 116 can perform timing detection based, in part, on the detected PSC, which can be a correlation between the peak and the PSC sequence, and the mobile device 116 can use the SSC-related phase information associated with the PSC to facilitate the determination of the base station that transmitted such a peak. By identifying the phase of the associated SSC, the mobile device 116 can determine which base station 102 is transmitting the PSC.

In one embodiment, the length of the PLC can be detected blindly after detecting the timing of symbols.

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In one embodiment, the number of additional hypotheses carried by the SSC and the reference signal can be flexible. As an example, 64 hypotheses from two SSCs and 8 hypotheses from the reference signal can provide a total of 512 hypotheses. As another example, 512 hypotheses from SSCs and the reference signal used for validation can result in a total of 512 hypotheses. It should be clear that the reference signal can be positioned on symbols 0 and 5 for cases of long CP and short CP. It should also be noted that it is not necessary for the reference signal to be transmitted within the frequency band in which the PSC and SSC are transmitted, since the PSC and SSC can be used as a reference signal.

Referring now to Figures 2a to 2f, an example of radio frames 200, 202,

204, 206, 208, 210, respectively, which can be representative of radio frames respectively associated with different base stations 102 in a network. As an example, referring to the radio frame 200, there may be a preamble (P) which may be a sub-frame of the radio frame. PSCs and SSCs are typically shipped midway through the preamble (P) amble, M). As shown in radio charts 200, 202 and

204, the distance between the PSCs can be fixed. As an example, the distance can be 5 ms. An SSC, such as sscl and ssc2, can be contiguous to each PSC, respectively, in the symbol sets. However, as shown in radio frames 200, 202 and 204, the position in the respective symbol strings may be different, in which, for example, the PSC may be in position 4 in the symbol sequence with respect to radio frame 200 , the PSC may be in position 3 with respect to radio frame 202, and the PSC may be in position 2 of the symbol sequence with respect to radio frame 204.

with

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A base station 102 can contain three sectors, for example, each sector can use one of such radio frames 200, 202, 204 (for example, it can use the timing of the respective radio frames 200, 202, 204). As an example, sector 0 can use radio frame 200, sector 1 can use radio frame 202 and sector 2 can use radio frame 204. Although the sectors are part of the same base station 102, when the respective sectors transmit their PSCs the respective PSCs do not overlap, as each PSC may occupy a different position in terms of time. Mobile station 116 can detect each of the three different PSCs.

Conventionally, PSCs would occupy the same position in the sequence and, as a result, a mobile station would effectively see only one PSC, and could not differentiate between different PSCs, as all PSCs would arrive at the mobile station at the same time.

Referring again to radio frames 200, 202 and 204, for each PSC there may be an associated SSC. To facilitate the detection of the phase reference of an SSC, the PSC can be used as a phase reference. Each SSC of radio frames 200, 202, 204 may have a different phase reference, as each PSC occupies different positions in the symbol sequence, so that the channel between base station 102 and mobile device 116 for each PSC can be different. Once a respective channel is applied to an SSC, unique channel information can be observed.

Conventionally, when PSCs occupy the same location in the sequence of symbols, channels can overlap and unique channel information cannot be observed. As a result, the identification of a desired base station can be inhibited and / or prevented.

Referring again to the radio frames

200, 202 and 204, for example different base stations 102

17/44 may be transmitting different PSC sequences with different phase shifts to the respective SSCs respectively associated with the PSCs. The mobile device 116 can detect the PSC with the strongest correlation (e.g., highest peak, strongest signal). Mobile station 116 can detect information related to SSCs, such as phase shift information, which is associated with the strongest signal, to facilitate the determination of base station 102 that transmitted the strongest signal. Mobile station 116 can evaluate the information associated with such SSCs to identify the base station 102 that transmitted the strongest signal and can establish communications with such base station 102.

Referring to Figures 2d to 2f and the corresponding radio frames 206, 208 and 210, such radio frames have a long CP. For each group a, β, γ, the respective PSCs can have a position in the sequence of symbols that can be exclusive to the group to which a respective PSC belongs to facilitate the differentiation between PSCs, similarly to that of radio frames 200, 202, 204, of the short CP. In addition, an exclusive phase shift of the respective SSCs can be employed for each group α, β, γ, to facilitate the identification of a base station 102 that has the PSC with the strongest correlation.

