Video data encoder and decoder

(57) Summary book invention relates to compression of the prediction error in a motion compensation video coding scheme. The useful information about the characteristics (for example, the position, directivity, etc. ) of a prediction error signal is pulled out using a prediction frame and a moving vector. Since the means which pulls out this information is included in the decoder of this proposed system, it is not necessary to transmit this information. It becomes possible to reduce the remarkable bit rate to a prediction error coding scheme using the information pulled out by the encoder and the decoder.