Untitled record

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AUSTRIAN PATENT OFFICE Cl.81b, «

PATENT NUMBER NO. 237525

Issued on December 28, 1964

Ε. Ε. T. EUROPEAN ENGINEERING TRUST REG. Vaduz in Vaduz

Magnetic clamping tool

Registered June 24, 1963 (A 5034/63). - Beginning of the patent period: April 15, 1964.

The invention relates to magnetic clamping tools, in particular those with permanent magnets. While the invention is primarily relevant to, and is shown and described in connection with, permanent magnet clamping tools for handling various materials, it will be understood that its applicability is not limited thereto.

One possible use of the tools according to the invention is the handling of sheets or the like. of ferromagnetic material, eg iron sheet, steel sheet, etc., given. Such sheets are stacked either in a horizontal position one above the other or stored approximately vertically in subjects. In the horizontal arrangement, the top sheet must be pushed onto the stack or pulled away from it in the horizontal direction. In the approximately vertical arrangement sheets must be pushed into the end or in the middle of a compartment in this or pulled out of this. In both cases, handling sheet metal may be difficult under certain circumstances, for example if the sheets are heavy or extra large or have a bulky shape.

It is already an auxiliary device for destacking of ferromagnetic sheets known, which is designed as a hand guard, glove or hand strap and provided with a in the area of ​​the palm, vorzugswei15 se near the bale, mounted flat permanent magnet system consisting of permanent magnet strips and soft iron strips, alternately in one Housing are arranged such that the iron strip forming the palm have successively different polarity.

It is a magnetic system used with a narrow pole pitch, so that the magnetic field does not penetrate too deeply into a stack of sheets and the individual sheets do not adhere to each other. The small magnet system is not so strong that you can pick up or carry a metal sheet with it, but a metal sheet should thus be pulled away from the stack a piece so that it can then be detected by hand.

Not only sheets, but also material parts of different shape and size often have to be lifted, transported and stored elsewhere.

It is an object of the invention to provide a permanent magnetic tool which facilitates the handling of the above mentioned materials.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a hand tool that facilitates manual movement and handling of the specified materials.

Such a tool is intended to facilitate the difficulties of handling materials during both sliding and other horizontal movements as well as vertical movements. ,

If a piece of material has been brought to the desired location by means of the device according to the invention, it is necessary to detach the device from the piece of material. It is therefore a further object of the invention to provide means for releasing the retained piece of material on the device.

In many cases, the pieces of material are not only difficult to handle, but they can also have a considerable weight. A magnetic tool that adheres to the piece of material so that the forces required for moving and handling can be transmitted, must necessarily be strong, in which case the detachment is a problem. With the aids according to the invention the detachment from the held piece of material can be done easily and quickly.

For other types of materials that do not need to be ferromagnetic, such as wood, plastic or the like,

No.237525 may be the case that parts of such materials for processing, for. B. when sawing, held or guided in a particular location. It is therefore a further object of the invention to provide a permanent magnetic tool which easily, quickly and safely z. B. on a part of a woodworking machine, such as the iron bed of a power saw, can be attached, so that the workpiece to be machined is held in the correct position. Such a tool must be easily from the machine bed or the like. lose weight. It may also be necessary to move such a holding or guiding tool over short distances, and it is therefore a further object of the invention to provide a tool which allows such fine adjustability.

The permanent magnetic tool according to the invention should be simple in construction and in Handba10 environment.

The tool should also be inexpensive to produce.

The features and advantages of the invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which certain embodiments are shown. Those skilled in the art, upon consideration of these examples, will recognize that various modifications may be made in construction, operation, or application without departing from the scope of the invention.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 shows a bottom view of a tool according to the invention for handling ferromagnetic materials, wherein the lever is folded forward. Fig. 2 is a side view, Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same tool. 5 shows a side view of a magnetic element, for example a plate of the individual magnets used for the tool according to the invention. FIG. 6 shows an end view of a plurality of juxtaposed individual magnets, as they are arranged in the housing of the tool. Fig. 8 shows a view from below, Fig. 9 shows a side view of the same tool, one end being raised from the surface which has been held by the tool by magnetic forces. Fig. 10 shows a

11 is a front view, FIG. 12 is a section along the line 12-12 of FIG. 10 and FIG. 13 is a bottom view of a part near the front edge.

The illustrated in Fig. L-4 tool consists of a body 18, the housing of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or the like. with a top 20, side walls 22 and a front 30 and a rear wall 24 and 26 has. The top 20 has an elongate opening 28 extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing, bounded by side flanges 30 and end flanges 31 extending from the top of the housing. The free space 32 of the flange 30 lies approximately in the same plane as the lower edges of the front, rear and side walls 24, 26 and 22, respectively.

The housing contains a plurality of magnets. These magnets are arranged in groups, 35 u.zw. in two front groups 36 and in two rear groups 38. The two front and the two rear groups are located on either side of the opening 28 and at a distance from each other.

Permanent magnets made of ceramic material can be used, each magnet, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, consisting of a plate 40 of a known material, such as Indox, which is magnetized in the direction of its thickness. On both sides each one of a plate of soft iron or steel existing pole piece 44 glued or otherwise secured. The pole pieces are slightly wider than the permanent magnets, so that the lower portions 46 project beyond the magnet bodies with the end surfaces 48, the effective areas for attracting and retaining ferromagnetic material.

The magnets can be arranged in different ways in the tool. One possibility is indicated in FIG. 6, with poles of the same name abutting one another. But it can also be the unlike poles next to each other. The individual magnets can also be spatially separated or arranged differently. The groups of magnets may also be arranged differently than shown. It is also permanent magnets made of other materials, such as Alnico, can be used.