As the CP may be unknown to the mobile device 116, during detection the mobile device 116 may also perform blind CP detection to facilitate the determination of the CP. As an example, when the mobile device 116 detects a desired signal by detecting the PSC and has detected additional information, such as phase reference information related to the SSCs, the mobile device 116 can detect (for example, test the hypotheses) the forces of SSC signal

18/44 respectively associated with a long CP and a short CP that can each have the same phase shift (for example, the β group with long CP and the β group with short CP), for example. The mobile device 116 can compare the respective signal strengths (e.g., correlation values) of the respective SSCs to determine the specific group that has the highest correlation value, which may be the group (e.g., base station 102) having the strongest signal, which may be the desired base station 102, and, as a result, the CP can also be determined.

respective relative timing and respective phase shifts for SSCs of the respective radio frames 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, are provided in Table

1, where an example is provided in which the same phase shift can be used for both SSCs, where M = 3 (for example, phase shift switch 3, 3PSK):

Table 1

<td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Timing relative between</td><td rowspan="2">Displacement phase to SSC1</td><td rowspan="2">Displacement phase to SSC2</td>

<td>2 E</td><td>SCs</td>

<td>Group a: CP</td><td>DL</td><td>ms</td><td>is&gt; = 0</td><td>θ = 0</td>

<td>I enjoy</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Group β: CP I enjoy</td><td>DL</td><td>ms</td><td>T 0- ^ - 3</td><td> 3</td>

<td>Group γ: CP I enjoy</td><td>DL</td><td>ms</td><td>h I TT | Çfc,</td><td>4 „t 3</td>

<td>Group a: CP</td><td>DL</td><td>ms</td><td> 0 = 0</td><td># = o</td>

<td>long</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Group β: CP long</td><td>DL</td><td>ms</td><td> 3</td><td>0 r- 3</td>

<td>Group γ: CP long</td><td>DL</td><td>ms</td><td> 3</td><td>θ = - 3</td>

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As an example, the mobile device 116 can determine that the group β with short CP has the strongest correlation based in part on the detection of PSCs, and the position of PSCs in the symbol strings can facilitate the provision of a unique phase reference for an SSC with respect to an associated PSC when mobile station 116 detects the SSCs associated with the PSCs. The mobile device 116 can detect the phase shift of the respective SSCs, the sscl and ssc2, which, in this example, can each be θ = 2π / 3, and, since the mobile device 116 does not yet know the signal strong (for example, the highest peak) is associated with a short CP or a long CP, the mobile device 116 can perform blind CP detection and can test the respective hypotheses of both the β group having the short CP and the β group having Long CP, where the signal from the SSC to the group β having a short CP and the signal to the group β having a long CP can each be detected and compared with each other to facilitate the determination of which of the respective SSCs has a stronger signal (for example, example, higher correlation), since the SSC signal for the short CP may have a different value than the SSC signal for the long CP. As a result, the appropriate CP can be determined, which can facilitate the identification of the desired base station 102 (for example, the desired group in the example). Based in part on the detections and evaluations by the mobile device 116, the mobile device 116 can determine that the PSC with the strongest correlation is associated with the β group with a short CP. Mobile station 116 thereby identifies the desired base station 102 and can establish communications with such base station 102.

Referring again to Figure 1, in yet another modality, a hybrid method can be used

20/44 alternative to facilitate the search for a desired base station 102 in a wireless communication environment. The mobile device 116 can search for and identify a desired base station 102, where the distance (e.g., relative time distances) between two consecutive PSCs associated with a short CP may differ from the distance between two consecutive PSCs associated with a long CP, although the CP length for each group (for example, the long CP group of α, β, γ, the short CP of a, β, γ) may be the same distance (for example, the short CP group may have a D1 timing distance, the long CP group may have a relative timing distance of D1 + D2). The length of the CP can be detected by testing the two different distances between two consecutive PSCs. Such a hybrid method can be more efficient given that the summed power of two PSC symbols aligned temporally scattered by the PSC sequence can be compared with the summed power of two random OFDM symbols scattered by the PSC sequence. The relative distance of any two consecutive PSCs can be fixed. As an example, Dl can be the relative distance of the short CP and D2 can be the relative distance for the long CP, where, for example, Dl can be 5 ms and D2 can be 83 ps.

According to one modality, those generated by base stations 102 respectively use Chu sequences with different bases or different cyclical displacements. To facilitate searches, an additional phase shift of e ^⁶ can be applied to SSC, where k = 0, 1, 2, ..., M, and θ = 2π / Μ.

According to another modality, sscl and ssc2 can have different combinations of phase shift, such as e ^^k9 and is^jm0, for example, where k = 0, 1, 2, ...,

Ml, at = 0, 1, 2,. .., Ml, which can result in MM potential combinations. According

SSCs can with another

21/44 mode, sscl and ssc2 can have the same phase shift and ^^k6. In such a case, there may be a better probability of phase detection. In addition, there can be at least three potential combinations, for example, which can represent antenna information (for example, 1, 2, or 4 antennas) associated with a base station 102. Therefore, at least three groups (for example, a, β, γ) can be represented by the use of an order combination of SSCs in a radio frame and the phase modulation over the SSCs.

In one embodiment, the number of additional hypotheses carried by the SSC and the reference signal can be flexible. As an example, 64 hypotheses for two SSCs and 8 hypotheses for the reference signal can produce a total of 512 hypotheses. As another example, 512 hypotheses from SSCs and the reference signal used for validation can result in a total of 512 hypotheses. It should be clear that the reference signal can be positioned on symbols 0 and 5 for cases of long CP and short CP.

