Method and apparatus for treating water

(42) Date of commencement of the patent: 15. 5.1987 (45) Date of issue: 10.12.1987 (56) Documentation:

US-PS 4153559 CH-PS 400924 AT-PS 124415 (73)

Patentee:

MACH GUIDO DIPL.ING. VIENNA (AT).

(54) METHOD OF PREPARING DRINKING AND / OR HOT WATER AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD (57) Process for the treatment of drinking and / or process water, whereby the water is subject to both a continuous magnetic field treatment and an oligodynamic treatment. In the device provided for this purpose, a chamber (1) is provided, in the region of which at least one magnet system (7, 8) is arranged, which generates a magnetic field extending transversely through the chamber (1). In the chamber (1) and body (20) of one or more oligodynamically acting metal (s) are arranged and experienced by the water flowing through the chamber (1), a movement.

CQ

AT 384 600

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DSU 0075018

- 2 No.384600

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of drinking and / or service water, in which the water is passed through one or more magnetic field (s).

Various techniques for treating drinking and / or service water are known, and these techniques are used when you want to reduce or eliminate adverse effects of water constituents that are present in drinking and / or service water. By treating the water with magnetic fields, wherein the water is passed through one or more magnetic field (s), one can counteract the emergence of unwanted deposits in pipes and containers of mineral salts contained in the water. However, the magnetic field treatment is not or hardly effective against the adverse effects of living microorganisms contained in the water, such as bacteria and / or algae. In order to counteract the disadvantageous effects of the presence of such microorganisms in water, it is usually added to the water chemical agents such as halogens or halogen compounds, but such additives themselves usually cause undesirable side effects. Further, it is also known to subject water to reduce or eliminate adverse effects of microorganisms to a treatment with oligodynamically acting metals; such a treatment only acts against microorganisms present in the water and has no direct influence on unwanted deposits which form from mineral salts contained in the water.

It is an object of the invention to provide a method with which the unwanted effects, u.zw. In particular, the emergence disturbing deposits of mineral salts contained in the water and microorganisms contained in the water can be counteracted. Next is to be given by the invention also suitable for performing the technique to be created device.

The inventive method of the type mentioned is characterized in that the water in combination with the magnetic field treatment is also subjected to an oligodynamic treatment. Through this procedure, the aforementioned objective can be met very well. The two components of the water treatment provided in combination assist each other in an advantageous manner. Thus, by the magnetic field treatment of the water, the oligodynamic effect of metal ions promoted, so that even small amounts of such metal ions in the water have a very good efficacy, and it is reversed by the oligodynamic effect, which prevents or reduces the formation of deposits of organic material, also counteracts the ever-present tendency that deposits of organic material favor the emergence of mineral deposits. The possibility that one can make do with the combination of a magnetic field treatment with an oligodynamic treatment in the oligodynamic treatment with the introduction of small amounts of metal into the water by the proposed method according to the invention, is of particular importance, since the loading of the water by metal ions kept low can be, which is particularly advantageous when preparing drinking water.

The given in the process according to the invention possibility to find with a relatively small loading of the water with ions of oligodynamically acting metals Auslangen is used in a very simple in their implementation of the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that the oligodynamic treatment without external power by arranging pieces of oligodynamically acting metals in the water flow. It is thereby promoted the displacement of the water to be treated with oligodynamically acting ions, so that larger amounts of water can be treated in a relatively short time, when the oligodynamically acting pieces of metal in the magnetic field or the magnetic fields are arranged to be movable. Namely, it comes to the emergence of variable electrical eddy currents in the metal pieces, and it is promoted by these currents, the release of metal ions. A further promotion results if at least two different oligodynamically acting metals are used, since in this way the ion donation is also intensified by electrolytic action. Further, by introducing the ions of several oligodynamically acting metals into the water, an improvement of the attack on the microorganisms living in the water can be expected.

Nr.384600

The desired release of metal ions from the oligodynamically acting metal can be further promoted by inserting small pieces of metal movable by their dimensions and shape away from the water flow which are loosely arranged in the water flow. The good effect of this measure appears to be explained by the fact that the intensive

Movement, which is given small pieces of metal by the flow of water, generated correspondingly strong eddy currents in the small pieces of metal. It is advantageous if you use small metal plates with about 5 to 10 mm in diameter. It is further advantageous both for the effect of the magnetic treatment as well as for bringing about an intensive movement of the metal pieces, provided that the water to be treated flows upward in an approximately perpendicular direction through one or more magnetic fields in the region of this are arranged perpendicularly flow section, is guided, and that while the flow rate of the water is adjusted to in that the oligodynamically acting pieces of metal introduced into the magnetic field range move continuously in the magnetic field range. For this purpose, it can be advantageously provided that the setting of the flow rate 15 is made to the effect that the metal pieces at the locations where the magnetic fields are, under reciprocating motion remain approximately in suspension.

