Machine for driving holes in the ground

(42) Date of commencement of the patent: 15. 3.1987 (45) Date of issue: 27.10.1987 (51) mt.ci? : E02D 29/10

<td>(30) Priority:</td><td>(73) Patent owner:</td>

<td>16. 5.1983 SU 3632032 claims.</td><td>INSTITUTE GORNOGO DELA SIBIRSKOGO OTDELENIA AKADEMII NAUK SSSR</td>

<td>(56) Documents:</td><td>NOVOSIBIRSK (SU).</td>

<td>US-PS4144941 US-PS4132277</td><td>(72) Inventor:</td>

<td>SU-URHEBERSCHEIN NO. 658224</td><td>KOSTYLEV ALEXANDR DMITRIEVICH NOVOSIBIRSK (SU). KARAVAEV ANDRON TROFIMOVICH NOVOSIBIRSK (SU). PLAVSKIKH VLADIMIR DMITRIEVICH NOVOSIBIRSK (SU). TERSKOV ALEXEI DANILOVICH NOVOSIBIRSK (SU). CHEPURNOI NIKOLAI PROKHOROVICH NOVOSIBIRSK (SU). REZNIKOV IGOR IOSIFOVICH ODESSA (SU). TARASENKO VLADIMIR IVANOVICH ODESSA (SU).</td>

(54) DEVICE FOR RECOVERING HILLS IN THE GROUND

CQ

AT 384 257

KR 0078318

- 2 No.384257

The invention relates to the field of construction technology, in particular it relates to devices for drilling holes in the ground.

The device can be used, for example, to drill holes in the ground during trenchless installation of underground supply lines.

The experience gained in the operation of self-propelled equipment of beating effect for sinking holes in the ground have shown their high efficiency and ease of use. At the same time, it has been found that the reliability of operation and the accuracy of the drilling of holes depend to a great extent on the nature of the soil in which the holes are drilled. Thus, with a high non-uniformity of the soil and in existing cavities and alien inclusions such as large boulders and remains of building deformations of the housing of the device for sinking holes and a curvature of the bore produced are possible. For larger bends of the housing of the device for drilling down holes failures due to jamming of the hammer in the housing are possible.

There is known a device for drilling holes in the ground (see SU Certificate No. 658224, published in 1979), which comprises a boring bar, a cylindrical calibrating part, a tapered bow part and a ribbed part arranged between the calibrating part and the bow part Contains cone bushing. The bow part is separated from the cone bush by a cylindrical part. The design of the device with two conical surfaces projecting along the axis gives the same effect as a single conical part with a maximum diameter equal to the maximum diameter of the corrugated cone bushing, ie it can be assumed that the device has only one has conical part which deviates from the Abteufachse upon impact of the nose portion on an obstacle, so that the bore will be curvilinear.

There is also known a device for drilling holes in the ground (see U.S. Patent No. 4,144,941, published March 20, 1979), which has a cylindrical housing, a striking member housed therein, which impart blows to the nose portion of the housing can, and contains an air distribution device. The bow part of the housing is designed with a diameter that exceeds the diameter of the rest of the housing part.

This device is characterized by a relatively small contact surface of the housing walls with the ground, which leads to the reduction of forces, which absorb the recoil of the housing in the acceleration of the hammer, which again a reduction in Abteufgeschwindigkeit or even a shutdown of the housing movement in leaking and moist soil. In addition, the thickened part of the housing reduces the impact energy, which is attributable to a unit area of ​​the bore to be drilled, ie, he ultimately sets the Abteufgeschwindigkeit down.

The presence of a thickening on the bow portion of the housing also increases the mass of the housing, which leads to the reduced effectiveness of the transfer of the shock to the ground, whereby the Abteufgeschwindigkeit is also reduced.

The small length of the thickened housing part, which is in contact with the ground, does not guarantee a stable direction in the movement of the device in the ground, especially when hitting the thickened part on an obstacle, for example on a field stone.

Lastly, a device for drilling holes in the ground is known (see US Pat. No. 4,132,277, published on 02.01.79), which can exert a cylindrical housing, a striking member accommodated therein, which can strike the head of the housing. and an air distribution device.

This device is characterized by a relatively small wall thickness of the housing, which is favorable in terms of achieving the maximum impact energy of the device and the maximum effectiveness of the transmission of shock to the ground (thanks to the low mass of the housing).

The device is further characterized by a sufficiently large length of the housing, which contributes to an increase in Abteufgenauigkeit.

However, the long case and the small thickness of its walls are distortions of the

Nr.384257

- 3 housing when drilling down holes in uneven floors and floors with cavities and foreign inclusions possible, resulting in a deviation of the device of the given

Niederbringungsrichtung result.

In case of significant bending of the housing failures due to jamming of the

Impact element in the housing possible.

The invention has for its object to perfect the construction of the housing of the device for drilling down holes in the ground so that the rigidity of the housing itself is increased and the transverse bending forces acting on the housing on the part of the soil are reduced, as permitted would increase the accuracy of the drilled holes and what would exclude the failures of the facility.