Referring to Figures 3a to 3f, there is illustrated an example of radio frames 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, respectively, which can be representative of radio frames respectively associated with different base stations 102 in a network. The respective relative timing and the respective phase shifts for the SSCs of the respective radio frames 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, are provided in Table 2, in which an example of using the same phase shift for both SSCs, where M = 3 (for example, 3-PSK) is used:

Table 2

<td></td><td>Timing relative between 2 PSCs</td><td>Displacement phase to SSC1</td><td>Displacement phase to SSC2</td>

<td>Group a: CP</td><td>Dl ms</td><td>Θ = 0</td><td> &amp; =</td>

22/44

<td>I enjoy</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Group β: CP I enjoy</td><td>Dl ms</td><td>Tj- 3</td><td> 3</td>

<td>Group γ: CP I enjoy</td><td>Dl ms</td><td>θ ^ - - 3</td><td> 3</td>

<td>Group a: CP long</td><td>D l ms - D2 «s</td><td>is? = í)</td><td> 0 = 0</td>

<td>Group β: CP long</td><td>Dl ms - D2 μΛ</td><td>γ 3</td><td>1 il ___1</td>

<td>Group γ: CP long</td><td>Dl ms- D2</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td>

With reference to Figures 3a to 3c and the corresponding radio frames 300, 302 and 304, such radio frames have a short CP. With reference to the 3D Figures at 3f and the corresponding radio frames 306, 308 and 310, such radio frames have a long CP. As shown in Table 2, the radio frames associated with the short CP may have the same relative distance to each other and the radio frames associated with the long CP may have the same relative distance to each other, but such a relative distance may be different (for example , greater) than the relative distance of radio frames having a short CP. The respective distance information of the short CP and the long CP can be used to facilitate the determination of the CP during detection (for example, timing detection). For each group α, β, γ, of the respective CP, the respective PSCs can have a location in the sequence of symbols that can be exclusive to the group to which a respective PSC belongs to facilitate the differentiation between PSCs, similarly to that of the tables radio 200, 202, 204, of the short CP and radio frames 206, 208 and 210 of the long CP of Figures 2a to 2f, as described herein. In addition, an exclusive phase shift of the respective SSCs can be used for each group α, β, γ, associated with

23/44 a respective CP to facilitate the provision of information with reference to the respective associated PSCs to facilitate the identification of a base station 102 that has the PSC with the strongest correlation.

The length of the CP can be determined by comparing the correlation results associated with timing detection, where, for example, the timing detection of PSC providing the highest result can be associated with the desired CP and the length of the CP can be determined by the relative distance associated with the desired CP. As an example, with reference to Figures 3a to 3f, if a mobile device 116 performs a first timing detection with a relative distance of 5 ms and this produces a first result (for example, a correlation value), and a second detection of timing is performed with a relative distance of 5 ms + 83 ps, which produces a second result that is higher than the first result, the mobile device 116 can determine that the CP associated with the second result is the desired CP (for example, associated with the desired base station 102) and, based in part on the relative distance, the mobile device 116 can determine that it is a long CP , since the long CP has the longest relative distance, as illustrated in Figures 3a to 3f, for example.

Referring again to Figure 1, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, the mobile device 116 may employ another technique to facilitate the search and identification of the desired base station 102 on the network. Such a technique can be used by the mobile station 116, for example, when the SSC is positioned in different directions for different groups, such that the position of the reference symbol can be flexible. In such cases, a potential

24/44 increase in the assumptions that the mobile device 116 tests to identify the desired base station 102.

Referring again to Figures 4a to 4f, there is shown an example of radio frames 400, 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, respectively, which can be representative of radio frames respectively associated with different base stations 102 in a network . With reference to Figures 4a to 4c and the corresponding radio frames 400, 402 and 404, such radio frames have a short CP. With reference to Figures 4d to 4f and the corresponding radio frames 406, 408 and 410, such radio frames have a long CP. As an example, for short CP (for example, radio frames 400, 402, 404), symbols 0 and 4 can contain a reference signal, and for long CP (for example, radio frames 406, 408 , 410), symbols 0 and 3 can contain a reference signal.

As shown in Figures 4a through 4f, SSCs can be positioned to the left or right of the associated PSC in the sequence of symbols, which can facilitate flexibility with respect to the positioning of a reference signal. The mobile device 116 can detect the respective timing (e.g., determining the timing of symbols) associated with the PSCs respectively associated with the base stations 102 to detect the highest correlation value. To facilitate the detection of the SSC position, once the timing associated with a specific PSC is detected, the mobile device 116 can test the hypotheses about the symbol positions to the left and right of the specific PSC and can compare the results of the two hypotheses, in which the hypothesis having the highest correlation result can be apposition of the SSC associated with the specific PSC. The mobile device 116 can use the timing information and information associated with the SSC

25/44 detected (for example, phase information) to facilitate the desired base station 102 ID on the network.

