Apparatus for sorting waste materials

(42) Date of commencement of the patent: 15. 5.1995 (45) Date of issue: 27.12.1995 (73) Patent owner:

BINDER + CO AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT A-8200 GLEISDORF, STYRIA (AT).

CO (54) DEVICE FOR SORTING WASTE (57) Device for sorting waste of different materials, in which at least two discharge regions (15) are provided for pieces sorted out according to specific criteria (7) in the region of a conveying path for isolated pieces (7) which is V-shaped in cross-section, each of which is assigned a receptacle for the rejected pieces (7), wherein in each discharge area (15) below the conveying path, at least one respective blowing device nozzle arranged by a sensor device arranged upstream of the conveying path for detecting the different materials and optionally colors is arranged. In order to minimize the air requirement when ejecting the pieces (7), it is provided that each tuyere Anoidnung at least a pair of elongated or oval nozzles (13,14), wherein the longer axes of Ausströmquerschnitte are substantially perpendicular to each other.

AT 400 413

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DVR 0079313

AT 400 413 Β

The invention relates to a device for sorting waste of different materials, in which in the region of a cross-sectionally V-shaped conveying path for isolated pieces at least two discharge areas are provided for pieces sorted out according to specific criteria, each of which is assigned a recording for the sorted pieces, wherein in each discharge area below the conveying path, at least one respective blowing device arranged by a sensor device arranged upstream of the conveying path for detecting the different materials and optionally colors is arranged.

In such known such devices usually only one exhaust nozzle is provided with relaitv large Ausströmquerschnitt in each discharge area, which alone is sufficient to blow out the largest accumulating pieces can.

However, this results in the disadvantage of a correspondingly large consumption of compressed air. In addition, the sorted pieces are accelerated very quickly by such nozzles and, if it is smaller pieces, very far away expelled, or it must be provided correspondingly expensive discharge devices.

The aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a device of the type mentioned above, which is characterized by a simple structure and low air consumption.

According to the invention this is achieved in a device of the type mentioned above in that each blast nozzle assembly has at least one pair of elongated or oval nozzles, wherein the longer axes of Ausströmquerschnitte are substantially perpendicular to each other.

By the proposed measures, it is possible with a, compared to the conventional devices, smaller Ausströmquerschnitt per Abwufbereich to find the Auslangen. In addition, results from the proposed measures and the advantage that, for example Bottles with an oval cross-section, which cause considerable problems with the ejection in the case of discharge nozzles with a round outflow cross-section, since it is often only possible to rotate the bottle about its vertical axis, but not to eject it.

In this context, it is advantageous if the longer axis of the Ausströmquerschnittes a nozzle of a pair of nozzles extends substantially in the direction of the conveying path, wherein the plane of the exhaust opening of the nozzle disposed substantially perpendicular to the conveying path substantially perpendicular to the obliquely upwardly projecting ejection edge of the conveying path is arranged.

In this way, regardless of the shape of the article to be ejected, a secure ejection thereof is ensured. In this case, the object to be ejected is lifted and moved by the air jet of the associated second nozzle of the nozzle pair on the ejection side edge of the conveying path through the nozzle extending from the nozzle extending in the direction of the conveying path, the Ausströmquerschnitt the second nozzle with its longer axis with its perpendicular to longer axis of Ausströmquerschnittes the first nozzle extends. The objects to be ejected are with their longitudinal axes usually in the conveying direction.

If according to a further feature of the invention at least two pairs of nozzles are provided per ejection area and the sensor device moreover recognizes the size of the individual pieces and the pairs of nozzles are controllable separately in each discharge area, then very considerable savings in compressed air can be achieved. Thus, it is possible by the proposed measures to eject smaller objects by activating only a pair of blast nozzles and to activate only two or more pairs of blast nozzles for larger objects. As a result, the consumption of compressed air can be significantly reduced.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Showing:

1 shows schematically an embodiment of a device according to the invention,

2 shows schematically details of the disc,

Fig. 3 and 4 schematically the blowing out of various objects.

The device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 has a conveying path formed by a drivable disc 2, to which an application chute 1 for the purpose of separating pieces 7 to be sorted is assigned, such as bottles, cans and the like. made of different materials.