With regard to the oligodynamic treatment, it is favorable if, for the delivery of the metal ions, one uses silver bodies alone or silver bodies together with bodies of another oligodynamically acting metal, the other metal preferably being copper. The preferred combination of silver and copper when using multiple metals is beneficial in terms of both the incorporation of the metal ions into the water, which is assisted by electrolytic effects, and the intended effect on the living microorganisms present in the water. As a silver body is advantageously used body of weakly alloyed silver, u.zw. preferably body of silver, which has a fineness of about 900.

In order to fully exploit the effect achievable in the treatment according to the invention, it is advantageous if the magnetically and oligodynamically treated water after the treatment is stored for at least about 15 minutes, but preferably for 20 to 30 minutes, then filtered and then fed to its use.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that the device has a chamber forming a flow path, in the region of which at least one magnet system is arranged which generates a magnetic field passing transversely to the flow path, passing through the flow path, and further in the chamber several oligody35 namisch acting metal (s) · are arranged. This device has the advantage of a very simple structure and the further significant advantage that it is reliable for long periods of time and hardly requires maintenance. It is further favorable, if it is envisaged that existing of oligodynamically acting metal (s) metal (s) are arranged loosely in the chamber and that at the inflow and at the outlet opening of the chamber perforated plates, 40 sieves or the like. , which allow the passage of water, but a passage of said

Prevent the body from being attached. Thus, in a simple manner, by the loose arrangement of the metal bodies in the chamber good mobility of the same, as mentioned above promotes the easy release of the metal ions, and at the same time a safeguard against unwanted leakage of metal bodies are obtained from the chamber, which is fully effective even with highly fluctuating flow through the chamber.

The movement of the metal bodies emitting the oligodynamically acting ions in the chamber through which the water to be treated should take place so that these bodies remain essentially in the region of the magnetic fields which transversely cross the flow path of the water through the chamber. This is advantageous by selecting or adjusting the amount of water flowing through the chamber 50 or causes the flow velocity of the water in the chamber, for this adjustment and for monitoring the movement of the metal body in the chamber is advantageously formed a part of the chamber wall as a viewing window. It is favorable in this case if one arranges one or more viewing windows in the region of the magnetic fields passing through the chamber. Furthermore, it is also advantageous to arrange a viewing window in the part of the chamber wall adjacent to the discharge opening, because this can be used to quickly detect whether the flow rate is so high that the metal bodies are driven out of the magnetic field range and with the recognition of such a state as well can be remedied quickly.

It is preferably provided that the flow path through the chamber from bottom to top and that the flow area of ​​the chamber is greater in the located between the magnetic fields and the discharge port of the chamber portion than in the underlying region of the chamber. As a result, the bodies made of oligodynamic metal which experience buoyancy by the flow of the water to be treated in the chamber counteract the forces of gravity and forces caused by the magnetic fields. at a properly selected flow rate of the water to be treated by the increasing flow area there sinking flow rate in the lying in front of the discharge port of the chamber barely penetrate or from there into the Magnet15 fields having area of ​​the chamber return. It can thus fluctuate the flow rate in a certain range, without thereby the desired state that the existing oligodynamic metal body remain approximately floating in the field of magnetic fields is impaired.

With regard to the magnetic systems provided in the device according to the invention, it is favorable if several magnet systems are arranged one after the other along the flow path leading through the chamber and their magnetic flux is oriented such that the successive magnetic fields passing through the flow path are oriented in different, mutually opposite directions. Thus, as it flows through the device, the water is sequentially exposed to a plurality of magnetic fields which are different from each other

Have orientation. This is particularly favorable for the magnetic treatment, which is intended to counteract the formation of compact deposits of mineral salts.

An advantageous in terms of their magnetic effect on the water and in terms of their structural design embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the chamber is tubular and that at least one Magnet30 system arranged with an outside of the chamber and in longitudinal or Axialrichtung the same magnetized permanent magnet and is provided with a core arranged inside the core of magnetizable material, through which the magnetic flux passes approximately parallel to the direction of flow of the water through the chamber and so the magnetic flux of the outside of the chamber arranged permanent magnet from one side of the same starting 35 the water flow in the chamber traversing a first magnetic field and then from the core back to the other side the permanent magnet arranged outside the chamber flows in a second magnetic field while again traversing the flow of water in it, which is oriented opposite to the first-mentioned magnetic field. It is beneficial in terms of a further intensification of the magnetic effect on the water when the core * 0 of the respective magnet system arranged in the chamber is an axially magnetized permanent magnet.