Figure 5 is a representation of a system 500 that can facilitate searches for a cell (for example, a base station) within a wireless communication environment. System 500 may include a base station 102 that can communicate with one or more mobile devices, such as mobile device 116. It should be noted that only one mobile device is represented in Figure 5 for clarity and brevity. In addition, base station 102 can communicate with other base stations and / or any different devices (for example, servers) (not shown) that can perform various functions. Base station 102 (for example, a cell) and mobile device 116 can each be the same or similar and / or can comprise the same or similar functionality as the respective components described herein, for example, with reference to system 100 .

The mobile device 116 can search for a base station 102 (for example, a cell) among a plurality of base stations in a wireless communication environment in order to establish communications with the base station 102 and other mobile devices (for example, 122) on the wireless communication environment. In one embodiment, to facilitate the search for a base station 102, the mobile device 116 may include a searcher 502 that can search / search and detect signals provided by the respective base stations (for example, 102) to identify and / or locate a station base 102 with which to establish communication.

researcher 502 can include a PSC detector

504 which can detect timing information (for example, symbol timing) associated with the respective PSCs transmitted by the respective base stations (for example, the

102), in which the timing information of the respective PSCs

26/44 can be analyzed and evaluated to facilitate the determination of the respective strengths of such PSCs, for example. The PSC 504 detector can evaluate the respective signal strengths and can perform calculations to determine the respective correlation values ​​associated with the respective PSCs in order to identify the PSC having the highest correlation value, where such · PSC can be associated with desired base station 102, which the searcher 502 is looking for. The PSC 504 detector can also measure relative distance information respectively

PSCs, in which such and / or and / or to evaluate those associated with distance can be used to facilitate the determination of CP lengths to identify a base station 102.

Researcher 502 may also include an SSC detector 506 that can detect information associated with SSCs transmitted by respective base stations (for example, 102), where SSCs can be analyzed and evaluated to facilitate the determination of the respective phase angles between the PSCs and their associated SSCs, identify a specific base station 102 and / or facilitate the establishment of a connection between the mobile device 116 and a base station (for example, the 102), for example. The SSC detector 506 can detect phase shift information and / or other information to facilitate the determination of which base station 102 is transmitting the PSC detected by the PSC detector 504. The SSC detector 506 can also evaluate the information detected to facilitate determining the number of antennas associated with a specific base station 102. The SSC 506 detector can evaluate and / or perform calculations with respect to the detected information associated with the respective SSCs to determine the specific SSC that has the highest correlation value, where such SSC can be associated with the base station 102 by which the researcher 502 is looking for.

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In one embodiment, the SSC 506 detector can be used to test hypotheses to facilitate the detection (for example, blind detection) of a CP length, when the SSCs associated with the short CP have the same phase shift as the SSCs associated with the Long CP. The SSC detector 506 can evaluate and perform calculations to determine which SSC has the highest correlation value and can determine the length of the CP associated with the desired base station 102 based in part on the SSC having the highest correlation value. The SSC 506 detector can also be used to test hypotheses to facilitate the detection of the desired SSC when the SSC can be located on either side of an associated PSC in the symbol sequence. The SSC 506 detector can evaluate and perform calculations to determine which SSC has the highest correlation value and can determine the position of the SSC with respect to the associated PSC in the symbol sequence based in part on the SSC having the highest correlation value. The SSC having the highest value can be the desired SSC and can be associated with the desired base station 102. Information, such as phase information, associated with the desired SSC can be evaluated to facilitate identification of the desired base station 102.

Figure 6 is an illustration of a 600 system that facilitates cell searches within a wireless communication environment. System 600 can include a plurality of base stations 102 (only one base station 102 is shown in Figure 6 for clarity and brevity), which can communicate with one or more mobile devices, such as mobile device 116, in an environment wireless communication. It should be clear that only one mobile device 116 appears in Figure 6 for clarity and brevity. In addition, base station 102 can communicate with other base stations and / or any different devices (for example, servers) (they are not

28/44 shown) that can perform various functions as desired. The base station 102 and the mobile device 116 may be, comprise similar and / or may each be the same or similar, the same or respectively the functionalities as the respective components described herein, such as, for example, with reference to system 100 and / or the 500 system.

Each base station 102 can include a PSC generator 602 that can facilitate the generation and provision of a PSC that can be transmitted in the wireless communication environment. The PSC can be used to facilitate searches by a mobile device 116 to locate, identify and / or establish communications with a base station (for example, 102) in the wireless communication environment (for example, a network). The PSC that is generated can be common to base stations 102 on the network, or there can be more than one PSC with respective values ​​that can be used respectively by base stations 102.

Each base station 102 can also include an SSC generator 604 that can generate and provide an SSC (for example, each base station can generate a unique SSC) that can be transmitted (for example, by broadcast) in a wireless communication environment. An SSC can facilitate cell searches, since the mobile device 116 can detect information associated with an SSC, the SSC together with the PSC can be used to facilitate searches for a desired base station 102 in the wireless communication environment and to establish the communication with such base station 102.