The disc 2 has a substantially planar or dome-shaped upwardly curved central region 3, which is surrounded in dargesteliten Ausführungsbeispiei of a downwardly conically widening area 4, which in turn is surrounded by an upwardly to conically widening edge 5. This results in a circumferential groove, which is provided for receiving the pieces to be sorted 7.

The chute 1 has a relatively small inclination and is tangential to the channel formed by the region 4 and the edge 5 of the disc 2, so that the individual pieces 7 slide from the chute 1 in this groove.

AT 400 413 B

The individual pieces 7 are pressed due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the disc 2 to the inside of the edge 5 and therefore do not change their position to the disc 2.

In the direction of rotation of the disc 2, the task chute 1 is followed by a sensor device 6. This sensor device is equipped with sensors that usually detect the reflectivity of the individual pieces 7 for infrared light and from these measurements, the respective material from which the passing piece 7 is made detected.

Furthermore, if sorting by color is desired in the various materials, especially plastics, color sensors for transparent pieces 7 operating in the sensor device 6 are also provided by visible-light color sensors for substantially opaque pieces 7 and transparent-light color sensors 7 his.

This sensor device 6 controls discharge devices 8, which are arranged downstream of the sensor device 6 in the direction of rotation of the disc 2, wherein the discharge devices 8 are formed by pairs of discharge nozzles 13, 14, whose exhaust opening is elongated. These blow-off nozzles 13, 14 are arranged below the disc 2, wherein the longitudinal axis of the Ausströmquerschnittes the nozzle 13 extends substantially in the conveying direction and therefore tangential or the curvature of the conveying path, which is determined by the disc 2 follows.

The longitudinal axes of the nozzles 13, 14 themselves extend substantially parallel to the edge 5 of the disk 2 seen in cross-section. The conical region 4 surrounding the central region 3 is provided with a large number of apertures, or is made of a wire mesh 9, expanded metal 10 or formed by spaced rods 11. As a result, correspondingly large surface portions are permeable to air.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, a plurality of discharge devices 8 are arranged in each discharge area 15 assigned to a collecting container 12.

Depending on the detected by the sensor assembly 6 material of the piece in question 7 and the size of this piece, possibly also its color within the same material, at least one of the discharge devices 8 is activated in a collecting container 12 associated discharge area 15 as soon as the piece in question. 7 has passed into the region, wherein the activation durc h the sensor device 6 in response to the rotational speed of the disc 2 is controlled. When activating the ejection devices and the size of each ejected piece 7, which is also detected by the sensor device 6, taken into account, with the ejection of a small piece 7 only one discharge device 8 is activated, whereas in larger pieces 7 two or more in the same discharge area 15 arranged ejection devices 8 are activated. In this case, both nozzles 13, 14 of a discharge device 8 are always activated simultaneously, and each nozzle pair 13, 14 arranged in a discharge region 15 can be controlled separately by the sensor device 6.

A relatively large number of discharge areas 15 can be arranged distributed over the circumference of the disk 2, this also depending on the size of the pieces 7 to be sorted out. The discharge devices 8 are associated with the embodiment of FIG. 1 collecting container 12, but the discharge areas 15 may also be associated with slides that lead to conveyors, not shown.

As shown in FIG. 3 it can be seen can by the arrangement of the nozzles 13, 14 whose outflow openings are mutually substantially perpendicular with their respective longer axes, also in the cross-section oval pieces 7 are easily ejected, since these are acted upon substantially over the entire length of the longer axis of the cross section of these pieces 7 from the air jet of the nozzle 14 and therefore there can be no rotation of the piece 7 about its longitudinal axis, how this could occur when acted upon by the nozzle 13 alone. On the other hand, it is ensured by the nozzle 13 that the piece 7 is acted upon over a sufficiently large part of its length in order to be ejected safely.

Fig. 4 shows the ejection of a relatively small cross-section piece. In this case, the air jet of the nozzle 13, the piece 7 is raised accordingly, being ensured by the air jet of the nozzle 14, that the piece 14 is also a radially outward pulse is issued, so that it comes to a safe ejection of the piece 7.