In order to achieve the most uniform possible magnetic fields in the chamber in which the treatment of the water, it is further favorable if the arranged outside the chamber permanent magnet of the respective magnet system is a surrounding the chamber ring magnet. It is further advantageous for the stability of the magnet system (s) to form the permanent magnet from a high coercivity material. It has eg Ferrite magnets a relatively high coercive force and are also available at low cost. An embodiment of the device according to the invention, which particularly takes into account the properties of such magnets and allows to achieve particularly effective magnetic fields even with structurally simple structure, characterized in that the outside of the 50 chamber arranged permanent magnet by two surrounding the chamber coaxially arranged rings which axially are magnetized and with a coaxial to the rings of magnetizable tube

Material are joined together, is formed.

A particular with regard to the magnetic action on the water to be treated

Nr.384600

- 5 advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that in the direction of the axis of the chamber successively two magnet systems are arranged, which are facing each other with their eponymous poles.

An embodiment of the device according to the invention, which allows in a very simple way 5 setting a certain flow rate, which as mentioned above for the effect of treatment of water is important, characterized in that one of the chamber fluidly connected in parallel bypass line, in which a control valve is inserted, is provided.

The invention will now be further elucidated below with reference to the drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of devices according to the invention are shown schematically. In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a device designed according to the invention in longitudinal section and Fig. 2, in a schematic representation, an embodiment of such a device in which flow can be regulated.

The illustrated in Fig.l embodiment of a device for treating drinking 15 and / or service water has a chamber -1-, the interior of which forms a Durchflußweg -2- for the water to be treated. This water enters into the chamber -1- at the inlet -4- which forms an inlet opening -3- and leaves it at the outlet -5- forming connection -6-. At the chamber -1- two magnetic systems -7,8- are arranged, which each two transverse to the Durchflußweg and this enforcing

Magnetic fields -9,10 and 11,12- produce.

The chamber -1- is in this embodiment shown in the drawings tube-like design, and it have the magnetic systems -7,8- arranged outside the chamber -1- arranged permanent magnets -14- in the longitudinal or axial direction of the chamber - 1-, which direction is indicated by the double arrow 15 is magnetized. The permanent magnets -14- are in the case illustrated by two axially magnetized magnetic rings -16-, which are arranged coaxially to one another and connected to one another to the rings coaxial tube -17- of magnetizable material together. This design of the permanent magnets -14- is specifically for the use of permanent magnet materials with high coercive force, such as in the form of the known ferrite magnets are available, turned off, and it has this Aus30 education also the advantage of constructive simplicity. But there are also other designs for the arranged outside the tubular chamber -1- and in the longitudinal or axial direction of this magnetized permanent magnet in question, such as individual axially magnetized magnetic rings, which have a larger axial dimension than the magnetic rings shown in the drawings and eg consist of a magnetic alloy formed on the basis of AlNiCo, or even individual magnetic pads, which are arranged around the chamber -1- and optionally with corresponding pole pieces, which conduct the magnetic flux into the chamber -1-, equipped. The magnet systems -7,8- further have a core -18- of magnetizable material arranged inside the chamber, through which the magnetic flux passes approximately parallel to the direction of flow of the water through the chamber -1-; It follows that the magnetic flux of the outside of the chamber -1- arranged permanent magnet -14- of the respective magnet system from the one side of the externally arranged permanent magnet, the water flow in the chamber to form a magnetic field traversing the core reaches -18- and then out this core -18- to form another magnetic field, which is opposite to the first-mentioned magnetic field, the water flow in the chamber again traversed and passes to the other side of the outside of the chamber arranged permanent magnet -14-. The core -18- may consist of a common ferromagnetic material, such as soft iron. Advantageously, however, an axially magnetized permanent magnet is provided as the core since an increase in the magnetic flux or the magnetic field strength in the magnetic fields -9, 10 or 11, 12- can be achieved in this way. In this design of the core -18- as an axially magnetized permanent magnet, it is advantageous if the arranged outside the chamber axially magnetized permanent magnet, as shown, on the outer wall of the chamber -1- extending tube -17- of magnetizable material, in particular soft iron, has, to which the permanent magnet body, for example in the form of rings, is placed.

No, 384600

- 6 The by the construction of the magnetic systems -7,8-, which are arranged along the through the chamber -1- leading flow path in succession, obtained orientation of the successive magnetic fields -9,10 and 11,12-, in different, mutually opposite directions, indicated by arrows in the drawings, is important for a good effect of the magnetic field treatment of the water and further for the special form of oligodynamic treatment, which will be discussed in detail below , Cheap.

The magnet systems -7,8- are arranged so that they are facing each other with the same name poles, in the case shown with the south poles. As a result, a high field strength of the magnetic fields passing through the flow path of the water at the mutually facing sides of the magnet systems can be achieved, in particular, when the magnet systems -7, 8- are arranged close to one another.