In addition, each base station 102 may also include a reference signal generator 606 that can generate and provide reference signals. Reference signals can be detected and used, as desired, by the mobile device 116 to facilitate

29/44 detection of timing related to PSCs and / or to facilitate the identification of a desired base station 102.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, there are presented methods related to the use of pilot signals to allow transfer between technologies and / or a wireless communication environment. Although, for the sake of simplicity in explanation, the methods are presented and described in the form of a series of acts or actions, it must be clear that the methods are not limited by the order of actions, given that some actions may, according to with one or more modalities, occur in different orders and / or concurrently with other actions in relation to the one described and presented here. As an example, those skilled in the art will note that a method could alternatively be represented in the form of a series of interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram. In addition, not all the illustrated actions may be necessary to implement a method according to one or more modalities.

Figure 7 is an illustration of a method 700 that can facilitate cell searches (for example, base station 102) in a wireless communication environment. In 702, timing information can be detected. In one embodiment, the timing information can be associated with cells in a network respectively. A mobile device 116 can use a searcher (e.g., 502) that can detect timing information associated with PSCs and associated cells respectively. The researcher can evaluate the information received and can perform calculations to facilitate the detection and / or determination of timing information, which can be used to facilitate the location of a cell.

In 704, a cell can be identified based in part on phase information from an SSC associated with the PSC.

In one embodiment, the researcher can detect SSCs, and the

30/44 information associated with them, such as phase information, which can be used to determine which SSC has the highest correlation, identification of a desired cell and / or detection of a CP, for example. The researcher can evaluate the information received, such as information associated with SSCs and / or PSCs, to facilitate the detection of SSCs, identification of cells and / or detection of CPs. The information with reference to the position of a PSC in a sequence of symbols and / or phase information of an SSC, in which the PSC can be used as a phase reference with respect to the associated SSC, can be used by the researcher to make determinations and / or identifications with respect to a desired cell.

Figure 8 is an illustration of a method 800 that can facilitate cell searches within a wireless communication environment. In 802, correlation values ​​can be determined respectively associated with PSCs. In one embodiment, a mobile device (eg 116) can employ a researcher (eg 502) who can determine and / or calculate correlation values ​​associated with respective PSCs to determine the PSC with the highest correlation value . The PSC with the highest correlation value can be associated, for example, a desired base station 102 mobile device wants to identify a desired cell (with which to establish communication with. The correlation values ​​can correspond to the timing information respectively associated with the PSCs.

In 804, the correlation values ​​associated with SSCs can be determined respectively. In one embodiment, the researcher can determine and / or calculate correlation values ​​associated with the respective SSCs, where the researcher can determine which SSC has the highest correlation value. The SSC with the highest correlation value can be associated with the desired cell. The phase information associated with SSCs can be

31/44 used to facilitate the detection of the desired SSC. In 806, a CP length can be detected. In a modality, in which the CP length is unknown, but the relative temporal distance between two PSCs in a radio frame is fixed, the researcher can employ blind CP detection to facilitate the detection of the CP length. In another modality, when the relative distance between two consecutive PSCs related to a short CP is different from the relative distance between two consecutive PSCs related to a long CP, the researcher can detect and / or determine the length of the CP by calculating values ​​of correlation at different relative distances, where the relative distance associated with the highest correlation value can be associated with the length of CP that you want to detect.

In 808, a cell can be selected based in part on the correlation values. In one embodiment, the researcher can determine the PSC that is associated with the highest correlation value, compared to other PSCs, the SSC is the one associated with a higher correlation value compared to other SSCs, and / or the length of the CP that is associated with a higher correlation value compared to other CP lengths, to facilitate the selection of a cell, which can be the desired base station (for example, the base station having the strongest signal) with which the mobile device may wish to establish communication.

It should be noted that, according to one or more modalities described here, inferences can be made with reference to the search for base stations (for example, cells) for a mobile device in a wireless communication environment. As used here, the term infer or inference generally refers to the process of deducing about or inferring states of the system, environment and / or user from a set of

32/44 observations as captured through events and / or data. Inference can be used to identify a specific context or action, or it can generate a distribution of probabilities across states, for example. The inference can be probabilistic, that is, the computation of a distribution of probabilities between states of interest based on a consideration of data and events. The inference can also refer to techniques used to compose higher level events from a set of events and / or data. Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions from a set of observed events and / or stored event data, whether the events are correlated or not in temporal proximity and whether the events and data come from one or more sources of events and Dice.

As an example, one or more of the methods described above may include making inferences with reference to the detection of a PSC, detection of an SSC, determination of a relative strength of a PSC or other signal, etc. It should be noted that the examples above are of an illustrative nature and are not intended to limit the number of inferences that can be made, or the manner in which such inferences are made in conjunction with the various modalities and / or methods described herein.