The essence of the invention is that in the device for drilling holes in the ground, which includes a housing, an impactor accommodated therein, which can exert blows on the bow portion of the housing, and an air distribution device according to the invention on a part of the outer surface of the Housing on the side of its bow part längsver15 running recesses and projections are executed, wherein the diameter of the cylindrical housing portion is larger than the diameter of a circle circumscribed at the bottom of the recesses and smaller than the diameter of a circle circumscribed at the apices of the projections.

It is desirable that the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical housing part be approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing on the portion of the arrangement of the depressions and projections.

It is expedient to form a part of the housing at the location of the recesses and projections in the form of a removable attachment.

The executed according to the invention means for drilling holes in the

Soil is simple in design and manufacture and reliable.

Characterized in that at the bow portion of the housing longitudinal recesses and projections are made, it is possible to increase the rigidity of the housing without increasing its mass, resulting in work in dissimilar grounds to increase the Abteufgenauigkeit and to exclude failures without reducing the housing transferred to the ground

Impact energy contributes.

The inventive design of the housing also contributes to the reduction of acting on the housing side of the dissimilar soil transverse forces in that the front parts of the projections destroy the obstacles occurring in the ground in part and push them away from the walls of the rear housing end, which bore only finally calibrated by moving the soil from the depression into the soil grooves formed by the projections.

The embodiment of the housing according to the invention also contributes to the maintenance of the required frictional force between the housing and the floor, which excludes the slippage of the housing in the ground in the action of this by recoil forces, which arise in the acceleration of Schlag40 organs, and ultimately allowed to maintain the Abteufgeschwindigkeit.

Characterized in that the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical housing part is approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing at the location of execution of depressions and projections, the increase in the operational reliability of the device without reducing the

Abteufgeschwindigkeit guaranteed because the volume of the soil to be deformed and the diameter of the bore to be applied are maintained.

The formation of the connection of the bow portion of the housing in the form of a removable

Attachment provides the ability to change the geometry of the bow portion of the housing and leave the rest of the housing unchanged. The change of the attachment may make it necessary to wear the projections.

In the following the invention is explained by detailed description of a concrete embodiment thereof and with reference to drawings, in which show according to the invention:

Fig.l the general view of the device for drilling holes in the ground, partially

- 4 No.384257

Longitudinal section; 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig.l; 3 shows the front part of the device housing in the form of a removable attachment, longitudinal section.

The device for drilling holes in the ground comprises a cylindrical housing -1- (Fig.l, 2), a housing -1- accommodated impactor -2- and an air distribution device -3-. At the bow portion -4- of the housing -1- longitudinal recesses -5- and projections -6- with faces -7- are executed.

The diameter of the cylindrical portion of the housing -1- is larger than the diameter of a circle circumscribed at the bottom of the recesses -5- and smaller than the diameter of a circle circumscribed at the apices of the projections -6-. Hiebei is the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical portion of the housing -1- approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the bow portion -4- of the housing -1- on the portion of the arrangement of the recesses -5- and the projections -6-. The Sehlagorgan -2- is in the housing -1- arranged with the possibility of exerting blows on the bow portion -4- of the housing -1- on signals of the air distribution device -3-. In Fig. 3 is a variant of the front part -4- of the housing -1- with a removable attachment -8- - a taper bush - shown on the outer surface of the recesses -5- and projections -6- are executed.

The device for drilling holes in the ground works as follows.

Under the action of compressed air supplied to the air distribution device -3-, the impactor -2- makes a reciprocating movement in the housing -1- and exerts blows on the front part -4- - the inner front surface of the housing -1- and hit this in the ground. Repulsive forces, which occur when accelerating the impactor -2- and attack the housing -1-, are taken from frictional forces, which arise between the outer surface of the housing -1- and the walls of the hole in the ground.

Under the action of the blows, the housing -1- and the entire device shifts in the ground, pushing them apart in the radial direction and leaving a hole behind them.

As the bow portion -4- of the housing -1- moves, depressions (grooves) produced by the projections -6- and protrusions generated by the recesses are formed in the bottom. The rearward cylindrical end of the housing -1- calibrates the bore displacing the bottom from the recesses -5- of the housing -1- into the bottom grooves formed by the projections -6- of the housing -1--.

When impinging on foreign inclusions in the ground (eg boulders) these inclusions are partially destroyed by the front end surfaces -7- of the protrusions -6- and partially pushed apart in the radial direction of the axis of the device, so that the cylindrical part of the housing - 1- the influence of the inclusions is no longer exposed and in the housing -1- the device no bending forces.

In those cases, where it is known that the ground is similar and has no inclusions, it is expedient to reduce the height of the projections, which is why the front part -4- (Figure 3) of the remaining part of the housing -1- separated at the conical surface and replaced with another cap with lower projections -6-.