Security element and method for the production thereof

1. A security element for protecting valuable objects comprising at least one first authentication indication, comprising a first system having a plurality of focusing elements arranged in a first grid and a second system having a plurality of microscopic structures arranged in a second grid, wherein the first and the second system is arranged so that the spatial frequencies of the two grids differ slightly from each other, wherein the microscopic structures of the second system when viewed through the focusing elements of the first system as a result of the moiré effect can be seen with magnification, and a second authentication feature checked by machine, and / or a visual image and not susceptible to the influence of the first system of the first authentication priznaka.2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second grid of the first authentication feature has a fixed geometrical vzaimosvyaz.3. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second grid of the first authentication tag are slightly different linear rastr.4. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second grid of the first authentication feature are substantially identical line screen and are arranged at a small rotation relative to each druga.5. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the line raster of the first and second grid is markedly from 3 to 50 microns, preferably from 5 to 35 .mu.m, particularly preferably from 10 to 20 mkm.6. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the second feature comprises a machine readable authentication sloy.7. Element according to claim 6, characterized in that the machine-readable layer includes a substance having a machine readable indicium, especially reflecting, magnetic, electrically conductive, polarizing, phase shifting, phosphorescent, fluorescent and luminescent veschestva.8. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the second authentication feature comprises dimensional information.9 fragment. Element according to claim 8, characterized in that the two-dimensional piece of information is an image pattern layer was formed in the form of characters, patterns or codes, and / or having gaps in the form of characters, patterns or kodov.10. Element according to claim 9, characterized in that said image forming layer comprises a reflection layer, preferably a metal layer or a printed sloy.11. Element according to claim 10, characterized in that the reflecting layer is formed by a reflective thin film elementom.12. Element according to claim 11, characterized in that the thin-film element comprises a reflective layer, an absorber layer and a dielectric disposed therebetween an intermediate sloy.13. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing elements of the first system authentication first feature elementami.14 are lenticular. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the microscopic structures of the second authentication system of the first feature made in the form or mikrosimvolov mikrouzorov.15. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the microscopic structures are napechatannymi.16. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the microscopic structures comprise embossed mikrostruktury.17. Element according to claim 16, characterized in that the first and second system authentication first feature arranged so that the focusing elements of the first system and the embossed microstructures of the second system, formed as elevations, are directed in the same napravlenii.18. Element according to claim 16, characterized in that the embossed microstructures comprise elements executed in the form of spherical or aspherical segments, cones, triangular pyramids, trapezoidal pyramids, truncated cones, truncated pyramids and the like, and / or have a base in the form of characters, patterns or kodov.19. Element according to claim 16, characterized in that the embossed microstructures are formed by stamping a colored embossing lacquer, such as a colored opaque or colored transparent lacquer tisneniya.20. Element according to claim 19, characterized in that the colored embossing lacquer is a radiation hardening varnish containing pigments pigmenty.21. Element according to claim 16, characterized in that the embossed microstructures are arranged on the painted podlozhke.22. Element according to claim 19, characterized in that the embossed microstructures on the structured side of the second system are provided with an opaque coating, preferably a metal layer or an opaque layer kraski.23. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the microscopic structures comprise embossed microstructures coated with a reflective layer, preferably a metal layer that has gaps in the form of characters, patterns or codes, or is in the form of characters, patterns or codes, resulting in a visual 2D / 3D effekt.24. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the microscopic structures comprise embossed mikrostruktury.25. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing elements of the first system and, if necessary, the embossed microstructures of the second system are of circular or elliptical base formy.26. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the first system comprises a combination of focusing elements of different sizes and different linear rastra.27. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing elements of the first system and / or the microscopic structures of the second system is located on podlozhke.28. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that between the focusing elements of the first system and the microscopic structures of the second system provides an intermediate layer and / or adhesive sloy.29. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing elements of the first system are provided with a protective layer having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the focusing elements by at least 0,3.30. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that its total thickness is less than 50 mkm.31. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a security thread, a tear tape, masking tape, protective braid, sticker or a label for application to a security paper, value document and the like im.32. A method of manufacturing a security element according to any one pp.1-31, wherein the first authentication feature is formed by combining the first and the second system, the first system having a plurality of focusing elements arranged in a first grid, is placed over the second system having a plurality of microscopic structures arranged in a second grid, in such a way that the spatial frequencies of both of said screens are slightly different from each other, with the microscopic structure of the second system when viewed through the focusing elements of the first system as a result of the moiré effect can be seen with magnification, wherein the first authentication feature may be combined with at at least one second authentication feature, which can be verified by machine and / or visual image that is unaffected, and the impact of the first system of the first authentication priznaka.33. A method according to claim 32, characterized in that the microscopic structures of the first authentication tag coated with a reflective layer serving as second authentication feature, preferably a metallic layer, wherein the reflection layer has gaps in the form of characters, patterns or codes, or is in the form of patterns, characters or codes, thereby providing a visual 2D / 3D effekt.34. A method according to claim 32, characterized in that the microscopic structures comprise embossed mikrostruktury.35. A method according to claim 34, characterized in that the embossed microstructures are formed by stamping a colored embossing lacquer, such as a colored opaque or colored transparent lacquer tisneniya.36. A method according to claim 35, characterized in that in the first stage to the substrate a colored lacquer is applied and at the second stage it is performed by the relief embossing die, resulting in portions of different height or depth profilya.37. A method according to claim 35, characterized in that the embossed microstructures with the structured side of the second system is provided with an opaque coating, preferably a metal layer or an opaque layer kraski.38. A method according to claim 34, characterized in that the reflective layer is made of a metal sloya.39. A method according to claim 32, characterized in that between the focusing elements of the first system and the microscopic structures of the second system generates an intermediate layer and / or adhesive sloy.40. Security paper for producing value documents, such as banknotes, checks, identification cards, certificates and the like, provided with a security element according to any one pp.1-31.41. Paper according to claim 40, characterized in that the material it is made of paper bases or plastmassy.42. Valuable item, for example, branded products, valuable document, and the like, provided with a security element according to any of pp.1-31.43. Item according to claim 42, characterized in that the protective element is placed on it in the window area.