Figure 9 is a representation of a mobile device 900 that can facilitate the performance of searches for base stations in a wireless communication system. The mobile device 900 comprises a receiver 902 that receives a signal from, for example, a receiving antenna (not shown) and performs typical actions on it (for example, filters, amplifies, converts to reception, etc.) and digitizes the conditioned signal to obtain samples. 0 receiver 902 can be, for example, an MMSE receiver and can comprise a demodulator 904 that can demodulate received symbols and provide them for a

33/44 processor 906 for channel estimation. The processor 906 can be a processor dedicated to analyzing information received by the receiver 902 and / or generating information for transmission by a transmitter 908, a processor that controls one or more components of the mobile device 900 and / or a processor that analyzes the information received by receiver 902, generates information for transmission by transmitter 908 and controls one or more components of the mobile device 900. 0 mobile device 900 may also comprise a modulator 910 which can work in conjunction with transmitter 908 to facilitate the transmission of signals (e.g., data) to, for example, a base station 102, another mobile device, etc.

mobile device 900 can additionally comprise a memory 912 which can be operationally coupled to processor 906 and which can store data to be transmitted, data received, information related to PSCs associated with base stations, information related to SSCs associated with respective base stations, information associated correlation determinations related to cell searches, information related to CP lengths and / or other information that can facilitate searches for a desired base station 102 (for example, a cell) in a wireless communication system. The 912 memory can additionally store protocols and / or algorithms associated with searching for base stations in a wireless communication system.

It should be noted that the memory 912 (e.g., data storage) described herein may comprise a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. As an example, but not a limitation, non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), memory flash and / or memory

34/44 non-volatile random access (NVRAM). Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which can act as an external cache memory. As an example, but not a limitation, RAM is available in several forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), data rate SDRAM dual (DDR SDRAM), extended SDRAM (ESDRAM), DRAM Synchlink (SLDRAM) and direct RAM Rambus (DRRAM). Memory 912 of the systems and methods of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, these and other suitable types of memory.

The processor 906 can also comprise a searcher 502 that can facilitate searches by the mobile device 900 to locate, identify and / or communicate with a desired base station (e.g. 102) among a plurality of base stations in a communication system wireless. It should be noted that the researcher 502 may be the same or similar, or may comprise the same or similar functionalities as the respective components described above, for example, with reference to the system 100 and / or the system 500. It should also be noted that the researcher 502 may be an isolated unit (as shown), may be contained within processor 906, may be incorporated into another component and / or virtually any combination thereof, as desired.

Figure 10 is an illustration of a system 1000 that can facilitate searches for base stations associated with a wireless communication environment. System 1000 can comprise a plurality of base stations 102 (e.g., access points, etc.) (only one base station is shown in Figure 10 for brevity and clarity), where each base station 102 can include a receiver 1002 which can receive signals from one or

35/44 more mobile devices 116 via a plurality of receiving antennas 1004, and a transmitter 1006 which can transmit signals (e.g., data) to one or more mobile devices 116 via a transmitting antenna 1008. Receiver 1002 it can receive information from reception antennas 1004 and can be operationally associated with a demodulator 1010 which can demodulate received information. Demodulated symbols can be analyzed by a processor 1012 which can be a processor dedicated to analyzing information received by a receiver 1002, and / or generating information for transmission by a transmitter 1006, a processor that controls one or more components of the base station 102 and / or a processor that analyzes information received by receiver 1002, generates information for transmission by transmitter 1006 and controls one or more components of base station 102. The base station 102 can also comprise a modulator 1014 which can work in conjunction with the transmitter 1006 to facilitate the transmission of signals (e.g., data) to, for example, a mobile device 116, another device and so on.

The processor 1012 can be coupled to a memory 1016 that can store information related to data to be transmitted, data received, information related to a PSC, information related to an SSC and / or other information relevant to searches by a mobile device 116 for a base station (eg 102) in a wireless communication system. Memory 1016 can also store protocols and / or algorithms associated with facilitating the provision of PSCs and / or SSCs in order to facilitate searches by a mobile device 116 for a base station 102 in the wireless communication system.

processor 1012 can be coupled to a PSC 602 generator that can facilitate the generation and provision of a PSC that can be transmitted in the

36/44 wireless communication. The PSC can be used to facilitate searches by a mobile device 116 to locate, identify and / or establish communications with base station 102 on the wireless communication system. It should be noted that the PSC generator 602 may be the same or similar, or may comprise the same or similar functionality as the respective components described above, for example with reference to system 100 and / or system 600. It should also be noted that the PSC generator 602 may be an isolated unit (as shown), may be contained within processor 1012, may be incorporated into another component and / or virtually any combination thereof, as desired.

The 1012 processor can be coupled to an SSC generator 604 that can generate and provide an SSC (for example, each base station can generate a unique SSC) that can be transmitted (for example, by broadcast) in a wireless communication system . An SSC can be detected by a mobile device 116 and the SSC, together with the PSC, can be used to facilitate searches for a desired base station 102 in the wireless communication environment and to establish communication with that base station 102. It should be noted that the SSC generator 604 may be the same or similar, or may comprise the same or similar functionality as the respective components described herein with reference to, for example, systems 100 and / or 600. It should also be noted that the SSC generator 604 may be an isolated unit (as shown), may be contained within processor 1012, may be incorporated into another component and / or virtually any combination thereof, as desired.

processor 1012 can be and / or can be coupled to a reference signal generator 606 that can generate and provide reference signals, for example for mobile devices (for example, 116) to facilitate the

37/44

116!