The magnets are embedded in a body 50 of plastic material, which holds the magnets and 50 has hardly any risk of breakage embedded. Plastics with these properties are known.

The tool has a lever 52 with a shaft 54, of which at least the inner part has a smaller width than the opening 28. Near the inner end of the lever 54 is a transverse

Opening for storage on an axis 56, which approximately in the center of the housing in openings of the

Flanges 30 is included, provided. On the outer sides of the flanges 30 are amplification kungsbutzen 58, in which the openings of the flanges are continued. The plastic material outside the

Reinforcement trim holds the axle 56 in place.

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The handle at the outer end of the lever 54 is formed by a cross piece 60 T-shaped. When the tool is held on the crosspiece 60, the effective areas of the magnets can be placed on a workpiece made of ferromagnetic material, eg steel sheet, which is not shown in FIG. 2 but indicated at 62 in FIG. When the tool is mounted on such a piece of metal, it is held by the magnets and the Meralsstück can be pushed, pulled or lifted using the handle on the lever 52.

To lift the tool from the piece of material 62, the end of the lever 54 in the vicinity of the axis 56 has the shape of a cam 66. When the lever in the illustration of FIG. 2 and 3 is moved counterclockwise, the cam 66 contacts the surface of the held Material Stuckes 62 and pushes the tool away from so that it reaches a distance in which the magnetic attraction is so low that the clamping tool can be lifted completely.

The cam 66 may be arranged on the lever in various ways, however, it has proven advantageous in many cases to effect the lift-off movement directly upwards. Therefore, the cam 66 is located at the back or top of the lever end so that the lever must be pivoted away beyond the vertical position (indicated by dashed lines in Figure 3) to lift the tool from the piece of material. The fact that the lever is mounted approximately in the center of the body 18, the tool is substantially always in equilibrium and the ferromagnetic materials can be easily lifted vertically in the air. Apart from metal sheets, various other materials can be recorded.

Another embodiment with a differently shaped housing is shown in Fig. 10 - 13. The opening 28a extends to an edge and in the upper half through the front side 24, wherein the lower part 72 of the front wall connects the adjacent housing parts. In this arrangement, the lever arm 54a, which is formed curved, can be folded forward so that it is substantially parallel to the housing surface.

From Fig. 12 it can be seen that the effective areas 48 of the pole pieces lie in the same plane as the lower edge of the housing. In this arrangement, although the magnetic field is distorted, there is substantially no deterioration of the attraction force. In this embodiment, the lower part of the pole pieces protrudes somewhat from the plastic material 50. If there are any small particles under the effective areas of the pole pieces which would prevent direct contact of the active surfaces with the material surface, then a slight pushing back and forth of the tool on the surface will bring these small particles into the spaces between the pole pieces where they do not bother.

A further embodiment is shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, wherein the tool has an elongate housing 80 with an upper side 82 and side walls 84. One end 86 is closed, while at the opposite end 35 the side walls are extended and bent inwards at 88 and 90 at the front. In the parts 90, an axis 93 is arranged, which carries a lever 92 with a handle 108. The inner part of the lever 92 is bent at 100 and has a flat end part 102. The tool has groups of magnets embedded in the plastic material 104. The tool according to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 can be used as a guide or stop when it is attached to a machine part 106 by the magnetic adhesive forces (FIG. 9).

When the tool is to be lifted off or brought into the correct position, the handle 108 of the lever 92 is raised, whereby the bent lever part 100 touches the surface of the machine part 106 and lifts the lever bearing adjacent end of the tool. When the lever 92 is approximately vertical, the flat lever end 102 rests on the machine part 106 and the tool 45 can be easily slid over it. The tool is lifted up to the rear corners of the pole pieces at the rear of the machine part 106, so that the magnetic attraction is low. When the tool is placed in the correct position, the lever 92 is again folded over to the front, with all the magnets come into contact with the machine part 106, and hold the tool unvangeably. If this tool also for moving or canceling ferromagnetic material 50 z. B. Iron sheet is to be used, the lever 92 may be provided with a crosspiece, so that a suitable handle is formed.

Fig. 14 shows a tool for holding small pieces of iron, for example, to keep them safe while they are being processed on a grinding machine. The tool has a fixed handle 110 and for pressing the held workpiece a pivotable lever 111 which is mounted on the axis 112 ge55. A hairpin-shaped spring 113 pushes the lever 111 away from the handle 110, wherein in this

Endlage the cam-shaped end 115 of the lever 111 is not out of the plane of the effective surfaces 114 of

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Pole shoes protrudes. The magnets are disordered in two groups on either side of the slot for the lever 111, the entire working surface is approximately square.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show a tool in the form of a stop angle, in which a magnetic working surface 116 or 117 is respectively provided on the upper and lower sides. The lever 118 for lifting is mounted on the outside of a side edge of the tool. This tool is especially for placing on the base plate, z. B. a drill, thought; Ferromagnetic workpieces can be held on top, for magnetic workpieces, the angle 119 can serve as a stop.

Fig. 17 shows a tool in which two magnetic work surfaces 120 and 121 are arranged at right angles to each other. A handle 122 extends between the outer ends of the legs of this tool. This tool can be used for example for holding sheet metal parts which are to be welded together along an edge, wherein both sheet metal parts are perpendicular to each other.

For use in the described embodiments, a type and a shape of permanent magnets have been given. However, it is of course possible to use other types and shapes that provide the attraction for retaining ferromagnetic materials. While in the described embodiments the magnets are held in a body of plastic material, which in turn is mounted in a cast, pressed or molded frame or housing, it is also possible to pour or overmold the magnets, the body thus formed already forming the tool , or is still placed in a housing.