For the oligodynamic treatment of the water, bodies -20- of one or more oligodynamically acting metal (s) are arranged in the chamber. It is favorable to have bodies of silver and bodies of copper for them. Advantageously, one sets body in the form of small metal platelets, which have about 5 to 10 mm in diameter, for example about 7 mm in diameter, a. These bodies, which consist of oligodynamically acting metals, are said to be in the range of the magnetic fields -9, 10, 11, 12 in the operation of the device. For this purpose one can these bodies on threads, wires or the like. arrange easily movable. Cheaper is it 20, if you keep these bodies at vertically extending chamber -1- by appropriate adjustment of the water flow through them in the field of magnetic fields in suspension. This results in relatively strong proper movements of these bodies and thus from the magnetic fields forth in these bodies eddy currents and also changing short-term contact of the flow under the influence of the flow on the one hand and under the influence of Schwer25 force on the other hand moving up and down bodies, from which oligodynamically acting metal ions pass into the water subjected to the treatment. The suspension of the small bodies of oligodynamically acting metal in the area of ​​the magnetic fields is also caused by the eddy currents arising in these bodies, which are caused by the electromotive force induced by the movement of these bodies in the magnetic field in these bodies and which in turn cause the movement dampen this body, favored.

The loose arrangement of existing of oligodynamically acting metals metal body -20- in the chamber -1- also has the advantage that such body can be refilled if necessary in a very simple manner.

In order to be able to monitor well under the influence of the flow and under the influence of gravity as well as the 35 magnetic fields movement of the body -20- in the chamber -1- and in conjunction with it to be able to adjust the flow rate so that the body -20 - remain in the field of magnetic fields in suspension or move in the field of magnetic fields, a part of the wall of the chamber -1- is designed as a viewing window. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, such a viewing window 40 -21- is arranged in the region of the magnetic fields passing through the chamber between the two magnetic systems -7,8- and another viewing window -22- in the outflow part -5- adjacent part of the chamber wall , On the one hand, it can thus be readily ascertained whether metal bodies are present in the region of the magnetic fields and, furthermore, whether the flow is so strong that a larger number of the metal bodies have already been driven into the region of the outflow opening 45; If this is the case, one will reduce the flow rate of the chamber -1- passing water accordingly. If, on the other hand, there are no bodies of oligodynamically active metal in the region of the outlet opening, this indicates that a large number of them have deposited in the region of the inflow opening, and the flow rate of the water in the chamber 50 will accordingly increase. Looking at platelet-shaped bodies of about 7 mm in diameter for the oligodynamic treatment of the water, they can be maintained in a float-like motion by adjusting the flow rate to a value between about 20 and 80 cm / s across the chamber. In a configuration as shown in the drawings

No.384600 of the chamber -1- with a holding tube -26- for the cores -18- existing between the outer wall -24- of the chamber -1- and the middle support rod -25- or of non-magnetic material, eg of plastic - The magnetic systems remaining chamber volume of about 1.8 1 while body -20-, which consisted of platelets of about 7 mm diameter of silver and copper, in an amount of about 200 g in the chamber -1 - filled.

The chamber -1- has in its upper portion -la-, from the drain port -5- or in front of the connecting piece -6- is located, a larger flow area than in the underlying area and thus there is a drop in the flow velocity in the section -la-, which reduces the buoyancy, which is experienced by the oligodynamic metal body -20- by the flow ; it is thus counteracted the upward movement of the body -20- to the discharge opening -5-, and it is thus a perseverance of the body -20 - favors in the field of magnetic fields -9 to 12-, u.zw. even if the flow rate required for suspending the bodies -20- is appreciably exceeded; Thus, the requirements placed on the accuracy of the flow rate setting are significantly reduced.

To adjust the flow rate can, as shown in Figure 2, one of the chamber -1- flow-parallel bypass line -30- provided, in which a rule valve -31-, which can be operated by hand or automatically operated, is inserted.

Thus, by varying the portion -32- of the total flow flowing through the chamber -1-, the flow rate in the chamber can be easily adjusted to the particular desired value.

In order to keep the bodies loosely arranged in the chamber -1-, which are made of oligodynamically acting metal, regardless of the fluctuations in the flow rate of the water safely in the chamber, are at the inlet port -3- and at the outlet opening -5- Perforated sheets -35-, which may for example consist of stainless steel provided. In place of such perforated plates, it is also possible to provide wire screens or correspondingly closely spaced webs, between which the water can pass.

The water treated by the process according to the invention is expediently freed by filtration after the treatment of the then killed microorganisms. In the interests of the best possible effectiveness of this separation, it is advantageous after treatment to have at least about 15 minutes, but preferably 20 to 30 minutes, of continuous buffering in a container, as indicated in FIG. 2 and indicated by -36-. After this caching, the filtration is then carried out and it is then the treated

Water available for use.