606 equal functionality or it can be equal to understand respective timing detection and / or facilitate the identification of a desired base station 102 during searches for a desired base station 102 by a mobile device (for example, It should be noted that the reference signal generator or similar, or may be similar to the components described herein with reference to, for example, systems 100 and / or 600. It should also be noted that the reference signal generator 606 may be an isolated unit (as shown), may be contained within processor 1012, may be incorporated into another component and / or virtually any combination thereof, as desired.

Figure 11 is an illustration of a 1100 wireless communication system. The 1100 wireless communication system features a base station 1110 and a mobile device 1150 for brevity. However, it should be noted that the 1100 system can include more than one base station and / or more than one mobile device, where the base stations and / or mobile devices can be substantially similar to or different from the base station 1110 and the mobile device 1150 described below. In addition, it should be noted that the base station 1110 and / or the mobile device 1150 may employ the systems (Figures 1, 5 and 6, 9 and 10) and / or methods (Figures 7 and 8) described here to facilitate communication wireless between them.

At the base station 1110, traffic data for various data streams is provided from a data source / source 1112 to a transmission data processor (TX) 1114. As an example, each data stream can be transmitted via a respective antenna. The TX 1114 data processor formats, encodes and merges the traffic data stream based on a specific coding scheme selected for such data stream to provide encrypted data.

38/44

The encoded data for each data stream can be multiplexed with pilot data using orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) multiplexing techniques. Additionally or alternatively, pilot symbols can be multiplexed by frequency division (FDM), multiplexed by time division (TDM), or multiplexed by code division (CDM). Pilot data is typically a known data pattern that is processed in a known manner and that can be used on the 1150 mobile device to estimate the channel response. The multiplexed encoded and pilot data for each data stream can be modulated (for example, mapped to symbols) based on a specific modulation scheme (for example, phase shift binary switching - BPSK, phase shift shift in quadrature - QPSK, multi-phase shift switching - M-PSK, M quadrature amplitude modulation - M-QAM, etc.) selected for such data stream to provide modulation symbols. The data rate, encoding and modulation for each data stream can be determined by instructions made or provided by the 1130 processor.

The modulation symbols for the data streams can be provided for a TX MIMO 1120 processor, which can further process the modulation symbols (for example, for OFDM). The TX MIMO 1120 processor below provides NT modulation symbol streams for NT transmitters (TMTR) 1122a to 1122t. In various modalities, the TX MIMO 1120 processor applies beamforming weights to the symbols of the data streams and to the antenna from which the symbol is being transmitted.

Each 1122 transmitter receives and processes a respective chain of symbols to provide one or more analog signals and further conditions (for example,

39/44 amplifies, filters and converts for transmission) the analog signals to provide a modulated signal suitable for transmission through the MIMO channel. In addition, NT modulated signals from transmitters 1122a to 1122t are transmitted from NT antennas 1124a to 1124t, respectively.

On the mobile device 1150, the modulated symbols transmitted are received by N_R antennas 1152a to 1152r and the signal received from each antenna 1152 is provided to a respective receiver (RCVR) 1154a to 1154r. Each receiver 1154 conditions (for example, filters, amplifies and converts for reception) a respective signal, digitizes the conditioned signal to provide samples and further processes the samples to provide a corresponding received symbol stream.

An RX 1160 data processor can receive and process N_R chains of symbols received from N_R 1154 receivers based on a specific receiver processing technique to provide NT detected symbol streams. The RX 1160 data processor can demodulate, deinterleave and decode each detected symbol stream to retrieve traffic data for the data stream. Processing by the RX 1160 data processor is complementary to that performed by the TX MIMO 1120 processor and the TX 1114 data processor on the base station 1110.

A 1170 processor can periodically determine which available technology to use as described above. In addition, the 1170 processor can formulate a reverse link message comprising a part of a matrix index and a part of rank / hierarchy value.

The reverse link message can comprise various types of information with reference to the communication link and / or the received data stream. The message

The reverse link 0/44 can be processed by a TX 1138 data processor, which also receives traffic data for various data streams from a data source 1136, modulated by a modulator 1180, conditioned by transmitters 1154a to 1154r and transmitted back to base station 1110.

At the base station 1110, the modulated signals from the mobile device 1150 are received by the antennas 1124, conditioned by the receivers 1122, demodulated by a demodulator 1140 and processed by an RX 1142 data processor to extract the reverse link message transmitted by the mobile device 1150 In addition, the 1130 processor can process the extracted message to determine which pre-coding matrix to use to determine the beam forming weights.

Processors 1130 and 1170 can direct (for example, control, coordinate, manage, etc.) the operation on base station 1110 and mobile device 1150, respectively. The respective processors 1130 and 1170 can be associated with memories 1132 and 1172 that store program codes and data. Processors 1130 and 1170 can also perform computations to derive pulse and frequency response estimates for the downlink and uplink, respectively.

It should be made clear that the modalities described here can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcodes, or any combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, processing units can be implemented within one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) , field programmable port arrangements (FPGAs), processors, controllers, micro controllers, microprocessors, other units

41/44 electronics designed to perform the functions described here, or a combination thereof.

When modalities are implemented in software, firmware, middleware, or microcode, program code or code segments, they can be stored on a machine-readable medium, such as a storage component. A code segment can represent a procedure, a function, a sub-program, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program statements. A code segment can be coupled to another code segment or to a hardware circuit by passing and / or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, data, arguments, parameters, etc., can be passed on, passed on, or transmitted using any suitable means, including memory sharing, message passing, card / token passing, network transmission, etc.

For a software implementation, the techniques described here can be implemented through modules (for example, procedures, functions and so on) that perform the functions described here. The software codes can be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit can be implemented inside the processor or externally to the processor, in which case it can be coupled in communication with the processor through various devices as is known to those skilled in the art.

Figure 12 is an illustration of a 1200 system that can facilitate searches for a cell in a wireless communication environment. As an example, the 1200 system can reside, at least partially, inside a mobile device (for example, the 116). It should be noted that the 1200 system is represented as including blocks

42/44 functions, which can be functional blocks that represent functions implemented by a processor, software, or combination thereof (for example, firmware). System 1200 includes a logical grouping 1202 of electrical components that can act together. As an example, logic group 1202 may include an electrical component for detecting PSCs 1204. In one embodiment, the timing information associated with the respective PSCs and / or other information respectively associated with the PSCs can be detected by the electrical component for detecting PSCs 1204. In addition, logic cluster 1202 may comprise an electrical component for detecting SSCs 1206. According to a modality, the information associated with SSCs (for example, phase information, correlation information, etc.) and / or information associated with the length of CP, can be detected by the electrical component for detection of SSCs 1206. In addition, Logical group 1202 may include an electrical component for selecting a cell based in part on the information associated with SSCs 1208 respectively. In one embodiment, a cell (for example, base station 102) can be selected based in part on SSC information and / or other information, such as timing information respectively associated with PSCs, by electrical component 1208. Additionally, the system 1200 can include memory 1210 that holds instructions for performing functions associated with electrical components 1204, 1206 and

1208. Despite being presented as external to memory 1210, it should be clear that one or more of the electrical components 1204, 1206 and 1208 may exist inside memory 1210.

Figure 13 is an illustration of a 1300 system that can facilitate searches for a cell in a wireless communication environment. The 1300 system can reside inside a base station (for example, the

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102), for example. As illustrated, the 1300 system includes function blocks that can represent functions implemented by a processor, software, or combination thereof (for example, firmware). The system 1300 includes a logical grouping 1302 of electrical components that can act together. As an example, logical group 1302 may include an electrical component for generating PSCs 1304. In addition, logical group 1302 can include an electrical component for generating SSCs 1306. In one embodiment, the generated SSCs can be unique to facilitate cell searches (for example, a base station can be associated with one or more SSCs that can different from one or more SSCs associated with a different base station). In addition, logic group 1302 may comprise an electrical component for generating reference signals 1308. In one embodiment, reference signals can be used to facilitate the detection of timing information associated with PSCs and / or to facilitate cell searches. In addition, the 1300 system may include a 1310 memory that holds instructions for performing functions associated with electrical components 1304, 1306 and 1308. Despite being presented as external to the 1310 memory, it should be clear that one or more of the electrical components 1304, 1306 and 1308 may exist inside the 1310 memory.

Figure 14 is an illustration of another exemplary system that can facilitate searching for base stations in a wireless communication environment. 0 system 1402 includes a component 1402 for detecting timing information related to primary synchronization channels (PSCs); a component 1404 for identifying a cell based in part on phase information associated with a PSC; a component 1406 for employing a primary synchronization channel / secondary synchronization channel (PSC / SSC) temporally excited together that carries

44/44 network context information; a 1408 component to ensure that the PSC does not have a single frequency network (SFN) artifact in a synchronous system; a component 1410 for fixing the relative time distance between the two consecutive PSCs regardless of the length of the cyclic prefix (CP); a component 1412 for determining correlation values ​​respectively associated with PSCs; a component 1414 for determining correlation values ​​respectively associated with SSCs; a component 1416 for determining the length of CP; a component 1418 for selecting the cell based in part on the determined correlation values; and / or a component 1420 to fix the relative time distance between two consecutive PSCs.

It should be noted that the above described components of the 1400 system can be hardware, software, or a combination thereof. It should also be noted that the 1400 system does not require all the respective components and that several suitable combinations of subsets of such components can be used in connection with the realization of the features described here.

What has been described above includes one or more exemplary embodiments. Naturally, it is not possible to describe each conceivable combination of components or methodologies for the purpose of describing the modalities, but those skilled in the art will note that several other combinations and permutations are possible. Therefore, these modalities intend to encompass all these changes, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the attached claims. In addition, to the extent that the term includes is used, whether in the detailed description or in the claims, that term is intended to be inclusive, similar to the term understand, as understood is interpreted when used as a transition word in a claim .

in